| 1. |
- Adam, A, et al.
(författare)
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Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-8118. ; 14:Suppl 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Aksyutina, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Lithium isotopes beyond the drip line
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 666:5, s. 430-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The unbound isotopes 10Li, 12Li and 13Li have been observed after nucleon-knockout reactions at relativistic energies with 11Li and 14Be beams impinging on a liquid hydrogen target. The channels , and were analysed in the ALADIN-LAND setup at GSI. The 10Li data confirm earlier findings, while the 12Li and 13Li nuclei were observed for the first time. The relative-energy spectrum shows that the ground state of 12Li can be described as a virtual s-state with a scattering length of -13.7(1.6) fm. A broad energy spectrum was found for the channel. Based on the assumption that the relative-energy spectrum is dominated by a correlated background presumably stemming from initial correlations in the 14Be ground-state, evidence for a 13Li resonance at 1.47(31) MeV above the threshold with a width around 2 MeV has been found.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Feletti, A., et al.
(författare)
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Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Complications in the European Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Multicenter Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Operative neurosurgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2332-4260 .- 2332-4252. ; 17:1, s. 97-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP-shunt) is the standard of treatment for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). However, a thorough investigation of VP-shunt complications in this population is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To present the analysis and the rates of complications progressively occurring during the first year after shunt surgery in the patients with iNPH included in the European multicenter (EU-iNPH) study. METHODS: Patients (n=142) were prospectively included in the EU-iNPH study by 13 institutions. All patients received a programmable VP-shunt. One hundred fifteen patients completed the 12-mo follow-up. Reexaminations were performed 1, 3, and 12 mo after surgery. Data regarding symptomatic over- or underdrainage, infections, malposition, subdural collections, and shunt surgery were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty patients (26%) experienced symptoms due to shunt underdrainage. Symptomatic overdrainage was reported in 10 (9%). Shunt adjustments were made in 43 (37%). Shunt malposition was recognized as the primary cause of shunt malfunction in 8 (7%), while only 1 infection (0.9%) occurred. Subdural hematoma was diagnosed in 7 (6%) and was treated by increasing the opening pressure of the valve in 5 patients. Hygroma was diagnosed in 10 (9%), requiring surgery in 1 patient. Overall, 17 patients (15%) underwent 19 shunt surgeries. CONCLUSION: The advances in valve technology, a careful opening pressure setting, and rigorous follow-up allow a significant reduction of complications, which can be usually managed nonsurgically within the first 3 to 6 mo. Copyright © 2018 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.
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| 5. |
- Mineva, Milena, et al.
(författare)
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A New us Isomer in 136Sb Produced in the Projectile Fission of 238U
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - 1434-6001. ; 11, s. 9-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neutron-rich isotope Sb-136 has been produced following the relativistic projectile fission of U-238 in an experiment performed at the Fragment Separator at GSI, Darmstadt. Delayed gamma -ray spectroscopy of the fission products has been performed after isotope separation. A new isomeric state in Sb-136 has been populated, and its lifetime measured as T-1/2 = 565(50) ns. Realistic and empirical shell-model calculations have been performed and are compared to the experimental observables.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Podolyák, Zs, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron-deficient N≈126 Nuclei Produced in 238U Fragmentation : Population of High-spin States
- 2006
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions - FINUSTAR. - : AIP. - 0735403236 - 9780735403239 ; 831, s. 114-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a 238U beam has been measured. For states with high angular momentum, I=17 and I=21.5, a higher population than expected has been observed, with the discrepancy increasing with angular momentum. By considering two sources for the angular momentum, related to single-particle and collective motions, a much improved description of the experimental results can be obtained. In addition, new results on the structure of 208Fr, 211Ra and 216Ac are reported.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bassil, A K, et al.
(författare)
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Little or no ability of obestatin to interact with ghrelin or modify motility in the rat gastrointestinal tract.
- 2007
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Ingår i: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 150:1, s. 58-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Obestatin, encoded by the ghrelin gene may inhibit gastrointestinal (GI) motility. This activity was re-investigated.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Rat GI motility was studied in vitro (jejunum contractility and cholinergically-mediated contractions of forestomach evoked by electrical field stimulation; EFS) and in vivo (gastric emptying and intestinal myoelectrical activity). Ghrelin receptor function was studied using a GTPgammaS assay and transfected cells.KEY RESULTS: Contractions of the jejunum or forestomach were unaffected by obestatin 100 nM or 0.01-1000 nM, respectively (P>0.05 each; n=4-18). Obestatin (0.1-1 nM) reduced the ability of ghrelin 1 microM to facilitate EFS-evoked contractions of the stomach (increases were 42.7+/-7.8% and 21.2+/-5.0 % in the absence and presence of obestatin 1 nM; P<0.05; n=12); higher concentrations (10-1000 nM) tended to reduce the response to ghrelin but changes were not statistically significant. Similar concentrations of obestatin did not significantly reduce a facilitation of contractions caused by the 5-HT(4) receptor agonist prucalopride, although an inhibitory trend occurred at the higher concentrations (increases were 69.3+/-14.0% and 42.6+/-8.7% in the absence and presence of 1000 nM obestatin; n=10). Obestatin (up to 10 microM) did not modulate recombinant ghrelin receptor function. Ghrelin increased gastric emptying and reduced MMC cycle time; obestatin (1000 and 30,000 pmol kg(-1) min(-1)) had no effects. Obestatin (2500 pmol kg(-1) min(-1), starting 10 min before ghrelin) did not prevent the ability of ghrelin (500 pmol kg(-1) min(-1)) to shorten MMC cycle time.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Obestatin has little ability to modulate rat GI motility.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Boström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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PDGF-A signaling is a critical event in lung alveolar myofibroblast development and alveogenesis.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674. ; 85:6, s. 863-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mouse platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGF-A) null allele is shown to be homozygous lethal, with two distinct restriction points, one prenatally before E10 and one postnatally. Postnatally surviving PDGF-A-deficient mice develop lung emphysema secondary to the failure of alveolar septation. This is apparently caused by the loss of alveolar myofibroblasts and associated elastin fiber deposits. PDGF alpha receptor-positive cells in the lung having the location of putative alveolar myofibroblast progenitors were specifically absent in PDGF-A null mutants. We conclude that PDGF-A is crucial for alveolar myofibroblast ontogeny. We have previously shown that PDGF-B is required in the ontogeny of kidney mesangial cells. The PDGFs therefore appear to regulate the generation of specific populations of myofibroblasts during mammalian development. The two PDGF null phenotypes also reveal analogous morphogenetic functions for myofibroblast-type cells in lung and kidney organogenesis.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Feugnet, G., et al.
