| 1. |
- Moortgat-Pick, G., et al.
(författare)
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Polarized positrons and electrons at the linear collider
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 460:4-5, s. 131-243
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) is well-suited for discovering physics beyond the Standard Model and for precisely unraveling the structure of the underlying physics. The physics return can be maximized by the use of polarized beams. This report shows the paramount role of polarized beams and summarizes the benefits obtained from polarizing the positron beam, as well as the electron beam. The physics case for this option is illustrated explicitly by analyzing reference reactions in different physics scenarios. The results show that positron polarization, combined with the clean experimental environment provided by the linear collider, allows to improve strongly the potential of searches for new particles and the identification of their dynamics, which opens the road to resolve shortcomings of the Standard Model. The report also presents an overview of possible designs for polarizing both beams at the ILC, as well as for measuring their polarization.
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| 2. |
- Loisel, J., et al.
(författare)
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Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 11:1, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peatlands are impacted by climate and land-use changes, with feedback to warming by acting as either sources or sinks of carbon. Expert elicitation combined with literature review reveals key drivers of change that alter peatland carbon dynamics, with implications for improving models. The carbon balance of peatlands is predicted to shift from a sink to a source this century. However, peatland ecosystems are still omitted from the main Earth system models that are used for future climate change projections, and they are not considered in integrated assessment models that are used in impact and mitigation studies. By using evidence synthesized from the literature and an expert elicitation, we define and quantify the leading drivers of change that have impacted peatland carbon stocks during the Holocene and predict their effect during this century and in the far future. We also identify uncertainties and knowledge gaps in the scientific community and provide insight towards better integration of peatlands into modelling frameworks. Given the importance of the contribution by peatlands to the global carbon cycle, this study shows that peatland science is a critical research area and that we still have a long way to go to fully understand the peatland-carbon-climate nexus.
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| 3. |
- Moortgat-Pick, G., et al.
(författare)
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Physics at the e(+) e(-) linear collider
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 75:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive review of physics at an e(+) e(-) linear collider in the energy range of root s = 92 GeV-3 TeV is presented in view of recent and expected LHC results, experiments from low-energy as well as astroparticle physics. The report focusses in particular on Higgs-boson, top-quark and electroweak precision physics, but also discusses several models of beyond the standard model physics such as super-symmetry, little Higgs models and extra gauge bosons. The connection to cosmology has been analysed as well.
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| 4. |
- Bernardi, G., et al.
(författare)
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The Future Circular Collider : a Summary for the US 2021 Snowmass Process
- 2022
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this white paper for the 2021 Snowmass process, we give a description of the proposed Future Circular Collider (FCC) project and its physics program. The paper summarizes and updates the discussion submitted to the European Strategy on Particle Physics. After construction of an approximately 90 km tunnel, an electron-positron collider based on established technologies allows world-record instantaneous luminosities at center-of-mass energies from the Z resonance up to tt thresholds, enabling a rich set of fundamental measurements including Higgs couplings determinations at the sub percent level, precision tests of the weak and strong forces, and searches for new particles, including dark matter, both directly and via virtual corrections or mixing. Among other possibilities, the FCC-ee will be able to (i) indirectly discover new particles coupling to the Higgs and/or electroweak bosons up to scales around 7 and 50 TeV, respectively; (ii) perform competitive SUSY tests at the loop level in regions not accessible at the LHC; (iii) study heavy-flavor and tau physics in ultra-rare decays beyond the LHC reach, and (iv) achieve the best potential in direct collider searches for dark matter, sterile neutrinos, and axion-like particles with masses up to around 90 GeV. The tunnel can then be reused for a proton-proton collider, establishing record center-of-mass collision energy, allowing unprecedented reach for direct searches for new particles up to the around 50 TeV scale, and a diverse program of measurements of the Standard Model and Higgs boson, including a precision measurement of the Higgs self-coupling, and conclusively testing weakly-interacting massive particle scenarios of thermal relic dark matter.
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| 5. |
- Skands, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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SUSY Les Houches accord: interfacing SUSY spectrum calculators, decay packages, and event generators
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An accord specifying a unique set of conventions for supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model together with generic file structures for 1) supersymmetric model specifications and input parameters, 2) electroweak scale supersymmetric mass and coupling spectra, and 3) decay tables is presented, to provide a universal interface between spectrum calculation programs, decay packages, and high energy physics event generators.
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| 6. |
- Fantke, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Building a European exposure science strategy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1559-0631 .- 1559-064X. ; 30:6, s. 917-924
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure information is a critical element in various regulatory and non-regulatory frameworks in Europe and elsewhere. Exposure science supports to ensure safe environments, reduce human health risks, and foster a sustainable future. However, increasing diversity in regulations and the lack of a professional identity as exposure scientists currently hamper developing the field and uptake into European policy. In response, we discuss trends, and identify three key needs for advancing and harmonizing exposure science and its application in Europe. We provide overarching building blocks and define six long-term activities to address the identified key needs, and to iteratively improve guidelines, tools, data, and education. More specifically, we propose creating European networks to maximize synergies with adjacent fields and identify funding opportunities, building common exposure assessment approaches across regulations, providing tiered education and training programmes, developing an aligned and integrated exposure assessment framework, offering best practices guidance, and launching an exposure information exchange platform. Dedicated working groups will further specify these activities in a consistent action plan. Together, these elements form the foundation for establishing goals and an action roadmap for successfully developing and implementing a 'European Exposure Science Strategy' 2020-2030, which is aligned with advances in science and technology.
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| 7. |
- Heinemeyer, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Towards further harmonization of a glossary for exposure science-an ISES Europe statement
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1559-0631 .- 1559-064X. ; 32:4, s. 526-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of aligned exposure science terminology is crucial for ease of comparison and appropriate interpretation of exposure information, regulatory reports, and scientific publications. Sometimes the use of different terminology in different contexts and areas of exposure science results in diverging interpretations of the same descriptor. During the development of the European strategy for exposure science, the need was identified to agree on a defined terminology requiring an evaluation of the commonly used terms, synonymous uses, and their relationships between each other. This paper presents the first steps in compiling the most important exposure-related terms from existing guidance documents and publications for exposure and risk assessment and adapting them to be useful for different contexts and areas. This initial step is intended to trigger discussion on terminology among exposure scientists around the globe and across regulatory and methodological silos. The glossary itself is intended as a living document to be hosted by the International Society for Exposure Science.
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