| 1. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Framgångsrikt ledarskap i turbulenta tider
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Chefstidningen : HR- och ledarskapsmagasin för akademiker. - 2000-3498. ; , s. 53-55
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 2. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
-
Factors associated with high use of a workplace web-based stress management program in a randomized controlled intervention study
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Health Education Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1153 .- 1465-3648. ; 25:4, s. 596-607
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In web-based health promotion programs, large variations in participant engagement are common. The aim was to investigate determinants of high use of a worksite self-help web-based program for stress management. Two versions of the program were offered to randomly selected departments in IT and media companies. A static version of the program including health screening tool, diary and information about stress was offered to the control group. Additional materials, i.e. interactive, cognitive-based and classical stress management exercises and a chat room, were offered to the intervention group. Baseline data regarding participants' demographics, health (self-ratings and biological measures), lifestyle, work-related factors and group membership were analyzed to study determinants of employees' participation in the program during a period of 12 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used and found intervention group membership, being a woman, having at most a secondary education, regular physical exercise habits and having positive expectations of the program were significant predictors of high use. The findings demonstrate that the interactivity of a web-based program is an important factor for determining participation in a web-based worksite stress management program. Implications for those developing and implementing future web-based health promotion activities are discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lundmark, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Leading for change : line managers' influence on the outcomes of an occupational health intervention
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Work & Stress. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0267-8373 .- 1464-5335. ; 31:3, s. 276-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Line managers may play a central role in the success of occupational health interventions. However, few studies have focussed on the relationship between line managers' behaviours and the outcomes of occupational health interventions. We examined the influence of both line managers' attitudes and actions towards an intervention as well as their transformational leadership on the expected outcomes of the intervention (i.e. employee self-rated health and work ability). The intervention consisted of the implementation and use of a web-based system for occupational health management. A sample of 180 employees provided data for the analysis. Self-rated health and work ability were measured at the baseline (Time 1) and follow-up (Time 3), while employee ratings of line managers' attitudes and actions, and transformational leadership were measured during the intervention process (Time 2). The results revealed that line managers' attitudes and actions positively predicted changes in both self-rated health and work ability. The influence of transformational leadership was indirect and mediated through line managers' attitudes and actions towards the intervention. Based on the results, we suggest using process measures that include aspects of both line managers' attitudes and actions as well as their transformational leadership in future process evaluation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Canlon, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between stress and hearing problems in humans
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Hearing Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-5955 .- 1878-5891. ; 295:1-2, s. 9-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hearing problems are a public health issue with prevalence figures far more common than previously estimated. There are well-established risk factors of hearing problems such as age, sex and noise exposure history. Here, we demonstrate additional risk factors, i.e. socioeconomic status and long-term stress exposure that are found to increase the risk of hearing problems. In order to proactively intervene and prevent hearing problems, these newly recognized risk factors need to be taken into consideration. When taking these new risk factors into account, sex differences become even more apparent than previously found. The aim of this review is to summarize our recent findings about the associations between stress and hearing problems.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fallman, Sara L.
(författare)
-
Organizational flexibility and health among line managers and employees in health care
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Line mangers’ and employees, registered nurses and assistant nurses’, in health care often have a demanding work situation. Sick leave illness and lack of competent staff is a problem. There is a lack of studies on working conditions, such as flexibility and restricted control, from an organizational perspective, (i.e. working conditions formed on a higher level aiming to influence the whole organization) with health care organizations in explicit focus.Aim: The overall aim was to expand knowledge about how working conditions with specific focus on flexibility and restricted control over work, impact on health and work performance among first and second line managers and employees within health care. In Study I the aim was to generate knowledgeabout the importance of adjustment latitude at work and at home for return to work or regaining work ability for female HSO workers on long-term sick leave. In Study II, the aim was to investigate how restricted decision-making autonomy and conflicting demands impact operational managers’ work performance and health. In Study III, the aim was to examine the associations between managerial work