| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jeon, S., et al.
(författare)
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An assessment of corporate average fuel economy standards for passenger cars in South Korea
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 13:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The shift in consumer preferences for large-sized cars has increased the energy intensity (EI) of passenger cars, while growth in battery electric vehicle (BEV) sales has decreased EI in recent years in South Korea. In order to lower passenger cars' EI, the South Korean government has implemented the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards with a credit system, in which the sale of one energy-efficient car (for example, a BEV) can get multiple credits. This study analyzes CAFE standards in terms of both the EI improvement sensitivity scenarios and the degree of credits for BEVs and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) by using the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). In this study, passenger cars include small, medium, and large sedans, sport utility vehicles (SUVs) of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), BEVs, and FCEVs. The findings of this study are as follows: First, from the policy design perspective, a proper setting of the credit system for BEVs and FCEVs is a very important variable for automakers to achieve CAFE standards. Second, from the technology promotion perspective, active promotion of fuel efficiency improvements through CAFE standards are important since Better-EI and Best-EI scenarios are found to achieve CAFE standards even when a BEV or a FCEV receives a credit of one car sale in 2030.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Borja-Barrera, S. M., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of efficiency of mobile operators in South America
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information and communication technologies policies and practices. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781608766710 ; , s. 145-165
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Telecommunications plays a major role worldwide with the aim of achieving a bettersocial life for citizens and is one of the major factors contributing to economic growth.This study provides an efficiency analysis of mobile operators in Colombia, Venezuela,Chile and Brazil.For the empirical analysis, the stochastic frontier functions approach is employed toanalyze data from 10 mobile operators from the sample countries. Mobile operators inColombia are compared with others from Venezuela, Chile, and Brazil. Panel data from2005 to 2007 is used in the analysis.The efficiency estimation for each operator over time shows that the level is affectedby some firms and market characteristics such as: type of ownership, market share, typeof technology and firm level wages. One of the main findings of this research is thatsmaller operators work at the same level of efficiency compared with their largercounterparts. ©2010 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Chae, S., et al.
(författare)
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The effects of lifetime work experience on incidence and severity of elderly poverty in Korea
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Social and Economic Development. - : Springer. - 0972-5792.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the characteristics that contribute to elderly poverty, mainly focusing on individuals’ lifetime work experience. It adopts the heterogeneous relative poverty line. It calculates the work experience and obtains demographic variables using the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study’s survey data for 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015. The objective is to estimate poverty among elderly and explain its variations in relation to individual characteristics and lifetime work experience. Poverty is measured in terms of the head count, poverty gap and the poverty severity indices based on monetary dimensions, namely income and consumption. The methodology used in this study is a logit model to explain the incidence of poverty and a sample selection model to analyze the depth and severity of poverty. The results show that an increase in the total work years and a decrease in the gap years between jobs reduce incidence and depth of poverty.
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| 8. |
- Eqtami, A., et al.
(författare)
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Self-triggered model predictive control for nonholonomic systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 European Control Conference, ECC 2013. - : IEEE. - 9783033039629 ; , s. 638-643
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework combined with a self-triggering mechanism for constrained uncertain systems. Under the proposed scheme, the control input as well as the next control update time are provided at each triggering instant. Between two consecutive triggering instants, the control trajectory given by the MPC is applied to the plant in an open-loop fashion. This results to less frequent computations while preserving stability and convergence of the closed-loop system. A scenario for the stabilization of a nonholonomic robot subject to constraints and disturbances is considered, with the aim of reaching a specific triggering mechanism. The robot under the proposed control framework is driven to a compact set where it is ultimately bounded. The efficiency of the proposed approach is illustrated through a simulated example.
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| 9. |
- Eqtami, A., et al.
