| 1. |
- Ekström, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Differentiation strategies for defence supply chain design
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2399-6439. ; 4:2, s. 183-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeDefence supply chains (SCs) aim at operational outcomes, and armed forces depend on them to provide availability and preparedness in peace and sustainability in war. Previous research has focussed on strategies for SCs aiming at financial outcomes. This raises the question of how suitable commercial supply chain strategies (SCSs) are for supply chain design (SCD) in defence. The purpose of this paper is to explain the constructs of SCSs that satisfy military operational requirements and to propose SCSs that are appropriate in defence.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on a Delphi study with 20 experts from Swedish defence authorities. Through three Delphi rounds, two workshops and a validation round, these experts contributed to the reported findings.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that commercial SC constructs are acceptable and applicable in defence but not sufficient. An additional strategy is required to satisfy requirements on availability, preparedness and sustainability. The paper shows that different requirements in peace and war make it challenging to design suitable defence SCs and proposes eight SCSs that satisfy these requirements.Research limitations/implicationsThe results emanate from the Swedish defence context and further research is required for generalisation.Originality/valueThis paper extends theory by investigating SCs aiming at operational outcomes. For managers in companies and defence authorities, it explicates how the unique issues in defence must influence SCD to satisfy operational requirements.
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| 2. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ekström, Thomas, 1961-
(författare)
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Segmentation and differentiation in defence supply chain design : A dynamic purchasing portfolio model for defence procurement
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An important priority in the current Swedish Defence Bill is to increase the operational warfighting capability of the Swedish Armed Forces, which has implications for the defence supply chain. A recent study suggested that the Swedish Armed Forces should use segmentation of supplies and differentiation of supply chains to enable an affordable supply chain design (SCD). This raises questions regarding which segmentation model and which supply chain strategies (SCSs) the Swedish Armed Forces should use.The purpose of this research is to design and develop a purchasing portfolio model (PPM) for defence procurement, which will be of practical use for defence authorities. The author defines a PPM as consisting of a segmentation model, tactical levers, differentiation strategies and guidance for management decisions. The research builds on a Delphi study with twenty experts from Swedish defence authorities. It addresses the operational requirements on readiness and sustainability that must be satisfied, as well as research gaps and open issues in the literature regarding PPM design and application.The findings include several novelties. The author proposes a dynamic PPM, including an innovative two-stage segmentation model, with a precursor and a two-dimensional model. The latter merges sixteen elements into one square and three other segments. Another originality is that the PPM is both prescriptive and serves as a catalyst for in-depth discussions. The author also develops guidance for management decisions, including twelve tactical levers, and eight SCSs to differentiate treatment of the supply segments.The research contributes to theory by combining constructs from the purchasing and supply management (PSM) literature and supply chain management (SCM) literature, and applying them in the context of military logistics, including defence procurement. It contributes to practice by developing a PPM that is relevant to practitioners in defence procurement and satisfies the operational requirements of the Swedish Armed Forces. It also contributes to methodology by investigating how researchers can use two panels in Delphi studies to enhance research validity.
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| 6. |
- Ekström, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a purchasing portfolio model for defence procurement – A Delphi study of Swedish defence authorities
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0925-5273 .- 1873-7579. ; 233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explains the constructs of a purchasing portfolio model (PPM) that defence authorities can use in practice in defence procurement and designs a segmentation model. We identify open PPM design and application questions in the literature and conduct a Delphi study with twenty experts from Swedish defence authorities to design a segmentation model that is fit-for-purpose. The paper addresses the open design and application questions discussed in the literature and satisfies the operational requirements of the Swedish Armed Forces (SwAF). The proposed segmentation model builds on three dimensions: the operational requirements of the SwAF, the market's ability to deliver supplies on time, and limitations in the SwAF operational capability if the market does not deliver supplies on time. To reduce complexity, we propose a two-stage model in which we use one dimension as a precursor to a two-dimensional model. In the latter, we merge sixteen elements into one square along with three other segments which users should treat differently. The paper contributes to extant academic knowledge on PPMs by eliciting practitioners' views on open design and application questions. We develop the proposed segmentation model in cooperation with practitioners and believe that it will be of value in defence procurement practice.
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| 7. |
- Adlemo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic generation of fuzzy inference rules in a reshoring decision context
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Operations and Supply Chain Management, Vietnam, 2019. - : OSCM. - 9786027060470
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a decision-support system for reshoring decision-making based on fuzzy logic. The construction and functionality of the decision-support system is briefly outlined and evaluated in a highcost environment contemplating six specific decision criteria, namely cost, quality, time, flexibility, innovation and sustainability. A major challenge with fuzzy logic solutions has to do with the construction of the fuzzy inference rules. In the relocation domain, the fuzzy inference rules represent the knowledge and competence of relocation experts and they are usually created manually by the same experts. One obstacle is that the complexity of the fuzzy inference rules increases with the number of decision criteria. To overcome this complexity issue, this paper presents a solution whereby the fuzzy inference rules are automatically generated by applying one hundred reshoring scenarios as input data. The reshoring decision recommendations produced by the fuzzy logic decision-support system are demonstrated to be close to those of human reshoring domain experts.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Adlemo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Reshoring decision support in a Swedish context
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a decision-support system for reshoring decision-making based on fuzzy logic. The construction and functionality of the decision-support system are described, and the functionality is evaluated in a high cost environment exemplified through a Swedish context. Ten different reshoring scenarios, provided by Swedish reshoring experts, are entered into the decision-support system and the decision recommendations provided by the system are presented. The confidence that can be put on the recommendations is demonstrated by comparing them with those of the reshoring experts. The positive results obtained indicate that fuzzy logic is both feasible and that the quality of the results are sufficiently good for reshoring decision-making.