performance and self-rated health or burnout among first line nurse managers. In Study IV, the aim was to identify first line managers’ approaches for maintaining low levels of sick leave among healthcare employees.Method: Both qualitative and quantitative methods have been used. Studies I–III employed a quantitative longitudinal design of questionnaire data. In Study I, data from a 6-year study was used. Study II is based on data collected at two points in time, approximately one year apart. The analyses in Study III were performed using data from three points in time, approximately one year apart. Study IV, used a qualitative approach in analyses of interviews with first line managers responsible for units with low sick leave among the employees.Results: The results show the importance of having working conditions that allowed for a flexible work situation and a favorable adjustment latitude among employees. The result showed employee who had more opportunitiesto make adjustment latitudes at work had higher degree of work ability and a higher degree of return to work than those who had fever possibilities for adjustments. First line managers responsible for units with low sick leave among the employees were flexible, and had a holistic approach to meet the employees’ needs for flexible working conditions. Inversely, restricted control in form of top-down control and low control over the own work was associated with lower health, higher degree of burnout and lower ability to perform work.Conclusions: Organizational flexibility from superiors and top management is important for health because it shapes working conditions that support and facilitate individual line managers and employees’ capability to perform theirwork. In specific, higher opportunities for adjustments of pace and place of work are important for employees’ health. Line managers’ work performancemay be supported by higher organizational flexibility in decision-making while restricted control over work conditions were associated with lower health. A holistic approach in relation to the employees’ needs seems to have positive impact on lower sick leave.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Gyberg, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
-
Measuring risk online-Feasibility of using FINDRISC in an online workplace survey
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Primary Care Diabetes. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-9918 .- 1878-0210. ; 6:2, s. 103-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: With the globally increasing prevalence of diabetes and the knowledge on how to prevent the disease there is a high demand for an effective way of identifying people at risk. The hypothesis behind this investigation was that incorporation of the FINnish Diabetes Risk SCore (FINDRISC) questionnaire in a regular workplace survey would be a feasible way to identify individuals and groups at risk for diabetes that could benefit from preventive interventions.METHOD: The eight FINDRISC questions were slightly modified and incorporated to Webb-QPS, an online work place survey, and distributed by e-mail to 5166 employees at Karolinska University Hospital (KUH).RESULTS: The total number of responders to Webb-QPS was 3581 (69%). Of those responding 3029 (84%) replied to the FINDRISC section which comprises 59% of the original population. A group of 1082 high risk individuals could be considered for intervention whereof 298 (9.8%) are expected to develop diabetes the upcoming 10 years if left without intervention.CONCLUSION: It is feasible to incorporate a diabetes risk score such as the FINDRISC in a workplace survey. A group that could be subject to preventive intervention programs was identified.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute Stress Induces Hyperacusis in Women with High Levels of Emotional Exhaustion
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:1, s. e52945-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hearing problems is one of the top ten public health disorders in the general population and there is a well-established relationship between stress and hearing problems. The aim of the present study was to explore if an acute stress will increase auditory sensitivity (hyperacusis) in individuals with high levels of emotional exhaustion (EE). Methods: Hyperacusis was assessed using uncomfortable loudness levels (ULL) in 348 individuals (140 men; 208 women; age 23-71 years). Multivariate analyses (ordered logistic regression), were used to calculate odds ratios, including interacting or confounding effects of age, gender, ear wax and hearing loss (PTA). Two-way ANCOVAs were used to assess possible differences in mean ULLs between EE groups pre- and post-acute stress task (a combination of cold pressor, emotional Stroop and Social stress/video recording). Results: There were no baseline differences in mean ULLs between the three EE groups (one-way ANOVA). However, after the acute stress exposure there were significant differences in ULL means between the EE-groups in women. Post-hoc analyses showed that the differences in mean ULLs were between those with high vs. low EE (range 5.5-6.5 dB). Similar results were found for frequencies 0.5 and 1 kHz. The results demonstrate that women with high EE-levels display hyperacusis after an acute stress task. The odds of having hyperacusis were 2.5 (2 kHz, right ear; left ns) and 2.2 (4 kHz, right ear; left ns) times higher among those with high EE compared to those with low levels. All these results are adjusted for age, hearing loss and ear wax. Conclusion: Women with high levels of emotional exhaustion become more sensitive to sound after an acute stress task. This novel finding highlights the importance of including emotional exhaustion in the diagnosis and treatment of hearing problems.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
”Lite vanligt hyfs skadar inte” – Forskningsrapport 2021:5