(författare)
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Self-triggered model predictive control framework for the cooperation of distributed nonholonomic agents
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 IEEE 52nd Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467357173 ; , s. 7384-7389
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we propose a decentralized Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework with a self-triggering mechanism, for a team of cooperating agents. The nonholonomic agents are controlled locally and exchange information with their neighbors. The aim at scheduling the control updates based on a self-triggering criterion is twofold: To reduce the updates of the control law for each agent and to reduce the communication effort between the agents. The input-to-state (abbr. ISS) stability of the agents is proven, the condition for triggering is provided and the theoretic results are then depicted by a simulated example.
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| 10. |
- Färe, R., et al.
(författare)
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A note on decomposing the Malmquist productivity index by means of subvector homotheticity
- 2001
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Ingår i: Economic Theory. - : Springer-Verlag. - 0938-2259 .- 1432-0479. ; 17:1, s. 239-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces a decomposition of the Malmquist productivity index into component indexes. The motivation is to derive an analogue of the decomposition of the Törnqvist index into productivity and quality change provided by Fixler and Zieschang (1992) to the Malmquist index. Since we employ no second order approximations, this decomposition requires additional structure, namely a generalized version of Shephard’s (1970) inverse homotheticity, which we dub subvector homotheticity. We show that subvector homotheticity is necessary and sufficient for our decomposition.
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| 11. |
- Färe, R., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of productivity and quality in non-marketable services. With application to schools
- 2006
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Ingår i: Quality Assurance in Education. - : Emerald. - 0968-4883 .- 1758-7662. ; 14:1, s. 21-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - This paper seeks to model and compute productivity, including a measure of quality, of a service which does not have marketable outputs - namely public education at the micro level. This application is a case study for Sweden public schools. Design/methodology/approach - A Malmquist productivity index is employed which allows for multiple outputs or outcomes such as test results and promotions without requiring price data with which to aggregate these outputs. It also allows one to account for inputs such as teachers and facilities as well as proxies for quality of the inputs (e.g. experience of teachers) and outputs. This model generalizes the basic data envelopment analysis (DEA) models - used successfully to measure performance in many educational applications - to the intertemporal case. A way of computing quality and quantity components of overall productivity is employed. Findings - The case study is an application to the Swedish primary and secondary school system over the 1992 to 1995 period. It was found that quality "matters", i.e. productivity growth changes when one accounts for quantity. Research limitations/implications - The data available implied that the specification is restricted to an intermediate production model, i.e. the output data only account for the intermediate outcomes of education like grades and promotions, but not the longer term outcomes related to success in the job market or higher education, which one proposed as a task for future research. Originality/value - The indices which are computed at the micro level are of value for policy purposes (does investment in quality matter?) and in an evaluation context. ©Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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| 12. |
- Gholami, R., et al.
(författare)
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The causal relationship between information and communication technology and foreign direct investment
- 2006
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Ingår i: The World Economy. - : Wiley. - 0378-5920 .- 1467-9701. ; 29:1, s. 43-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the simultaneous causal relationship between investments in information and communication technology (ICT) and flows of foreign direct investment (FDI), with reference to its implications on economic growth. For the empirical analysis we use data from 23 major countries with heterogeneous economic development for the period 1976-99. Our causality test results suggest that there is a causal relationship from ICT to FDI in developed countries, which means that a higher level of ICT investment leads to an increase inflow of FDI. ICT may contribute to economic growth indirectly by attracting more FDI. Contrarily, we could not find significant causality from ICT to FDI in developing countries. Instead, we have partial evidence of opposite causality relationship: the inflow of FDI causes further increases in ICT investment and production capacity. ©United Nations University 2006.
