| 1. |
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| 2. |
- He, Yuping, et al.
(författare)
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An Automated Design Method for Active Trailer Steering Systems of Articulated Heavy Vehicles
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Mechanical Design - Transactions of the ASME. - : ASME International. - 1050-0472. ; 134:4, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important design decision for active trailer steering (ATS) systems for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) is the trade-off between maneuverability and lateral stability. This paper presents an automated design method for this trade-off. The proposed method has the following features: (1) a design framework for bilevel optimization of ATS systems is formulated; (2) design variables of ATS controllers and trailers are optimized simultaneously; (3) two controllers are designed for the ATS system for improving stability and enhancing maneuverability, respectively; and (4) a driver model is introduced in the virtual vehicle simulation for closed-loop testing maneuvers. The design framework allows automation of vehicle modeling, controller construction, performance evaluation, and design variable selection, and all required design processes are implemented in a single loop. The proposed method is compared to a previously published two-loop design method, showing that the new approach can effectively identify desired variables and predict performance envelopes.
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| 3. |
- He, Yuping, et al.
(författare)
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An automated design synthesis method for multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Vehicle Performance. - 1745-3208. ; 1:2, s. 183 - 204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an automated design synthesis method for multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles (MTAHVs) to coordinate the trade-off between the manoeuvrability and stability. Conventionally, the design synthesis of MTAHVs is based on trial and error approaches. This is difficult, time-consuming and tedious. To tackle this problem, a design method is proposed. The method has the following features: 1) vehicle modelling, performance evaluation, and design selection are implemented by computers; 2) a MTAHV model is introduced in the design optimisation; 3) in the closed-loop simulation, testing manoeuvres are emulated such that a driver model 'drives' the virtual MTAHV to follow a predefined trajectory. To test the method, the combination of a tractor and two semitrailers are optimised. It is indicated that the conflicting criteria of manoeuvrability and stability can be simultaneously improved. The approach may identify desired design variables and predict performance envelopes in early design stages of MTAHVs.
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| 4. |
- He, Yuping, et al.
(författare)
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An Integrated Design Method for Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Trailer Steering Systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems. - : SAE International. - 1946-3995 .- 1946-4002. ; 3:1, s. 158-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an integrated design method for active trailer steering (ATS) systems of articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs). Of all contradictory design goals of AHVs, two of them, i.e. path-following at low speeds and lateral stability at high speeds, may be the most fundamental and important, which have been bothering vehicle designers and researchers. To tackle this problem, a new design synthesis approach is proposed: with design optimization techniques, the active design variables of ATS systems and passive design variables of trailers can be optimized simultaneously; the ATS controller derived from this approach has two operational modes, one for improving lateral stability at high speeds and the other for enhancing path-following at low speeds. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, it is applied to the design of an ATS system for an AHV with a tractor and a full trailer. Simulation results illustrate that compared with the baseline vehicle, the one derived from the design synthesis approach decreases low-speed off-tracking by 35.2% and reduces high-speed rearward amplification ratio by 30.0%. The proposed approach may be used for identifying desired design variables and predicting performance envelopes in the early design stages of AHVs with ATS systems.
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| 5. |
- Hu, Yuping, et al.
(författare)
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LM-SVM-DT Based Working State Recognition for Washing Machine's Audio Signal
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Applications, ICAICA 2022. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 550-554
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to make a reasonable and effective judgment on the quality inspection and fault diagnosis of intelligent electrical appliances, this paper proposes a method of working state recognition for washing machine based on audio signal, named as LM-SVM-DT. The whole working process of the washing machine is divided into four basic states: water intake, soaking, washing and dehydration. The Log-mel features of the audio signal after bandpass filtering are extracted and modeled by the decision tree classification method based on SVM. That is, soaking and non-soaking states are separated at first, then washing and non-washing states are separated in non-soaking states, and finally water intake and dehydration states are separated in non-washing states. Taking the standard-washing-mode of a certain type of washing machine as an example to verify the algorithm, the experimental results show that the state recognition rate is as high as 0.9920. The results show that the model proposed in this paper is effective and feasible.