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| 11. |
- Adlemo, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Semi-Automatic Generation of a Fuzzy Inference System in a Reshoring Context
- 2020
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Ingår i: SPS2020. - : IOS Press. - 9781643681467 - 9781643681474 ; , s. 599-609
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reshoring can be regarded as offshoring in reverse. While offshoring mainly has been driven by cost aspects, reshoring considers multiple aspects, such as higher quality demands, faster product delivery and product mass-customization. Where to locate manufacturing is usually a purely manual activity that relies on relocation experts, hence, an automated decision-support system would be extremely useful. This paper presents a decision-support system for reshoring decision-making building a fuzzy inference system. The construction and functionality of the fuzzy inference system is briefly outlined and evaluated within a high-cost environment considering six specific reshoring decision criteria, namely cost, quality, time, flexibility, innovation and sustainability. A challenge in fuzzy logic relates to the construction of the so called fuzzy inference rules. In the relocation domain, fuzzy inference rules represent the knowledge and competence of relocation experts and are usually generated manually by the same experts. This paper presents a solution where fuzzy inference rules are automatically generated applying one hundred reshoring scenarios as input data. Another important aspect in fuzzy logic relates to the membership functions. These are mostly manually defined but, in this paper, a semi-Automatic approach is presented. The reshoring decision recommendations produced by the semi-Automatically configured fuzzy inference system are shown to be as accurate as those of a manually configured fuzzy inference system.
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| 12. |
- Albertzeth, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating transportation disruptions in a supply chain : a cost-effective strategy
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1367-5567 .- 1469-848X. ; 23:2, s. 139-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportation disruptions can be damaging to a supply chain because goods may not arrive on time and this jeopardises the service level to the customers. While supply chain disruptions have gained significant attention from scholars, little has been done to explore these disruptions in the context of transportation. The study described in this paper aims to address disruptions occurring in the transportation of goods from a plant to a distribution centre. We modelled this real case to obtain insights on the effectiveness of different strategies to mitigate transportation disruptions. We evaluated four mitigation strategies and compared the outcomes in terms of service level and total costs: (1) the risk acceptance strategy, (2) the redundant stock strategy, (3) the flexible route strategy, and (4) the redundant-flexibility strategy. The results suggest that the best strategy differs depending on the budget that managers are willing to deploy to improve the service level. The simulation experiments and the use of the Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) would be instrumental in helping decision makers in selecting the best disruption mitigation strategies where the best option would likely be different under varying circumstances.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Roy, et al.
(författare)
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Lean implementation in geriatric care in a municipal : A case study from Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Technology Innovation and Industrial Management, 28th-30th May 2014, Seoul, South Korea. ; , s. S4-87-S4-99
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this research is to examine how lean has been implemented at geriatric care in a municipal department in Sweden, focusing on the experiences and challenges of the employees, together with the strengths and weaknesses of the lean philosophy.Design/methodology/approach: The primary method used was a case study with interviews and observations on spot, in combination with a literature study. All with the intention of defining and describing lean, its value, and how organizations generally apply lean.Findings: All sources of information have shown that there are many advantages with lean such as better communication and a better-organized workplace. In addition, lean tools help to eliminate non-value adding activities (waste). However, implementations also bring about issues and challenges such as the difficulty of creating a long lasting lean commitment. A lack of follow-ups and the decreasing demand for lean from the executives have been the main issues within the geriatric care. The next step might be to create a common organizational culture, which is permeated with continuous improvements, focusing on value-adding activities for the residents and others stakeholders.Originality/value: Very few studies have addressed lean implementation in geriatric care as well as in a municipal department.
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Roy, et al.
(författare)
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Lean implementation in the geriatric care sector in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage (IJSSCA). - : InderScience Publishers. - 1479-2494 .- 1479-2753. ; 9:1, s. 56-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this research is to examine how lean has been implemented in the geriatric care sector in a municipality in Sweden. The research focuses on implementation experiences and challenges encountered. The research method used is a case study using interviews and observations for data collection. The findings indicate that there are many advantages of lean in the geriatric care sector, such as better communication, organisation and workflow. The lean implementation worked as an eye-opener and created a situation, where the employees realised a great deal of waste in the daily operations. In addition, lean tools helped to reduce the waste. The findings also indicate that there are some challenges of lean in the geriatric care sector, such as the difficulty to create long-lasting lean commitment. A lack of follow-ups, decreasing interest from senior management and lack of a holistic view were the main issues in the case organisation.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Roy, et al.
(författare)
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Lean Six Sigma strategy : A case study from Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Technology Innovation and Industrial Management, 28th-30th May 2014, Seoul, South Korea. ; , s. S1-128-S1-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim is to examine if the joint-use strategy of Lean Six Sigma can improve flexibility, robustness, cost-efficiency, and agility at the same time.Design/methodology/approach: A single case study including a Swedish company from the telecom manufacturing industry was conducted.Findings: A Lean Six Sigma strategy ensures more flexible, robust, and efficient processes. However, to make them agile, something more is required. This could include training the staff, strengthening company culture and collaborating with key partners in the supply chain.Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to large companies that usually have a lot of resources and choices where to put the strategic emphasis. The situation could be very different in small and medium-sized companies.Practical implications: This research provides guidance on how to manage the Lean Six Sigma strategy in order to ensure more flexible, robust, and efficient processes.Originality/value: This research provides guidance to companies regarding the applicability and properties of the Lean Six Sigma strategy.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Roy, et al.