(författare)
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Improved laser-induced fluorescence method for bio-attack early warning detection system
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) could permit fast early warning systems either for point or standoff detection if a reliable classification of warfare biological agents versus biological or non-biological fluorescing background can be achieved. In order to improve LIF discrimination capability, a new system is described in which the fluorescence pattern is enriched by the use of multiple wavelength delayed excitation while usual spectral fluorescence analysis is extended to time domain to use both aspects as criteria for classification. General considerations and guidelines for the system design are given as well as results showing good discrimination between background and simulants.
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| 16. |
- Gaengel, K., et al.
(författare)
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The Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor S1PR1 Restricts Sprouting Angiogenesis by Regulating the Interplay between VE-Cadherin and VEGFR2
- 2012
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Ingår i: Developmental Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1534-5807 .- 1878-1551. ; 23:3, s. 587-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angiogenesis, the process by which new blood vessels arise from preexisting ones, is critical for embryonic development and is an integral part of many disease processes. Recent studies have provided detailed information on how angiogenic sprouts initiate, elongate, and branch, but less is known about how these processes cease. Here, we show that S1PR1, a receptor for the blood-borne bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is critical for inhibition of angiogenesis and acquisition of vascular stability. Loss of S1PR1 leads to increased endothelial cell sprouting and the formation of ectopic vessel branches. Conversely, S1PR1 signaling inhibits angiogenic sprouting and enhances cell-to-cell adhesion. This correlates with inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-induced signaling and stabilization of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin localization at endothelial junctions. Our data suggest that S1PR1 signaling acts as a vascular-intrinsic stabilization mechanism, protecting developing blood vessels against aberrant angiogenic responses.
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| 17. |
- Gomeniuk, Y. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Electrical properties of high-k LaLuO3 gate oxide for SOI MOSFETs
- 2011
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Ingår i: 6th International Workshop on Semiconductor-on-Insulator Materials and Devices. - 9783037851784 ; , s. 87-93
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents the results of electrical characterization of MOS capacitors and SOI MOSFETs with novel high-? LaLuO3 dielectric as a gate oxide. The energy distribution of interface state density at LaLuO 3/Si interface is presented and typical maxima of 1.2×10 11 eV-1cm-2 was found at about 0.25 eV from the silicon valence band. The output and transfer characteristics of the n- and p-MOSFET (channel length and width were 1 μm and 50 μm, respectively) are presented. The front channel mobility appeared to be 126 cm2V -1s-1 and 70 cm2V-1s-1 for n- and p-MOSFET, respectively. The front channel threshold voltages as well as the density of states at the back interface are presented.
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| 18. |
- Haller, B K, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic efficacy of a DNA vaccine targeting the endothelial tip cell antigen delta-like ligand 4 in mammary carcinoma.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5594 .- 0950-9232. ; 29:30, s. 4276-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Notch ligand delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is an essential component expressed by endothelial tip cells during angiogenic sprouting. We have described a conceptually novel therapeutic strategy for targeting tumor angiogenesis and endothelial tip cells based on DNA vaccination against DLL4. Immunization with DLL4-encoding plasmid DNA by in vivo electroporation severely retarded the growth of orthotopically implanted mammary carcinomas in mice by induction of a nonproductive angiogenic response. Mechanistically, vaccination brought about a break in tolerance against the self-antigen, DLL4, as evidenced by the production of inhibitory and inherently therapeutic antibodies against mouse DLL4. Importantly, no evidence for a delayed wound healing response, or for toxicity associated with pharmacological blockade of DLL4 signaling, was noted in mice immunized with the DLL4 vaccine. We have thus developed a well-tolerated DNA vaccination strategy targeting the endothelial tip cells and the antigen DLL4 with proven therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of mammary carcinoma; a disease that has been reported to dramatically induce the expression of DLL4. Conceivably, induction of immunity toward principal mediators of pathological angiogenesis could provide protection against recurrent malignant disease in the adjuvant setting.
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| 19. |
- Harman, J. C., et al.