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| 13. |
- Herrman, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency and Effectiveness of Social Spending
- 2009
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Ingår i: Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. ; 35:1, s. 13-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this qualitative sociological and quantitative economic policy paper, we start out from the assumption of a very recent European Commission Background paper on the ”Efficiency and effectiveness of social spending“, which says the effectiveness of social spending can be defined by the degree to which the realized allocation approaches the socially desired outcome. The conclusions listed in the Commission paper are found far reaching and not supported by the empirical data. We perform such an analysis, starting from advances in recent literature. A more encompassing sociological perspective on the issue and factor analytical calculations is presented, which supports our general argument about the efficiency of the Scandinavian model. The social quality approach provides an alternative perspective on welfare system analysis, focusing on public policies rather than social policies. The empirical evidence, suggests that in terms of the efficiency of the European social model, the geography of comparative performance include: the direct action against social exclusion, health and family social expenditures, the neo-liberal approach, and the unemployment benefit centred approach. Applying rigorous comparative social science methodology, we also arrive at the conclusion that in terms of the initial ECOFIN definition of efficiency, the data presented in this article suggest that apart from Finland and the Netherlands, three new EU-27 member countries, especially the Czech Republic and Slovenia, provide interesting answers to the question about the efficiency of state expenditures in reducing poverty rates.
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| 14. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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A general model of technical change with an application to the OECD countries
- 2014
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Ingår i: Economics of Innovation and New Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1043-8599 .- 1476-8364. ; 23:1, s. 25-48
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the neoclassical production theory technical change (TC) is specified as a function of time. However, some exogenous external factors other than time can also affect the rate of TC. In this paper, we model TC via a combination of time trend (purely non-economic) and other observable exogenous factors that shift the technology. The exogenous economic factors are used to define several technology indices. These technology indices are embedded into the production function in a flexible manner. By estimating this generalized production function, we get estimates of rate of TC which is decomposed into a pure time component as well as several components attributed to technology indices. The empirical model uses panel data on OECD, accession and enhanced engagement countries observed during 1980-2006. ©2013 Taylor & Francis.
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| 15. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency of the Swedish pork industry : A farm level study using rotating panel data 1976-1988
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Operational Research. - 0377-2217 .- 1872-6860. ; 80:3, s. 519-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the issues of technical efficiency, technical changes and bias in technical change in the Swedish pork industry using rotating panel data. We use a generalized Cobb-Douglas model, where the coefficients are linear functions of time. This allows input elasticities to vary over time. Technical changes and bias in technical change are farm- and time-specific. The model distinguishes farm heterogeneity from technical inefficiency. We use a corrected least squares procedure to estimate the model. The data consists of a rotating panel of 450 pork producing farms with a total number of 1506 observations during the period of 1976-1988. We compare the productive performance of farms by size of farm land and animal stock, and over time. The empirical results show among other things that technical change is found to be positive but rapidly declining during the period 1976-1980 turning into technical regress during the remaining period, 1981 to 1988. The mean technical efficiency is found to be around 91%.
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| 16. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of technical efficiency in Swedish crop farms : A pseudo panel data approach
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural Economics. - 0021-857X .- 1477-9552. ; 48:1, s. 22-37
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with the estimation of technical efficiency using pseudo panel data constructed from rotating panel data on Swedish crop farmers where each unit is observed for a maximum of four years. Farms are grouped into 89 cohorts, using their common time-invariant characteristics, and the cohorts are used as an individual unit in the empirical analysis. The overall technical inefficiency is decomposed into a persistent and a residual component. An alternative model with time-varying technical inefficiency is also considered. In addition to technical inefficiency, measures of returns to scale and technical change are also obtained.
