| 1. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement of sound speed vs. depth in South Pole ice for neutrino astronomy
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 33:5-6, s. 277-286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured the speed of both pressure waves and shear waves as a function of depth between 80 and 500 m depth in South Pole ice with better than 1% precision. The measurements were made using the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS), an array of transmitters and sensors deployed in the ice at the South Pole in order to measure the acoustic properties relevant to acoustic detection of astrophysical neutrinos. The transmitters and sensors use piezoceramics operating at similar to 5-25 kHz. Between 200 m and 500 m depth, the measured profile is consistent with zero variation of the sound speed with depth, resulting in zero refraction, for both pressure and shear waves. We also performed a complementary study featuring an explosive signal propagating vertically from 50 to 2250 m depth, from which we determined a value for the pressure wave speed consistent with that determined for shallower depths, higher frequencies, and horizontal propagation with the SPATS sensors. The sound speed profile presented here can be used to achieve good acoustic source position and emission time reconstruction in general, and neutrino direction and energy reconstruction in particular. The reconstructed quantities could also help separate neutrino signals from background. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 2. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
SEARCH FOR HIGH-ENERGY MUON NEUTRINOS FROM THE "NAKED-EYE" GRB 080319B WITH THE IceCube NEUTRINO TELESCOPE
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 701:2, s. 1721-1731
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a search with the IceCube detector for high-energy muon neutrinos from GRB 080319B, one of the brightest gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) ever observed. The fireball model predicts that a mean of 0.1 events should be detected by IceCube for a bulk Lorentz boost of the jet of 300. In both the direct on-time window of 66 s and an extended window of about 300 s around the GRB, no excess was found above background. The 90% CL upper limit on the number of track-like events from the GRB is 2.7, corresponding to a muon neutrino fluence limit of 9.5 x 10(-3) erg cm(-2) in the energy range between 120 TeV and 2.2 PeV, which contains 90% of the expected events.
|
|
| 3. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Search for muon neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts with the IceCube neutrino telescope
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 710:1, s. 346-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of searches for high-energy muon neutrinos from 41 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the northern sky with the IceCube detector in its 22 string configuration active in 2007/2008. The searches cover both the prompt and a possible precursor emission as well as a model-independent, wide time window of -1 hr to + 3 hr around each GRB. In contrast to previous searches with a large GRB population, we do not utilize a standard Waxman-Bahcall GRB flux for the prompt emission but calculate individual neutrino spectra for all 41 GRBs from the burst parameters measured by satellites. For all of the three time windows, the best estimate for the number of signal events is zero. Therefore, we place 90% CL upper limits on the fluence from the prompt phase of 3.7 x 10(-3) erg cm(-2) (72 TeV-6.5 PeV) and on the fluence from the precursor phase of 2.3 x 10(-3) erg cm(-2) (2.2-55 TeV), where the quoted energy ranges contain 90% of the expected signal events in the detector. The 90% CL upper limit for the wide time window is 2.7 x 10(-3) erg cm(-2) (3 TeV-2.8 PeV) assuming an E-2 flux.
|
|
| 4. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Search for point sources of high energy neutrinos with final data from AMANDA-II
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 79, s. 062001-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos using 3.8 yr of data recorded by AMANDA-II during 2000-2006. After reconstructing muon tracks and applying selection criteria designed to optimally retain neutrino-induced events originating in the northern sky, we arrive at a sample of 6595 candidate events, predominantly from atmospheric neutrinos with primary energy 100 GeV to 8 TeV. Our search of this sample reveals no indications of a neutrino point source. We place the most stringent limits to date on E(-2) neutrino fluxes from points in the northern sky, with an average upper limit of E(2)Phi(nu mu)+nu(tau)<= 5.2x10(-11) TeV cm(-2) s(-1) on the sum of nu(mu) and nu(tau) fluxes, assumed equal, over the energy range from 1.9 TeV to 2.5 PeV.
|
|
| 5. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Solar energetic particle spectrum on 2006 December 13 determined by IceTop
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 689:1, s. L65-L68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 2006 December 13 the IceTop air shower array at the South Pole detected a major solar particle event. By numerically simulating the response of the IceTop tanks, which are thick Cerenkov detectors with multiple thresholds deployed at high altitude with no geomagnetic cutoff, we determined the particle energy spectrum in the energy range 0.6-7.6 GeV. This is the first such spectral measurement using a single instrument with a well-defined viewing direction. We compare the IceTop spectrum and its time evolution with previously published results and outline plans for improved resolution of future solar particle spectra.
