| 1. |
- Barthel, Stephan, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Urban green commons for socially sustainable cities and communities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 12:2, s. 310-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In these times of global pandemics and climate crisis, social sustainability has become a crucial issue within diverse sectors and disciplines. This article aims to broaden the discussions on social sustainability in general, and in relation to community work within professional social work in particular.By means of a cross-disciplinary bricolage approach – with a focus on the commons – we aim to construct a holistic view of urban social sustainability. Beginning with the Anthropocene concept, which recognizes the human impact on the Earth’s natural systems and hence highlights the need to include the natural environment as a determinant of good and fair living conditions for all, we remix arguments and examples relating to social sustainability with environmental and spatial dimensions to develop an urban green commons. Our cross-disciplinary perspective extends beyond contemporary social policy by bringing together natural resource management, public health, and spiritual aspects of the commons. In order to fit the plurality of urban contexts across the planet, further critical deliberations are needed, focusing on social sustainability and collective action for sustainable change in each context.
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| 2. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Corporate social responsibility and external stakeholders’ health and wellbeing: A viewpoint
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 9:1, s. 27-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years there has been increased interest in the roleplayed by business corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategiesin promoting the health and wellbeing of internal and externalstakeholders. However, the sparse public health research to datehas mainly focused on the health and wellbeing of internal stakeholders.This viewpoint article aims to ignite discussion of howCSR strategies need to also target external stakeholders beyondthe workplace. Businesses have an opportunity to help address themost important societal challenges, especially the social determinantsof health which are the root causes of inequities in health.However, while advancing a new agenda for promoting externalstakeholders’ health, businesses need to take into account potentialchallenges that might arise from ethical conflicts when trying tobalance their CSR initiatives against their business operations.
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| 3. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie
(författare)
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Employment Status and Inequalities in Health Outcomes : Population-based Studies from Gävleborg County
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and objectives: From a public health perspective, it is important not only to improve and maintain health, but also to promote equality in health. Epidemiological research has showed the importance of work and unemployment in the development of socio-economic health inequalities, and peoples life chances are suggested to be conditioned by participation or exclusion from the labour market. The most recent economic recession has brought further changes to the labour market that might have aggravated the already multifaceted image of inequalities in health. Gävleborg County was one of the hardest hit counties in Sweden, which experienced a myriad of changes in the labour market that went beyond those of the Swedish national average, in terms of increase in flexible forms of employment, factory closures, and lay-offs. The overall objective of this thesis was to investigate the relationship between employment status and health-related inequalities in Gävleborg County, Sweden. In addition, the Specific objectives for the thesis were to: assess the relationship between employment status and self-reported health in Gävleborg (Study I); to estimate the relationship between employment status and suicidal ideation during the economic recession in Gävleborg (Study II); to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among economically active people living in the Municipality of Gävle (Study III) and to assess experiences and perceptions of well-being after involuntary job loss in Gävle (Study IV).Methods: Study I and II in this thesis used data from the 2010 Health in Equal Terms survey, a cross-sectional survey carried out in Gävleborg County in Sweden. A total of 4,245 individuals, aged 16–65 years were included in the analyses. Study III was performed in Wave 1 (baseline survey) of the Gävle Household, Labour Market Dynamics and Health Outcomes survey (GHOLDH), a panel survey with household as the follow-up unit. A total of 241 persons completed a self-administered postal questionnaire which collected information on the employment status and psychological health (anxiety and depression) among persons aged 18–65 years. The thesis used descriptive analyses and logistic regression models to describe and explore the relationship between employment status, self-reported health and suicidal ideation in Gävleborg County (Studies I and II). Descriptive analysis of means and a multiple regression analysis for adjusted means of HADS, were used in order to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among economically active persons residing in the Gävle Municipality (Study III). Study IV used a qualitative approach to gain a deeper understanding of how involuntarily unemployed persons in Gävlexperceive their well-being. Sixteen unemployed men and women aged 28–62 were interviewed face-to-face. A purposeful sampling strategy was used in order to suit the research question and to increase the variation among informants. The interview texts in Study IV were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: In Study I, the prevalence of poor self-reported health (SRH) was twice as high in the group of people who were not employed (42%) compared to the employed group (21.6%). Individuals outside the labour market had odds of poor health of 2.64 (Cl 2.28–3.05) compared to their employed counterparts. Controlling for other covariates reduced the risk slightly to 2.10 (1.69–2.60), but remained statistically significant. Moreover, other variables such as long-standing illness, age, income and lack of social