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| 6. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A closed-loop dynamic simulation-based design method for articulated heavy vehicles with active trailer steering systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vehicle System Dynamics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-5159 .- 0042-3114. ; 50:5, s. 675-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a closed-loop dynamic simulation-based design method for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) with active trailer steering (ATS) systems. AHVs have poor manoeuvrability at low speeds and exhibit low lateral stability at high speeds. From the design point of view, there exists a trade-off relationship between AHVs’ manoeuvrability and stability. For example, fewer articulation points and longer wheelbases will improve high-speed lateral stability, but they will degrade low-speed manoeuvrability. To tackle this conflicting design problem, a systematic method is proposed for the design of AHVs with ATS systems. In order to evaluate vehicle performance measures under a well-defined testing manoeuvre, a driver model is introduced and it ‘drivers’ the vehicle model to follow a prescribed route at a given speed. Considering the interactions between the mechanical trailer and the ATS system, the proposed design method simultaneously optimises the active design variables of the controllers and passive design variables of the trailer in a single design loop (SDL). Through the design optimisation of an ATS system for an AHV with a truck and a drawbar trailer combination, this SDL method is compared against a published two design loop method. The benchmark investigation shows that the former can determine better trade-off design solutions than those derived by the latter. This SDL method provides an effective approach to automatically implement the design synthesis of AHVs with ATS systems.
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| 7. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of multi-trailer articulated heavy-vehicle models
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. - : SAGE Publications. - 2041-2991 .- 0954-4070. ; , s. 1-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides valuable guidelines on the selection of dynamic vehicle models for control algorithm development, design optimization and linear stability analysis for multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles with active safety systems. The validation of yaw-plane and yaw–roll models of a tractor–two-semitrailer combination using the TruckSim software package is presented in this paper. A linear four-degree-of-freedom yaw-plane model and a linear seven-degree-of-freedom yaw–roll model of the vehicle were generated, compared and evaluated. The linear models of the multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicle yield numerical simulation results which are validated by comparing with those obtained from the corresponding non-linear TruckSim model. This paper also includes eigenvalue and frequency-response analysis of the linear models to estimate the unstable motion modes and to predict the unique dynamic features of the multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicle in the frequency domain. A benchmark investigation of the models was performed to examine the fidelity, the complexity and the applicability of the linear models.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A Parallel Design Optimization Method for Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Safety Systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems. - 1741-5152 .- 1744-232X. ; 20:4, s. 327-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a parallel design optimisation method for Articulated Heavy Vehicles (AHVs) with Active Safety Systems (ASSs). In previous studies, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied to the design synthesis of AHVs and the objective function evaluations are computationally expensive. From a design point of view, the most challenging task is to deal with the trade-off relationship between unstable motion modes at high speeds and manoeuvrability at low speeds. To tackle the problem, a parallel computation technique with a master-slave system is proposed for the design of AVHs with ASSs. Active Trailer Steering (ATS), Differential Braking (DB) and Anti-Roll (AR) sub-systems are combined in an integrated ASS. Considering the interaction between the mechanical trailer and ASS, the proposed design method simultaneously optimises the active design variables of the controllers and passive design variables of the trailers in a single design loop using the masterslave computing system. The proposed method provides an effective approach to the design synthesis of AHVs with ASSs using a parallel computation technique.
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| 10. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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An Optimal Preview Controller for Active Trailer Steering Systems of Articulated Heavy Vehicles
- 2011
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Ingår i: SAE 2011 World Congress & Exhibition. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An optimal preview controller is designed for active trailer steering (ATS) systems to improve high-speed stability of articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs). AHVs' unstable motion modes, including jack-knifing and rollover, are the leading course of highway accidents. To prevent these unstable motion modes, the optimal controller, namely the compound lateral position deviation preview (CLPDP) controller, is proposed to control the steering of the front and rear axle wheels of the trailing unit of a truck/full-trailer combination. The corrective steering angle of the trailer front axle wheels is determined using the preview information of the lateral position deviation of the trajectory of the axle center from that of the truck front axle center. In turn, the steering angle of the trailer rear axle wheels is calculated considering the lateral position deviation of the trajectory of the axle center from that of the trailer front axle. To evaluate the vehicle performance measure, a driver model is introduced and it ‘derives’ the vehicle model based on well-defined testing specifications. The linear quadratic regular (LQR) technique is applied to the design of the proposed preview control scheme in the continuous time domain. The numerical simulation results show that compared with the baseline vehicle, the dynamic performance of the AHV with the ATS system is improved by decreasing rearward amplification ratio from the baseline value of 1.57 to 0.83 and reducing transient off-tracking by 80.6%.