|
|
| 6. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
The IceCube data acquisition system : Signal capture, digitization, and timestamping
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 601:3, s. 294-316
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IceCube is a km-scale neutrino observatory under construction at the South Pole with sensors both in the deep ice (InIce) and on the surface (IceTop). The sensors, called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs). detect, digitize and timestamp the signals from optical Cherenkov-radiation photons. The DOM Main Board (MB) data acquisition subsystem is connected to the central DAQ in the IceCube Laboratory (ICL) by a single twisted copper wire-pair and transmits packetized data on demand. Time calibration is maintained throughout the array by regular transmission to the DOMs of precisely timed analog signals, synchronized to a central GPS-disciplined clock. The design goals and consequent features, functional capabilities, and initial performance of the DOM MB, and the operation of a combined array of DOMs as a system, are described here. Experience with the first InIce strings and the IceTop stations indicates that the system design and performance goals have been achieved. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
- Abbasi, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Limits on a Muon Flux from Neutralino Annihilations in the Sun with the IceCube 22-String Detector
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 102:20, s. 201302-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for muon neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the IceCube 22-string neutrino detector using data collected in 104.3 days of live time in 2007. No excess over the expected atmospheric background has been observed. Upper limits have been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured neutralinos in the Sun and converted to limits on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) proton cross sections for WIMP masses in the range 250-5000 GeV. These results are the most stringent limits to date on neutralino annihilation in the Sun.
|
|
| 8. |
- Abbasi, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Determination of the atmospheric neutrino flux and searches for new physics with AMANDA-II
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 79, s. 102005-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The AMANDA-II detector, operating since 2000 in the deep ice at the geographic South Pole, has accumulated a large sample of atmospheric muon neutrinos in the 100 GeV to 10 TeV energy range. The zenith angle and energy distribution of these events can be used to search for various phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity in the neutrino sector, such as violation of Lorentz invariance or quantum decoherence. Analyzing a set of 5511 candidate neutrino events collected during 1387 days of livetime from 2000 to 2006, we find no evidence for such effects and set upper limits on violation of Lorentz invariance and quantum decoherence parameters using a maximum likelihood method. Given the absence of evidence for new flavor-changing physics, we use the same methodology to determine the conventional atmospheric muon neutrino flux above 100 GeV.
|
|
| 9. |
- Abbasi, R, et al.
(författare)
-
FIRST NEUTRINO POINT-SOURCE RESULTS FROM THE 22 STRING ICECUBE DETECTOR
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - 2041-8205. ; 701, s. L47-L51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new results of searches for neutrino point sources in the northern sky, using data recorded in 2007-2008 with 22 strings of the IceCube detector (approximately one-fourth of the planned total) and 275.7 days of live time. The final sample of 5114 neutrino candidate events agrees well with the expected background of atmospheric muon neutrinos and a small component of atmospheric muons. No evidence of a point source is found, with the most significant excess of events in the sky at 2.2 sigma after accounting for all trials. The average upper limit over the northern sky for point sources of muon-neutrinos with E-2 spectrum is E-2 Phi(v mu) < 1.4 x 10(-11) TeV cm(-2) s(-1), in the energy range from 3 TeV to 3 PeV, improving the previous best average upper limit by the AMANDA-II detector by a factor of 2.
|
|
| 10. |
- Achterberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
The search for muon neutrinos from northern hemisphere gamma-ray bursts with AMANDA
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 674:1, s. 357-370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of the analysis of neutrino observations by the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) correlated with photon observations of more than 400 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the northern hemisphere from 1997 to 2003. During this time period, AMANDA's effective collection area for muon neutrinos was larger than that of any other existing detector. After the application of various selection criteria to our data, we expect similar to 1 neutrino event and <2 background events. Based on our observations of zero events during and immediately prior to the GRBs in the data set, we set the most stringent upper limit on muon neutrino emission correlated with GRBs. Assuming a Waxman-Bahcall spectrum and incorporating all systematic uncertainties, our flux upper limit has a normalization at 1 PeV of E-2 Phi(nu) <= 6.3 x 10(-9) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1), with 90% of the events expected within the energy range of similar to 10 TeV to similar to 3 PeV. The impact of this limit on several theoretical models of GRBs is discussed, as well as the future potential for detection of GRBs by next-generation neutrino telescopes. Finally, we briefly describe several modifications to this analysis in order to apply it to other types of transient point sources.
|
|
| 11. |
- Ackermann, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos with amanda-II
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 675:2, s. 1014-1024
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for diffuse neutrinos with energies in excess of 10(5) GeV is conducted with AMANDA-II data recorded between 2000 and 2002. Above 10(7) GeV, the Earth is essentially opaque to neutrinos. This fact, combined with the limited overburden of the AMANDA-II detector ( roughly 1.5 km), concentrates these ultra-high-energy neutrinos at the horizon. The primary background for this analysis is bundles of downgoing, high-energy muons from the interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere. No statistically significant excess above the expected background is seen in the data, and an upper limit is set on the diffuse all-flavor neutrino flux of E-2 Phi(90%CL) < 2.7x10(-7) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) valid over the energy range of 2x10(5) to 10(9) GeV. A number of models that predict neutrino fluxes from active galactic nuclei are excluded at the 90% confidence level.