support were associated with self-reported poor health. In Study II, among those not employed, 11.2% had been in a situation where they had seriously considered taking their life (at some time during the past 12 months). The corresponding figure for those employed was 2.9%. Unadjusted results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that people who were not employed had about a four times higher risk of suicidal ideation, with an OR of 4.21 (CI: 3.14–5.64) compared to their employed counterparts. Controlling for other covariates, reduced the risk from 4.21(CI 3.14–5.64) in model I, to 1.73 (CI 1.16–2.57) in model IV, but remained statistically significant. In addition, other variables were associated with suicidal ideation. In Study III, the prevalence and risk of anxiety and depression were high among people who were out of work. In the multiple regression analysis, compared to employed people, those who were not employed had a risk of anxiety of 7.76 (5.97–9.75) and 4.67 (3.60–5.74) for depression. Study IV revealed six different themes from the interviews: Work was perceived as the basis for belonging; loss of work affected people’s social life and consumption patterns due to changes in their financial situation. Feelings of isolation, loss of self-esteem, and feelings of hopelessness were reported, affecting the respondents’ physical well-being. Longer duration of unemployment increased the respondents’ negative emotions. Activities, structure, and affiliation in other contexts were reported as part of their strategy for coping with poor mental health.Conclusion: This thesis found a statistically significant relationship between being outside the labour market and poor SRH, a high risk of suicidal ideation, anxiety, and depression during the recent economic recession. The relationship between employment status and SRH was partially explained by socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle variables. In addition, the relationship between employment status and suicidal ideation was, for the most part, explained by demographic, socio-economic and self-reported psychological variables. Atxithe municipal level, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was higher among those who were out of the labour market as compared to those who were employed and the odds of anxiety and depression were higher among people out of the labour market, but this was less prominent for depression than for anxiety. Job loss created feelings of loss of dignity and belonging as a human being. The participants experienced feelings of worry, insecurity, and stress due to their changed financial situation, which in turn led to isolation and loss of self-esteem. Social support and having activities other than work gave structure and meaning to everyday life. The results of this thesis indicate a need for early detection and potential treatment of people out of the labour force and for being aware of the increased risk of poor health symptoms and disorders among unemployed individuals. The findings also indicate a need for primary prevention strategies, implying that policy-makers must pay attention to the health status of those who are out of work, especially during times of combined economic hardship and labour market fluctuations. However, longitudinal studies are warranted to shed further light on the mechanisms through which employment status and conditions impact physical and psychological health outcomes.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Employment Status and Suicidal Ideation during Economic Recession
- 2015
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Ingår i: Health science journal. - 1791-809X. ; 9:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Suicide is a public health problem and an important indicator of severe mental ill-health. Thus, identifying risk factors for suicidal ideation is a public health priority. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between employment status and suicidal ideation in Gävleborg County.Method:The study used data from the 2010 Health in Equal Terms survey, a cross-sectional survey carried out in Gävleborg County in Sweden. A total of 4,245 individuals, aged 16–65 years were included in the analyses. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the relationship between employment status and suicidal ideationResults:Individuals outside the labour market had odds of suicidal ideation of 4.21 (CI 3.14-5.64) compared to their employed counterparts. Controlling for other covariates, reduced the risk from 4.21(CI 3.14-5.64) in model I, to 1.73 (CI 1.16- 2.57) in model IV, but remained statistically significant. In addition, other variables were associated with suicidal ideation.Conclusion:There was a statistically significant association between being out of work and suicidal ideation. The association was explained partly by demographic, socio-economic and self-reported psychological variables. Results of the study suggest the need for primary prevention strategies among those out of the labour market, especially during times of economic hardship.
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| 6. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Employment Status, Anxiety and Depression in a Municipal Context
- 2017
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Ingår i: Research in Health Science. - : Scholink Co, Ltd.. - 2470-6213 .- 2470-6213 .- 2470-6205. ; 2:1, s. 12-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression by employment status among a sample of the working age population residing in Gävle Municipality in Sweden.Methods: A total of 241 persons completed a self-administered postal questionnaire in the baseline survey of the Gävle Household, Labour Market and Health Outcomes (GHOLDH) survey, which collected information on the employment status and psychological health (anxiety and depression) among persons aged 18-65 years. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed.Results: The prevalence and risk of anxiety and depression were high among people who were out of work. In the multiple regression analysis, compared to employed people, those who were not employed had a risk of anxiety of 7.76 (5.97-9.75) and 4.67 (3.60-5.74) for depression.Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety and depression was higher among those who were out of labour marketas compared to those employed. Furthermore, people who were out of work had a higher risk of anxiety and depression. The odds were slightly higher for anxiety than for depression.