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ohövlighet samt otrevligt och respektlöst beteende har blivit allt vanligare i det moderna samhället, och har rapporterats vara en av de mest påträngande formerna av antisocialt beteende på arbetsplatser. Syftet med den här studien var att göra totalpopulationsundersökningar på ett brett spektrum av företag inom handeln angående: a) Möjlig förekomst av ohövlighet och hövlighet. b) Möjlig förekomst av åtgärder för att motverka och hantera ohövlighet c) Möjliga samband mellan förekomst av ohövlighet och psykosocial arbetsmiljö, samt stress- och hälsorelaterade variabler. Resultaten visar att upplevd ohövlighet på arbetsplatsen är systematiskt relaterad till statistiskt säkerställda skillnader i centrala aspekter av hälsa, stress, återhämtning och psykosocial arbetsmiljö, vilket är helt i enlighet med tidigare forskning. Även om denna studie inte kan dra några slutsatser om orsakssamband, visar den omfattande systematiken i resultaten att förekomst av ohövlighet på arbetsplatsen är bekymrande och behöver tas på allvar. Ett positivt resultat är att de flesta (78 % – 96 %) anger att de själva, kollegor, närmaste chef eller kunder ofta beter sig hövligt. Samtidigt visar våra resultat påtagligt lägre förekomst av ohövligt beteende än vad som redovisats i tidigare forskning. Det sistnämnda kan delvis bero på metodologiska skillnader i hur ohövlighet mätts i vår studie, jämfört med tidigare studier. De flesta deltagarna beskriver i fritextsvaren att de bästa sätten att hantera ohövlighet är att det tas upp direkt med de berörda. Vidare lyfter studiedeltagarna fram vikten av att chef och/eller organisation har nolltolerans-policy mot ohövligt beteende och deltar aktivt i hanteringsdiskussionen. Därtill anges det som viktigt att kollegor ställer upp för och backar upp varandra (både fysiskt och psykiskt) vid hotfulla eller otrevliga möten med kunder. En del av svaren på frågan om man kunde berätta om goda exempel på hantering av ohövlighet illustrerade istället dåliga exempel. Många skriver i någon form att de önskar att devisen ”kunden har alltid rätt” inte skulle få gälla urskillningslöst, eftersom de upplever att det efterlevs på de handelsanställdas bekostnad. En världsunik, tvådimensionell mätning av hövlighet och ohövlighet som använts i denna studie tyder på att båda måtten är flerdimensionella. Detta blir särskilt viktigt att ta hänsyn till när hövlighet och ohövlighet ska hanteras inom ramen för det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet. Fortsatta, fördjupade analyser behöver också inkludera påverkansfaktorer (t ex ålder, kön, personlighet, organisatoriska faktorer), som kan ta hänsyn till och ge bättre förståelse för om och när hövlighet och ohövlighet utgör ett problem, för vem och under vilka omständigheter.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence and characteristics of hearing problems in a working and non-working Swedish population
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 64:5, s. 453-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hearing problems are among the top 10 most common burdens of disease and are projected to be become even more common by the year 2030. The aim of the present study was to give a current assessment of the prevalence of communication difficulties because of hearing loss and tinnitus, in the general Swedish working and non-working populations in relation to sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES) and noise exposure. How prevalence is affected by SES has not been previously established. METHODS: A total of 18 734 individuals were invited to participate in the study, of which 11 441 (61%) enrolled. Of the participants, 9756 answered the questionnaire for those who work and 1685 answered the version for non-workers. FINDINGS: The most important findings are that 31% in the working population and 36% in the non-working population report either hearing loss or tinnitus or both. The prevalence of hearing problems increases with age, is higher among men and persons with low self-rated SES, and covaries with exposure to noise at work. Severe hearing problems are already present in men and women under 40 years of age who are exposed to work-related noise. INTERPRETATION: Prevalence of hearing problems is far more common than previously estimated and is associated with SES and noise exposure history. Hearing problems have a gradual onset that can take years to become recognised. In order to proactively intervene and prevent this deleterious, yet avoidable handicap, statistics need to be regularly updated.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychosocial and physiological correlates of self-reported hearing problems in male and female musicians in symphony orchestras.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7697. ; 74:2, s. 93-100
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental and epidemiological research indicate an association between long-term stress and hearing problems, yet the mechanisms underlying these disorders are not yet fully established. Thus, in order to better understand the pathogenesis of stress-related hearing problems, the present study explored the symptoms and general physiological and psychosocial status of musicians in symphony orchestras. Orchestral musicians are an ideal group to study since physical, psychosocial, work-environmental and acoustic stressors are highly prevalent. The subjects where obtained from two different studies. The first group included 250 participants from 12 orchestras and is entitled "the epidemiological study". The second group, entitled "the longitudinal study", included 47 musicians who were assessed at five occasions (every half year) during two years. Thirty-one of the 47 participants were selected for sampling of physiological variables, i.e. 24-hour ECG to assess heart rate variability to evaluate the synergistic action of the autonomic system as well as saliva cortisol and testosterone levels. The results indicate that self-reported hearing problems are associated with perceived poorer psychosocial environment, as well as mental health symptoms and stress. High-frequency power of heart rate variability (parasympathetic activity) showed a negative relationship to hearing problems, implying a poorer ability to "unwind" from stress. Cortisol levels were not correlated to hearing problems whereas testosterone levels showed a tendency to be lower in subjects with hearing problems than in others. These findings provide evidence for a relationship between long-term stress and self-reported hearing problems and demonstrate a protective role of parasympathetic and anabolic activity on hearing status.