|
|
| 12. |
- Achterberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Detection of atmospheric muon neutrinos with the IceCube 9-string detector
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology. - 1550-7998. ; 76:2, s. 027101-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IceCube neutrino detector is a cubic kilometer TeV to PeV neutrino detector under construction at the geographic South Pole. The dominant population of neutrinos detected in IceCube is due to meson decay in cosmic-ray air showers. These atmospheric neutrinos are relatively well understood and serve as a calibration and verification tool for the new detector. In 2006, the detector was approximately 10% completed, and we report on data acquired from the detector in this configuration. We observe an atmospheric neutrino signal consistent with expectations, demonstrating that the IceCube detector is capable of identifying neutrino events. In the first 137.4 days of live time, 234 neutrino candidates were selected with an expectation of 211 +/- 76.1(syst)+/- 14.5(stat) events from atmospheric neutrinos.
|
|
| 13. |
- Achterberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Multiyear search for a diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with AMANDA-II
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology. - 1550-7998. ; 76:4, s. 042008-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for TeV-PeV muon neutrinos from unresolved sources was performed on AMANDA-II data collected between 2000 and 2003 with an equivalent live time of 807 days. This diffuse analysis sought to find an extraterrestrial neutrino flux from sources with nonthermal components. The signal is expected to have a harder spectrum than the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. Since no excess of events was seen in the data over the expected background, an upper limit of E-2 Phi(90%C.L.)< 7.4x10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) is placed on the diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with a Phi proportional to E-2 spectrum in the energy range 16 TeV to 2.5 PeV. This is currently the most sensitive Phi proportional to E-2 diffuse astrophysical neutrino limit. We also set upper limits for astrophysical and prompt neutrino models, all of which have spectra different from Phi proportional to E-2.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Korenblik, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Dragon 1 Protocol Manuscript : Training, Accreditation, Implementation and Safety Evaluation of Portal and Hepatic Vein Embolization (PVE/HVE) to Accelerate Future Liver Remnant (FLR) Hypertrophy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology. - : Springer. - 0174-1551 .- 1432-086X. ; 45, s. 1391-1398
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Purpose The DRAGON 1 trial aims to assess training, implementation, safety and feasibility of combined portal- and hepatic-vein embolization (PVE/HVE) to accelerate future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy in patients with borderline resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. Methods The DRAGON 1 trial is a worldwide multicenter prospective single arm trial. The primary endpoint is a composite of the safety of PVE/HVE, 90-day mortality, and one year accrual monitoring of each participating center. Secondary endpoints include: feasibility of resection, the used PVE and HVE techniques, FLR-hypertrophy, liver function (subset of centers), overall survival, and disease-free survival. All complications after the PVE/HVE procedure are documented. Liver volumes will be measured at week 1 and if applicable at week 3 and 6 after PVE/HVE and follow-up visits will be held at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the resection. Results Not applicable. Conclusion DRAGON 1 is a prospective trial to assess the safety and feasibility of PVE/HVE. Participating study centers will be trained, and procedures standardized using Work Instructions (WI) to prepare for the DRAGON 2 randomized controlled trial. Outcomes should reveal the accrual potential of centers, safety profile of combined PVE/HVE and the effect of FLR-hypertrophy induction by PVE/HVE in patients with CRLM and a small FLR.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Moser, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Glucose management for exercise using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) systems in type 1 diabetes: position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) endorsed by JDRF and supported by the American Diabetes Association (ADA)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 63, s. 2501-2520
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Physical exercise is an important component in the management of type 1 diabetes across the lifespan. Yet, acute exercise increases the risk of dysglycaemia, and the direction of glycaemic excursions depends, to some extent, on the intensity and duration of the type of exercise. Understandably, fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the strongest barriers to incorporating exercise into daily life. Risk of hypoglycaemia during and after exercise can be lowered when insulin-dose adjustments are made and/or additional carbohydrates are consumed. Glycaemic management during exercise has been made easier with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems; however, because of the complexity of CGM and isCGM systems, both individuals with type 1 diabetes and their healthcare professionals may struggle with the interpretation of given information to maximise the technological potential for effective use around exercise (i.e. before, during and after). This position statement highlights the recent advancements in CGM and isCGM technology, with a focus on the evidence base for their efficacy to sense glucose around exercise and adaptations in the use of these emerging tools, and updates the guidance for exercise in adults, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- An, Kevin R, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between overweight and obesity with coronary artery bypass graft failure: an individual patient data analysis of clinical trials.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - 1873-734X.