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| 11. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Automated Design Synthesis of Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Trailer Steering Systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, 12th International Conference on Advanced Vehicle and Tire Technologies; 4th International Conference on Micro- and Nanosystems Montreal, Quebec, Canada, August 15–18, 2010. - 9780791844120 ; 4:Paper No. DETC2010-28160, s. 29-38
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an automated design synthesis approach for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) with active trailer steering (ATS) systems. AHVs have poor maneuverability when traveling at low speeds. Moreover, AHVs exhibit unstable motion modes at high speeds. To address the problem of maneuverability, ‘passive’ trailer steering systems have been developed. These systems improve low-speed performance, but feature with low lateral stability at high speeds. Some ATS systems have been proposed to improve highspeed lateral stability. However, these systems typically degrade maneuverability when applied at low speeds. To tackle this conflicting design problem, a systematic method is proposed for the design of AHVs with ATS systems. This new design method has the following features: the optimal active design variables of the ATS systems and the optimal passive design variables of the vehicle are identified in a single design loop; in the design process, to evaluate the vehicle performance measures, a driver model is introduced and it ‘drives’ the vehicle model based on the well-defined testing specifications. Through the design optimization of an ATS system for an AHV with a tractor and a full trailer, this single design loop (SDL) method is compared against a published two design loop (TDL) method. The benchmark investigation shows that the former can determine better trade-off design solutions than those derived by the latter. This SDL method provides an effective approach to automatically implement the design synthesis of AHVs with ATS systems.
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| 12. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmark Investigation of Dynamics Models for Design Optimization of Articulated Heavy Vehicles
- 2013
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Ingår i: ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San Diego, California, USA, November 15–21. - 9780791856420 ; Volume 13: Transportation Systems:Paper No. IMECE2013-62314
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper represents validation of yaw plane and yaw-roll models of a tractor/semitrailer combination with TruckSim software package. A linear 3 degree-of-freedom (DOF) yaw-plane model and a linear 5 DOF yaw-roll model of tractor/semitrailer have been generated, compared and evaluated. This paper investigates the applicability of vehicle models with linear tire model. The models of the articulated heavy vehicle (AHV) yield excellent simulation results which are validated by comparing the simulation results obtained from TruckSim. This paper also includes eigenvalue analysis of the models to estimate their unstable motion modes. Benchmark comparison of the models has been performed to investigate the fidelity, complexity and applicability.
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| 13. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Design of a Preview Controller for Articulated Heavy Vehicles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation. - 2159-5275. ; 3:11, s. 661-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents a preview controller design for ATS (active trailer steering) systems to improve high-speed stability of AHVs (articulated heavy vehicles). An AHV consists of a towing unit, namely tractor or truck, and one or more towed units which called trailers. Individual units are connected to one another at articulated joints by mechanical couplings. Due to the multi-unit configurations, AHVs exhibit unique unstable motion modes, including jack-knifing, trailer swing and rollover. These unstable motion modes are the leading cause of highway accidents. To prevent these unstable motion modes, the preview controller, namely the LPDP (lateral position deviation preview) controller, is proposed. For a truck/full-trailer combination, the LPDP controller is designed to control the steering of the front and rear axle wheels of the trailing unit. The calculation of the corrective steering angle of the trailer front axle wheels is based on the preview information of the lateral position deviation of the trajectory of the axle center from that of the truck front axle center. Similarly, the steering angle of the trailer rear axle wheels is calculated by using the lateral position deviation of the trajectory of the axle center from that of the truck front axle. To perform closed-loop dynamic simulations and evaluate the vehicle performance measure, a driver model is introduced and it ‘derives’ the AHV model based on well-defined testing specifications. The proposed preview control scheme in the continuous time domain is developed by using the LQR (linear quadratic regular) technique. The closed-loop simulation results indicate that the performance of the AHV with the LPDP controller is improved by decreasing rearward amplification ratio from the baseline value of 1.28 to 0.98 and reducing transient off-tracking by 95.03%. The proposed LPDP control algorithm provides an alternative method for the design optimization of AHVs with ATS systems.