(författare)
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Postnatal hyperglycemia alters amino acid in retinas (model of Phase I ROP)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Iscience. ; 26:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nutritional deprivation occurring in most preterm infants postnatally can induce hyperglycemia, a significant and independent risk factor for suppressing physiological retinal vascularization (Phase I retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)), leading to compensatory but pathological neovascularization. Amino acid supplementation reduces retinal neovascularization in mice. Little is known about amino acid contribution to Phase I ROP. In mice modeling hyperglycemia-associated Phase I ROP, we found significant changes in retinal amino acids (including most decreased L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine). Parenteral L-isoleucine suppressed physiological retinal vascularization. In premature infants, severe ROP was associated with a higher mean intake of parenteral versus enteral amino acids in the first two weeks of life after adjustment for treatment group, gestational age at birth, birth weight, and sex. The number of days with parenteral amino acids support independently predicted severe ROP. Further understanding and modulating amino acids may help improve nutritional intervention and prevent Phase I ROP.
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| 20. |
- Hellström, Ann, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Docosahexaenoic Acid and Arachidonic Acid Levels Are Associated with Early Systemic Inflammation in Extremely Preterm Infants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fetal and early postnatal inflammation have been associated with increased morbidity in extremely preterm infants. This study aimed to demonstrate if postpartum levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) were associated with early inflammation. In a cohort of 90 extremely preterm infants, DHA and AA in cord blood, on the first postnatal day and on postnatal day 7 were examined in relation to early systemic inflammation, defined as elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and/or interleukin-6 (IL-6) within 72 h from birth, with or without positive blood culture. Median serum level of DHA was 0.5 mol% (95% CI (confidence interval) 0.2-0.9,P= 0.006) lower than the first postnatal day in infants with early systemic inflammation, compared to infants without signs of inflammation, whereas levels of AA were not statistically different between infants with and without signs of inflammation. In cord blood, lower serum levels of both DHA (correlation coefficient -0.40;P= 0.010) and AA (correlation coefficient -0.54;p< 0.001) correlated with higher levels of IL-6. Levels of DHA or AA did not differ between infants with and without histological signs of chorioamnionitis or fetal inflammation. In conclusion, serum levels of DHA at birth were associated with the inflammatory response during the early postnatal period in extremely preterm infants.
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| 21. |
- Hellström, Ann, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Enteral Lipid Supplement on Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity A Randomized Clinical Trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: JAMA Pediatrics. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 175:4, s. 359-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Lack of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) after extremely preterm birth may contribute to preterm morbidity, including retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). OBJECTIVE To determine whether enteral supplementation with fatty acids from birth to 40 weeks' postmenstrual age reduces ROP in extremely preterm infants. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Mega Donna Mega trial, a randomized clinical trial, was a multicenter study performed at 3 university hospitals in Sweden from December 15, 2016, to December 15, 2019. The screening pediatric ophthalmologists were masked to patient groupings. A total of 209 infants born at less than 27 weeks' gestation were tested for eligibility, and 206 infants were included. Efficacy analyses were performed on as-randomized groups on the intention-to-treat population and on the per-protocol population using as-treated groups. Statistical analyses were performed from February to April 2020. INTERVENTIONS Infants received either supplementation with an enteral oil providing AA (100mg/kg/d) and DHA (50mg/kg/d) (AA:DHA group) or no supplementation within 3 days after birth until 40 weeks' postmenstrual age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomewas severe ROP (stage 3 and/or type 1). The secondary outcomes were AA and DHA serum levels and rates of other complications of preterm birth. RESULTS A total of 101 infants (58 boys [57.4%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 25.5 [1.5] weeks) were included in the AA:DHA group, and 105 infants (59 boys [56.2%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 25.5 [1.4] weeks) were included in the control group. Treatment with AA and DHA reduced severe ROP compared with the standard of care (16 of 101 [15.8%] in the AA:DHA group vs 35 of 105 [33.3%] in the control group; adjusted relative risk, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.28-0.91]; P =.02). The AA:DHA group had significantly higher fractions of AA and DHA in serum phospholipids compared with controls (overall mean difference in AA:DHA group, 0.82 mol% [95% CI, 0.46-1.18 mol%]; P <.001; overall mean difference in control group, 0.13 mol% [95% CI, 0.01-0.24 mol%]; P =.03). There were no significant differences between the AA:DHA group and the control group in the rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (48 of 101 [47.5%] vs 48 of 105 [45.7%]) and of any grade of intraventricular hemorrhage (43 of 101 [42.6%] vs 42 of 105 [40.0%]). In the AA:DHA group and control group, respectively, sepsis occurred in 42 of 101 infants (41.6%) and 53 of 105 infants (50.5%), serious adverse events occurred in 26 of 101 infants (25.7%) and 26 of 105 infants (24.8%), and 16 of 101 infants (15.8%) and 13 of 106 infants (12.3%) died. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that, compared with standard of care, enteral AA:DHA supplementation lowered the risk of severe ROP by 50% and showed overall higher serum levels of both AA and DHA. Enteral lipid supplementation with AA:DHA is a novel preventive strategy to decrease severe ROP in extremely preterm infants.