(författare)
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Lean Six Sigma strategy in telecom manufacturing
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial management & data systems. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0263-5577 .- 1758-5783. ; 114:6, s. 904-921
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lean Six Sigma strategy ensures flexible, robust, and efficient processes. However, to make them more agile in order to sustain in today’s highly competitive environment, something more is required. This could include staff training, strengthening company culture and collaborating with key partners in the supply chain.
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| 17. |
- Ascic, Ivana, et al.
(författare)
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An Evaluation of Critical Capabilities and Improvement Areas for Competitive Manufacturing in a Developed-Country Environment
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research evaluates the critical capabilities and improvement areas for competitive manufacturing in a developed-country environment. A multiple-case-study approach is applied, consisting of three manufacturing firms located in Sweden. The case study combines both quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the critical capabilities found in the extant literature. The research reveals fifteen critical capabilities and sixteen improvement areas for competitive manufacturing in a developed-country environment. The results show that the firms develop capabilities in a cumulative manner, starting with cost and quality, continuing with time and flexibility, and finally trying to improve innovation and sustainability. To develop competitive manufacturing operations in developed counties, it is therefore vital to improve capabilities related to time, flexibility, innovation, or sustainability. Irrespective of the targeted capabilities, they must contribute to cost-efficient operations and high quality must always be maintained. The efforts to develop capabilities related to innovation and sustainability may be expensive in the short term, however they can provide better cumulative results and competitiveness in the long term.
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| 18. |
- Asplund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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E-procurement beyond the buyer cost perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 22nd NOFOMA Conference. - Kolding : University of Southern Denmark. - 9788792471055 ; , s. 483-498
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The objective of this paper is to provide and argue for a comprehensive view of e-procurement that involves both the buyer and suppliers and that goes beyond looking at mere cost reductions on the buyer side. More specifically, the paper describes benefits and barriers of implementing e-procurement solutions for both buyers and suppliers.Design/methodology/approach: This paper reports on a literature review combined with a case study. The case is a public organization in Sweden, which prepares to implement an e-procurement solution. Interviews were also conducted with a selection of suppliers to the case organization.Findings: In e-procurement literature, drivers and barriers are often viewed only from the perspective of a buying organization. Benefits are mainly cost-related for the buying organization, while barriers often include suppliers. It is proposed that benefits and barriers should include both buyers and suppliers. The literature review and the case study findings form the basis for further investigation into this problem area.Research limitations/implications: This study focuses on a public organization in Sweden. Yet, it could have implications for many public or private organizations considering implementing e-procurement systems.Practical implications: This research suggest that organizations to a greater extent should take the supplier´s side into account when implementing e-procurement solutions.Originality/Value: The study highlights a full cycle view on e-procurement taking both buyer and supplier into account.
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| 19. |
- Bertan, Franciele Olivo, et al.
(författare)
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Análise da Integração Interfuncional nos Pontos de Contato de Processos de Desenvolvimento de Sementes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 36th Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, João Pessoa, 3-6 October, 2016..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- O desenvolvimento de produtos (DP) abrange muitas atividades que devem ser executadas por profissionais de diferentes áreas, cada uma vendo o produto de uma perspectiva diferente, mas de forma complementar (ROZENFELD et al., 2006). Há uma vvertente pouco explorada na literatura sobre esse tema que estuda os pontos de contato, ou seja, as atividades que requerem integração para serem realizadas. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar a integração interfuncional em pontos de contato presentes no DP no setor agroindustrial. Foram entrevistados 10 funcionários de duas empresas multinacionais produtoras de sementes que participavam de diversas fases dos processos de DP, sendo que foi possível obter opiniões sobre as características das fases: inicial, intermediária e final. Através da interpretação dos resultados foi possível criar um modelo próprio para explicar as fases do DP, e quais funções atuam em cada uma das fases. Observou-se que dependendo da área que a pessoa trabalha, ela participa somente de determinadas fases, diminuindo seu conhecimento sobre as fases posteriores e vice versa. Não tendo visão multidimensional, que envolve integração interfuncional, as fases do DP e os objetivos das atividades de DP, podem ocorrer conflitos que prejudicam o desenvolvimento como um todo. Isso ocorre, porque muitas vezes dentro de cada fase tem uma equipe formada de diferentes funções integradas, que possuem uma alta integração, porém na passagem de fases, muda-se a equipe e há uma baixa integração, entre as funções da equipe anterior e a equipe subsequente.
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| 20. |
- Bertan, Franciele Olivo, et al.