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| 17. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Farm heterogeneity and technical efficiency : Some results from Swedish dairy farms
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Productivity Analysis. - 0895-562X .- 1573-0441. ; 5:1, s. 45-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces farm-heterogeneity in measuring technical efficiency of Swedish dairy farms using farm-level data. In calculating technical efficiency which is allowed to vary over time and across farms, we control for farm-specific effects. This is possible only when panel data is available. Furthermore, we separate technical efficiency from technical change-the presence of which is indicated by a shift in the production function over time, ceteris paribus. We also calculate percentage change in technical efficiency to examine whether farm efficiencies have improved over time. Finally, a comparison of technical efficiency, elasticities of different inputs, and technical change is made across different years and panels. The data includes four panels of dairy farms observed during the period 1976-1988, excluding 1985. ©1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
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| 18. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to and summary of the contributions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Kurdistan's economy and society in transition. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781622579341 ; , s. 1-6
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and Analysis of Child Well-Being in Middle and High Income Countries
- 2008
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Ingår i: The European Journal of Comparative Economics. - 1824-2979. ; 5:2, s. 187-249
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Starting from the recent UNICEF publications on child poverty in the developed countries, which received a wide audience in the political and scientific world, in this paper we further analyze the UNICEF study data base and present three composite indices that are multidimensional and quantitative measures of child well-being. While the original UNICEF studies simply added together the ranks on different measurement scales, we present a much more sophisticated approach, with the first of our indicators being a non-parametric measure, while the remaining two are parametric. In the non-parametric index of child welfare, the well-being indicators are given the same weights in their aggregation to form different components from which an overall index is being constructed. Two different forms of the parametric index are estimated by using principal component analysis. The first model uses a pool of all indicators without classification of the indicators by type of well-being, while the second model estimates first the sub-components separately and then uses the share of variance explained by each principal component to compute the weighted average of each component and their aggregation into an index of overall child well-being. The indices indicate which countries have the best system of child welfare and show how child well-being varies across countries and regions. The indices are composed of six well-being components including material, health and safety, educational well-being, family and peer relationships, behaviours and risks and subjective well-being. Each of the components is generated from a number of well-being sub-indicators.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2012
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Kurdistan's economy and society in transition. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781622579341 ; , s. ix-x
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
-
Preface
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Information and communication technologies policies and practices. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781608766710 ; , s. vii-xi
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Technical change and total factor productivity growth : The case of Chinese provinces
- 2011
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 78:4, s. 575-590
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the literature technical change (TC) is mostly assumed to be exogenous and specified as a function of the time trend or time dummies. However, some exogenous external factors other than time can also affect TC. In this paper we model TC via time trend (external non-economic) as well as other exogenous (external economic) factors (technology shifters). For this we define technology indices based on the external economic factors and the time trend. The specification of production function is then amended to accommodate these technology indices which are not necessarily separable from the traditional inputs. That is, these technology indices allow for non-neutral shift in the production function. In doing so we are able to decompose TC (a component of TFP change) into two parts. One part is driven by time and the other part is related to producer-specific external economic factors. The latter can further be decomposed into each external economic factors. The empirical model uses panel data on Chinese provinces. We identify a number of key technology shifters and their effect on technical change and TFP growth of provinces are examined. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.
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| 24. |
- Heshmati-alamdari, S., et al.
(författare)
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A Robust Force Control Approach for Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: IFAC-PapersOnLine. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8963. ; 50:1, s. 11197-11202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In various interaction tasks using Underwater Vehicle Manipulator Systems (UVMSs) (e.g. sampling of the sea organisms, underwater welding), important factors such as: i) uncertainties and complexity of UVMS dynamic model ii) external disturbances (e.g. sea currents and waves) iii) imperfection and noises of measuring sensors iv) steady state performance as well as v) inferior overshoot of interaction force error, should be addressed during the force control design. Motivated by the above factors, this paper presents a model-free control protocol for force controlling of an Underwater Vehicle Manipulator System which is in contact with an unknown compliant environment, without incorporating any knowledge of the UVMS's dynamic model, exogenous disturbances and sensor's noise model. Moreover, the transient and steady state response as well as reduction of overshooting force error are solely determined by certain designer-specified performance functions and are fully decoupled by the UVMS's dynamic model, the control gain selection, as well as the initial conditions. Finally, a simulation study clarifies the proposed method and verifies its efficiency.
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| 25. |
- Heshmati-Alamdari, S., et al.
(författare)
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A self-triggered visual servoing model predictive control scheme for under-actuated underwater robotic vehicles
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 3826-3831
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a novel Vision-based Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) scheme for an under-actuated underwater robotic vehicle. In this scheme, the control loop does not close periodically, but instead a self-triggering framework decides when to provide the next control update. Between two consecutive triggering instants, the control sequence computed by the NMPC is applied to the system in an open-loop fashion, i.e, no state measurements are required during that period. This results to a significant smaller number of requested measurements from the vision system, as well as less frequent computations of the control law, reducing in that way the processing time and the energy consumption. The image constraints (i.e preserving the target inside the camera's field of view), the external disturbances induced by currents and waves, as well as the vehicle's kinematic constraints due to under-actuation, are being considered during the control design. The closed-loop system has analytically guaranteed stability and convergence properties, while the performance of the proposed control scheme is experimentally verified using a small under-actuated underwater vehicle in a test tank.