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between obesity and graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting has not been previously investigated.We pooled individual patient data from randomized clinical trials with systematic post-operative coronary imaging to evaluate the association between obesity and graft failure at the individual graft and patient levels. Penalized cubic regression splines and mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression models were performed.Six trials comprising 3,928 patients and 12,048 grafts were included. The median time to imaging was 1.03 (IQR, 1.00-1.09) years. By body mass index (BMI) category, 800 (20.4%) patients were normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9), 1,668 (42.5%) were overweight (BMI 25-29.9), 983 (25.0%) were obesity class 1 (BMI 30-34.9), 344 (8.8%) were obesity class 2 (BMI 35-39.9), and 116 (2.9%) were obesity class 3 (BMI 40+). As a continuous variable, BMI was associated with reduced graft failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97-0.99]) at the individual graft level. Compared to normal weight patients, graft failure at the individual graft level was reduced in overweight (aOR 0.79 [95% CI, 0.64-0.96]), obesity class 1 (aOR 0.81 [95% CI, 0.64-1.01]), and obesity class 2 (aOR 0.61 [95% CI, 0.45-0.83]) patients, but not different compared to obesity class 3 (aOR 0.94 [95% CI, 0.62-1.42]) patients. Findings were similar, but did not reach significance, at the patient level.In a pooled individual patient data analysis of randomized clinical trials, BMI and obesity appear to be associated with reduced graft failure at one year after coronary artery bypass grafting.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Heil, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Preoperative portal vein or portal and hepatic vein embolization: DRAGON collaborative group analysis
- 2021
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 108:7, s. 834-842
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Y Background: The extent of liver resection for tumours is limited by the expected functional reserve of the future liver remnant (FRL), so hypertrophy may be induced by portal vein embolization (PVE), taking 6 weeks or longer for growth. This study assessed the hypothesis that simultaneous embolization of portal and hepatic veins (PVE/HVE) accelerates hypertrophy and improves resectability. Methods: All centres of the international DRAGON trials study collaborative were asked to provide data on patients who had PVE/HVE or PVE on 2016-2019 (more than 5 PVE/HVE procedures was a requirement). Liver volumetry was performed using OsiriX MD software. Multivariable analysis was performed for the endpoints of resectability rate, FLR hypertrophy and major complications using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) statistics, regression, and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: In total, 39 patients had undergone PVE/HVE and 160 had PVE alone. The PVE/HVE group had better hypertrophy than the PVE group (59 versus 48 per cent respectively; P=0.020) and resectability (90 versus 68 per cent; P=0.007). Major complications (26 versus 34 per cent; P=0.550) and 90-day mortality (3 versus 16 per cent respectively, P = 0.065) were comparable. Multivariable analysis confirmed that these effects were independent of confounders. Conclusion: PVE/HVE achieved better FLR hypertrophy and resectability than PVE in this collaborative experience.
|
|
| 24. |
- Hoogewijs, D., et al.
(författare)
-
From critters to cancers: bridging comparative and clinical research on oxygen sensing, HIF signaling, and adaptations towards hypoxia
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Integrative and Comparative Biology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1557-7023 .- 1540-7063. ; 47:4, s. 552-577
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this symposium at the First International Congress of Respiratory Biology (ICRB) was to enhance communication between comparative biologists and cancer researchers working on O-2 sensing via the HIF pathway. Representatives from both camps came together on August 13-16, 2006, in Bonn, Germany, to discuss molecular adaptations that occur after cells have been challenged by a reduced (hypoxia) or completely absent (anoxia) supply of oxygen. This brief "critters-to-cancer" survey discusses current projects and new directions aimed at improving understanding of hypoxic signaling and developing therapeutic interventions.
|
|
| 25. |
- Karam, Elias, et al.
(författare)
-
Outcomes of rescue procedures in the management of locally recurrent ampullary tumors : A Pancreas 2000/EPC study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Surgery (United States). - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6060. ; 173:5, s. 1254-1262
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Ampullary lesions are rare and can be locally treated either with endoscopic papillectomy or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy. Management of local recurrence after a first-line treatment has been poorly studied. Methods: Patients with a local recurrence of an ampullary lesion initially treated with endoscopic papillectomy or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy were retrospectively included from a multi-institutional database (58 centers) between 2005 and 2018. Results: A total of 103 patients were included, 21 (20.4%) treated with redo endoscopic papillectomy, 14 (13.6%) with transduodenal surgical ampullectomy, and 68 (66%) with pancreaticoduodenectomy. Redo endoscopic papillectomy had low morbidity with 4.8% (n = 1) severe to fatal complications and a R0 rate of 81% (n = 17). Transduodenal surgical ampullectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy after a first procedure had a higher morbidity with Clavien III and more complications, respectively, 28.6% (n = 4) and 25% (n = 17); R0 resection rates were 85.7% (n = 12) and 92.6% (n = 63), both without statistically significant difference compared to endoscopic papillectomy (P = .1 and 0.2). Pancreaticoduodenectomy had 4.4% (n = 2) mortality. No deaths were registered after transduodenal surgical ampullectomy or endoscopic papillectomy. Recurrences treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy were more likely to be adenocarcinomas (79.4%, n = 54 vs 21.4%, n = 3 for transduodenal surgical ampullectomy and 4.8%, n = 1 for endoscopic papillectomy, P < .0001). Three-year overall survival and disease-free survival were comparable. Conclusion: Endoscopy is appropriate for noninvasive recurrences, with resection rate and survival outcomes comparable to surgery. Surgery applies more to invasive recurrences, with transduodenal surgical ampullectomy rather for carcinoma in situ and early cancers and pancreaticoduodenectomy for more advanced tumors.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Moser, Othmar, et al.