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| 22. |
- Hober, Sophia, Professor, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical & Translational Immunology. - : Wiley. - 2050-0068. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic poses an immense need for accurate, sensitive and high-throughput clinical tests, and serological assays are needed for both overarching epidemiological studies and evaluating vaccines. Here, we present the development and validation of a high-throughput multiplex bead-based serological assay. Methods. More than 100 representations of SARS-CoV-2 proteins were included for initial evaluation, including antigens produced in bacterial and mammalian hosts as well as synthetic peptides. The five best-performing antigens, three representing the spike glycoprotein and two representing the nucleocapsid protein, were further evaluated for detection of IgG antibodies in samples from 331 COVID-19 patients and convalescents, and in 2090 negative controls sampled before 2020. Results. Three antigens were finally selected, represented by a soluble trimeric form and the S1-domain of the spike glycoprotein as well as by the C-terminal domain of the nucleocapsid. The sensitivity for these three antigens individually was found to be 99.7%, 99.1% and 99.7%, and the specificity was found to be 98.1%, 98.7% and 95.7%. The best assay performance was although achieved when utilising two antigens in combination, enabling a sensitivity of up to 99.7% combined with a specificity of 100%. Requiring any two of the three antigens resulted in a sensitivity of 99.7% and a specificity of 99.4%. Conclusion. These observations demonstrate that a serological test based on a combination of several SARS-CoV-2 antigens enables a highly specific and sensitive multiplex serological COVID-19 assay.
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| 23. |
- Holgersson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular profiling using tissue microarrays as a tool to identify predictive biomarkers in laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Genomics & Proteomics. - 1109-6535 .- 1790-6245. ; 7:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the usefulness of the expression of five potential cancer biomarkers in predicting outcome in patients with laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the Swedish National Cancer Registry databases were used to identify patients with laryngeal cancer diagnosed during the years 1978-2004 in the Uppsala-Örebro region and treated with radiotherapy. The expression of Ki-67, MutS homolog 2, (MSH2), p53, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and cyclin D1 in the cancer cells was assessed immunohistochemically using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and its predictve value on survival and relapse was analyzed using Cox regression models. Results: A total of 39 patients were included in the present study. Nuclear MSH2 staining was statistically significantly correlated to Ki-67 expression (p=0.022). However, univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed no statistically significant association between the expression of the investigated biomarkers and overall survival or relapse. Conclusion: The present exploratory study does not show any significant predictive value of the biomarkers examined with respect to survival or relapse. However, with larger patient cohorts, we believe that protein profiling using TMAs and immunohistochemistry is a feasible strategy for prognostic and predictive biomarker screening in laryngeal cancer.
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| 24. |
- Hortensius, Lisa M., et al.
(författare)
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Serum docosahexaenoic acid levels are associated with brain volumes in extremely preterm born infants
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 90:6, s. 1177-1185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) are important for fetal brain growth and development. Our aim was to evaluate the association between serum DHA and AA levels and brain volumes in extremely preterm infants. Methods: Infants born at <28 weeks gestational age in 2013–2015, a cohort derived from a randomized controlled trial comparing two types of parenteral lipid emulsions, were included (n = 90). Serum DHA and AA levels were measured at postnatal days 1, 7, 14, and 28, and the area under the curve was calculated. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed at term-equivalent age (n = 66), and volumes of six brain regions were automatically generated. Results: After MR image quality assessment and area under the curve calculation, 48 infants were included (gestational age mean [SD] 25.5 [1.4] weeks). DHA levels were positively associated with total brain (B = 7.966, p = 0.012), cortical gray matter (B = 3.653, p = 0.036), deep gray matter (B = 0.439, p = 0.014), cerebellar (B = 0.932, p = 0.003), and white matter volume (B = 3.373, p = 0.022). AA levels showed no association with brain volumes. Conclusions: Serum DHA levels during the first 28 postnatal days were positively associated with volumes of several brain structures in extremely preterm infants at term-equivalent age. Impact: Higher serum levels of DHA in the first 28 postnatal days are positively associated with brain volumes at term-equivalent age in extremely preterm born infants.Especially the most immature infants suffer from low DHA levels in the first 28 postnatal days, with little increase over time.Future research is needed to explore whether postnatal fatty acid supplementation can improve brain development and may serve as a nutritional preventive and therapeutic treatment option in extremely preterm infants.
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| 25. |
- Hwang, C. J., et al.