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| 26. |
- Heshmati, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Pathways Linking Parental Care and Control to Loneliness in Breast Cancer Patients with A History of Childhood Maltreatment : Exploring the Mediating Roles of Ambivalence Over Emotional Expression and Self-Discrepancy
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Interpersonal Violence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0886-2605 .- 1552-6518. ; 39:9-10, s. 2261-2289
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for loneliness and is linked to breast cancer. Parental bonding experienced during one’s childhood also plays a significant role in increasing or decreasing the risk of loneliness later in life. Previous research has highlighted the significance of ambivalence over emotional expression (AEE) and self-discrepancy in the psychological adaptation of breast cancer patients, particularly concerning the impact of parental care and control experienced by patients in their relationship with their parents during childhood. Nevertheless, previous studies have not examined the mediating effects of AEE and self-discrepancy on parental care and control, as well as loneliness, in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate whether AEE and self-discrepancy mediate the association of childhood parental care and control with loneliness in breast cancer patients with a history of childhood maltreatment. One hundred and thirty-three breast cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy within the first 3 months post-diagnosis were recruited from one private and three public hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, to complete questionnaires. Parental bonding, loneliness, AEE, and self-discrepancy were assessed using the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, Ambivalence over the Expression of Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ), and Self-Discrepancies Scale (S-DS). Mediation models were tested using structural equation modeling. Effects of parental care (β = −.17, p <.05) and control (β =.21, p <.001) on loneliness were significant. Furthermore, both AEE (β =.19, p <.05) and self-discrepancy (β =.23, p <.01) significantly predicted loneliness. The pathway between parental care and AEE was significant (β = −.21, p <.001), as was the direct effect of parental control on self-discrepancy (β =.19, p <.05). Bootstrapping results showed that AEE significantly mediated the relationship between parental care and loneliness (95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.09, −0.01]). In addition, there was a significant indirect effect from parental control to loneliness via self-discrepancy (95% CI [0.11, 0.01]). These findings suggest that AEE and self-discrepancy could potentially be utilized in preventing or addressing loneliness in breast cancer patients who have a history of childhood maltreatment. Future research could, for example, assess whether integrating psychosocial interventions focusing on these variables as part of medical care can improve the mental health status of this subgroup of breast cancer patients who have experienced childhood maltreatment.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Heshmati, Y, et al.
(författare)
-
The histone chaperone NAP1L3 is required for haematopoietic stem cell maintenance and differentiation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8:1, s. 11202-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nucleosome assembly proteins (NAPs) are histone chaperones with an important role in chromatin structure and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. We find that high gene expression levels of mouse Nap1l3 are restricted to haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in mice. Importantly, with shRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 mediated loss of function of mouse Nap1l3 and with overexpression of the gene, the number of colony-forming cells and myeloid progenitor cells in vitro are reduced. This manifests as a striking decrease in the number of HSCs, which reduces their reconstituting activities in vivo. Downregulation of human NAP1L3 in umbilical cord blood (UCB) HSCs impairs the maintenance and proliferation of HSCs both in vitro and in vivo. NAP1L3 downregulation in UCB HSCs causes an arrest in the G0 phase of cell cycle progression and induces gene expression signatures that significantly correlate with downregulation of gene sets involved in cell cycle regulation, including E2F and MYC target genes. Moreover, we demonstrate that HOXA3 and HOXA5 genes are markedly upregulated when NAP1L3 is suppressed in UCB HSCs. Taken together, our findings establish an important role for NAP1L3 in HSC homeostasis and haematopoietic differentiation.
