| 1. |
- Hemmat, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Unprecedented Multifunctionality in 1D Nb1-xTaxS3 Transition Metal Trichalcogenide Alloy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 32:34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1D materials, such as nanofibers or nanoribbons are considered as the future ultimate limit of downscaling for modern electrical and electrochemical devices. Here, for the first time, nanofibers of a solid solution transition metal trichalcogenide (TMTC), Nb1-xTaxS3, are successfully synthesized with outstanding electrical, thermal, and electrochemical characteristics rivaling the performance of the-state-of-the art materials for each application. This material shows nearly unchanged sheet resistance (≈740 Ω sq−1) versus bending cycles tested up to 90 cycles, stable sheet resistance in ambient conditions tested up to 60 days, remarkably high electrical breakdown current density of ≈30 MA cm−2, strong evidence of successive charge density wave transitions, and outstanding thermal stability up to ≈800 K. Additionally, this material demonstrates excellent activity and selectivity for CO2 conversion to CO reaching ≈350 mA cm−2 at −0.8 V versus RHE with a turnover frequency number of 25. It also exhibits an excellent performance in a high-rate Li–air battery with the specific capacity of 3000 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.3 mA cm−2. This study uncovers the multifunctionality in 1D TMTC alloys for a wide range of applications and opens a new direction for the design of the next generation low-dimensional materials.
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| 2. |
- Majidi, Leily, et al.
(författare)
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Nanostructured Conductive Metal Organic Frameworks for Sustainable Low Charge Overpotentials in Li-Air Batteries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 18:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium–oxygen batteries are among the most attractive alternatives for future electrified transportation. However, their practical application is hindered by many obstacles. Due to the insulating nature of Li2O2 product and the slow kinetics of reactions, attaining sustainable low charge overpotentials at high rates becomes a challenge resulting in the battery's early failure and low round trip efficiency. Herein, outstanding characteristics are discovered of a conductive metal organic framework (c-MOF) that promotes the growth of nanocrystalline Li2O2 with amorphous regions. This provides a platform for the continuous growth of Li2O2 units away from framework, enabling a fast discharge at high current rates. Moreover, the Li2O2 structure works in synergy with the redox mediator (RM). The conductivity of the amorphous regions of the Li2O2 allows the RM to act directly on the Li2O2 surface instead of catalyst edges and then transport through the electrolyte to the Li2O2 surface. This direct charge transfer enables a small charge potential of <3.7 V under high current densities (1–2 A g−1) sustained for a long cycle life (100–300 cycles) for large capacities (1000–2000 mAh g−1). These results open a new direction for utilizing c-MOFs towards advanced energy storage systems.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Shuxi, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Anisotropic Growth of One-Dimensional Midentropy Nanoribbons
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:15, s. 15053-15064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-dimensional (1D) materials demonstrate anisotropic in-plane physical properties that enable a wide range of functionalities in electronics, photonics, valleytronics, optoelectronics, and catalysis. Here, we undertake an in-depth study of the growth mechanism for equimolar midentropy alloy of (NbTaTi)0.33S3 nanoribbons as a model system for 1D transition metal trichalcogenide structures. To understand the thermodynamic and kinetic effects in the growth process, the energetically preferred phases at different synthesis temperatures and times are investigated, and the phase evolution is inspected at a sequence of growth steps. It is uncovered that the dynamics of the growth process occurs at four different stages via preferential incorporation of chemical species at high-surface-energy facets. Also, a sequence of temperature and time dependent nonuniform to uniform phase evolutions has emerged in the composition and structure of (NbTaTi)0.33S3 which is described based on an anisotropic vapor–solid (V–S) mechanism. Furthermore, direct evidence for the 3D structure of the charge density wave (CDW) phase (width less than 100 nm) is provided by three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) in individual nanoribbons at cryogenic temperature, and detailed comparisons are made between the phases obtained before and after CDW transformation. This study provides important fundamental information for the design and synthesis of future 1D alloy structures.