(författare)
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Análise da Integração Interfuncional nos Pontos de Contato de Processos de Desenvolvimento de Sementes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Organizações Rurais & Agroindustriais. - : Universidade Federal de Lavras. - 1517-3879. ; 18:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- O desenvolvimento de produtos (DP) abrange muitas atividades que devem ser executadas por profissionais de diferentes áreas, cada uma vendo o produto de uma perspectiva diferente, mas de forma complementar (ROZENFELD et al., 2006). Há uma vertente pouco explorada na literatura sobre esse tema que estuda os pontos de contato, ou seja, as atividades que requerem integração interfuncional para serem realizadas. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar a integração interfuncional em pontos de contato do processo de desenvolvimento de sementes, no setor agroindustrial. Foram entrevistados 10 funcionários de duas empresas multinacionais produtoras de sementes que participavam de diversas fases dos processos de DP, sendo que foi possível obter opiniões sobre as características das fases: inicial, intermediária e final. Por meio da interpretação dos resultados foi possível criar uma estrutura de análise composta pelas seguintes dimensões: integração interfuncional, fases do DP e objetivos das atividades de DP. Observou-se que dependendo da área que o colaborador trabalha, ele participa somente de uma determinada fase, diminuindo seu conhecimento sobre as fases posteriores e vice-versa. Dessa forma, não possuem uma visão multidimensional do processo de DP, o que pode ser a fonte de conflitos que prejudicam o processo de DP como um todo. Há, ainda, casos em que dentro de cada fase há uma equipe formada de diferentes funções que possuem alta integração, porém, quando o processo alcança a fase seguinte, muda-se a equipe e pode haver baixa integração entre as funções da equipe anterior e da equipe subsequente.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Carlsson, Inga-Lill, 1955-
(författare)
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Towards System Supply : Development of Small and Medium-Sized Contract Manufacturers
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One way for a small subcontractor to meet increasing global competition is to develop a system supplying ability, implying a transition in the supply chain toward a larger overall responsibility. As large corporations outsource parts of their manufacturing and services, many small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) suppliers are expected to deepen their capabilities and take on the role of system suppliers. The overall purpose of this thesis is to advance the understanding of how SME contract manufacturers can develop such capabilities, identifying demands and abilities in various steps of this process. The research approach is based on the resource-based view.This longitudinal case study of an SME supplier striving to become a system supplier covers the period from 2006 to 2014. The researcher’s role as business developer and member of the management made it possible to follow the company's development continuously and closely, providing access to relevant internal data complemented with internal and external semi structured interviews and focus discussions. The longitudinal aspect is evident in the overall description of the development of the focal supplier. More specific issues are covered in the separate studies, described in the appended articles.SME suppliers need basic capabilities of qualitative production performance as stepping-stones to develop more system supplier capabilities for added customer value. Development of stable production processes through lean implementation was by the focal supplier seen as a way to reach stable basic performance and to enable continuous development. The study further shows that knowledge integration with customers is an effective means to build system capability and indicates a stepwise and sequential process of developing specific supplier capabilities.The longitudinal case study deepens the knowledge of development of SME system suppliers and specifically point out three prerequisites that need to be in place for the supplier transition: (1) a capability of the supplier to manage internal processes of standardisation and continuous improvements for stable performance without disruptions, (2) a capability to collaborate in development projects with a limited number of customers, and (3) customer commitment to a long-term relationship. A customer demanding improvements is constantly driving its suppliers to better performance and proven supplier capabilities in turn promotes long-term customer commitment. The most essential component in supplier development is a competent and strategically oriented management, capable of identifying the specific system supplier offerings appropriate for the particular company in order to create customer value.This study contributes to better understanding of the conditions of medium-sized contract manufacturing SMEs, from a supplier perspective, and contributes to SCM research in illustrating how shifting responsibilities and subsequent activities in the supply chain may pave new competitive paths for SMEs. One issue here is the importance of knowledge integration for the development of supply chains. This has not often been discussed within SCM and thus provides a contribution to this theory.
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| 23. |
- Claesson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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In-transit distribution as a strategy in a global distribution system
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1756-6517 .- 1756-6525. ; 3:2, s. 198-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distribution has become a key factor in today's logistics system due to companies' desires to achieve considerable economies of scale in production, achieved by focused factories, as well as customers' demands for shorter lead-times and customer adapted products. The purpose of this research is to investigate if the in-transit distribution strategy may offer companies a competitive advantage and may be used as a complement to the centralised distribution strategy and/or the decentralised distribution strategy. This study shows that the in-transit distribution strategy can give major competitive advantages by offering rather short lead-times for customers without having to store products locally in warehouses. This, in turn, gives lower warehousing costs, lower tied-up capital, a less interrupted manufacturing, and steady and continuous production volumes. In order to be successful with this strategy, it takes good planning, working closely with customers, good market knowledge, and an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system that is able to support the strategy sufficiently. Among these factors, low variation in demand as well as manufacturing output is required, and furthermore distribution lead time needs to be predictable.
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| 24. |
- Claesson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Supply Chain Planning in Automotive Sector : Swedish Case Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Conradi Research Review. - : Vaasa University of Applied Sciences. - 1459-0980. ; 6:2, s. 33-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research aims to enhance the current level of knowledge from supply chain planning (SCP) by analyzing the importance of collaboration, information exchange and a supporting information system in its successful execution. These are examined through a case study from international manufacturing company, which operates in automotive industry with its global manufacturing network. Research reveals that collaboration is a complex and important issue of SCP, and occurs simultaneously in vertical and horizontal dimensions. It is important to select strategic partners and to develop a structured work processes and routines. The main objective of collaboration is to determine common goals and objectives and to facilitate the exchange of information; these together drive the performance of a supply chain higher. A sufficient information system supporting the SCP is vital to facilitate collaboration, and information exchange between the different supply chain participants. However, currently in the case company quite many phases of SCP are completed without appropriate and integrated information systems and the process itself contains several manual phases.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- de Freitas, Marlos Rocha, et al.