(författare)
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Parkin deficiency exacerbate ethanol-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration by P38 pathway dependent inhibition of autophagy and mitochondrial function
- 2017
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Ingår i: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 11, s. 456-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Parkin (which encoded by Park2), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is the most frequently mutated gene that has casually been linked to autosomal recessive early onset familial PD. We tested the effect of Park2 on ethanol-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Park2 knockout (KO) transgenic mice after chronic ethanol feeding. Male Park2 wild type (WT) and KO mice (8 weeks old) were fed on a Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 6.6% ethanol for 2 weeks, and compared their responses. We found that knockout of Park2 exacerbates ethanol-induced behavioral impairment as well as dopamine depletion. In the mechanism study, we found that knockout of Park2 increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitophagy formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, but decreased expression of pro-autophagic proteins. Knockout of Park2 also increased ethanol-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. In addition, ROS production, mitophagy formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and expression of pro-apoptotic proteins were increased, but expression of pro-autophagic proteins were decreased by a treatment of ethanol (100 mu M) in Park2 siRNA-transfacted PC12 cells (5 mu M). Moreover, the exacerbating effects of Park2 deletion on ethanol-induced ROS generation, mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction as well as cell death were reduced by p38 specific inhibitor (SB203580) in in vitro (10 mu M) and in vivo 10 mg/kg). Park2 deficiency exacerbates ethanol-induced dopaminergic neuron damage through p38 kinase dependent inhibition of autophagy and mitochondrial function.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Löfqvist, Chatarina, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification and localization of the IGF/insulin system expression in retinal blood vessels and neurons during oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice
- 2009
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Ingår i: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. - 1552-5783. ; 50:4, s. 1831-1837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Retinopathy is a result of pathologic angiogenesis influenced by insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1. The authors examined the local expression of the IGF/insulin family. METHODS: In retinas with and without oxygen-induced retinopathy, the authors assessed with real-time RT-PCR mRNA expression of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor (IR), IGF-1, IGF-2, insulin (Ins2), and IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) to IGFBP6 in total retina from postnatal day (P) 7 to P33 to examine changes over time with the induction of retinopathy and at P17 on laser-captured retinal components to quantitatively localize mRNA expression in the ganglion cell layer, the outer nuclear layer, the inner nuclear layer, normal blood vessels, and neovascular tufts. RESULTS: IGF-1R and IR are expressed predominantly in photoreceptors and in vessels, with scant expression in the rest of the neural retina. IGF-1R expression is more than 100-fold greater than IR. The major local growth factor (expressed in photoreceptors and in blood vessels) is IGF-2 (approximately 1000-fold greater than IGF-1). IGF-1 (approximately 600 copies/10(6) cyclophilin) is expressed throughout the retina. IGFBP2, IGFBP4, and IGFBP5 expression is unchanged with increasing retinal development and with the induction of retinopathy. In contrast, IGFBP3 expression increased more than 5-fold with hypoxia, found in neovascular tufts. CONCLUSIONS: IGF-1R, IR, and the ligand IGF-2 are expressed almost exclusively in photoreceptors and blood vessels. IGFBP3 and IGFBP5 expression increases in neovascular tufts compared with normal vessels. IGF-1 is expressed throughout the retina at much lower levels. These results suggest cross-talk between vessels and photoreceptors in the development of retinopathy and retinal vasculature.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Naska, A, et al.
(författare)
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Eating out, weight and weight gain. A cross-sectional and prospective analysis in the context of the EPIC-PANACEA study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 35:3, s. 416-426
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) and weight gain with eating at restaurants and similar establishments or eating at work among 10 European countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. SUBJECTS: This study included a representative sample of 24,310 randomly selected EPIC participants. METHODS: Single 24-h dietary recalls with information on the place of consumption were collected using standardized procedures between 1995 and 2000. Eating at restaurants was defined to include all eating and drinking occasions at restaurants, cafeterias, bars and fast food outlets. Eating at work included all eating and drinking occasions at the workplace. Associations between eating at restaurants or eating at work and BMI or annual weight changes were assessed using sex-specific linear mixed-effects models, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: In southern Europe energy intake at restaurants was higher than intake at work, whereas in northern Europe eating at work appeared to contribute more to the mean daily intake than eating at restaurants. Cross-sectionally, eating at restaurants was found to be positively associated with BMI only among men (β=+0.24, P=0.003). Essentially no association was found between BMI and eating at work among both genders. In a prospective analysis among men, eating at restaurants was found to be positively, albeit nonsignificantly, associated with weight gain (β=+0.05, P=0.368). No association was detected between energy intake at restaurants and weight changes, controlling for total energy intake. CONCLUSION: Among men, eating at restaurants and similar establishments was associated with higher BMI and possibly weight gain.
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| 31. |
- Nilsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Versus Definitive Chemoradiotherapy With Salvage Surgery as Needed : The Study Protocol for the Randomized Controlled NEEDS Trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2234-943X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The globally dominant treatment with curative intent for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with subsequent esophagectomy. This multimodal treatment leads to around 60% overall 5-year survival, yet with impaired post-surgical quality of life. Observational studies indicate that curatively intended chemoradiotherapy, so-called definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) followed by surveillance of the primary tumor site and regional lymph node stations and surgery only when needed to ensure local tumor control, may lead to similar survival as nCRT with surgery, but with considerably less impairment of quality of life. This trial aims to demonstrate that dCRT, with selectively performed salvage esophagectomy only when needed to achieve locoregional tumor control, is non-inferior regarding overall survival, and superior regarding health-related quality of life (HRQOL), compared to nCRT followed by mandatory surgery, in patients with operable, locally advanced ESCC.Methods: This is a pragmatic open-label, randomized controlled phase III, multicenter trial with non-inferiority design with regard to the primary endpoint overall survival and a superiority hypothesis for the experimental intervention dCRT with regard to the main secondary endpoint global HRQOL one year after randomization. The control intervention is nCRT followed by preplanned surgery and the experimental intervention is dCRT followed by surveillance and salvage esophagectomy only when needed to secure local tumor control. A target sample size of 1200 randomized patients is planned in order to reach 462 events (deaths) during follow-up.
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| 32. |
- Nygård, K, et al.
(författare)
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Imported rocket salad partly responsible for increased incidence of hepatitis A cases in Sweden, 2000-2001
- 2001
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Ingår i: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1560-7917. ; 6:10, s. 151-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increased incidence of domestic hepatitis A without any obvious source of infection in Sweden and a small outbreak in late spring 2001 led to the undertaking of a case-control study. Consumption of imported rocket salad was clearly associated with disease (odds ratio 9.1, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 69). The importation of vegetables from countries where hepatitis A is endemic to countries where this disease is not endemic continues to be a public health problem.