(författare)
-
Glucose management for exercise using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scannedCGM(isCGM) systems in type 1 diabetes: position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) endorsed byJDRFand supported by the American Diabetes Association (ADA)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: PEDIATRIC DIABETES. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 21:8, s. 1375-1393
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical exercise is an important component in the management of type 1 diabetes across the lifespan. Yet, acute exercise increases the risk of dysglycaemia, and the direction of glycaemic excursions depends, to some extent, on the intensity and duration of the type of exercise. Understandably, fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the strongest barriers to incorporating exercise into daily life. Risk of hypoglycaemia during and after exercise can be lowered when insulin-dose adjustments are made and/or additional carbohydrates are consumed. Glycaemic management during exercise has been made easier with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems; however, because of the complexity of CGM and isCGM systems, both individuals with type 1 diabetes and their healthcare professionals may struggle with the interpretation of given information to maximise the technological potential for effective use around exercise (ie, before, during and after). This position statement highlights the recent advancements in CGM and isCGM technology, with a focus on the evidence base for their efficacy to sense glucose around exercise and adaptations in the use of these emerging tools, and updates the guidance for exercise in adults, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
|
|
| 28. |
- Szabo, Drew, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Online and Offline Prioritization of Chemicals of Interest in Suspect Screening and Non-targeted Screening with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 96:9, s. 3707-3716
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) have enabled the detection of thousands of chemicals from a single sample, while computational methods have improved the identification and quantification of these chemicals in the absence of reference standards typically required in targeted analysis. However, to determine the presence of chemicals of interest that may pose an overall impact on ecological and human health, prioritization strategies must be used to effectively and efficiently highlight chemicals for further investigation. Prioritization can be based on a chemical's physicochemical properties, structure, exposure, and toxicity, in addition to its regulatory status. This Perspective aims to provide a framework for the strategies used for chemical prioritization that can be implemented to facilitate high-quality research and communication of results. These strategies are categorized as either online or offline prioritization techniques. Online prioritization techniques trigger the isolation and fragmentation of ions from the low-energy mass spectra in real time, with user-defined parameters. Offline prioritization techniques, in contrast, highlight chemicals of interest after the data has been acquired; detected features can be filtered and ranked based on the relative abundance or the predicted structure, toxicity, and concentration imputed from the tandem mass spectrum (MS2). Here we provide an overview of these prioritization techniques and how they have been successfully implemented and reported in the literature to find chemicals of elevated risk to human and ecological environments. A complete list of software and tools is available from https://nontargetedanalysis.org/.
|
|
| 29. |
- Barbaud, Annick, et al.
(författare)
-
Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines : An ENDA/EAACI Position paper
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 77:8, s. 2292-2312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.Method Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.Results No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature. Potential allergens, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate and tromethamine are excipients. The authors propose allergy evaluation of persons with the following histories: 1-anaphylaxis to injectable drug or vaccine containing PEG or derivatives; 2-anaphylaxis to oral/topical PEG containing products; 3-recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown cause; 4-suspected or confirmed allergy to any mRNA vaccine; and 5-confirmed allergy to PEG or derivatives. We recommend a prick-to-prick skin test with the left-over solution in the suspected vaccine vial to avoid waste. Prick test panel should include PEG 4000 or 3500, PEG 2000 and polysorbate 80. The value of in vitro test is arguable.Conclusions These recommendations will lead to a better knowledge of the management and mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines and enable more people with history of allergy to be vaccinated.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Fliri, L., et al.