|
|
| 15. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-rated Health and Allostatic Load in Women Working in Two Occupational Sectors
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Health Psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 14:4, s. 568-577
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study set out to investigate how biological dysregulation, in terms of allostatic load (AL), relates to selfrated health (SRH) in women. Data on SRH and 12 biomarkers used to assess AL were available for 241 employees from the health care sector and 98 employees from the IT/media sector. In line with the hypothesis, results showed that a poor SRH, along with occupational sector, age and education, were significantly associated with a high AL, particularly for those working withinthe health care sector. This association between a poor SRH and AL, suggests a link between SRH and biological dysregulation.
|
|
| 16. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Stress and prevalence of hearing problems in the Swedish working population
- 2011
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 11, s. 130-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Current human and experimental studies are indicating an association between stress and hearing problems; however potential risk factors have not been established. Hearing problems are projected to become among the top ten disabilities according to the WHO in the near future. Therefore a better understanding of the relationships between stress and hearing is warranted. Here we describe the prevalence of two common hearing problems, i.e. hearing complaints and tinnitus, in relation to different work-and health-related stressors. METHODS: A total of 18,734 individuals were invited to participate in the study, out of which 9,756 (52 %) enrolled. RESULTS: The results demonstrate a clear and mostly linear relationship between higher prevalence of hearing problems (tinnitus or hearing loss or both) and different stressors, e.g. occupational, poorer self-rated health, long-term illness, poorer sleep quality, and higher burnout scores. CONCLUSIONS: The present study unambiguously demonstrates associations between hearing problems and various stressors that have not been previously described for the auditory system. These findings will open new avenues for future investigations.
|
|
| 17. |
- Hasson, Dan, 1974-
(författare)
-
Stress Management Interventions and Predictors of Long-term Health : Prospectively Controlled Studies on Long-term Pain Patients and a Healthy Sample from IT- and Media Companies
- 2005
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis reports on the effects of stress management on long-term pain patients and on a healthy sample from IT and media companies; two groups that are commonly exposed to high stress levels. Even if there are important differences between these two groups, there are similarities such as the necessity for effective stress management. Stress-related and musculoskeletal disorders are major public health issues in most industrialized countries and are expected to become increasingly common during the coming decades. The pathogenic plastic changes in the CNS and immune system caused by long-term stress pose severe burdens to individuals, organizations as well as society in general. Thus, stress management may be essential to maintain and improve long-term health and wellbeing and to proactively counteract stress-related ill-health.This thesis is based on four papers: Paper I assessed the effects of massage as compared to relaxation tapes in long-term pain patients. Paper II validated some of the Visual Analogue Scale questions that were to be used in paper III and IV. Paper III assessed the effects on mental and physical wellbeing and biological stress markers from a web-based stress management and health promotion tool. Paper IV aimed at mapping out predictors for trends (improvement vs. worsening) in self-rated health (SRH) over a period of one year.The overall results indicate that individually focused stress management interventions in long-term pain patients as well as on a healthy, working population may have short-term beneficial effects on psychological and physiological stress, health and wellbeing. On a long-term basis the beneficial changes seem to revert. In paper four, it is indicated that the stress management intervention is not a significant predictor of long-term changes in SRH. Rather, other factors such as health perception, sleep quality and sense of coherence predicted improvement in SRH over time.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Trends in self-rated health among nurses : a 4-year longitudinal study on the transition from nursing education to working life