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| 33. |
- Sanger, G J, et al.
(författare)
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GSK962040 : a small molecule, selective motilin receptor agonist, effective as a stimulant of human and rabbit gastrointestinal motility
- 2009
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 21:6, s. 657-664, e30-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an urgent clinical need for a safe, efficacious stimulant of gastric emptying; current therapies include erythromycin (an antibiotic with additional properties which preclude chronic use) and metoclopramide (a 5-hydroxytryptamine type 4 receptor agonist and an antagonist at brain D2 receptors, associated with movement disorders). To move away from the complex motilide structure of erythromycin, a small molecule motilin receptor agonist, GSK962040, was identified and characterized. The compound was evaluated using recombinant human receptors, rabbit and human isolated stomach preparations known to respond to motilin and in vivo, by measuring its ability to increase defecation in conscious rabbits. At the human motilin receptor, the pEC50 (the negative logarithm to base 10 of the EC50 value, the concentration of agonist that produces 50% of the maximal response) values for GSK962040 and erythromycin as agonists were, respectively, 7.9 and 7.3; GSK962040 had no significant activity at a range of other receptors (including ghrelin), ion channels and enzymes. In rabbit gastric antrum, GSK962040 300 nmol L−1–10 μmol L−1 caused a prolonged facilitation of the amplitude of cholinergically mediated contractions, to a maximum of 248 ± 47% at 3 μmol L−1. In human-isolated stomach, GSK962040 10 μmol L−1, erythromycin 10 μmol L−1 and [Nle13]-motilin 100 nmol L−1, each caused muscle contraction of similar amplitude. In conscious rabbits, intravenous doses of 5 mg kg−1 GSK962040 or 10 mg kg−1 erythromycin significantly increased faecal output over a 2-h period. Together, these data show that GSK962040, a non-motilide structure, selectively activates the motilin receptor. Simplification of the structural requirements to activate this receptor greatly facilitates the design of potentially new medicines for gastroparesis.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Sjöbom, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Brain Injury Biomarker Neurofilament Light and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes and Retinopathy of Prematurity among Preterm Infants
- 2021
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Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 4:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Circulating levels of neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are important in the course of brain injury in adults, but longitudinal postnatal circulating levels in preterm infants have not been investigated. Objectives: To examine postnatal longitudinal serum levels of NfL and GFAP in preterm infants during the first 15 weeks of life and to explore possible associations between these biomarkers, neonatal morbidities, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used data from 3 clinical studies, including 221 infants born before 32 weeks gestational age (GA) from 1999 to 2015; neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated in 120 infants. Data were collected at tertiary-level neonatal intensive care units in Gothenburg, Lund, and Uppsala, Sweden. Data analysis was conducted from January to October 2020. Exposure: Preterm birth. Main Outcomes and Measures: Serum NfL and GFAP levels, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage, and Bayley Scales of Infant Development II and III at 2 years of age, analyzed by multivariate logistic regression measured by odds ratio (OR), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Area under the curve (AUC) was also measured. Results: The 221 included infants (108 [48.9%] girls) had a mean (SD) GA at birth of 26.5 (2.1) weeks and a mean (SD) birth weight of 896 (301) grams. NfL levels increased after birth, remaining high during the first 4 weeks of life before declining to continuously low levels by postnatal age 12 weeks (median [range] NfL level at birth: 58.8 [11.5-1371.3] ng/L; 1 wk: 83.5 [14.1-952.2] ng/L; 4 wk: 24.4 [7.0-306.0] ng/L; 12 wk: 9.1 [3.7-57.0] ng/L). In a binary logistic regression model adjusted for GA at birth, birth weight SD score, Apgar status at 5 minutes, and mode of delivery, the NfL AUC at weeks 2 to 4 was independently associated with any ROP (OR, 4.79; 95% CI, 2.17-10.56; P <.001). In an exploratory analysis adjusted for GA at birth and sex, NfL AUC at weeks 2 to 4 was independently associated with unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years corrected age (OR per 10-unit NfL increase, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13; P =.01). Longitudinal GFAP levels were not significantly associated with neonatal morbidity or neurodevelopmental outcome. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, high NfL levels during the first weeks of life were associated with ROP and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age. Associations between NfL and later neurovascular development in infants born prematurely should be investigated further.
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| 36. |
- Skeie, G., et al.
(författare)
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Use of dietary supplements in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition calibration study
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 63:4s, s. 226-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dietary supplement use is increasing, but there are few comparable data on supplement intakes and how they affect the nutrition and health of European consumers. The aim of this study was to describe the use of dietary supplements in subsamples of the 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: Specific questions on dietary supplement use were asked as a part of single 24-h recalls performed on 36 034 men and women aged 35-74 years from 1995 to 2000. Results: Between countries, the mean percentage of dietary supplement use varied almost 10-fold among women and even more among men. There was a clear north-south gradient in use, with a higher consumption in northern countries. The lowest crude mean percentage of use was found in Greece (2.0% among men, 6.7% among women), and the highest was in Denmark (51.0% among men, 65.8% among women). Use was higher in women than in men. Vitamins, minerals or combinations of them were the predominant types of supplements reported, but there were striking differences between countries. Conclusions: This study indicates that there are wide variations in supplement use in Europe, which may affect individual and population nutrient intakes. The results underline the need to monitor consumption of dietary supplements in Europe, as well as to evaluate the risks and benefits. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, S226-S238; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.83
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Andersson, Ewa K., 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Metasyntes
- 2023. - 3
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Ingår i: Vetenskaplig teori och metod. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144161389 ; , s. 457-472
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- Angelopoulos, K., et al.