(författare)
-
Solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of crystalline cellulosic materials using a direct dissolution ionic liquid electrolyte
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Protocols. - : Springer Nature. - 1754-2189 .- 1750-2799. ; 18, s. 2084-2123
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Owing to its high sustainable production capacity, cellulose represents a valuable feedstock for the development of more sustainable alternatives to currently used fossil fuel-based materials. Chemical analysis of cellulose remains challenging, and analytical techniques have not advanced as fast as the development of the proposed materials science applications. Crystalline cellulosic materials are insoluble in most solvents, which restricts direct analytical techniques to lower-resolution solid-state spectroscopy, destructive indirect procedures or to ‘old-school’ derivatization protocols. While investigating their use for biomass valorization, tetralkylphosphonium ionic liquids (ILs) exhibited advantageous properties for direct solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of crystalline cellulose. After screening and optimization, the IL tetra-n-butylphosphonium acetate [P4444][OAc], diluted with dimethyl sulfoxide-d 6, was found to be the most promising partly deuterated solvent system for high-resolution solution-state NMR. The solvent system has been used for the measurement of both 1D and 2D experiments for a wide substrate scope, with excellent spectral quality and signal-to-noise, all with modest collection times. The procedure initially describes the scalable syntheses of an IL, in 24–72 h, of sufficient purity, yielding a stock electrolyte solution. The dissolution of cellulosic materials and preparation of NMR samples is presented, with pretreatment, concentration and dissolution time recommendations for different sample types. Also included is a set of recommended 1D and 2D NMR experiments with parameters optimized for an in-depth structural characterization of cellulosic materials. The time required for full characterization varies between a few hours and several days.
|
|
| 32. |
- Hagger, Martin S., et al.
(författare)
-
A Multilab Preregistered Replication of the Ego-Depletion Effect
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Perspectives on Psychological Science. - : Sage Publications. - 1745-6916 .- 1745-6924. ; 11:4, s. 546-573
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Good self-control has been linked to adaptive outcomes such as better health, cohesive personal relationships, success in the workplace and at school, and less susceptibility to crime and addictions. In contrast, self-control failure is linked to maladaptive outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms by which self-control predicts behavior may assist in promoting better regulation and outcomes. A popular approach to understanding self-control is the strength or resource depletion model. Self-control is conceptualized as a limited resource that becomes depleted after a period of exertion resulting in self-control failure. The model has typically been tested using a sequential-task experimental paradigm, in which people completing an initial self-control task have reduced self-control capacity and poorer performance on a subsequent task, a state known as ego depletion. Although a meta-analysis of ego-depletion experiments found a medium-sized effect, subsequent meta-analyses have questioned the size and existence of the effect and identified instances of possible bias. The analyses served as a catalyst for the current Registered Replication Report of the ego-depletion effect. Multiple laboratories (k = 23, total N = 2,141) conducted replications of a standardized ego-depletion protocol based on a sequential-task paradigm by Sripada et al. Meta-analysis of the studies revealed that the size of the ego-depletion effect was small with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that encompassed zero (d = 0.04, 95% CI [-0.07, 0.15]. We discuss implications of the findings for the ego-depletion effect and the resource depletion model of self-control.
|
|
| 33. |
- Heise, S. J., et al.
(författare)
-
Light-induced changes in the minority carrier diffusion length of Cu(In,Ga) Se-2 absorber material
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 163, s. 270-276
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study strong evidence for an illumination-induced change in minority charge carrier diffusion length is given for Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 solar cells. After annealing under illumination (light soaking) the cells show the metastable increase in open circuit voltage, but also a metastable reduction in current collection efficiency (which can be reversed by annealing in the dark). Partly, this can be attributed to an increase in doping density causing a reduced space charge region width as verified by capacitance-voltage profiling. Nevertheless, by using time-resolved photoluminescence and electron-beam-induced current measurements we found that the changes in doping density and space charge region width are not sufficient to describe the modification in current collection efficiency. Additionally there seems to be a reduction in minority carrier diffusion length and lifetime after white light soaking. This can be explained by a metastable change of electronic defects as found in temperature-dependent admittance spectroscopy. Device simulations confirm the impact of the found defects on the photocurrent
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Karam, Elias, et al.
(författare)
-
Endoscopic and Surgical Management of Non-Metastatic Ampullary Neuroendocrine Neoplasia : A Multi-Institutional Pancreas2000/EPC Study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Neuroendocrinology. - 0028-3835. ; 113:10, s. 1024-1034
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Ampullary neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) is rare and evidence regarding their management is scarce. This study aimed to describe clinicopathological features, management, and prognosis of ampullary NEN according to their endoscopic or surgical management. Methods: From a multi-institutional international database, patients treated with either endoscopic papillectomy (EP), transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA), or pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for ampullary NEN were included. Clinical features, post-procedure complications, and recurrences were assessed. Results: 65 patients were included, 20 (30.8%) treated with EP, 19 (29.2%) with TSA, and 26 (40%) with PD. Patients were mostly asymptomatic (n = 46; 70.8%). Median tumor size was 17 mm (12-22), tumors were mostly grade 1 (70.8%) and pT2 (55.4%). Two (10%) EP resulted in severe American Society for Gastrointestinal Enterology (ASGE) adverse post-procedure complications and 10 (50%) were R0. Clavien 3-5 complications did not occur after TSA and in 4, including 1 postoperative death (15.4%) of patients after PD, with 17 (89.5%) and 26 R0 resection (100%), respectively. The pN1/2 rate was 51.9% (n = 14) after PD. Tumor size larger than 1 cm (i.e., pT stage >1) was a predictor for R1 resection (p < 0.001). Three-year overall survival and disease-free survival after EP, TSA, and PD were 92%, 68%, 92% and 92%, 85%, 73%, respectively. Conclusion: Management of ampullary NEN is challenging. EP should not be performed in lesions larger than 1 cm or with a endoscopic ultrasonography T stage beyond T1. Local resection by TSA seems safe and feasible for lesions without nodal involvement. PD should be preferred for larger ampullary NEN at risk of nodal metastasis.
