| 1. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying new dimensions of business incubation : a multi-level analysis of Karolinska Institute’s incubation system
- 2016
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Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 50-51, s. 53-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relying on an in-depth case study of the incubator related to the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institute's (KI), this paper identifies new analytical and strategic dimensions of incubation. Departing from the current literature's prevalent focus on incubators as organizations performing a predefined set of activities for incubatees (facility renting, coaching, training and connecting), we perform a multilevel analysis embracing, next to the organizational and the project-specific levels, also the broader institutional and inter-organizational level. Our analysis relies on seven key components of incubation, namely its time, place, sources, resources, control/governance, activities/services and outcomes. Further, we view incubators as strategic actors engaged in value creation on a broader arena than the strict incubation context, even an international arena, where incubators' choices and interactions can be analyzed with the help of concepts from various streams in the business strategy literature. The specific strategic drivers of business incubation that we identify in the KI incubator's case are six: positioning in the value chain, risk taking/time perspective, revenue model, governance/control, internationalization, and cooperation/competition. The paper concludes with managerial implications urging incubators to take more of a strategic perspective rather than focussing only on the established components of their operations.
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| 2. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Start-ups and networks : Interactive perspectives and a research agenda
- 2019
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 80, s. 58-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article introduces Industrial Marketing Management's special issue on start-ups and networks. To begin with, we stress the relevance of understanding the context wherein entrepreneurship unfolds – a context filled with social, technical and economic connections to which the start-up needs to relate. We also present and confront three network perspectives which bring different insights to the interplay between start-ups and networks: Social Network (SN) theory, the Industrial Marketing & Purchasing (IMP) view, and Actor-Network Theory (ANT). Next, we introduce the 12 papers of this special issue and place them on a continuum covering a start-up's process of network embedding and including the three periods of establishment, consolidation and stabilization. We conclude with a research agenda suggesting five avenues for further research: (1) tracing start-ups' process of network embedding, (2) mapping the connections between the different networks affecting a start-up, (3) grasping the negative effects of networks on start-ups, (4) making longitudinal case studies on start-ups and networks more comparable via common analytical tools, and (5) investigating how policy influences the complex interplay between start-ups and networks.
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| 3. |
- Bondeli, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Bouncing back in turbulent business environments : Exploring resilience in business networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 107:November, s. 383-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores resilience as an empirical phenomenon from the interactive perspective of Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) in order to understand how firms build and manage interdependencies within their business environment to become and remain resilient in the face of turbulent change. The paper reviews managerial literature on resilience and relates it to IMP's basic tenets of firm interaction and resource interdependence within the contexts of business networks and business environment, as well as the concept of social capital. This analytical framework is used to analyse selected vignettes from an in-depth case study of a firm and its business network operating in a turbulent industrial market under chronically uncertain institutional conditions in Russia. This paper presents a context-bound model of firm resilience, explaining how it is achieved in a business network situated in a particularly turbulent business environment, specifically highlighting the role of social capital in accessing resources. The paper contributes to the conceptual base of IMP with a context-sensitive interpretation of resilience, while also nuancing the views of IMP on the function of business networks and the nature of resource interdependencies, as well as problematising the network logic that may encourage the development of resilience through shady means.
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| 4. |
- Bondeli, Julia V, et al.
(författare)
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Corruption in interaction : the role of social capital in private–public relationships
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to explore corrupt exchange as a type of socioeconomic interaction in private–public relationships and its effects on material flow in connected private-private relationships. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a case study of a private–public network of an import firm in Russia. It focusses on corrupt exchange in routine interactions between the firm’s managers and officials in three regulatory authorities. Findings: The study reveals how different types of corrupt exchange between firm managers, officials and intermediaries serve as a problem-solving tool that facilitates material flow through bureaucratic gates. Research limitations/implications: The paper contributes to the industrial marketing and purchasing research by showing how the social capital concept is useful for explicating mechanisms of socioeconomic interaction in business networks and how the interaction context conditions actors’ roles and interdependencies. Practical implications: The paper raises practitioners’ awareness of corrupt exchange in business networks and enables them to anticipate and manage upcoming challenges in bureaucratic procedures. Social implications: The study shows how networks’ non-transparent and manipulative tendencies may provide favourable conditions for corruption in the business landscape. Originality/value: The study provides a unique empirical insight into the socioeconomic mechanisms of corrupt exchange in business networks. It contributes theoretically by conceptualising corrupt officials as taking on the role of quasi-business actors in the personal possession of administrative authority as a resource and by using a novel conceptualisation of social capital to study private–public interaction in business networks.
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| 5. |
- Bondeli, Julia V., et al.