(författare)
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Previsão de Demanda na Indústria Automobilística. [Demand Forecast in the Automobile Industry] : Papel da Integração Interfuncional. [The Role of Cross-Functional Integration]
- 2017
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Ingår i: Revista ADM.MADE. - : Universidade Estacio de Sa. - 2237-5139. ; 21:3, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A literatura sobre supply chain management indica que a integração interfuncional (II) pode ser uma prática necessária para unir as áreas de demanda e de suprimentos, e tal iniciativa pode aliviar conflitos e melhorar a eficiência de toda a cadeia de suprimentos. Entretanto, a literatura apresenta pouca ênfase nos aspectos operacionais e técnicos da II como uma prática gerencial, e como eles podem influenciar os processos de demanda. Desse modo, este artigo objetiva analisar como a II contribui para a realização do processo de previsão da demanda. Para alcançar essa proposta, realizou-se estudo de caso em uma subsidiária brasileira de um fabricante multinacional de veículos. Ao todo, 16 entrevistas em profundidade foram realizadas com gestores da montadora de veículos e com seus fornecedores e revendedores. Como resultados, identificou-se que planejamento conjunto, disposição para trabalho em equipe e espírito de grupo foram as ferramentas mais eficientes para gerar impactos positivos na organização. Também identificou-se que fatores como reuniões interfuncionais e troca de funções podem apresentar bons resultados para melhorar o nível de integração e para aprimorar a acurácia da previsão de demanda. Por fim, este trabalho sugere que a II seja usada para melhorar a responsividade ao mercado, e também para obter maior precisão no cálculo da previsão de demanda.
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| 27. |
- De Goey, Heleen, et al.
(författare)
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Design-driven innovation : a systematic literature review
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Business Review. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0955-534X .- 1758-7107. ; 31:1, s. 92-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The concept design-driven innovation focuses on innovating product meanings. It has been studied from a variety of perspectives and contexts since the early 2000s. However, a complete overview of the literature published in this area is currently missing. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how design-driven innovation contributes to value creation in product development. Design/methodology/approach In this systematic literature review, 57 papers and book chapters that cover design-driven innovation were identified and analyzed. An iterative coding process was followed to derive five facets of design-driven innovation that contribute to value creation. Findings Design-driven innovation creates value by focusing on the intangible values of products. The following five facets of design-driven innovation that contribute to value creation were identified: development of new product meanings, knowledge generation, actors and collaborations, capabilities and process. These facets and their interrelations are presented in a theoretical framework. Practical implications The main practical implication of this study is that it is now clear that the five facets of design-driven innovation are interrelated and reinforce each other. Therefore, companies need to approach design-driven innovation from a holistic perspective. Originality/value This paper contributes to theory by presenting the theoretical framework that provides an overview of available knowledge and that creates a context for future research.
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| 28. |
- De Goey, Heleen, et al.
(författare)
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Design-driven innovation : exploring enablers and barriers
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Business Review. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0955-534X .- 1758-7107. ; 31:5, s. 721-743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This study aims to explore the enablers and barriers to design-driven innovation, defined as the innovation of product meanings, in the product-development process. Previous research provides some insights into what enables and hinders design-driven innovation; however a detailed understanding of these factors is missing. Design/methodology/approach – A long-term case study was conducted at a furniture company between 2009 and 2016. Interviews were conducted with respondents within the company, as well as with partners such as retailers and designers. Findings – This paper presents an overview of the identified enablers and barriers. The results demonstrate that enablers and barriers occur in all phases of the product-development process. Second, the connections between enablers and barriers are presented. These are found both within and across different phases, and extend beyond the company’s influence. Research limitations/implications – This study demonstrates how the innovation of product meanings is influenced throughout all phases of the product-development process. Therefore, there is a need to go beyond the mere identification of enablers and barriers. More is gained from generating a thorough understanding of the causes and connections of these factors, including the changes over time. Practical implications – This study demonstrates the need for companies to be able to map what enables and hinders design-driven innovation in their product-development process, where a distinction needs to be made between internal and external factors, to enhance value creation. Originality/value – This study presents a rare long-term case study on design-driven innovation. This study provides new knowledge on the enablers and barriers a company faces while adapting its productdevelopment process to accommodate design-driven innovation.
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| 29. |
- De Goey, Heleen, et al.
(författare)
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Design-driven innovation : Making meaning for whom
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Design Journal. - : European Academy of Design. - 1460-6925 .- 1756-3062. ; 20:S1, s. S479-S491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design-driven innovation focuses on the innovation of product meanings. This innovation is enabled by integrating knowledge on needs, product language and technological development. So far, it has mostly been studied in contexts where the buyer is the assumed end user. There has been little research about design-driven innovation in other contexts, such as business-to-business and public contexts. Here, companies need to create value for multiple stakeholders. In this study, these are defined as users, buyers and influencers. The aim of this study is to explore how companies consider the different stakeholders in the innovation of product meanings. Two companies participated in a case study. The results demonstrate that both companies mainly focus on addressing needs. However, while one case company prioritizes the perspective from the user, the other focuses more on the buyer. The results illustrate the increased complexity that companies need to manage in design-driven innovation in these contexts.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- De Goey, Heleen, et al.