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Ott, Hagen, et al.
(författare)
-
Cutaneous metabolic activation of carvoxime, a self-activating, skin-sensitizing prohapten.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Chemical Research in Toxicology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0893-228X .- 1520-5010. ; 22:2, s. 399-405
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioactivation of low molecular weight compounds in the skin can cause contact sensitization. We have previously shown that the alpha, beta-R-unsaturated oxime R-carvoxime [1, (R)-2-methyl-5-isopropenylcyclohex-2-enone oxime] is bioactivated to two diastereomeric highly reactive and strongly sensitizing alpha, beta-epoxy oxime metabolites. To investigate if this metabolic activation is catalyzed by the major cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes found in human skin, incubations of 1 with a skinlike P450 cocktail in the presence of glutathione were carried out. We identified three glutathione conjugates in the incubation mixture arising from two diasteomeric alpha, beta-epoxy oxime metabolites of 1, thus showing that the metabolic activation of 1 is P450-mediated. A P450 identification study using the individual P450 enzymes present in the skinlike P450 cocktail showed the involvement of P450 1A1 and 1B1 and also to some extent 2B6. P450 1B1 metabolism of 1 was found to be stereoselective as glutathione conjugates from only one of the alpha, beta-epoxyoxime metabolites were identified (metabolite 2). Additionally, 1 was found to be an inducer of P450 1B1 (but not 1A1) in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and to some extent in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. A further transcriptional gene expression change observed in moDCs was a 44-fold upregulation of IL-8, a marker often used for assessment of sensitizing potential of contact allergens. The autoinduction of P450 1B1 by 1 may be a key event in the development of contact allergy to 1 and may also explain why only metabolite 2, and not 3, was found to elicit an allergic response in mice sensitized to 1. Our data show that the alpha, beta-unsaturated oxime 1 is bioactivated by human cutaneous P450, thus forming highly allergenic metabolites, and has the potential to induce its own bioactivation pathway, particularly in antigen-presenting cells.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Riddell, Michael C, et al.
(författare)
-
Exercise management in type 1 diabetes: a consensus statement.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology. - 2213-8595. ; 5:5, s. 377-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 1 diabetes is a challenging condition to manage for various physiological and behavioural reasons. Regular exercise is important, but management of different forms of physical activity is particularly difficult for both the individual with type 1 diabetes and the health-care provider. People with type 1 diabetes tend to be at least as inactive as the general population, with a large percentage of individuals not maintaining a healthy body mass nor achieving the minimum amount of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity per week. Regular exercise can improve health and wellbeing, and can help individuals to achieve their target lipid profile, body composition, and fitness and glycaemic goals. However, several additional barriers to exercise can exist for a person with diabetes, including fear of hypoglycaemia, loss of glycaemic control, and inadequate knowledge around exercise management. This Review provides an up-to-date consensus on exercise management for individuals with type 1 diabetes who exercise regularly, including glucose targets for safe and effective exercise, and nutritional and insulin dose adjustments to protect against exercise-related glucose excursions.
|
|
| 43. |
- Schnitzbauer, Andreas A, et al.
(författare)
-
A prospective randomised, open-labeled, trial comparing sirolimus-containing versus mTOR-inhibitor-free immunosuppression in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BMC cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential anti-cancer effects of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are being intensively studied. To date, however, few randomised clinical trials (RCT) have been performed to demonstrate anti-neoplastic effects in the pure oncology setting, and at present, no oncology endpoint-directed RCT has been reported in the high-malignancy risk population of immunosuppressed transplant recipients. Interestingly, since mTOR inhibitors have both immunosuppressive and anti-cancer effects, they have the potential to simultaneously protect against immunologic graft loss and tumour development. Therefore, we designed a prospective RCT to determine if the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus can improve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-free patient survival in liver transplant (LT) recipients with a pre-transplant diagnosis of HCC.
|
|
| 44. |
- Schnitzbauer, Andreas A., et al.