(författare)
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Placing social capital in business networks : conceptualisation and research agenda
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 33:8, s. 1100-1113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This paper aims to refine conceptual treatment of the social facet in business relationships and reinforce its significance in the industrial marketing and purchasing (IMP) research tradition by integrating the concept of social capital in its original interpretation into the actor-resource-activity (ARA) model. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins by indicating some typical conceptual challenges associated with application of social capital in IMP. This is followed by a conceptual clarification that explores the origin and the essence of social capital in economic sociology. Finally, the paper proposes integrating social capital in its original interpretation into IMP's ARA model and presents four propositions on how social capital is created in interaction between business actors. Findings The paper shows how bridging Bourdieu's theory of social capital with the IMP approach may solve the identified conceptual challenges. This paper's main contribution is a cyclical model depicting how social capital is created in business networks. It is integrated into the ARA model and designed specifically for studying the social facet of business relationships. Research limitations/implications The paper is expected to aid IMP researchers in empirical contexts where the social component in business relationships is particularly prominent. As such, the novel approach presented could be used to further understand how social exchange processes are related to relationship governance, relationship initiation and development. Originality/value The proposed model shows how social capital is generated through the dynamic interplay in the social facets of actor, activity and resource dimensions, emphasising its creation dynamics. The model integrates insights from the classic works in economic sociology to strengthen the social side of IMP's socioeconomic interface and is intended to be used as a tool for empirical application.
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| 6. |
- Bondeli, Julia V., et al.
(författare)
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The role of social capital in B2B relationships in russia
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the social aspect of business relationships is a cornerstone in the IMP perspective for studying and analysing business exchange, most IMP studies take the social dimension of business exchange as a given rather than making it the point of departure for investigation. In addition, interaction is foremost presented as a phenomenon on an aggregate organisational level rather than on the personal level of individuals. Investigating the nature of B2B relationships in volatile and unlawful business contexts, such as in Russia, calls for a deepened understanding of the role of the social dimension on the individual level. By the use of a model combining the three layers of business relationships - ARA- with an explication of the social dimension in the form of social capital, this study focuses on the role of the social dimension of business relationships on the individual level. A case study of a Russian SME and six of its key business relationships on both the supplier and customer side indicate two main characteristics of the relationships: 1) individuals matter over firms, and 2) agility in terms of needing to engage in constant problem solving through which social capital is developed and maintained within the relationships. In particular, social capital is shown to play a significant role in building a network of reciprocity in which social obligations are the basis of ”getting things done”.
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| 7. |
- Crespin-Mazet, Florence, et al.
(författare)
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Antecedents of project partnering in the construction industry : The impact of relationship history
- 2015
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 50, s. 4-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims at increasing the understanding of construction partnering and relationships in project marketing by analyzing the impact of previous relationships among project stakeholders on the choice of partnering and of partners. Based on a conceptual framework combining the insights of the Industrial Network Approach with the model of project co-development proposed by Crespin-Mazet and Ghauri (2007), the paper analyzes a focal partnering project and its connections to other projects. It concludes that the context of the relationships seems to influence the customer's selection of partnering and partners. The paper's contributions address the relative importance of the project's functional challenge and relational congruence in the project network on the customer's procurement choice. For a first partnering agreement, this choice seems primarily influenced by the project's functional challenge while the subsequent choice of partners relies on high relational congruence. Once a positive experience of project partnering gained, the customer's choice seems primarily influenced by the relational congruence in the project network so as to harvest previous investments (resource adaptations) made in their relationship with a given partner. The paper highlights several contributions to the construction partnering literature and project marketing literature.
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| 8. |
- Crespin-Mazet, Florence, et al.
(författare)
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Innovating in project-based organizations : patterns of interaction over time
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction sector is often identified as less innovative than other industries due to its project-based character and the lack of long-term relationships (Miozzo and Dewick, 2004; Bygballe et al., 2010). Even though individual projects are viewed as innovative arenas for problem solving and creating new ideas and solutions, the latter are however seldom scaled up and turned into widespread innovations (Winch, 2014). According to the IMP literature, this problem originates from the disconnection between the temporary project environment and the permanent organization of firms: project-led learning and solutions are hard to transfer to the wider organization and hence difficult to turn into business learning (Dubois and Gadde, 2002a; Brady and Davies, 2004; Hartmann and Dorée, 2015). This paper addresses this inherent paradox by focusing on the following research question: How can construction firms capitalize on new ideas and solutions across local and global company levels and their temporary and permanent internal networks in generating new innovations?This paper draws on a critical case (Yin, 2005) in the sense that we use it to “confirm, challenge, or extend” (Yin 2005, p. 40) IMP theory, specifically contributing to innovation in networks (Corsaro et al., 2012). In the case, there are two channels for new idea generation and innovation; one on the local project level and one on the global corporate management level. However, both are “failures” in terms of institutionalization of new knowledge into innovations. The case highlights the mechanisms mobilized by the firm’s staff over a long period (longitudinal perspective) to overcome the disconnections between the local and global firm levels and between its temporary and permanent organizational levels. It highlights insights regarding the structure and dynamics of internal networks and especially the role of individuals in these networks. Due to the role of individuals and group dynamics in managing tensions, we had to expand the conceptual background from IMP and innovation networks to the community-of-practice lens (Wenger, 1998). This process corresponds to an “abductive” approach to research (Dubois and Gadde, 2002b).While IMP studies highlight the key role of interaction and high-involvement relationships in innovation