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Professional Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 8755-7223 .- 1532-8481. ; 26:1, s. 54-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For nurses, the transition from higher education to working life involves several types of changes and seems to be a major contributing cause of distress and, consequently, ill health on a longer term basis. The aim of this study was to longitudinally monitor the development of self-rated health (SRH) in nurses, starting from the last semester at the university with subsequent follow-ups when the nurses had entered working life. The Longitudinal Analyses of Nurses' Education and working life is an ongoing nationwide longitudinal project focusing on mapping health and career development in nurses in Sweden. SRH is one of the most widely used single-item measures of perceived health status with a well-established predictive ability on future health outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. This study found a small but significant and continuous decline in SRH among nurses during 3 years of follow-ups, starting from their last semester of nursing education and continuing 3 years into their working life. The most pronounced decline in SRH seems to occur in the transition between student life and working life and is most explicit among the youngest nurses. However, the long-term effect on SRH when entering into working life seems to be more pronounced among the older nurses.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Hasson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Validation and Findings Comparing VAS vs. Likert Scales for Psychosocial Measurements
- 2005
-
Ingår i: The International Electronic Journal of Health Education. - 1529-1944. ; 8, s. 178-192
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Psychosocial exposures commonly show large variation over time and are usually assessed using multi-item Likert indices. A construct requiring a five-item Likert index could possibly be replaced by a single visual analogue scale (VAS).Objective: To: a) evaluate validity and relative reliability of a single VAS compared to previously validated Likert based items and indices measuring the same construct, b) detect possible statistically significant differences in absolute levels between the single VAS and Likert items and indices respectively. Design: Cross-sectional study conducted in May 2004.Methods: 805 participants responded to a web-based questionnaire including both VAS and Likert based items. Intraclass correlations were utilized to assess agreement between VAS and Likert scales/indices and Marginal homogeneity tests were utilized to detect possible differences in absolute levels.Results: Moderate to strong correlations were found in responses between VAS and Likert based items and indices, and significant differences in absolute levels in seven out of eleven scales.Conclusion: Single VAS questions can, in some cases of uniform construct, replace a single Likert item and also be comparable, but not interchangeable, with multi-item Likert indices.
|
|
| 22. |
- Hébert, Sylvie, et al.
(författare)
-
Tinnitus severity is reduced with reduction of depressive mood - a prospective population study in Sweden
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tinnitus, the perception of sound without external source, is a highly prevalent public health problem with about 8% of the population having frequently occurring tinnitus, and about 1-2% experiencing significant distress from it. Population studies, as well as studies on self-selected samples, have reported poor psychological well-being in individuals with tinnitus. However, no study has examined the long-term co-variation between mood and tinnitus prevalence or tinnitus severity. In this study, the relationship between depression and tinnitus prevalence and severity over a 2-year period was examined in a representative sample of the general Swedish working population. Results show that a decrease in depression is associated with a decrease in tinnitus prevalence, and even more markedly with tinnitus severity. Hearing loss was a more potent predictor than depression for tinnitus prevalence, but was a weaker predictor than depression for tinnitus severity. In addition, there were sex differences for tinnitus prevalence, but not for tinnitus severity. This study shows a direct and long-term association between tinnitus severity and depression.
|
|
| 23. |
- Johansson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Role stress among first-line nurse managers and registered nurses : a comparative study
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 21:3, s. 449-458
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies show that first-line nurse managers (F-LNMs) experience high psychological job demands and inadequate managerial guidance. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether F-LNMs have higher stress levels and show more signs of stress-related ill health than registered nurses (RNs).Aim: The aim of this study was to examine possible differences in self-rated health between F-LNMs and RNs on various psychosocial factors (e.g. job demand, job control and managerial support).Methods: Data were collected at a university hospital in Sweden. Sixty-four F-LNMs and 908 RNs filled in a web-based questionnaire.Results: Both F-LNMs and RNs reported having good health. Approximately 10–15% of the F-LNMs and RNs showed signs of being at risk for stress-related ill health. Statistically significant differences (Mann–Whitney U-test) were found in the distribution between the F-LNMs and the RNs on three indices of job control, job demand and managerial support.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that F-LNMs were able to cope with high-demand job situations because of relatively high control over work.Implication for nursing management: The implication for nursing management shows the needs for a work environment for both F-LNMs and RNs that includes high job control and good managerial support.