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| 29. |
- Hjalmarsson, L., et al.
(författare)
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DEA, DFA and SFA : A comparison
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of Productivity Analysis. - 0895-562X .- 1573-0441. ; 7:2-3, s. 303-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) model has become increasingly popular in the analysis of productive efficiency, and the number of empirical applications is now very large. Recent theoretical and mathematical research has also contributed to a deeper understanding of the seemingly simple but inherently complex DEA model. Less effort has, however, been directed toward comparisons between DEA and other competing efficiency analysis models. This paper undertakes a comparison of the DEA, the deterministic parametric (DFA), and the stochastic frontier (SFA) models. Efficiency comparisons across models in the above categories are done based on 15 Colombian cement plants observed during 1968-1988. ©1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
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| 30. |
-
Information and communication technologies policies and practices
- 2011
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This volume serves as an international forum focusing on the information and communication technology policies and practices which have led to the rapid and remarkable record of high and sustained economic growth of Asian countries since the middle of the second half of the 20th century. It aims to provide an up-to-date and in-depth analysis of five factors crucial to the success of the ICT industry and technology transfer in some specific countries in Asia. These factors include: the development of ICT policy, the contribution of ICT sectors to the economy, the productivity and efficiency of ICT sectors, E-government utilization in the provision of public services, and the effectiveness of globalization and technology transfer. ©2010 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 31. |
- Kumbhakar, S. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Efficiency measurement in Swedish dairy farms : an application of rotating panel data, 1976-88
- 1995
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Agricultural Economics. - 0002-9092 .- 1467-8276. ; 77:3, s. 660-674
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces a new specification of technical inefficiency in panel data models. First, the overall technical inefficiency is decomposed into a persistent component and a residual component. Second, a multistep procedure is used to estimate the parameters of the production function as well as persistent and residual technical inefficiency. The advantage of this multistep procedure is that the parameter estimates are robust to distributional assumptions on the error components. Distributional assumptions are required in the final stage to estimate the residual component of technical inefficiency. The model is used to examine technical efficiency in Swedish dairy farms during the period 1976 to 1988.
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| 32. |
- Kumbhakar, S. C., et al.
(författare)
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How fast do banks adjust? : A dynamic model of labor-use with an application to Swedish banks
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Productivity Analysis. - 0895-562X .- 1573-0441. ; 18:1, s. 79-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with a dynamic adjustment process in which adjustment of a key variable input (labor) towards its desired level is modeled in a panel data context. The partial adjustment type model is extended to make the adjustment parameter both firm- and time-specific by specifying it as a function of firm- and time-specific variables. Desired level of labor use is represented by a labor requirement function, which is a function of outputs and other firm-specific variables. The catch-up factor is defined as the ratio of actual to desired level of employment. Productivity growth is then defined in terms of a shift in the desired level of labor use and the change in the catch-up factor. Swedish banking data is used as an application of the above model.
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| 33. |
- Kumbhakar, S. C., et al.
(författare)
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Parametric approaches to productivity measurement : A comparison among alternative models
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 101:3, s. 405-424
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with modeling total factor productivity (TFP) growth in a flexible manner using panel data. Several competing parametric models are used to explore whether there are any similarities in the estimates of TFP growth and technical change among these models. Using a primal approach, we decompose TFP growth into different components. The models are then used to measure productivity and technical change in the Swedish cement industry. In general, the results are found to be model dependent and often conflicting, although much less so for returns to scale and overall productivity growth.
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| 34. |
- Kumbhakar, S. C., et al.