processes both for the emergence of new solutions and for supporting their widespread use, few of these studies provide an in-depth analysis of how these learning and innovation processes transcend different organizational levels. In other words, how new solutions move from the project level to the firm level and vice-versa (Bygballe and Ingemansson, 2014). The community-of-practice literature enables us to dig more deeply in these processes by focusing on the individual and group dynamics (shared identity) and hence provides complementary insights to innovation in networks on the “social fabric” of learning and innovation (Wenger, 1998).The case study is structured around three major paradoxes (Andriopoulos & Lewis, 2018) which emerged during the firm’s internal innovation journey and reveals the way these paradoxes have been handled by local and/or global managers. The first paradox deals with the decision regarding the organizational level driving innovation (local versus global leadership), the second deals with the level of standardization or adaptation of the innovation to enhance its widespread use (adaptation to local context versus standardization); the third relates to the decision regarding autonomy versus control of the firm’s staff in the innovation journey.The results highlight that innovation in construction requires a connecting mechanism between top-down (global firm level) and bottom-up (local firm and project level) processes for idea development to turn into company-wide knowledge and practices. In this regard, communities of practice can play a key role in functioning as “vessels” for ideas and knowledge in both directions. However, while these informal structures are useful in favoring such ideation processes based on informal and emergent mechanisms, they also prove insufficient to turn these innovations into widespread solutions both within and outside the firm. Formal hierarchical structures and business networks are then required facilitate the widespread use of innovations.REFERENCESAndriopoulos & Lewis, (2018), “Exploitation-exploration Tensions and Organizational Ambidexterity: managing paradoxes of Innovation”, Organization Science, Vol.20, n°4, pp696-717Brady, T. and Davies, A. (2004), “Building project capabilities, from exploratory to exploitative learning”, Organization Studies, Vol. 29 No. 9, pp. 1601-1621.Bygballe, L., Jahre, M., Swärd, A., 2010, Partnering relationships in construction: A literature review, Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 16, 239-253.Bygballe, L. and Ingemansson, M. (2014) The Logic of Innovation in Construction, Industrial Marketing Management, 43:3, pp. 512-524Corsaro, D, Ramos, C, Henneberg, S. and Naude, P. (2012), “The impact of network configurations on value constellations in business markets – The case of an innovation network”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 41, 54-67.Dubois, A., & Gadde, L. E. (2002a). The construction industry as a loosely coupled system: implications for productivity and innovation. Construction Management & Economics, 20 (7), 621-631.Dubois, A. and Gadde, L. -E. (2002b), “Systematic combining: An abductive approach to case research”, Journal of Business Research, vol. 55, p. 553–560.Hartmann, A. and Dorée, A. (2015), “Learning between projects: More than sending messages in bottles”, International journal of project management, Vol. 33 No. 2, pp. 341-351.Miozzo, M. and Dewick, P. (2004), Innovation in Construction. A European Analysis, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham.Patton, M. Q. 2002. Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning and identity. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Winch, G. M. (2014). Three domains of project organising. International Journal of Project Management, 32(5), 721-731.Yin, R. 2005. Case Study Research. Design and Methods. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Crespin-Mazet, Florence, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking the theory-practice divide : How academia-industry collaboration contributes to theorising
- 2021
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 92, s. 277-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the literature on academia-industry collaboration highlights the challenges linked to the theory-practice divide, it only partially addresses the heterogeneous nature of the knowledge produced and the scope of the theorising process. Based on an exemplary case, this paper suggests that academia-industry collaboration is a useful but insufficient platform for academic and managerial theorising. Its key contributions include: 1) a model depicting a total knowledge development process enlarging the scope of collective theorising beyond the dyad and the co-production of knowledge resources; 2) envisioning this collaboration as a relationship with evolving roles and interaction patterns; and 3) shedding new light on the theory-practice divide and the idea of knowledge relevance.
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| 12. |
- Crespin-Mazet, F., et al.
(författare)
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The diffusion of innovation in project-based firms – linking the temporary and permanent levels of organisation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 36:9, s. 1692-1705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to address the problematic yet under-researched issue of the disconnectedness of the temporary and permanent levels of organisation in project-based firms in terms of learning and innovation diffusion. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a longitudinal case study of a pioneering French construction firm introducing the partnering method in France. Based on an abductive approach, the analytical framework combines insights of the literature on community and networks of practice to investigate the processes and mechanisms of diffusion of innovation in project-based firms. Findings: The function of semi-permanent organisational levels in connecting the temporary and permanent levels of the firm – the communities of practice (CoPs) and network of practice (NoP) exists besides the formal organization of the firm. As a social learning process, innovation diffusion involves both formal (i.e. vertical) and informal (i.e. horizontal) forms of organising and learning. Intermediary and informal ways of organising enables the embedding of innovation both in terms of content and connections. Foremost, CoPs/NoPs contribute to relational embeddedness. Boundary actors and objects are essential in crossing the different levels of embeddedness to overcome the learning boundaries between temporary projects and the permanent firm. Research limitations/implications: The investigation is built on a single case study and further empirical research is needed, preferably longitudinal case studies, as this allows greater capture of the diffusion process. The authors suggest further studies using practice-based perspectives to capture the formal and informal ways of organising innovation diffusion. Practical implications: Managerial interventions should favour the development of the informal dynamics of community and networks to foster both innovation and its diffusion. The managerial challenge lies in creating the right prerequisites for the existence of both the informal community logics of organising and the formal top management decision-making, and to orchestrate their timing in the diffusion process. Social implications: The study reveals the importance of both formal and informal networks in driving innovation. As such, project-based firms should be aware of these dynamics when striving for change. Originality/value: The study contributes to the literatures on diffusion of innovation, project marketing and construction management. It includes new insights related to the function of intermediary and informal organisational levels of project-based organisations, the dynamics and connection between the temporary and permanent levels of the project-based firm related to communities and networks of practice, and the boundary spanning activities that are involved between the formal and informal levels of the firm.