|
|
| 24. |
- Schell, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of a web-based stress management and health promotion program on neck-shoulder-back pain in knowledge workers? 12 month prospective controlled follow-up.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: J Occup Environ Med. - 1536-5948 .- 1076-2752. ; 50:6, s. 667-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Impact of a web-based stress management and health promotion program on neck-shoulder-back pain in knowledge workers? 12 month prospective controlled follow-up.Schell E, Theorell T, Hasson D, Arnetz B, Saraste H.Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, S-171 77 Sweden. e.schell@telia.comOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of a web-based stress management program on neck-shoulder-back pain and perceived pain-relatedness to stress in a prospective and controlled study. METHODS: Study points were baseline, after 6 months intervention and at 12 months follow-up on 226 news media employees in two study groups and one control group. RESULTS: Between groups no significant differences were found at any study point. Within groups, the study group with less intensive program improved in pain-relatedness to stress at follow-up. Between baseline and after intervention, the group with more intensive program showed decreased low back pain, and the control group showed less pain-relatedness to stress. Within group differences varied according to pain localization and were inconsistent. CONCLUSION: Present web-based stress management program did not influence neck-shoulder-back pain or perceived pain-relatedness to stress in stress-intensive occupations.
|
|
| 25. |
- Schell, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
-
Stress biomarkers' associations to pain in the neck, shoulder and back in healthy media workers : 12-month prospective follow-up.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Eur Spine J. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0932 .- 0940-6719. ; 17:3, s. 393-405
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stress biomarkers' associations to pain in the neck, shoulder and back in healthy media workers: 12-month prospective follow-up.Schell E, Theorell T, Hasson D, Arnetz B, Saraste H.Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden. e.schell@telia.comPhysiological and psychological mechanisms have been proposed to link stress and musculoskeletal pain (MSP), and a number of stress biomarkers in patients with chronic pain have shown to be associated with stress-related disorders as well as health and recovery. The aim was to study if similar results might be found in a working population, in stress and computer intensive occupations with mild/moderate pain in neck, shoulder and back. The questions were if there are: (1) associations between self rated neck, shoulder and back pain (VAS) on one hand and stress-related (catabolic), recovery related (anabolic) variables, cardiovascular/lifestyle factors and immune markers on the other hand. (2) associations between long term changes in pain and stress marker values (6 month period). (3) predictive values in stress biomarkers for pain (12 month period) A study group with 121 media workers, 67 males (average 45 years) and 53 females (average 43 years), at three news departments of a media company was recruited. Pain occurrence and pain level in neck, shoulder, upper and low back were self-rated at three times with a 6-month interval towards the last month. Stress biomarker sampling was performed, at the same intervals. An additional similar questionnaire with momentary ratings focusing on "at present" i.e. within the same hour as stress biomarker sampling was performed. There were no changes in medicine intake or computer working hours during the 12 month study period. The total pain level and prevalence of pain decreased between baseline and 12 months follow-up. The rate of participation was 95%. Cross-sectional analyses on differences in stress biomarkers in groups of "no pain" and "pain" showed less beneficial stress biomarker levels (P < 0.05) in the "pain" group after age and gender adjustments in: S-DHEA-S and P-endothelin, S-insulin and P-fibrinogen. Analyses of each gender separately, adjusted for age, revealed in males differences in S-insulin, saliva cortisol 3, and P-endothelin. Furthermore, tendencies were seen in BMI, P-fibrinogen, and S-testosterone. In the female "pain" group a less beneficial P-BNP level was found. Longitudinal analysis of changes in pain levels and stress biomarkers within an interval of 6 months showed beneficial changes in the following stress markers: P-NPY, S-albumin, S-growth hormone and S-HDL when pain decreased, and vice versa when pain increased. Linear regression analyses showed statistically significant predicting values at the initial test instance for pain 12 months later in lower S-DHEA-S and S-albumin and higher B-HbA1c and P-fibrinogen. In stepwise regression and after age and gender adjustments, the associations with S-DHEA-S remained statistically significant. The present study shows that individuals in working life with a high level of regenerative/anabolic activity have less pain than other subjects, and that decreased regenerative/anabolic activity is associated with increasing pain. The levels of NPY, albumin, GH and HDL increased when pain decreased and vice versa. Low DHEA-S predicted pain 12 months later. These findings might contribute to increased knowledge about strategies to prevent further progression of neck/shoulder/back pain in persons who are "not yet in chronic pain".