(författare)
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Temporal patterns of technical efficiency : Results from competing models
- 1997
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Organization. - 0167-7187 .- 1873-7986. ; 15:5, s. 597-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years several models have been proposed to estimate time-varying technical efficiency. These models differ to a great extent in specification and estimation. This paper undertakes a comparison between different specifications proposed in earlier research. The models are used to estimate the technical efficiency of 15 Colombian cement plants observed in the period 1968-1988. The efficiency scores and the time path of efficiency are found to vary substantially across models. ©1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 35. |
- Oh, I., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of product efficiency in the Korean automobile market from a consumer’s perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: Empirical Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0377-7332 .- 1435-8921. ; 38:1, s. 119-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we develop and describe a conceptual and methodological framework to measure technical and allocative efficiency at the product level considering consumer choice, which encompasses overall efficiency. Empirically, we combined data envelopment analysis and a discrete choice model in order to measure efficiency levels. The suggested framework is applied to the Korean automobile market. The relationship between the level of efficiency and market performance is discussed in terms of market share. ©Springer-Verlag 2009.
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| 36. |
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Perspectives on Kurdistan’s economy and society in transition
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The First World Kurdish Congress was held in October 2011 at Rotterdam with the theme of researching science and culture towards increased progress in Kurdistan. The papers presented focused on various important aspects of health, education, economy, culture and political science in Kurdistan. The objective was to create a network of academicians to exchange and develop knowledge on how to further enhance the progress within the Kurdish society. This book is a collection of 20 studies presented at the Congress. The presentation topics are diverse, covering several areas pertinent to the current Kurdish situation. The studies are divided into eight areas including: human rights and freedom; greater Kurdistan, education and nation building; diaspora; politics and international relations; corruption; health care and trauma; and economy, business and science and technology. ©2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Tausch, Arno, et al.
(författare)
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On the Multivariate Analysis of the "Lisbon Process"
- 2010
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Ingår i: History & Mathematics: Processes and Models of Global Dynamics. - Volgograd : ‘Uchitel’ Publishing House. - 9785705726653 ; , s. 92-137
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Starting from Professor Kornai's assertion about the necessity to focus on the long-term perspectives of the transformation process, we analyze in this paper the Lisbon performance of the countries of the European Union from such a long-term, structural perspective. We present in a simple form the mathematical methods used in this essay. Then, we analyze Lisbon indicator performance by factor analytical means. We conclude that only a Schumpeterian vision of capitalism as a process of "creative destruction" – or rather – "destructive creation" can explain these contradictions, which we empirically reveal in this analysis, and which beset the "Lisbon process" from the very beginning. Our factor analysis tells us that a majority of the kernel Lisbon indicators go indeed hand in hand with high comparative price levels; high freight transport; high greenhouse gas emissions; low business investment rates; and low youth educational attainment rates. We conclude that in reality we are facing four underlying and contradictory processes including a Lisbon productivity factor; high eco-social exclusion; the employment performance; and the neo-liberal European model.
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| 39. |
- Wang, S., et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between efficiency and ownership structure : The case of China’s listed ICT companies
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information and communication technologies policies and practices. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781608766710 ; , s. 119-144
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- If we take an overview of enterprise reform in China during the last 30 years, we willfind that this process has always been accompanied by the debate of ownership identityand ownership structure. Numerous pieces of research on the relationship between theefficiency and ownership structure in China have been undertaken, but the conclusionsvary and even contradict each other. This dissertation will explore the uniquecharacteristics of the ownership structure of Chinese companies, and illustrate the effectsof ownership structure on the efficiency of companies and finally discuss how to adjustthe ownership structure to improve their efficiency. Unbalance panel data for listed ICTcompanies from 2003 to 2007 are collected to conduct an empirical analysis of therelationship between performance and the ownership structure of firms. A two-stepprocedure is used. In the first step, data envelopment analysis (DEA) Window model isapplied to measure the efficiencies of these companies. In the second step, the Tobitregression model is used to establish the relationship between efficiency and theownership structure, to identify the determinants of efficiency and to estimate theirimpacts. A sensitivity analysis with respect to model specification is conducted. Inaddition, this dissertation attempts to provide an explanation for the conclusions drawn,and provides policy guidelines for future adjustments in the ownership structure. Inconclusion, the results suggest that the proportions of state-owned and private corporateshares do not affect the efficiency of companies significantly. However, the ownershipconcentration exhibits a positive impact on the efficiency level of the sample ICT firms. ©2010 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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