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| 13. |
- Crespin-Mazet, Florence, et al.
(författare)
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The innovation journey in construction : considering the connecting role of communities and networks of practice
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction sector is often identified as a less innovative than other industries, due to its project-based character and the lack of-term relationships. This impacts how actors interact, learn and innovate over time. Even though projects are innovative arenas for new ideas and solutions, they are scaled up and turned into widespread innovations. This problem is deemed to originate from the disconnection between the temporary project environment and the permanent organisation of firms: project-led learning and solutions are hard to transfer to the wider organisation of the firm and hence, to turn into business-learning. This paper addresses this inherent paradox by focusing on the following research question: how can construction firms capitalize on new ideas and solutions across the local and global company levels and their temporary andpermanent networks in generating innovations?
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| 14. |
- Ekeskär, Andreas, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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A Strategizing Perspective on New Logistics Setups in Construction Projects
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last decade clients and municipalities have started to implement construction logistics setups outsourced to third-party logistics providers in order to reduce the impact of construction projects on the surrounding society and environment. The focus of this paper is to investigate strategizing efforts and effects in project contexts depending on particular logistics setups. This is investigated through a comparative case study of two projects that utilize mandatory construction logistics setups for all involved actors. The cases are analyzed based on the industrial network approach using the ARA (Activities-Resources-Actors) model in order to assess and discuss the interactive nature of the initiating actors’ strategizing efforts of re-modelling the activities and resources of established construction actors, such as contractors. The results show that the initiating actors outsource to third-party actors not primarily related to the industry and focus on general motivations for implementing the construction logistics setups rather than on how the individual project actors are affected.
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| 15. |
- Ekeskär, Andreas, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Construction logistics in a multi-project context: coopetition among main contractors and the role of third-party logistics providers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Construction Management and Economics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0144-6193 .- 1466-433X. ; 40:1, s. 25-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a part of supply chain management (SCM) initiatives to improve performance and productivity in construction projects, the use of construction logistics setups (CLSs) operated by third-party logistics (TPL) providers have increased. CLSs are often used in complex multi-project contexts, such as urban development districts, where extensive coordination of actors, resources, and activities is needed. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to investigate how main contractors engage in horizontal relationships with each other when coordinating activities and resources within and across projects in a multi-project context, and to investigate what role a TPL provider assumes when engaging in relationships with main contractors in a multi-project context. The findings are based on a case study of an urban development district with a mandatory TPL-operated CLS, and we apply the industrial network approach. In this multi-project context, the main contractors engage in coopetitive relationships, coordinating activities and resources within and across projects. The TPL provider coordinates actors, resources, and activities, facilitating smoother production by managing logistics and mediating coopetitive relationships. This can be understood as a multi-project coordination role and extends the role SCM can play in construction. In that role, a TPL provider can minimise tensions between coopetitive actors across a multitude of horizontal relationships and projects.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Havenvid Ingemansson, Malena, et al.
(författare)
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When construction projects are to satisfy health care needs - partnering as a way of connecting the two?
- 2019
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Ingår i: The 35th IMP Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the construction industry the intention with partnering is that it should facilitate closer interaction between the client and the project organisation and particularly assist the contractor-client communication. In the Scandinavian countries, a number of high-technology hospitals are currently being planned for and being built through partnering agreements with intentions of providing modern health care supported by advanced medical technology. Health care represents a complex structure of actors, resources and activities that are to be coordinated toward the purpose of providing relevant and consistent care services to individuals over time. The remaining project organisation embodies construction-related organisations that represent a temporarily organised constellation of actors, resources and activities in the design, production and delivery of the building. Thus, as construction “meets” health care in a construction project, there are very different requirements that are to be fulfilled; that of gaining benefits from temporarily organising around a construction project and that of having a facility that supports complex care processes over time. The differences in requirements in turn rests on the different logics of on the one hand temporary and on the other hand permanent organisations of a different set of activities, resources and actors. Through the industrial network approach (INA) we outline the interactions taking place between key actors in a large health care construction project practicing partnering in Sweden, and investigate how partnering affects the communication of these different logics in play. How is the interaction coloured by these different requirements and logics during the different project phases, and what is the role of partnering in creating a favourable setting for useful interaction?
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| 19. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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A Resource Perspective on the Long-term Effects of project Partnering
- 2020
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Ingår i: Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM 2020 - Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Project partnering has become an all the more established form for client-contractor collaboration. Although a well-reported phenomenon in the construction management literature, most studies focus on partnering practices in single projects and the immediate effects for the directly involved actors. Few investigations have studied the long-term effects of partnering, including both directly involved project actors and indirectly affected actors in relation to the constructed assets. If partnering is meant to enhance the quality of constructed assets, it should also improve their ability to support user activities. With the purpose of exploring the long-term effects of partnering in relation to interrelated projects and the various users of the constructed assets, the following research question is posed: what are the direct and indirect effects of project partnering on a long-term basis? To scrutinize this, a longitudinal case study covers a series of projects involving the same key actors and the subsequent operations of one of the constructed assets-a first of its kind proton radiation clinic in the Nordic countries. By mapping the involved actors’ resources across the projects and within a larger health care system, various effects are traced. A key conclusion is that the actors directly involved in partnering have the opportunity to reap several benefits from joint resource development within and across projects, while the actors using the constructed asset struggle in relating the developed resources within the projects to resources of the wider permanent context of the building in use.