|
|
| 26. |
- Sinadinovic, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Internet-based assessment and self-monitoring of problematic alcohol and drug use
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Addictive Behaviours. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4603 .- 1873-6327. ; 35:5, s. 464-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Swedish web-based service (www.escreen.se) offers self-assessment and self-monitoring of alcohol and drug use via on-line screening with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) as well as in-depth risk assessment using extended versions of both tests (Alcohol-E and DUDIT-E). Users receive individualized feedback concerning their alcohol and drug consumption and can follow their alcohol and drug use over time in personal diagrams and by writing in an electronic diary. This study describes user characteristics, service utilization patterns, and psychometric test properties for 2361 individuals who created a valid account over 20 months starting in February 2007. Problematic alcohol use according to AUDIT criteria was indicated for 67.4%, while 46.0% met DUDIT criteria for problematic drug use. Men and women accessed the service equally, with a mean age of 23 years. Internal consistency reliability figures were 0.90 for 1846 first-time AUDIT users and 0.97 for 1211 first-time DUDIT users; among 213 second-time AUDIT users reliability was 0.93, and 0.96 for 97 second-time DUDIT users. Internet-based alcohol and drug monitoring could function as a self-help tool or as a complement to substance abuse treatment.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Sjörs Dahlman, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of a fragrance system to counter sleepiness at the wheel
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Driver fatigue is a major cause of car accidents, and the prevention of fatigue is a major goal in the automotive industry. To reach the goal of zero traffic-accident fatalities, developing innovative solutions to prevent fatigue is a key objective. Solutions for fatigue countermeasures during driving have not yet reached a satisfactory level for effectiveness and safety. The most effective ones, such as taking a break and napping, are highly intrusive in the sense that they require you to stop the vehicle or shift drivers. In the current study, the possibility of using odors to counter driver fatigue has been explored. In this proof-of-concept study, the aim was to investigate if a fragrance system incorporating trigeminal components can have an alerting effect on sleepy drivers. The goal of the project was to provide enough evidence to determine whether the alerting fragrance is effective enough to justify further development and integration of the product into vehicles. The fragrance was tested on 21 healthy but sleep-deprived individuals while they performed a driving task in a simulator. We investigated whether the fragrance system had a measurable effect on subjective sleepiness, objective signs of fatigue and driving performance and attention.
|
|
| 29. |
- Sjörs Dahlman, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
In-vehicle fragrance administration as a countermeasure for driver fatigue
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 195
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver fatigue is a contributing factor in about 10–30% of all fatal crashes. Prevention of fatigue-related crashes relies on robust detection of driver fatigue and application of effective countermeasures. A potential countermeasure is fragrance administration since odors can have alerting effects on humans. The aim here was to investigate if a fragrance incorporating trigeminal components could be used as an in-vehicle countermeasure for driver fatigue.The fragrance was tested in a driving simulator with 21 healthy but sleep-deprived participants. Each participant performed a monotonous driving task twice, once with active fragrance containing a trigeminal component and once with olfactory fragrance, in a cross-over single-blind design. The order of trigeminal/olfactory fragrance was randomized and blinded to the participants. Both fragrances (trigeminal/olfactory) were administered either when the participant fell asleep (defined as eye closure > 3 s) or after approximately 45 min if the participant did not fall asleep.Self-reported sleepiness was assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) every 5 min during driving. Variability in speed and lateral position and line crossing frequency were logged for each drive to measure driving performance. Heart rate measurements (ECG) and eye blinks (EOG) were collected to investigate potential arousing effects of the fragrance and to track objective signs of sleepiness.
|
|
| 30. |
- Thrane, Kim, et al.
(författare)
-
Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Skin Delineates Intercellular Communication and Pathogenic Cells
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 143:11, s. 13-2177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidermal homeostasis is governed by a balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation with contributions from cell–cell interactions, but conserved or divergent mechanisms governing this equilibrium across species and how an imbalance contributes to skin disease are largely undefined. To address these questions, human skin single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics data were integrated and compared with mouse skin data. Human skin cell–type annotation was improved using matched spatial transcriptomics data, highlighting the importance of spatial context in cell-type identity, and spatial transcriptomics refined cellular communication inference. In cross-species analyses, we identified a human spinous keratinocyte subpopulation that exhibited proliferative capacity and a heavy metal processing signature, which was absent in mouse and may account for species differences in epidermal thickness. This human subpopulation was expanded in psoriasis and zinc-deficiency dermatitis, attesting to disease relevance and suggesting a paradigm of subpopulation dysfunction as a hallmark of the disease. To assess additional potential subpopulation drivers of skin diseases, we performed cell-of-origin enrichment analysis within genodermatoses, nominating pathogenic cell subpopulations and their communication pathways, which highlighted multiple potential therapeutic targets. This integrated dataset is encompassed in a publicly available web resource to aid mechanistic and translational studies of normal and diseased skin.