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| 4. |
- Zare, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Distortions as Trauma-Specific Irrational Beliefs Among Burn Patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Burn Care & Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 1559-047X .- 1559-0488. ; 40:3, s. 361-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Burn injuries are most certainly stressful events, particularly when permanent disfigurement is a result. This situation can lead to the onset of irrational beliefs which can in turn lead to long-term psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, shame, guilt, posttraumatic stress, etc. The objective of this study is to explore the irrational beliefs among burn patients and its correlates in an Iranian sample. This cross-sectional study included 329 patients who had experienced disfigurement, as result of burn injuries. In order to assess irrational beliefs, a Scale for Irrational Thoughts after Burning was used. To identify correlated variables with irrational beliefs, both bivariate and multivariate analysis methods were conducted. In multivariate linear regression, forward strategy was used for building the model. The results of bivariate analysis showed that the location of the burn on bodies (body parts generally exposed in social environment or parts culturally perceived as sensitive areas of body), marital status, urbanities, age group, geographical areas, etiology of burning, and intent of injury had significant relationships with irrational beliefs (P < .05). Using forward linear regression, gender, marital status, geographical areas, etiology of burning, body burn by location (body parts generally exposed in social environment or parts culturally perceived as sensitive areas of body), and intent of injury had significant correlation with irrational beliefs. The models predicted 15.5% (P < .001) of irrational beliefs. Considering to irrational beliefs and development of facilities for screening is necessary. Moreover, consultation with mental health experts after burn injuries is highly recommended.
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| 5. |
- Zare, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Irrational thinking and its predictors among burn patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1475-5785 .- 1353-8047. ; 24
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Burn injuries are most certainly stressful events, particularly when permanent disfigurement is a result. This situation can lead to the onset of irrational beliefs which can in turn lead to long-term psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, shame, guilt, posttraumatic stress, etc. The objective of this study is to determinate predictors of irrational beliefs among burn patients in Iran. Method This cross-sectional study was carried out on a total of 329 burn patients. In order to assess irrational beliefs, Scale for Irrational Thoughts after Burning (SITB) was used. To identify predictors of irrational thoughts, both bivariate and multivariate analysis method were conducted. In multivariate linear regression, forward strategy was used for building the model. Preliminary variable selection for model design was based on a p<0.2 and final decision for keeping the variables in the model was based on a p<0.05. Results The results of bivariate analysis showed that body burned location (body parts generally exposed in social environment or parts culturally perceived as sensitive areas of body), marital status, urbanities, age group, geographical areas, etiology of burning and intent of injury had significant relationships with irrational thoughts. (p<0.05) Using forward linear regression, gender, marital status, geographical areas, etiology of burning, body burned location (body parts generally exposed in social environment or parts culturally perceived as sensitive areas of body), and intent of injury were significant predictors of the SITB. The models predicted 15.5 percent (p<0.001) of irrational thoughts. Conclusion Considering to irrational thoughts and development of facilities for screening is necessary. Moreover, consultation with mental health experts after burn injuries is highly recommended.
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| 6. |
- Zare, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of a New Instrument for Assessing Irrational Thoughts in Burn Victims (Scale of Irrational Thoughts After Burn Injuries)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Burn Care & Research. - : Oxford University Press. - 1559-047X .- 1559-0488. ; 38:5, s. e834-e841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a scale for assessing irrational thoughts among burned patients. The present study was mixed (qualitative-methodologic) which was performed in several stages such as investigating similar or related scales, interviewing with patients and psychologists. Content validity was calculated by modified KAPPA basis on relevance and clarity. The reliability of the scale was measured using internal consistency and the test-retest method. To determine the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis approach using maximum likelihood extraction with varimax rotation was conducted. A total of 329 burned patients were recruited from Tehran, Tabriz, and Kermanshah provinces of Iran. Modified kappa scores were 0.80 and 0.91 for relevance and clarity of the items included in scale. The Cronbach alpha for overall scale, subscale 1, and subscale 2 were 0.89, 0.88, and 0.8, respectively. Test-retest reliability was also acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.80). The best solution from the maximum likelihood analysis of the 39 items of the scale revealed two factors corresponding to the two subscales with 14 items that subscale 1 (self-acceptance) consisted of 10 statements accounting for 60% of the variance (eigenvalue = 5.04) and subscale 2 (distastefulness and pity) consisted of four statements accounting for 40% of the variance (eigenvalue = 1.53). The scale reflects acceptable levels of validity and reliability in assessing the irrational thoughts among Iranian patients. Moreover, the testing populations of both patients with burned faces and patients with other burned body parts indicates that the scale may also be applicable for patients' burn disfigurements on any part of their bodies.
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