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| 20. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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Economic deals in the construction industry : Implications for socio-material interaction and monetary processes
- 2016
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Ingår i: The IMP Journal. - 2059-1403 .- 0809-7259. ; 10:3, s. 364-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social-material interaction and the monetary aspects of business relationships in the construction industry. The authors term the formal financial agreements necessary for such activities "deals", and this paper seeks to open a research avenue to further investigate the multifaceted interaction processes among business actors. The construction industry is a suitable empirical setting for this purpose; its project-based character and societal position of linking business with the construction of essential community infrastructure imply that different types of money-handling activities need to be managed continuously with both short-term and long-term effects taken into account. Design/methodology/approach - To investigate the deals, i.e., the interface between socio-material interaction and the money-handling processes in the construction industry, as well as studying the potential interrelatedness of deals, the authors performed a case study involving three interrelated housing projects in Uppsala, Sweden. Findings - The study shows that deals do not only have an intricate relationship to the social-material interaction processes among construction actors, but they also become interrelated in specific ways to form "deal structures" as actors engage in different business relationships over time. This means, for instance, that a single deal can enable several other deals, and involved actors have different abilities in performing deals. Hence, most deals are part of a "broader" interaction pattern of social and material resources spanning the organizational borders of individual companies. Originality/value - Within the industrial marketing and purchasing, the socio-material interaction among actors has been well studied, but less attention has been paid to the monetary dimension and its relationship to the socio-material interaction processes. In particular, this study provides an understanding of monetary agreements in the construction industry.
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| 21. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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HOW TO MAKE USE OF INTERDEPENDENCIES IN A FRAGMENTED BUSINESS LANDSCAPE : INFORMATION GATHERING IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional theory on innovation claims that while incremental innovation can be handled through internal effort and co-ordination with suppliers and customers, radical innovation is achieved using what Weick (1976) calls “weak links”. Within the industrial networks paradigm, it is likewise observed that learning and innovation can be effects of long-term relationships (e.g. Håkansson, 1987; Håkansson and Waluszewski, 2007). Thus, innovation and product development can and do benefit from long-term relationships. In a larger research project, the authors will try to trace how industrial networks theory can be developed to discuss and explain radical innovation. The main goal is to create a model, and explore whether it can be used to corroborate Weick’s suppositions. This article is the first one resulting from this project, and an empirical investigation has been used to develop a model illustrating how the involved actors use their relationships to find and use knowledge about solutions that are, if not entirely radical, at least not used very often by the actors involved.Methodologically, the authors have chosen a case approach. This is appropriate for this type of exploratory studies (Yin, 1994). Using theoretical sampling, the authors chose the construction industry for their case study. The construction industry presents itself as the extreme case of a fragmented business landscape in terms of the major part of all activities being confined to temporary projects and there is also a high degree of specialisation (Winch, 2010). Firms are highly dependent on each other in this industry, but business interaction is confined to short and intense periods of separate projects (e.g. Dubois and Gadde, 2000). As such, the construction industry has been referred to as a “loosely coupled system” (Dubois and Gadde, 2002), but in contrast to Weick’s hypothesis it has been indicated to lessen its productivity and innovativeness. Thus, the theoretical assumption made is that if use of relationships can be shown within such an “inhospitable” industry, they must be an important phenomenon.Within the construction industry, the authors have studied two specific construction projects. Both are construction of wards for psychiatric institutions. These are buildings, which are built very seldom, and they contain a lot of specially adapted solutions and products that the construction-related organisations (firms and public actors) are not used to handling. Thus, the involved organisations are required to reach out to different sources of information and knowledge in order to be able to complete their contracts. Through a total of 26 semi-structured interviews with involved actors and divided evenly between the two projects, the authors have gathered data on how the actors have been involved in accomplishing this search and adaptation work. It is data from these interviews that constitute the empirical base for the analysis.Analytically, we have tried to divide the involved actors into broader groups of actors by their role in the construction project. We have then registered every expression related to the individual actors’ acquisition of knowledge about specialised solutions and products which may or may not be inside their own organization, and systematized these data. From these raw data, we have built a model of where the different actor groups reach out to obtain knowledge.The results show that one actor, a government coordinating company (Sykehusbygg) has a central role in providing research-based knowledge and spreading it around in the network of participating actors. This was not surprising, since the governmental body was created to perform such a coordinating role. Moreover, the results also provide examples of actors reaching out to suppliers, colleagues in other companies and to other sources of knowledge. Finally, some actors solely rely on their internal knowledge and expertise in order to develop the required solutions and products for the project. We summarise the different types of actors and try to build a model illustrating where relevant information existed and which actors brought it into the projects. ReferencesDubois, A. and Gadde, L.E. (2000), Supply strategy and network effects – purchasing behaviour in the construction industry, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 6, pp. 207-215.Dubois, A. and Gadde, L-E. (2002), The construction industry as a loosely coupled system: implications for productivity and innovation. Construction Management and Economics, 20, pp. 621–631.Håkansson, H. (1987) Industrial Technological Development: A Network Approach, London: Croom Helm.Håkansson, H. & Waluszewski, A., eds. (2007) Knowledge and Innovation in Business and Industry –The importance of using others, London: RoutledgeWeick (1976) Educational organisations as loosely coupled systems, Administrative Science Quarterly, 21(1), pp. 1-19. Vol. 21 Winch, G. (2010) Managing Construction Projects. Wiley-Blackwell. Yin, R. (1994) Case Study Research: Design and Methods (2nd edition), Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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Kunskapsintegration i sjukhusprojekt : Lärdomar från fyra samverkansprojekt och färdplan framåt