(författare)
-
mTOR Inhibition Is Most Beneficial After Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Active Tumors
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 272:5, s. 855-862
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival benefit of sirolimus in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (exploratory analysis of the SiLVER-trial). Summary and Background Data: Patients receiving LT) for HCC are at a high risk for tumor recurrence. Calcineurin inhibitors have shown evidence to promote cancer growth, whereas mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors like sirolimus have anticancer effects. In the SiLVER-trial (Clinicaltrials.gov:NCT00355862), the effect of sirolimus on the recurrence of HCC after LTwas investigated in a prospective randomized trial. Although the primary endpoint of improved disease-free survival (DFS) with sirolimus was not met, outcomes were improved for patients in the sirolimus-treatment arm in the first 3 to 5 years. To learn more about the key variables, a multivariate analysis was performed on the SiLVER-trial data. Patients and Methods: Data from 508 patients of the intention-to-treat analysis were included in exploratory univariate and multivariate models for overall survival (OS), DFS and a competing risk analysis for HCC recurrence. Results: Sirolimus use for >= 3 months after LT for HCC independently reduced the hazard for death in the multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR): 0.7 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.52-0.96, P = 0.02). Most strikingly, patients with an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) >= 10 ng/mL and having used sirolimus for >= 3 months, benefited most with regard to OS, DFS, and HCC-recurrence (HR: 0.49- 0.59, P = 0.0079- 0.0245). Conclusions: mTOR-inhibitor treatment with sirolimus for >= 3 months improves outcomes in LT for HCC, especially in patients with AFP-evidence of higher tumor activity, advocating particularly for mTOR inhibitor use in this subgroup of patients. Clinical Trial Registration: EudraCT: 2005-005362-36 Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00355862.
|
|
| 45. |
- Takwa, Mohamad, et al.
(författare)
-
Lipase Catalyzed HEMA Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization : In Situ Formation of Mixed Polyester Methacrylates by Transesterification
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 9:2, s. 704-710
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was used as initiator for the enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ω-pentadecalactone (PDL) and ∈-caprolactone (CL). The lipase B from Candida antarctica was found to catalyze the cleavage of the ester bond in the HEMA end group of the formed polyesters, resulting in two major transesterification processes, methacrylate transfer and polyester transfer. This resulted in a number of different polyester methacrylate structures, such as polymers without, with one, and with two methacrylate end groups. Furthermore, the 1,2-ethanediol moiety (from HEMA) was found in the polyester products as an integral part of HEMA, as an end group (with one hydroxyl group) and incorporated within the polyester (polyester chains acylated on both hydroxyl groups). After 72 h, as a result of the methacrylate transfer, 79% (48%) of the initial amount of the methacrylate moiety (from HEMA) was situated (acylated) on the end hydroxyl group of the PPDL (PCL) polyester. In order to prepare materials for polymer networks, fully dimethacrylated polymers were synthesized in a one-pot procedure by combining HEMA-initiated ROP with end-capping using vinyl methacrylate. The novel PPDL dimethacrylate (>95% incorporated methacrylate end groups) is currently in use for polymer network formation. Our results show that initiators with cleavable ester groups are of limited use to obtain well-defined monomethacrylated macromonomers due to the enzyme-based transesterification processes. On the other hand, when combined with end-capping, well-defined dimethacrylated polymers (PPDL, PCL) were prepared.
|
|
| 46. |
- Vu Trung, Kien, et al.
(författare)
-
Endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary lesions of minor papilla
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. - 0016-5107. ; 99:4, s. 587-595.e1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Ampullary lesions (ALs) of the minor duodenal papilla are extremely rare. Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is a routinely used treatment for AL of the major duodenal papilla, but the role of EP for minor AL has not been accurately studied. Methods: We identified 20 patients with ALs of minor duodenal papilla in the multicentric database from the Endoscopic Papillectomy vs Surgical Ampullectomy vs Pancreatitcoduodenectomy for Ampullary Neoplasm study, which included 1422 EPs. We used propensity score matching (nearest-neighbor method) to match these cases with ALs of the major duodenal papilla based on age, sex, histologic subtype, and size of the lesion in a 1:2 ratio. Cohorts were compared by means of chi-square or Fisher exact test as well as Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Propensity score–based matching identified a cohort of 60 (minor papilla 20, major papilla 40) patients with similar baseline characteristics. The most common histologic subtype of lesions of minor papilla was an ampullary adenoma in 12 patients (3 low-grade dysplasia and 9 high-grade dysplasia). Five patients revealed nonneoplastic lesions. Invasive cancer (T1a), adenomyoma, and neuroendocrine neoplasia were each found in 1 case. The rate of complete resection, en-bloc resection, and recurrences were similar between the groups. There were no severe adverse events after EP of lesions of minor papilla. One patient had delayed bleeding that could be treated by endoscopic hemostasis, and 2 patients showed a recurrence in surveillance endoscopy after a median follow-up of 21 months (interquartile range, 12-50 months). Conclusions: EP is safe and effective in ALs of the minor duodenal papilla. Such lesions could be managed according to guidelines for EP of major duodenal papilla.
|
|