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| 7. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of unemployment and well-being after jobb loss during economic recession : results of a qualitative study in East Central Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 6:3, s. 135-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Several studies have revealed an association between unemployment and ill health, and shown that unemployment can affect people differently. This study aimed to provide an understanding of the experiences of unemployment and perceptions of wellbeing among persons who involuntary lost their work during the recent economic recession in Gävle Municipality. Methods: Sixteen unemployed men and women aged 28-62 were interviewed face-to-face. A purposeful sampling strategy was used in order to suit the research question and to increase the variation among informants. The interview texts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Six different themes emerged from the accounts: The respondents perceived work as the basis for belonging, and loss of work affected their social life and consumption patterns due to changes in their financial situation. They also expressed feelings of isolation, loss of self-esteem, and feelings of hopelessness, which affected their physical well-being. Longer duration of unemployment increased the respondents’ negative emotions. The respondents reported activities, structure, and affiliation in other contexts as part of their coping strategy against poor mental health. Conclusions: After job loss, the respondents experienced feelings of loss of dignity and belonging as a human being. They also felt worry, insecurity, and stress due to their changed financial situation, which in turn led to isolation and loss of self-esteem. Social support and having other activities gave the respondents structure and meaning.
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| 8. |
- Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Inequalities and Suicide Ideation during Recession Times
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 24:Suppl. 2, s. 361-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundSuicide behaviour is a serious public health problem as it imposes economic and human costs to individuals, families and communities. Available evidence from some European countries indicates a significant rise in suicides related to economic recession. However, the debate continues regarding the role of unemployment in the reported suicide rates. In Sweden, very few studies have investigated the relationship between suicide behaviours and employment status in the context of the recent economic crisis although unemployment increased nationally and across different counties.The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between employment status and suicide ideation in Gävleborg, Sweden.MethodsThe study used data from a cross-sectional survey, Health in Equal terms, carried out in Gävleborg County in Sweden, 2010. A total of 4245 individuals, aged 16–65 years were included in the analysis. The relationship between employment status and suicide ideation was assessed using descriptive and logistic regression analyses.ResultsPeople who were not working had odds of suicide ideation of 4.21 (95% Cl 3.14–5.64) as compared to those employed. Controlling for other covariates reduced the risk to 1.73 (95% CI 1.16-2.57) but remained statistically significant. In addition variables like anxiety, self-reported stress and young age were also associated with suicide ideation. However among the covariates, people who reported anxiety had the highest odds of suicide ideation.ConclusionsThis study found a statistically significant association between being out of work and suicide ideation. The association was largely explained by self-reported stress, anxiety, socioeconomic and demographic variables.Policy-makers within the County need to pay attention to the health status of those out of work, especially during times of combined economic and labour market fluctuations.Key messagesSuicide ideation was more common among people out of labor force in Gävleborg County, Sweden.Further studies are needed to investigate suicide ideation among unemployed persons during times of economic and labor market insecurity.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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What do we know about corporate social responsibility and stakeholders physical activity? A public health perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : Sage. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 11:2, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past decade and in the context of sustainable development, business organizations have been expected to partner with governments and others to address societal problems, including those pertinent to population health. Accordingly, through their corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies and policies, companies should collaborate in health promotion efforts to modify the effects of the health determinants (including those concerning behavior change) affecting internal and external stakeholders. Although CSR strategies and policies are linked to stakeholder health and wellbeing (e.g. employee satisfaction), little is known of how these strategies affect physical activity. Thus, this perspective paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the topic by investigating what scientific evidence exists regarding the relationship between CSR and physical activity. So far there are indications that some business are implementing CSR activities targeting internal (e.g. employees) and external (e.g. consumers) stakeholders, especially in developed countries. Furthermore, among external stakeholders, CSR activities with a physical activity component targeted children, youth, the disabled, the under-privileged, and the elderly. However, there is still very little empirical evidence available using appropriate quantitative and qualitative designs. Public health and health science researchers in general should strive to advance our understanding of how CSR affects population health behavior, paving the way to develop frameworks for resilient, ethical, and sustainable health promotion.