- 2022
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- För ett decennium sedan inleddes det som ofta kallas ”den andra sjukhusvågen” med syftet att modernisera Sveriges befintliga sjukhusbestånd, uppfört under framför allt 70-och 80-talen. Dessa moderniserade sjukhus inrymmer ny medicinsk teknik och ska kunna möta både nutida och framtida utmaningar såsom en åldrande befolkning, multisjuka patienter, antibiotikaresistens och smittspridning. En central fråga inom alla byggprojekt, men inte minst i sjukhusprojekt, är hur den kunskap som krävs från ett flertal olika aktörer såsom byggherre, byggentreprenörer, vårdverksamhet, och olika tekniska discipliner ska integreras för byggprocessens, slutproduktens och skattebetalarnas bästa. Den kunskapsintegration som krävs innefattar både kunskapsutbyte mellan aktörer och en gemensam kunskapsutveckling i skapandet av nya hållbara lösningar. Erfarenhetsåterföring mellan projekt och enskilda organisationer är också av stor betydelse för att åstadkomma en systemisk kunskapsuppbyggnad över tid. De större sjukhusprojekt som har genomförts har ofta upphandlats som samverkansprojekt och därför omfattar studien även hur samverkan som arbetsform påverkar kunskapsintegration i sjukhusprojekt.För att förstå dagens decentraliserade struktur av hälso- och sjukvårdsystemet samt hur det påverkar moderniseringen av det befintliga sjukhusbeståndet, tar studien ett historiskt avstamp i den centraliserade kunskapshantering som rådde under ”den första sjukhusvågen” genom Sjukvårdens och socialvårdens planerings- och rationaliseringsinstitut (SPRI). Genom en fallstudie av fyra sjukhusprojekt baserad på intervjuer och platsbesök samt flera workshops med erfarna branschrepresentanter har studiens mål varit att påvisa den effektivisering av byggprocessen som är möjlig för byggherrar och entreprenörer i sjukhusprojekt genom effektivare kunskapsintegration och erfarenhetsåterföring. I detta ingår hur samverkan mellan byggherre och entreprenör samt andra nyckelaktörer bidrar till dessa förutsättningar. Studien fokuserar på genomförandeskedet, men beaktar hur förutsättningar som skapats i tidiga skeden påverkar genomförandet. Studien fokuserar specifikt på att identifiera och analysera:1) vilken typ av kunskap som används och integreras av olika projektaktörer 2) hur samverkan i projekt påverkar kunskapsintegration 3) hur erfarenhetsåterföring till organisationerna genomförs inom och mellan projekt 4) möjligheter för kunskapsuppbyggnad kring vårdbyggandet över tidStudiens resultat omfattar tio huvudsakliga slutsatser som har konsekvenser för effektiv kunskapsintegration och erfarenhetsåterföring på projekt-, organisations- och systemnivå, där systemnivån motsvarar de olika aktörer som i ett ömsesidigt beroende är relaterade till vårdbyggandet i Sverige. Slutsatserna visar att: 1) sjukhusprojekt bygger på en integration av en mängd olika slags kunskapsbärare 2) erfarenhet och medvetenhet hos byggherre och huvudentreprenör har stor betydelse för byggprocessen, samverkansprocessen och slutprodukten 3) specialistkunskaper hos arkitekter, tekniska konsulter och installatörer är centrala och hur och när dessa integreras i processen har stor betydelse 4) det krävs aktiv styrning av hur, när och vilka verksamhetsrepresentanter som involveras och i vilken grad 5) återkommande relationer är viktiga kunskapsbärare 6) standarder och föreskrifter för vårdbyggnader är en viktig utgångspunkt men användandet av dessa kräver erfarenhet för att kunna anpassas till det specifika projektet 7) samverka är en kunskap och kompetens i sig, dvs. förmågan att kunna praktisera samverkan 8) gemensamt framtagna och projektspecifika organiserings- och styrningsprinciper har en positiv påverkan på hur samverkan upplevs och därmed den fortsatta viljan att samverka 9) olika affärsmodeller påverkar incitamentsstrukturen, vilket i sin tur påverkar genomförandet och utfallet av samverkan 10) ett silobaserat förhållningssätt hos de enskilda aktörerna begränsar möjligheterna till erfarenhetsåterföring och kunskapsutveckling över tid kring vårdbyggandet på projekt-, organisations-, och systemnivå. Det finns därmed ett stort behov av att i större utsträckning dela erfarenheter mellan byggprocessens olika aktörer och mellan regionerna. Behovet av kunskapsdelande arenor på systemnivå, oberoende av specifika projekt, är skriande stort och nödvändigt för att tillvarata sjukhusfastigheters systemiska karaktär som sammankopplade noder i ett större vårdsystem av olika vårdgivare. Det är just i beaktande av planering av sjukhusfastigheter utifrån ett sådant systemiskt perspektiv som det finns ett behov av vidare forskning, dvs. vidare studier av regionernas planeringsprocesser, behovet av större interregional koordinering samt hur detta påverkar fastighetsförvaltarnas byggherreroll i olika sjukhusprojekt. Rapportens resultat konkretiseras i den färdplan som tagits fram för att effektivisera kunskapsintegration i sjukhusprojekt och som riktar sig till olika aktörer, yrkesroller och befattningar relaterade till vårdbyggandet antingen genom medverkan i projekt, en funktion på central organisationsnivå och/eller genom involvering på systemnivå. Med utgångspunkt i ett antal utmaningar identifierar färdplanen fyra nyckelområden: Behov av kunskap i upphandling, Organisering och styrning i byggprocessen, Samverkan på riktigt, och Kunskapsuppbyggnad. En effektivisering av kunskapsintegration möjliggörs om: kunskap och kompetens kring vårdbyggnation tas tillvara i upphandlingsförfarandet, byggprocessens organisering och styrning reglerar när och hur relevant kunskap används, samverkan praktiseras på riktigt utifrån att parterna kan och vill lösa uppgiften tillsammans, nyvunnen kunskap tillvaratas och erfarenheter återförs som en del i kunskapsuppbyggnad över tid. Varje nyckelområde innehåller ett antal centrala hållpunkter och ett samspel mellan dessa genererar en spiraleffekt där kunskapen som omsätts på projekt-, organisations- och systemnivå skapar en kollektiv kunskapsuppbyggnad över tid.