(författare)
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Design-driven innovation : A literature review
- 2016
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Ingår i: The 20th DMI: Academic Design Management Conference Proceedings. - 9780615991528 ; , s. 246-282
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design-driven innovation focuses on innovating product meanings. This concept has been studied since the early 2000s from a variety of perspectives, and in different contexts. This paper presents a review of published research. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding on the contribution of design-driven innovation to value creation. In a systematic literature review, 57 papers and book chapters on this subject were identified and analyzed. The facets of design-driven innovation which contribute to value creation were identified through an iterative coding process. The value of design-driven innovation is created by including a focus on the intangible values of products. Five facets of design-driven innovation which contribute to value creation have been identified: (1) understanding new product meanings; (2) required knowledge; (3) actors and collaborations; (4) capabilities; and, (5) process. These facets, and the connections between them, are presented in a theoretical framework. This paper contributes to theory by presenting the theoretical framework that provides an overview of available knowledge and that creates a context for future research. The main practical implication is that the five facets are connected and reinforce each other. Therefore, companies need to approach design-driven innovation from a holistic perspective.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- De Goey, Heleen, et al.
(författare)
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Enablers and barriers to design-driven innovation : a case study at a Swedish wood furniture wholesaler
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd International Annual EurOMA Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the enablers and barriers to design-driven innovation at a Swedish wood furniture wholesaler. Design-driven innovation focuses on innovating the purpose a product has to a customer. This is a relatively new concept which is not yet thoroughly explored. A case study is conducted to identify the enablers and barriers to this type of innovation. In line with literature, the enablers were identified prior, throughout and after product development, whereas the barriers were only found in later phases. To conclude, this paper will present implications and suggestions for further research on the enablers and barriers to design-driven innovation.
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| 34. |
- De Goey, Heleen
(författare)
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Exploring design-driven innovation : A study on value creation by SMEs in the Swedish wood products industry
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Design-driven innovation, focused on the innovation of product meanings, provides a new perspective to better understand the contribution of design to innovation. Additionally, it enables new opportunities for value creation. At small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Swedish wood products industry there is a need for such new value creation in order to remain competitive. However, design-driven innovation is not yet common in this context. Furthermore, there is little research on the innovation of product meanings focused on value creation. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore value creation through design-driven innovation, in the context of SMEs in the Swedish wood products industry. This research addresses what value might be expected from design-driven innovation, as well as what enables and hinders this value creation. To address the aim, three studies have been conducted which are described in four appended papers. The studies consist of one systematic literature review and two case studies. The findings demonstrate that design-driven innovation contributes to value creation by focusing on product meanings, which intentionally addresses both tangible and intangible needs and therefore increases the perceived value of products. This research identified five facets of design-driven innovation which provide a structure to discuss what enables and hinders value creation. These are: (1) understanding new product meanings, (2) knowledge generation, (3) actors and collaborations, (4) capabilities, and (5) process. The facets can be seen as the origin of both enablers and barriers to value creation through design-driven innovation, depending on how they are addressed. Moreover, this research suggests that whether or not value is created is further influenced by the SMEs, their networks and the context in which they operate.
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| 35. |
- De Oliveira, Eider Arantes, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing Cross-Functional Teams in Service Companies : A Case Study from Telecom Industry
- 2015
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Ingår i: Managing Intellectual Capital and Innovation for Sustainable and Inclusive Society: Proceedings of the MakeLearn and TIIM Joint International Conference 2015. - : ToKnowPress. - 9789616914130 ; , s. 2139-2148
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of cross-functional integration is based on the synchronization between different functions to meet organizational goals. One of the main elements identified in the literature within this theme is the cross-functional team (CFT), which is a group composed by members with different functional knowledge and experiences, from different parts of the organization, and under a leadership to accomplish a specific task. The objective of this paper is to characterize the internal dynamics of CFTs in different processes, such as: strategy development, product development, portfolio management, sales channels management, and business evaluation. Through a literature review, four basic dimensions were identified: Team’s Constitution; Task Drivers; Behaviors and Attitudes; Environmental Factors. A case study in a Brazilian service company was conducted in order to analyze these four dimensions in several teams. In-depth interviews, observation and documentary research were used for data collection. The results point out the necessity to invest time and attention in the constitution of the CFT, in order to select the appropriate functions it should be composed of, based on performance expectations. When the constitution of the team is characterized by a massive presence of senior members, positive impacts can be generated, such as: collaboration and team cohesion. This helps to reach team’s internal goals without frequent help from top management. This paper also presents implications related to the four studied dimensions, indicating ways to mitigate risks of failures and to avoid conflict within teams, and by that obtaining a superior performance.
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| 36. |
- De Oliveira, Eider Arantes, et al.