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| 10. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in health care-seeking behavior during economic recession
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 24:Suppl. 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundIn Europe, equitable access to high-quality healthcare constitutes a key challenge for health systems across the continent. However, the recent economic recession left many outside the labour market, causing many to fall in poverty and social exclusion. Unemployment is probably the main factor leading to social exclusion. Studies which analysed health seeking behaviour among unemployed people have reported a variety of results, from low to high utilization of health services. However, some researchers argue that during stressful economic and social circumstances can cause high utilization of the health care system due to increased psychological disorders masked by physical complaints. This study examined differences in health seeking behaviour in Gävleborg County, which at the pick of the economic recession had high levels of unemployment as compared to the national average.MethodsThe data for the study come from the 2010 Survey of Health in Equal terms carried out in Gävleborg County, Sweden. The sample included 4245 persons aged 16-65 years. Descriptive and binary logistic analysis was used to assess differences in health seeking behavior by employment status.ResultsThere was a statistical significant relationship between employment status and health-seeking behavior. Compared to employed persons, people who were out of the labor market had odds ratio of 1.42 (1.12-1.62) for contact with health care services; of 1.30 (1.12-1.50) for contact with a doctor in a health care facility and 1.67 (1.42-1.97) for contact with a doctor in a hospital. Controlling for age, sex, marital status, education, income, smoking habits, physical activity, self-rated health, and long standing illness removed the statistical significance of the observed relationships. Thus, the odds for contact with health care services went from.ConclusionsAt the pic of the recent economic recession, people who were outside the labor market had more contact with health care services, with doctor in hospitals as well as primary health care services as compared to employed counterparts. The differences in health seeking behavior were explained by demographic, socioeconomic and health variables.Key Words: Employment status, Health care, Gävleborg, economic recession.Key messagesPeople who were out of labor market in Gävleborg County in 2010 had more contact with health care services, with a doctor in hospital and primary health care respectively.Future studies are warranted that can assess trends in health-seeking behavior among people outside Gävleborgs labor market.
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| 11. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Educating Public Health Professionals for an Unknown Future : Insight from a New Bachelor Programme Linking Health Promotion and Sustainable Development
- 2017
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Ingår i: Research in Health Science. - : Scholink Co, Ltd.. - 2470-6205 .- 2470-6213. ; 2:2, s. 70-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to provide a description of the new bachelor programme “Health Promotion through Sustainable Development”, which started in autumn 2016 at the University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Working Life. The programme was built integrating public health and biology through a thread of health promotion and sustainable development across the three years of study. In the era of sustainable development and more complex health threats, future public health professionals need to be equipped with the right knowledge and skills that will enable them to promote a sustainable population health.
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| 12. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Employment status and health care utilization in a context of economic recession : Results of a population based survey in East Central Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science Journal of Public Health. - 2328-7942 .- 2328-7950. ; 2:6, s. 610-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The most recent economic recession left many people outside the labour market world-wide, causing widespread poverty and social exclusion. Gävleborg County in East Central Sweden experienced massive layoffs caused by closure of various industries. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate differences in health-care use according to employment status at the pick of the recent economic recession. Methods: The study used data from a cross-sectional survey “Health in Equal Terms” carried out in Gävleborg County in 2010. The sample included 4245 persons aged 16-65 years. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to assess differences in health-care seeking behaviour by employment status. Results: Employment status was statistically significantly associated with health-care use in Gävleborg County. In the bivariate analysis people who were not employed had odds ratio of 1.62 (CI 1.18-1.72) for health care use as compared to their employed counterparts. Controlling for other variables in Model II to IV removed the statistical significance and reduced the odds to 0.44(CI 0.20-1.00). Conclusions: This study found that at the pick of the most recent economic recession, people who were out of work used more often health services as compared with their employed counterparts. The observed differences in health-care use were explained by demographic, socio-economic and health-related variables. Further studies are needed to analyze trends of healthcare utilization according to employment nationally, particularly at the county level.