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| 24. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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Managing renewal in fragmented business networks
- 2016
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Ingår i: The IMP Journal. - 2059-1403 .- 0809-7259. ; 10:1, s. 81-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The authors argue that the construction industry is characterised by a fragmented business context with three main features: the project-based character, the strong focus on price in all parts of the supply chain along with the great importance of suppliers. This fragmentation has been identified as problematic for the industry's ability to innovate and engage in renewal. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this further by focusing on how construction companies manage renewal in a fragmented business context.Design/methodology/approach - The authors use an in-depth case study of a housing project in Sweden to discuss how firms manage renewal in a fragmented type of business environment. The authors identify the challenge of achieving renewal in an individual construction company as an issue of handling intra- and inter-organisational issues in both intra- and inter-project environments.Findings - The case study indicates that renewal can be partly handled and managed through long-term business relationships and partly through opening up to new business relationships. Moreover, innovations and learning developed in other projects can be used in the focal project, and due to a repetitive task it is possible for the construction company to use a core network of individuals and organisations to enhance overall renewal among actors.Research limitations/implications - The study needs to be supported by further empirical observations. The paper encourages IMP scholars to further investigate projects from an industrial network approach.Practical implications - The study shows that the internal resources of firms can be used systematically to create continuity in a multi-project organisation, and that relationships can be used to bridge learning and innovation among actors across projects.Originality/value - The paper addresses why firms in fragmented (project-based) businesses might struggle with achieving renewal in a novel way by outlining and investigating four organisational challenges they must handle.
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| 25. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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Renewal in construction projects : tracing effects of client requirements
- 2016
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Ingår i: Construction Management and Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0144-6193 .- 1466-433X. ; 34:11, s. 790-807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies identify clients as important drivers of innovation in the construction industry. How clients contribute to innovation is however less investigated. In two case studies of health care construction projects, we investigate how client requirements create renewal in the form of intra- as well as inter-project effects. Using an inter-organizational framework of actors, resources and activities (the ARA model), it is possible to identify a variation of effects. The paper concludes that both client requirements and their associated renewal effects are results of interaction in time as well as space. Renewal effects crossing individual projects are dependent on relationships among two or more actors that continue to interact in subsequent projects. In addition, these effects relate to several dimensions of interaction and include how actors relate in new ways, how resources are combined and how activities are organized. Thus, by adopting an interactive perspective, it is possible to reveal how construction clients can contribute to renewal such as innovation and learning, directly and indirectly, within and across projects. Finally, we suggest that managers need to consider the role of long-term business relationships in achieving increased renewal in construction.
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| 26. |
- Havenvid, Malena Ingemansson, et al.
(författare)
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The value of BIM in a healthcare construction project : a multi-actor perspective
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Construction projects constitute a highly complex and fragmented project environment where a variety of stakeholders are forced to interact and collaborate during the various phases of the project process. In enhancing collaboration and communication among project stakeholders Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been identified as important tool, however the implementation and use of BIM as a collaborative tool has been more difficult and time-consuming than anticipated. The aim of the study is to investigate how various project stakeholders perceive the value of BIM in a large construction project by using and applying the Industrial Network Approach (INA). An in-depth case study of a Swedish healthcare project was performed through interviews with main stakeholders of the project. The results indicate that each stakeholder perceives the value of BIM from their own perspective and role in the project. The perceived value of BIM is closely connected to the changes and adjustments that each stakeholder have to do in order to use BIM; for some stakeholders BIM cause an increased work load, while for others’ BIM facilitated their work processes. The diverging perspectives of the value of BIM and the associated changes among the various project stakeholders provide a deeper understanding to why the implementation and use of BIM is challenging.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Lingegård, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Circular Public Procurement through Integrated Contracts in the Infrastructure Sector
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public clients’ procurement strategies are central in facilitating innovation towards sustainability. In the infrastructure sector, the three main project activities—design, production, and maintenance—are traditionally not procured in an integrated way, which results in sub-optimizations and a lack of life cycle perspective. As project actors are accustomed to traditional, non-integrated forms of contract, implementing integrated contracts imposes fundamental changes to the interdependencies among actors, resources, and activities. This study analyzes the interfaces among key project actors and the related interdependencies across design, production, and maintenance in Design–Build–Maintain contracts, and initiates a discussion on how to manage these interdependencies when implementing integrated contracts. This study of circular public procurement (CPP) focused on three infrastructure projects using integrated contracting and applied the industrial network approach (INA) to analyze interdependencies in how they may influence innovation and sustainable development. The study found significant obstacles to clients obtaining the benefits of integrated contracting and concludes that understanding interdependencies is necessary to implement integrated contracts successfully. The study contributes to the construction management literature by adapting the INA to contracting, and to the CPP literature by providing empirical evidence of sustainability and circularity in infrastructure projects.