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| 14. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Design of Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Safety Systems
- 2012
-
Ingår i: 2012 International Conference on Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Integration (VTI 2012), Changchun, China, July 16-19.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a parallel design optimization method for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) with active safety systems (ASSs). For the design of AHVs, a challenge is to deal with the trade-off between high-speed stability and low-speed maneuverability. Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been applied to the design of AHVs, but the computation efficiency is low. To address the problem, a parallel computing technique with a master-slave system is proposed. Active trailer steering (ATS), differential braking (DB) and anti-roll (AR) sub-systems are combined in an integrated ASS. Considering the interaction between the mechanical trailer and ASS, the proposed method simultaneously optimizes the active design variables of the controllers and passive design variables of the trailers using the master-slave computing system. The proposed method provides an effective approach to the design synthesis of AHVs with ASSs using a parallel computation technique.
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| 15. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Design Synthesis of Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Safety Systems Using a Parallel Computation Technique
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the CSME International Congress 2012, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, June 4-6.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a parallel design optimization method for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) with active safety systems (ASSs). In the past, a genetic algorithm (GA) has been applied to the design synthesis of AHVs and the objective function evaluations are usually computationally expensive. From a design point of view, the most challenging task is to deal with the trade-off relationship between unstable motion modes at high speeds and maneuverability at low speeds. To tackle the problem, a parallel computation technique with a master-slave system is proposed for the design of AVHs with ASSs. Active trailer steering (ATS), differential braking (DB) and anti-roll (AR) sub-systems are combined in an integrated ASS. Considering the interaction between the mechanical trailer and ASS, the proposed design method simultaneously optimizes the active design variables of the controllers and passive design variables of the trailers in a single design loop using the master-slave computing system. The proposed method provides an effective approach to the design synthesis of AHVs with ASSs using a parallel computation technique.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Parallel Design Optimization of Articulated Heavy Vehicles with Active Safety Systems
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1876-1119 .- 1876-1100. - 9783642337376 ; 196, s. 1563-1575
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a parallel design optimization method for multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles (MTAHVs) with active safety systems (ASSs). It is a challenge to deal with the trade-off between high-speed stability and low-speed maneuverability. Evolutionary algorithms have been used for the design optimization of MTAHVs, but the computation efficiency is low. To address the problem, a parallel computing technique with a master–slave system is proposed. Active trailer steering, differential braking and anti-roll sub-systems are combined in an integrated ASS. Considering the interactions of Driver-Vehicle-ASS, the method simultaneously searches optimal active and passive variables of the ASS controllers, the driver model, and the trailers using a master–slave computing system. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method provides an effective approach to the design synthesis of MTAHVs with ASSs.
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| 18. |
- Islam, Manjurul, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Stability Optimization of Articulated Frame Steer Vehicles
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2nd CIRP Conference on Assembly Technologies and Systems (CD), Toronto, Canada.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents an optimization approach to the design synthesis of articulated frame steer vehicles for improving the lateral stability. The approach combines a genetic algorithm and the sequential quadratic programming to automatically find optimal design variables for maximizing the critical speed of articulated frame steer vehicles. In this approach, a stability margin has been introduced in the design criteria to enhance the safety of the vehicles. To implement this design synthesis, a 3 degree of freedom vehicle model is generated. In the design optimization, the dominant parameters for the critical speed are identified and their effects on the lateral stability are investigated.