|
|
| 31. |
- Villaume, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Health-relevant personality traits in relation to adherence to a web-based occupational health promotion and stress management intervention
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Workplace Health Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 11:3, s. 143-158
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible associations between health-relevant personality traits and adherence; and if these traits predict adherence to a web-based occupational health intervention. Design/methodology/approach In total, 563 participants were analyzed using the Health-relevant Personality Inventory. Adherence measures were: logins, utilization of self-help exercises and time spent logged in. Findings Higher levels of antagonism (a facet of agreeableness) and impulsivity (a facet of conscientiousness) correlated to fewer logins, and higher levels of negative affectivity (a facet of neuroticism) and impulsivity correlated to a higher utilization of self-help exercises. Alexithymia (a facet of openness) negatively predicted self-help exercise utilization and antagonism was a positive predictor. Negative affectivity was a positive predictor of time spent logged in to the intervention. There were sex-related differences in outcomes. Originality/value This is the first study to investigate health-relevant personality traits in relation to adherence to a web-based occupational health intervention. The practical implications are that intervention developers could benefit from taking personality into consideration to better understand and improve adherence.
|
|
| 32. |
- Wallén, Martin Benka, et al.
(författare)
-
Possibilities and limitations of the polar RS800 in measuring heart rate variability at rest
- 2012
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 112:3, s. 1153-1165
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing trend among clinical studies is the use of heart rate monitors (HRMs) for assessment of heart rate variability (HRV). These instruments offer a convenient alternative to traditional electrocardiographs (ECGs) for recording and processing of R-R data. Reports on the validity of such systems are, however, conflicting. This study aimed to assess the validity of a commercial HRM on a large study sample, with emphasis on gender and age. Simultaneous recordings of R-R intervals were conducted with the Polar RS800 HRM and a 3-lead ECG on 341 individuals. Data editing was performed with individually designated software for each instrument. Agreement on SDNN, RMSSD, and HF- and LF power was assessed with intraclass correlations (ICCs), standard errors of measurement (SEMs) and Bland and Altman plots. The HRM was not able to identify 18 observations with non-sinus beats. For men, agreement between instruments ranged from good to excellent (ICC >= 0.8) on all HRV measures, and SEMs were generally small. For women the results were weaker, with unacceptable agreement between instruments on SDNN. Women over 60 years did not reach a critical ICC value of 0.75 on any of the HRV measures. Bland and Altman plots demonstrated that the RS800 generally overestimated HRV, and that uncertainty increased with higher values. Since the Polar system did not identify errors satisfactorily, or return valid values of HRV for certain groups, it is concluded that, whenever possible, traditional ECGs should be used for both gathering and editing of HRV data.
|
|
| 33. |
- Wallén, Martin Benka, et al.
(författare)
-
The correlation between the hyperacusis questionnaire and uncomfortable loudness levels is dependent on emotional exhaustion
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 51:10, s. 722-729
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To validate the hyperacusis questionnaire (HQ) in different strata of emotional exhaustion (EE). Design: HQ-scores and uncomfortable loudness levels (ULLs) were assessed in 348 individuals (140 men and 208 women) with low, intermediate, and high EE-levels. Results: Four individuals (1.1%) met the critical value for hyperacusis according to the HQ. An exploratory factor analysis extracted three factors from the HQ accounting for 57.6% of the variance. Internal consistency was acceptable for all subscales and for the total score, with Crohnbach's alpha ranging from 0.65 to 0.86. When controlling for hearing loss, significant correlations between the HQ and ULLs were found on both ears in those with intermediate (right: -0.328; left: -0.320) and high EE (right: -0.349; left: -0.393), but not with low EE (right: -0.204; left: -0.196). All correlations were negative, indicating that higher HQ-scores are correlated with lower ULLs. The strongest correlations were found for the social dimension, indicating that social aspects may correspond best to audiological parameters (ULLs) of hyperacusis. Conclusions: The results emphasize the need to take other factors, such as emotional exhaustion (long-term stress), into consideration when assessing hyperacusis with a questionnaire.
|
|