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| 31. |
- Molén, Jessica, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating knowledge of building operation and use into Swedish municipal school planning
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to population growth and aged existing facilities, many Swedish municipalities need to make substantial investments in school facilities over the coming years. Previous research has established that integrating knowledge of both users and building operations and maintenance (O&M) into project planning may significantly reduce lifecycle costs and improve user functionality. This study investigates how and to what extent knowledge related to use and operation of a facility is transferred to and integrated in design phases of municipal school building processes. Interviews were performed with representatives for the client/user, O&M, construction project management and procurement in three Swedish municipalities. The study found a trend towards codification, but also that knowledge transfer and sharing between departments and project organizations was difficult. The ability to bring in user and O&M knowledge in a systematic way was influenced by meta-level governance capabilities in a municipality. Future research should address mechanisms for knowledge transfer on this meta-level.
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| 32. |
- Qiu, Xinlu, et al.
(författare)
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Open for business : Towards an interactive view on dynamic capabilities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 107, s. 148-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theories of business relationships and networks suggest that a firm's relationships with other organizations matter for its performance and survival (Hakansson & Snehota, 1995). Inspired by business relationship and network perspectives, we expand Teece's (2007) dynamic capabilities model and develop an interactive dynamic capabilities framework with three pairs of capabilities: sensing and being sensed, seizing and being seized, and reconfiguring and being reconfigured. Conducting process data analysis of two cases, we shed light on how firms can change and enhance their business performance through the three pairs of interactive dynamic capabilities. The framework adds to the theory of dynamic capabilities by conceptualizing how they can operate across firm boundaries, in inter-organizational relationships, networks or ecosystems populated by many organizations involved actively, and interactively, in sensing, seizing and reconfiguring themselves and each other.
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| 33. |
- Sofia, Wagrell, et al.
(författare)
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VALUE CREATION OF A HOSPITAL IN USE
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper applies the Resource Interaction Approach, utilizing the 4Rs model and the three settings of developing-producing-using to address how to create value of hospitals in use. With starting point in a new cancer treatment facility this case study shows that in the developing and producing settings, little attention is given to the central resources that decides upon the value of the hospital facility when in use.
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| 34. |
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The Connectivity of Innovation in the Construction Industry
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The construction industry is currently experiencing accelerating developments concerning societal demands along with project complexity, internationalization and digitalization. In an attempt to grasp the consequences of these demands on productivity and innovation, this edited book addresses how innovation is likely to take place with a more long-term perspective on the construction sector. While existing literature focuses on organizational discontinuity and fragmentation as the main reasons for the apparent lack of innovation in the industry, this book highlights the connectivity of construction actors, resources and activities as fundamental for understanding how innovation takes place.Through 15 empirically grounded chapters, the book shows how innovation is part of construction processes on various levels, including project, firm and industry, and that these innovation processes are characterized by organizational and technological connectivity over time. Written by European business management scholars, the chapters cover empirical cases and examples from both a multi-organizational and a multi-international perspective in terms of covering the viewpoints of different industry actors and the contexts of several different European countries including: Sweden, Norway, the UK, Italy, France, Hungary and Poland. By illustrating how connectivity is part of innovation processes in the creation of single-product innovations, of various innovations within and across projects, as well as a fundamental aspect of the processes in which innovations cross nations, the book provides a new angle on how to understand construction innovation and where the industry might (or needs to) be heading next. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in construction management, project management, engineering management, innovation studies, business and management studies.
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| 35. |
- Wagrell, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Building sustainable hospitals : A resource interaction perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 106, s. 420-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to a growing influence of patients, higher specialisation, technological advancement and the need to provide care services more efficiently, the issue of sustainability in healthcare has gained prominence. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the social and economic sustainability of healthcare are dependent on interconnecting resources across organisational borders and in different settings over time. Adopting a product development process perspective, the paper explores the gap between a planned healthcare facility and how it actually came to be used, through a longitudinal case study of the Skandion clinic, a small, highly specialised, hospital in Sweden. The findings suggests that integration of healthcare resources over time is central to achieve social and economic sustainability goals. The results hereby contend the prevailing view of hospitals as inde-pendent organisational units and highlights the need for more holistic analyses of sustainability in healthcare. Analyses which take into account the complex interdependencies stretching across networks of interconnected facilities and organisational units.
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