(författare)
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Integration through cross-functional teams in a service company
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Business Review. - 0955-534X .- 1758-7107. ; 28:4, s. 405-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to characterize the internal dynamics of cross-functional teams (CFTs) in different organizational processes in a service company.Design/methodology/approach: A case study from a Brazilian service company was conducted. CFTs in five different organizational processes (strategy development, product development, portfolio management, sales channels management and business analysis) were analyzed through in-depth interviews, documents and non-participant observation.Findings: A framework with four pillars was constructed: constitution of the CFT, task drivers, behavior and attitudes of the team and personal motivators. It was possible to analyze the process of how a group acts and reacts under changing circumstances based on the pillars included in the framework.Research limitations/implications: The study is focused on creating analytical generalizability. Several insights in the 12 propositions presented in this study may be investigated in future research to validate the identified relationships among the pillars included in the framework. Moreover, the proposed framework allows the teams to be analyzed through a multidimensional view: structure, processes and impacts.Practical implications: If the semantic boundaries of the communication are not well delineated, the differences in understanding can generate manifest conflicts. Moreover, the workload in a CFT seems to be larger and more complex than working in a functional activity; however, members perceive that it reduces the risk of unemployment and increases motivation.Originality/value: The present study contributes to the extant literature with the proposal of a set of new exploratory propositions that can support future quantitative research about the use of CFTs in the service industry context.
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| 37. |
- Edh Mirzaei, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges to competitive manufacturing in high-cost environments: checklist and insights from Swedish manufacturing firms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Operations Management Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1936-9735 .- 1936-9743.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on competitive manufacturing (CM) in high-cost environments has earlier indicated that firms struggle to remain competitive and that manufacturing operations often have been offshored to low-cost environments. The purpose of this research is to explore and create a compounded view of challenges related to both internal and external environments of firms when operating in high-cost environments. This issue has been investigated through a qualitative case study involving five manufacturing firms in Sweden. This research has empirically derived the challenges associated with sustaining CM in high-cost environments and developed a prescriptive checklist. Seven main categories of challenges have been identified, ranging from a micro level related to product characteristics and employee involvement, to a macro level related to supply chain collaborations and industry systems. This research contributes to the existing literature on CM in high-cost locations by explaining and detailing what constitutes challenges in this kind of environment.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Elias, Marcelo, et al.
(författare)
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Shedding Light on the Brazilian Amazon Biotrade : A Study on Sustainable Development in Native Communities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Amazon is a biodiversity hotspot. Around 90% of its territory is inhabited by native communities, who spontaneously organize themselves into groups of extractivists and small producers, relying on biodiversity as their primary means of sustenance. This paper aims to discuss how the biotrade of Amazonian biodiversity goods affects native communities with respect to environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Based on a sample of 178 native extractivists in four communities, we concluded that biotrade enabled native communities to market their products by adapting to existing conditions, considering the difficulties and the expectations of traditional residents, and contributed to the three dimensions of sustainable development.
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| 40. |
- Engström, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers and barriers of reshoring in the Swedish manufacturing industry
- 2018
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Ingår i: World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research (WRITR). - : InderScience Publishers. - 1749-4729 .- 1749-4737. ; 7:3, s. 195-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to explore reshoring drivers and barriers in the Swedish manufacturing industry. The research is based on case research including five case companies from the Swedish manufacturing industry with experience of manufacturing reshoring. The empirical findings are compared to the existing literature to identify any potential gaps between the existing literature and the Swedish manufacturing context. The findings suggest that quality related issues, an increased degree of automation, and improved cost performance at the home base are the strongest reshoring drivers for Swedish manufacturing companies. The identified drivers and barriers are transferable and have the potential to be building blocks for researchers and practitioners to better understand the reshoring phenomena. The findings also show that further research should focus on reshoring drivers and barriers in relation to specific reshoring characteristics (e.g., ownership, scale of production being reshored, and position in the supply chain).
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| 41. |
- Engström, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Reshoring drivers and barriers in the Swedish manufacturing industry
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2398-5364 .- 2398-5372. ; 11:2, s. 174-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore reshoring drivers and barriers from a Swedish manufacturing perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a case study, including four Swedish manufacturing companies, with focus on drivers and barriers from the context of the Swedish manufacturing industry. A literature review of previously established drivers and barriers is used to map out the empirical findings and thereby identify potential gaps between the current body of literature and drivers and barriers from a Swedish manufacturing context.FindingsThe findings of the study suggest that quality issues continue to be one of the strongest reshoring drivers. Except for product quality, quality is also connected to host country’s infrastructure, communication and service. The supply chain perspective is a source of several drivers and is identified as a perspective often overlooked in offshoring decisions. Barriers related to firm specifics were more elaborately discussed by the companies, especially concerning calculation of location decision and the need to invest in resources, which allows for a higher level of capacity at the home country facility.Research limitations/implicationsThe study develops a structured table of reshoring drivers and barriers which can serve as a base for future research. Future research on the calculation of location decisions is deemed as a crucial step to further understand reshoring and aid companies in the decision-making process.Practical implicationsThe drivers and barriers identified in the study can give practitioners insight into reshoring from the perspective of the Swedish manufacturing industry and thus aid in future manufacturing location decisions. The table of drivers and barriers can also be important to understand how Sweden can strengthen its competitive advantage and motivate more companies to reshore manufacturing.Originality/valueThis is one of only few papers from the Nordic countries and also one of few case studies examining reshoring in manufacturing companies.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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A consumer driven business models´ impact on sourcing and inventory
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceeding of the International Conference on Technology Innovation and Industrial management. - Oulo, Finland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased competition in many markets has forced firms to adopt new business models. Oneway to differentiate from the competition is to develop products based on implicit consumerneeds that may be sold at a premium price. This research uses case study methodology toinvestigate a Swedish furniture wholesaler, and how their shift to a consumer driven businessmodel has affected sourcing and inventory. The research reveals that the high focus on thedemand-side of the company has had detrimental effect on the supply-side. Between 2004 and2009 the number of stock keeping units increased dramatically, and the sales increased with22%. Sourcing was affected since the order quantities became smaller, which lead to longerlead times in manufacturing. The inventory levels also increased, as did the averageinventory turnover. As the market dropped in 2008 due to the economical situation, the casecompany was not able to respond to the changes in demand. The main theoretical implicationis that the management of the demand- and the supply-side of the firm have to be coordinatedon macro level, the main practical implication is that managers needs to devote time to bothmanagement directions, and the main social implication is that differentiated supply chainstrategies may employ people closer to the consumption market.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Creating value through wholesaler and retailer interface
- 2013
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Ingår i: Industrial management & data systems. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0263-5577 .- 1758-5783. ; 113:8, s. 1169-1188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the premium price range, retailer collaboration and showroom decoration as wellas information dissemination play an important role in the consumer sector, particularly in furnituresales. The purpose of this research is to report findings from Swedish wholesaler and its process toimprove sales of order driven furniture business.