(författare)
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Computed tomography contrast enhancement pattern of the uterus in premenopausal women in relation to menstrual cycle and hormonal contraception
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 62:9, s. 1257-1262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background There are different types of computed tomography (CT) contrast enhancement patterns of the uterus. It is not known whether these are hormonally dependent. Purpose To assess the relationship between these patterns and the menstrual cycle in non-users of hormonal contraception, and the possible impact of hormonal contraception. Material and Methods Prospective observational study of abdominal CT scans of 53 premenopausal women of whom 28 were non-users and 25 users of hormonal contraception. The non-users were divided according to menstrual cycle phase: follicular (n = 12); ovulatory (n = 1); and luteal (n = 12). The pattern and intensity of contrast enhancement of the uterine myometrium were assessed. Results The dominant pattern of contrast enhancement of the myometrium was the diffuse homogeneous type in both non-users and users. The intensity of the enhancement measured in Hounsfield units (HU) was higher in the follicular phase (median 102, range 73-130) compared to the luteal phase in non-users (median 92, range 57-130); however this was not statistically significant (P = 0.2). The HU values observed in users (median 95, range 45-160) were at the same levels compared to those of the luteal phase in non-users. Conclusion The dominant pattern of contrast enhancement in the portal venous phase of the myometrium in fertile ages is the diffuse homogeneous type and is independent of menstrual cycle phase or the use of hormonal contraception. However, these factors seem to play a role in the intensity of contrast enhancement, with a tendency of higher HU values in the follicular phase of non-users.
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| 44. |
- Askelöf, U., et al.
(författare)
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Wait a minute? : An observational cohort study comparing iron stores in healthy Swedish infants at 4 months of age after 10-, 60- and 180-second umbilical cord clamping
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 2044-6055. ; 7:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping. Design: Prospective observational study with two historical controls. Setting: A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden. Methods: Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected to UC clamping at ≤10 s (n=200) or ≥180 s (n=200) after delivery. Results: After adjustment for age differences at the time of follow-up, serum ferritin concentrations were 77, 103 and 114 μg/L in the 10, 60 and 180 s groups, respectively. The adjusted ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the 60 s group compared with the 10 s group (P=0.002), while the difference between the 60 and 180 s groups was not significant (P=0.29). Conclusion: In this study of healthy term infants, 60 s UC clamping with 30 s lowering of the baby below the uterine level resulted in higher serum ferritin concentrations at 4 months compared with 10 s UC clamping. The results suggest that delaying the UC clamping for 60 s reduces the risk for iron deficiency. © 2017 Article author(s).
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| 45. |
- Barreto Henriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial species in cord blood and their significance in the context of clinical use
- 2024
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Ingår i: TRANSFUSION AND APHERESIS SCIENCE. - 1473-0502 .- 1878-1683. ; 63:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately 90 % of infants born before 28 full weeks(extremely-preterm-infants) receive erythrocyte transfusions in early life. Umbilical cord blood(UCB) has been investigated as an alternative source for erythrocyte transfusions to preterm neonates. This retrospective study aimed to compile/evaluate spectrum of bacteria groups/species intermittently detected in processed UCB at National-Swedish-Cord blood bank, (NS-CBB) during the years 2008-2020. Consecutive data from the years 2008-2020 were investigated. UCB from healthy newborns born after 37 full weeks of gestation was collected following clamping of cord (1 min) through cannulation of umbilical vein (vaginal-and C-section-deliveries). In total, 5194 cord blood units (UCBUs) that met NS-CBB-guidelines for total nucleated-cell-content(TNC) were manufactured from 8875 collections. Of 5194 UCBUs,77,6 % were from vaginal-and 22,4 % from C-section deliveries.Samples(10 mL) were collected from surplus eryhtrocyte fraction post-processing(n = 5194), transferred into BACT/ALERT (R) aerobic/anaerobic culture flasks and monitored 10 days using BACT/ALERT (R)-3D-Microbial-Detection-Systems. Positive samples were subcultured and typed for bacterial groups and/or species. Out of 5194 processed sampled UCB units,186 (3,6 %) were discarded due to positive sterility tests, 92 % were detected in samples from vaginal-deliveries and 8 % from C-section-deliveries. In all,16 different groups of bacteria and 27 species were identified. Common bacterial/groups and species were anaerobe gram-negative rods(n = 28),coagulase-negative-staphylococci(n = 21),gram-positive rods(n = 21),anaerobe-gram-positive cocci(n = 20) and viridans-streptococci(n = 13). Extracted from these results,in positive samples(n = 13) from Csection deliveries, bacteria were found:viridans-streptococci(n = 7),Aerococcus-urinae(n = 1), Staphylococcus lugdunensis(n = 1),other coagulase-negative staphylococci(n = 1) or a mix of aerobic/anaerobic bacteria(n = 3). Our results are in alignment with previously published contamination rates in processed UCBUs. Still, results point towards importance of strict microbial monitoring when manufacturing UCBUs to achieve patient-safeproducts for stem-cell transplantation/transfusion.