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| 13. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of employment precariousness and psychological well-being in East Central Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Health Science Journal. - 1791-809X .- 1108-7366. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In the past decade, temporary employment arrangements, including fixed-term and sub-contracted jobs, as well as project work, on-call work and work via temporary-help agencies have increased in developed countries, including Sweden. The objective of this study was to explore precariously employed individuals’ experiences and perceptions of employment strain and its effect on their psychological well-being in Gävleborg County, Sweden. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 respondents residing in Gävleborg County about their experiences of precarious employment and their perceptions of the relationship between their precarious employment and psychological well-being. Thematic analysis was conducted to relate the results to the employment strain framework. Results: The main theme to emerge in the data was managing stress. Respondent’s perceived significant stress related to keeping employment as well as having future work. In addition, they had difficulties in coping with everyday life because of economic strain, lack of work opportunities and isolation. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight how precariously employed individuals are unable to cope with the stress related to uncertainty in maintaining their current work or having control of their working hours. In addition, the results indicate that precariously employed workers experience economic strain related to income uncertainty, which affects their ability to cope with daily life.
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| 14. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Interpersonal Violence Is Associated with Self-Reported Stress, Anxiety and Depression among Men in East-Central Sweden : Results of a Population-Based Survey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Medicina. - : MDPI. - 1010-660X .- 1648-9144. ; 59:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives: Interpersonal violence is a social and public health problem globally, and though it is related to poor health outcomes across all genders, most research has been directed towards violence against women. As a result, the health consequences of men's victimization may be underreported and unaddressed. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between interpersonal violence and the psychological health outcomes of self-reported stress, anxiety, and depression among men. Materials and Methods: The study used data from the male sample (n = 2597) of the 2018 Health on Equal Terms Survey conducted in Gavleborg County in East-Central Sweden. Regression analysis was carried out to study the relationship between interpersonal violence and self-reported stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: The bivariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between interpersonal violence and self-reported stress (OR 2.35; CI 1.45-3.81), anxiety (OR 1.54; CI 1.06-2.25), and depression (OR 2.30; CI 1.48-3.57). Controlling for other variables in the multivariate analysis removed the statistically significant relationship and reduced the odds ratios for stress (OR 1.46; CI 0.57-3.74), anxiety (OR 0.86; 0.40-1.84), and depression (OR 1.40; CI 0.67-3.32) respectively. Conclusions: The study found that interpersonal violence among men was associated with stress, anxiety and depression which was largely explained by demographic, socioeconomic, and health/behavior-related factors. The findings suggest the need for longitudinal studies to assess causal links between male victimization and psychological health outcomes at the county level.
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| 15. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Living in the Municipality of Gävle : Report on the Gävle Household, Labour Market Dynamics and Health Outcomes Survey - Wave 1
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In many industrialized countries including those in Europe, there is an established relationship between work conditions and health. For instance employment status and conditions have been reported to influence physical health (self-assessed health, pain and various somatic conditions), as well as mental health outcomes such as anxiety and depression, even if debate is still ongoing. Employment conditions have been suggested to be a key determinant of health inequalities, although this factor has been less researched than have education and income. Therefore, a study of the role played by employment status/conditions in a small geographical area such as Gävle Municipality (with its pattern of industries, plant and services closures, and high levels of unemployment) could contribute to knowledge on ways to reduce ill health related to labour market. The overall aim of this study was to examine the relationship between employment status, household income and physical and psychological health outcomes among economically active people residing in Gävle Municipality, using data from Wave 1 of the Gävle Household, Labour Market Dynamics and Health Outcomes (GHOLDH) survey, a household panel survey carried out between April and June 2012. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and mixed multivariate models.There were differences in physical and psychological health by employment status. Individuals who were outside the labour market were more likely to report poor health, body pain and exhaustion than were individuals who were employed. In addition, those individuals who were outside work had a higher prevalence and risk of anxiety and depression. Data on household income also showed associations with physical and psychological health, with a concentration of poor self-reported health, somatic complaints, anxiety and depression in lower income households.Interestingly, the study findings revealed that anxiety was also prevalent among employed people, suggesting that people with insecure jobs might also be at risk of poor mental health. This finding requires further research to discern the role of precarious employment conditions on inequalities in physical and mental health outcomes. In addition, studies on the impact of gender on the relationship between employment status/conditions and physical and psychological health outcomes are warranted. To this end, the follow-up survey to be carried out in 2014 might provide additional knowledge pertaining to ways to reduce employment-related health inequalities within the municipality.