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| 19. |
- Ji, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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TNFR1 mediates TNF-alpha-induced tumour lymphangiogenesis and metastasis by modulating VEGF-C-VEGFR3 signalling
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723. ; 5:4944
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation and lymphangiogenesis are two cohesively coupled processes that promote tumour growth and invasion. Here we report that TNF-alpha markedly promotes tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. The TNF-alpha-TNFR1 signalling pathway directly stimulates lymphatic endothelial cell activity through a VEGFR3-independent mechanism. However, VEGFR3-induced lymphatic endothelial cell tips are a prerequisite for lymphatic vessel growth in vivo, and a VEGFR3 blockade completely ablates TNF-alpha-induced lymphangiogenesis. Moreover, TNF-alpha-TNFR1-activated inflammatory macrophages produce high levels of VEGF-C to coordinately activate VEGFR3. Genetic deletion of TNFR1 (Tnfr1(-/-)) in mice or depletion of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) virtually eliminates TNF-alpha-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Gain-of-function experiments show that reconstitution of Tnfr1(+/+) macrophages in Tnfr1(+/+) mice largely restores tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. These findings shed mechanistic light on the intimate interplay between inflammation and lymphangiogenesis in cancer metastasis, and propose therapeutic intervention of lymphatic metastasis by targeting the TNF-alpha-TNFR1 pathway.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Shamim, Rafay, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparative Study of Active Control Strategies for Improving Lateral Stability of Car-Trailer Systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: SAE 2011 World Congress & Exhibition. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the performance of different active control strategies for improving lateral stability of car-trailer systems using numerical simulations. For car-trailer systems, three typical unstable motion modes, including trailer swing, jack-knifing and roll-over, have been identified. These unstable motion modes represent potentially hazardous situations. The effects of passive mechanical vehicle parameters on the stability of car-trailer systems have been well addressed. For a given car-trailer system, some of these passive parameters, e.g., the center of gravity of the trailer, are greatly varied under different operating conditions. Thus, lateral stability cannot be guaranteed by selecting a specific passive parameter set. To address this problem, various active control techniques have been proposed to improve handling and stability of car-trailer systems. Feasible control methods involve active trailer steering control (ATSC) and active trailer braking (ATB). Recently, a variable geometry approach (VGA) has been investigated. The essence of this method is to actively control the lateral displacement of the car-trailer hitch in order to improve high-speed stability of the vehicle system. To derive the three controllers, their respective yaw plane models are introduced. The simulation results based on each control method are examined and compared against each other. Through the benchmark comparisons, the features of different control strategies are identified and their applicability discussed.
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| 22. |
- Zhu, Shenjin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A Unified Lateral Preview Driver Model for Road Vehicles
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 21:11, s. 4858-4868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a unified lateral preview driver model for closed-loop dynamic simulations of road vehicles. Numerous driver models have been proposed for Single-Unit Vehicles (SUVs). Some SUV-based driver models have been applied to closed-loop simulations of Multi-Trailer Articulated Heavy Vehicles (MTAHVs). However, the dynamics of MTAHVs is significantly different from that of SUVs, and drivers of Multi-Unit Vehicles (MUVs) have different driving performance and skills. Very few driver models have been proposed for closed-loop simulations of MUVs. This paper designs the unified driver model, considering the dynamic features of both SUVs and MUVs. The driver model is derived using a sliding mode control (SMC) technique, and it distinguishes itself from conventional driver models with a number of features. Simulations demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed driver model.
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| 23. |
- Zhu, Shenjin, et al.
(författare)
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Active Vehicle Suspension Design Using H∞ Control Technique
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2nd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, August 8-9.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design criteria of attenuating vertical motion of the vehicle sprung and unsprung masses and suspension deflections make the active suspension control a typical regulator problem and therefore, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) becomes a suitable candidate. Multivariable technique based on linear quadratic performance criteria with Gaussian disturbance (LQG) has shown good performance provided that the mathematical model of the plant of interest is accurate. Poor robustness of LQG has been observed if either the plant model is not accurate enough or there are various parametric uncertainties of the model. The theory has successfully addressed the robustness issue on the models with parametric uncertainties and unconsidered dynamics through constrained optimisation technique. In this research, a sub-optimal controller is designed for an active suspension system of a quarter-car model. The performance measures of the active suspension are compared with those of the baseline design through numerical simulation. It is shown that the active suspension system is superior to the baseline design in terms of the suspension defections, sprung mass displacements, and the sprung mass acceleration. Moreover, considering the uncertainties of the sprung mass and all the other parameters, the designed controller exhibits its good robustness.
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