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| 46. |
- Bengzon, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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C-reactive protein levels following standard neurosurgical procedures
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6268 .- 0942-0940. ; 145:8, s. 667-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The aim of the present study was to establish the magnitude and time-course of C-reactive protein increases following routine neurosurgical procedures in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of infection. Method. C-reactive protein levels were studied daily following ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation, anterior cervical fusion, vestibular schwannoma operation, supratentorial glioma surgery, endovascular intracranial aneurysm treatment and open cerebral aneurysm surgery. Findings. The magnitude of the C-reactive protein increase depended on the extent of surgical trauma and peak-levels were recorded between postoperative day one and four after which the levels tapered off. Interpretation. Increases occur-ring after the fourth postoperative day are likely to be caused by complications of surgery, e.g. infection.
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| 47. |
- Bergland, A, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the feasibility and intercorrelation of measurements on the functioning of residents living in Scandinavian nursing homes.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 28:2, s. 154-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity for use in a Scandinavian nursing home population and to examine intercorrelations between these measurements. Method The design was cross-sectional and 322 residents’ functions were evaluated by grip strength, the Timed Chair Stand Test, Berg’s Balance Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Swedish version of Mini-Mental State Examination, 10-m walking and wheelchair propulsion at self-selected and maximum speed, functional independence measure, physiotherapy clinical outcome variables, and the Nursing Home Life Space Diameter. Results The mean age of the group was 85 years. Sixty-four percent were able to walk with or without walking aids, and 59% were able to rise independently from chair once. The level of participation in the tests was 70% or more, except for the 10-m walking/wheeling test and the Timed Chair Stand Test. No floor or ceiling effect was discovered. The significant correlation coefficients between different measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, ADL, and physical activity range from 0.14 to 0.90. Conclusion The instruments seem to be feasible for residents in Scandinavian nursing homes, and the residents appear to be a heterogeneous group with respect to functioning, mostly at low level.
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| 48. |
- Caamano, M, et al.
(författare)
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Isomers in neutron-rich A approximate to 190 nuclides from Pb-208 fragmentation
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 23:2, s. 201-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relativistic projectile fragmentation of Pb-208 has been used to produce isomers in neutron-rich, A approximate to 190 nuclides. A forward-focusing spectrometer provided ion-by-ion mass and charge identification. The detection of gamma-rays emitted by stopped ions has led to the assignment of isomers in Ta-188, W-190, Re-192, Re-193, Os-195, Ir-197, Ir-198, Pt-200, Pt-201, Pt-202 and Au-203, with half-lives ranging from approximately 10 ns to 1 ms. Tentative isomer information has been found also for Er-174, Er-175, Hf-185, Re-191, Re-194 and Ir-199. In most cases, time-correlated, singles gamma-ray events provided the first spectroscopic data on excited states for each nuclide. In Pt-200 and Pt-201. the assignments are supported by gamma-gamma coincidences. Isomeric ratios provide additional information, such as half-life and transition energy constraints in particular cases. The level structures of the platinum isotopes are discussed, and comparisons are made with isomer systematics.
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| 49. |
- Caceres, L., et al.
(författare)
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Spherical proton-neutron structure of isomeric states in Cd-128
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 79:1, s. 011301-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gamma-ray decay of isomeric states in the even-even nucleus Cd-128 has been observed. The nucleus of interest was produced both by the fragmentation of Xe-136 and the fission of U-238 primary beams. The level scheme was unambiguously constructed based on.. coincidence relations in conjunction with detailed lifetime analysis employed for the first time on this nucleus. Large-scale shell-model calculations, without consideration of excitations across the N = 82 shell closure, were performed and provide a consistent description of the experimental level scheme. The structure of the isomeric states and their decays exhibit coexistence of proton, neutron, and strongly mixed configurations due to p. interaction in overlapping orbitals for both proton and neutron holes.
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| 50. |
- Connor, K. M., et al.
(författare)
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Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nat Med. - 1078-8956.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many sight-threatening diseases have two critical phases, vessel loss followed by hypoxia-driven destructive neovascularization. These diseases include retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy, leading causes of blindness in childhood and middle age affecting over 4 million people in the United States. We studied the influence of omega-3- and omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on vascular loss, vascular regrowth after injury, and hypoxia-induced pathological neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. We show that increasing omega-3-PUFA tissue levels by dietary or genetic means decreased the avascular area of the retina by increasing vessel regrowth after injury, thereby reducing the hypoxic stimulus for neovascularization. The bioactive omega-3-PUFA-derived mediators neuroprotectinD1, resolvinD1 and resolvinE1 also potently protected against neovascularization. The protective effect of omega-3-PUFAs and their bioactive metabolites was mediated, in part, through suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This inflammatory cytokine was found in a subset of microglia that was closely associated with retinal vessels. These findings indicate that increasing the sources of omega-3-PUFA or their bioactive products reduces pathological angiogenesis. Western diets are often deficient in omega-3-PUFA, and premature infants lack the important transfer from the mother to the infant of omega-3-PUFA that normally occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. Supplementing omega-3-PUFA intake may be of benefit in preventing retinopathy.
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