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| 16. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Health and Wellbeing Among Employees in a Work Integration Social Enterprise in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Global Health. - : Ubiquity Press. - 2214-9996. ; 89:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs) constitute an important vehiclefor providing employment opportunities for disadvantaged groups.Objective: The goal of this qualitative case study is to explore perceptions of health andwellbeing among employees working in a WISE located in the Gävleborg region, in eastcentral Sweden.Methods: Data were gathered using 16 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with thesocial enterprise employees.Results: Findings were categorized into three main categories: the importance of financialindependence and societal benefits; team spirit and a sense of belonging; and improvedquality of life and wellbeing.Conclusion: The participants perceived that working in the WISE gave them a feeling offreedom and increased their self-esteem because of the possibility to earn an income.Also, they were satisfied with their job (e.g., with regard to work quality and flexibility)and believed that their work contributed to society. Moreover, through working in a WISE,the participants felt a sense of belonging and togetherness through interaction with coworkersand managers, and an improved quality of life for themselves and their families.
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| 17. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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The Association between Fear of Crime, Educational Attainment, and Health
- 2023
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Ingår i: Epidemiologia. - : MDPI AG. - 2673-3986. ; 4:2, s. 148-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear of crime is an important public health problem that impacts people’s quality of life, health, and wellbeing, and causes mental health ailments (e.g., anxiety). This study aimed to determine whether there was an association between fear of crime, educational attainment, and self-rated health and anxiety among women residing in a county in east-central Sweden. A sample (n = 3002) of women aged 18–84 years surveyed in the Health on Equal Terms survey carried out in 2018 was included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed on the relationship between the composite variables fear of crime, educational attainment, and self-rated health and anxiety. Women with primary education or similar who reported fear of crime had increased odds of poor health (odds ratio (OR) 3.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.40–4.18) compared with women with primary education/similar and no fear of crime (OR 2.90; CI 1.90–3.20). A statistically significant relationship persisted in the multivariate analysis after controlling for other covariates, although the odds were reduced (OR 1.70; CI 1.14–2.53 and 1.73; CI 1.21–2.48, respectively). Similarly, in the bivariate analysis, women who reported fear of crime and who only had primary education had statistically significant odds of anxiety (OR 2.12; CI 1.64–2.74); the significance was removed, and the odds were reduced (OR 1.30; CI 0.93–1.82) after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates. Women with only primary education or similar who reported fear of crime had higher odds of poor health and anxiety compared with those with university education or similar, with and without fear of crime. Future studies (including longitudinal ones) are warranted—on the one hand, to understand possible mechanisms of the relationship between educational attainment and fear of crime and its consequences to health, and on the other, to explore low-educated women’s own perceptions regarding factors underlining their fear of crime (qualitative studies).
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| 18. |
- Morelli, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping Social Enterprises in Gävleborg County, Sweden, 2020 : The Social Enterprises for Sustainable Health Promotion Project (SESHP)
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The survey in brief100% of SEs aim to achieve social inclusion.100% of SEs serve multiple marginalised population groups.92% of social enterprises operate with a social commitment.75% of social enterprises provide employment development opportunities.58% of social enterprises combine social, cultural, and environmental purposes.Social enterprises face liquidity problems and other financial challenges. Social enterprises need competence in business finance and marketing.Social enterprises need sustainable support networks and long-term collaborators.
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| 19. |
- Rashid, Mamunur, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of utilization of institutional delivery services in Zambia: An analytical cross-sectional study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Institutional delivery at birth is an important indicator of improvements in maternal health, which remains one of the targets of sustainable development goals intended to reduce the maternal mortality ratio. The purpose of the present study was to identify the determinants of utilization of institutional delivery in Zambia. A population-based cross-sectional study design was used to examine 9841 women aged 15–49 years from the 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey. A multiple logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to identify determinants of utilization of institutional delivery. Sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with institutional delivery: woman’s (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.04–2.99) and husband’s (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.09–3.05) secondary/higher education, higher wealth index (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.27–4.22), and rural place of residence (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.30–0.98). Healthcare-related factors were also significantly associated with institutional delivery: 5–12 visits to antenatal care (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.66–3.26) and measuring blood pressure (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.32–2.66) during pregnancy. To improve institutional delivery and reduce maternal and newborn mortality, policymakers and public health planners should design an effective intervention program targeting these factors.
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