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| 46. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Critical Manufacturing Prerequisites for Successful Reshoring
- 2021
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Ingår i: Operations and Supply Chain Management. - : OSCM FORUM. - 1979-3561 .- 2579-9363. ; 14:2, s. 249-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reshoring is an emergent theme in research and practice. It is important for researchers to understand the motivating force and prerequisites for these reshoring activities, and to develop a method that supports sustainable reshoring decisions. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the prerequisites for successful reshoring. The preparation for this study consists of a systematic literature review. The findings presented here, however, are revelatory and emerged during a workshop. The findings were further researched at a total of four companies, which were part of data collection in a larger project. This research identified three scenarios, in which preceding manufacturing step, creation of parallel steps, or exploration of overcapacity are central. The paper also presents a stage-gateprocess for reshoring decisions as well as a typology of reshoring alternatives. This research sheds light on prerequisites and contextual factors that enable companies to reshore. The importance of manufacturing capabilities can be seen in literature, but has not yet, to our knowledge, been given sufficient attention. The main practical implication is related to offshoring. Overly-aggressive offshoring can complicate future reshoring. As such, reshoring needs to be considered during offshoring, specifically what manufacturing capabilities that are kept at the domestic location.
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| 47. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring opportunities for moral disengagement in codes of conduct from the textile industry
- 2018
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Ingår i: World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research (WRITR). - 1749-4729 .- 1749-4737. ; 7:4, s. 371-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this research is to assess how codes of conducts are outlined and formulated in relation to moral disengagement along the supply chain. The research is focused on the idea that supply chain structure may reduce the actors' sense of moral responsibility for the actions and impacts of the supply chain on workers and environment. The research has been conducted as a case study including Swedish firms in the textile industry. The research has used secondary data from codes of conducts. The findings show that codes of conduct do not cover all supply chain practices linked with moral disengagement. This does not cause immoral behaviour as such, but might cause moral disengagement. Supply chain research needs to focus on what should be included in codes of conduct and other ethical guidelines, so as to reduce the risk of immoral behaviour. In order to reduce the likelihood for moral disengagement, there are several supply chain practices that should be included in codes of conduct, such as power asymmetry, managerial support, and incentives.
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| 48. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring opportunities for moral disengagement in codes of conduct from the textile industry
- 2018
-
Ingår i: World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research (WRITR). - : InderScience Publishers. - 1749-4729 .- 1749-4737. ; 7:4, s. 371-389
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this research is to assess how codes of conducts are outlined and formulated in relation to moral disengagement along the supply chain. The research is focused on the idea that supply chain structure may reduce the actors' sense of moral responsibility for the actions and impacts of the supply chain on workers and environment. The research has been conducted as a case study including Swedish firms in the textile industry. The research has used secondary data from codes of conducts. The findings show that codes of conduct do not cover all supply chain practices linked with moral disengagement. This does not cause immoral behaviour as such, but might cause moral disengagement. Supply chain research needs to focus on what should be included in codes of conduct and other ethical guidelines, so as to reduce the risk of immoral behaviour. In order to reduce the likelihood for moral disengagement, there are several supply chain practices that should be included in codes of conduct, such as power asymmetry, managerial support, and incentives.
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| 49. |
- Eriksson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Foliated Networks to Analyze Moral Responsibility : A Conceptual Model
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Business Review. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0955-534X .- 1758-7107. ; 29:3, s. 360-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- urposeThis study aims to explore how the flow of moral responsibility in supply chains can be understood through an analysis of material, monetary and information flows.Design/methodology/approachSocial responsibility, foliated networks and morality are used to present a conceptual framework that suggests responsibility links in supply chains.FindingsBy understanding the flows of material, money and information, it is possible to see how different types (liable and political) of responsibility can be identified. Conventional supply chain flows are thus connected with moral responsibility.Research limitations/implicationsResponsibility issues in supply chain management need to include supply chain links created by monetary and information flows, as well as material flows.Practical implicationsSupply chain actors need to consider responsibility across their entire supply chain, which includes material, monetary and information flows.Originality/valueFoliated transportation networks, moral disengagement and different types of responsibility are combined in a novel way to facilitate a better understanding of responsibility in supply chains.
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| 50. |
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