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Sökning: WFRF:(Hjelte L.)

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  • Al Shakirchi, M, et al. (författare)
  • The Effects of Aspergillus fumigatus Colonization on Lung Function in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2309-608X. ; 7:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly isolated from CF airways. However, the impact on CF lung progression is not completely understood. In this study, using a 16-year retrospective observational cohort study (2000–2015) that included 132 patients, we determined the annual lung function, measured as percent predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second (ppFEV1), decline before and after the first colonization with A. fumigatus. Further, in the same individual, the ratios of lung function when patients were colonized with A. fumigatus and when they were not were calculated. The impact of eradication, with antifungal treatment or spontaneously, was assessed. The annual ppFEV1 was significantly lower after the first colonization with A. fumigatus. Furthermore, within the same individual, colonization with A. fumigatus for two and three years in a row was associated with 4.3% and 7.9% lower ppFEV1, respectively, compared to when not colonized. Finally, patients who eradicated A. fumigatus the following two years after colonization exhibited 9.9% and 14.5% higher ppFEV1 compared to patients who continued to produce cultures with A. fumigatus for two and three years. Our study demonstrated that A. fumigatus colonization was associated with a negative impact on lung function in the long term and eradication, spontaneously or with treatment, was associated with a better pulmonary outcome.
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  • De Brito, A. N., et al. (författare)
  • Evidence against atomiclike resonant auger decay in N2 doubly excited core states by high-resolution experiments
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947. ; 64:5, s. 547021-547024
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The resonant Auger decay spectra associated with doubly excited core-hole states near the N 1s threshold in the nitrogen molecule was measured. Electron-yield spectrum was obtained by setting a kinetic-energy window at 384 eV and scanning across the threshold region. At ground 410, 414, and 416 eV, photon energy, three dominant structures were observed. The increased signal-to-background ratio, intensity and resolution at third generation facilities were found to cast a different light on the dynamics of core photoionization in molecules.
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  • Rosenqvist, L., et al. (författare)
  • Femtosecond dissociation of ozone studied by the Auger Doppler effect
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 115:8, s. 3614-3620
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The peaks arising from the decay of the excited oxygen atom were studied. Fast dissociation of core-excited ozone was confirmed by the presence of Auger emission from atomic oxygen in the decay spectrum from the ozone OT 1s-σ*(7a1) state. No such emission was observed after excitation of the corresponding state on the central oxygen atom. An angle-dependent energy shift of the atomic lines was observed. Analysis of the energy shift revealed that the kinetic energy released in the dissociation process is approximately 3.3 ± 0.3eV. An energy release of 8.45 was found by application of a Born-Haber cycle.
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  • Andersson, C, et al. (författare)
  • Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity in nasal epithelial cells from cystic fibrosis patients with severe genotypes
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Clinical science (London, England : 1979). - : Portland Press Ltd.. - 0143-5221 .- 1470-8736. ; 103:4, s. 417-424
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cystic fibrosis is a heterogenic disease, in which the phenotype can also vary for patients with the same genotype. In the present study the function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in nasal epithelial cells from 19 adult patients with cystic fibrosis was investigated. All patients had severe mutations, whereby no or little functional CFTR is expected in the plasma membrane. Of the patients, 15 were homozygous for ΔF508-CFTR (i.e. CTFR lacking residue Phe-508). The others were ΔF508-heterozygous with 3659delC, 394delTT or 2183AA→G. Nasal epithelial cells, obtained by nasal brushings, were loaded with the fluorescent probe N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-6-methoxyquinolinium bromide to measure Cl- efflux. In most of the cystic fibrosis patients, forskolin plus isobutylmethylxanthine was unable to elicit any response. Unexpectedly, cells from three cystic fibrosis patients (two ΔF508/ΔF508 patients and one ΔF508/3659delC patient) responded to stimulation in a wild-type manner. It was investigated whether this residual chloride transport function was associated with a milder phenotype. Clinical parameters studied were lung function, number of antibiotic courses, Shwachman score, Bhalla score, age at chronic colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the pattern of essential fatty acids in serum phospholipids. Unknown factors may affect the presence of functional CFTR in patients with severe CFTR mutations. However, we could not find a correlation between the response to cAMP and any of the phenotype parameters. It appears that functional cAMP transport in the nasal epithelium is no guarantee of a mild phenotype and, conversely, that a patient lacking cAMP-dependent chloride transport can develop a mild phenotype.
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  • Björneholm, O., et al. (författare)
  • Doppler splitting of in-flight auger decay of dissociating oxygen molecules : The localization of delocalized core holes
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 84:13, s. 2826-2829
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • By exploiting the core-excitation-induced dissociation of O-2, we find that the Auger emission exhibits a Doppler-like energy shift. We show this to be a manifestation of localization of the core hole and propose that the problem of core-hole localization versus delocalization in core-hole spectroscopies may be resolved by considering the nature of the measurement.
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  • Burmeister, F, et al. (författare)
  • Nonadiabatic effects in photoelectron spectra of HCl and DCl. I. Experiment
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 65:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The HCl inner-valence photoelectron band at 26 eV binding energy has been recorded at high resolution. Discrete peaks arising from at least two separate vibrational progressions are superimposed on the broad continuum. Fano profiles are visible in one of the progressions. This indicates interference between superimposed electronic states, where weak avoided crossing allows two adiabatic states to couple. In the isotopic DCl molecular spectrum, the discrete lines are less pronounced, due to slower dissociation and therefore less coupling between the continuum and the bound state.
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  • Feifel, R, et al. (författare)
  • Observation of a continuum-continuum interference hole in ultrafast dissociating core-excited molecules
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 85:15, s. 3133-3136
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The femtosecond dissociation of HCl after core excitation has been studied through the resonant Auger decay. The spectra contain contributions from decay occurring at both "molecular" and "atomic" internuclear distances. We have observed a new interference mechanism in these spectra: An atomic spectral line develops into a negative spectral contribution, a "hole," when detuning the excitation energy from the maximum of the Cl 2p(-1)sigma* resonance. Resonant x-ray scattering theory quantitatively explains this behavior as due to a novel destructive continuum-Continuum interference between molecular and atomic contributions to the Auger decay.
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  • Fink, Reinhold, et al. (författare)
  • Specific production of very long-lived core-excited sulfur atoms by 2p(-1)sigma* excitation of the OCS molecule followed by ultrafast dissociation
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 39:12, s. L269-L275
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A core-excited sulfur state with a lifetime almost one order of magnitude longer than in molecular 2p core-hole states is selectively produced by ultrafast dissociation of S 2p -> sigma* excited OCS. Clear evidence for this is provided by strong atomic peaks (20% of the total intensity) in x-ray fluorescence but very weak ones (2%) in the corresponding resonant Auger spectrum. Corroborating the assignment of the spectra, ab initio calculations explain the enhanced lifetime: the Auger decay of the produced D-3(3) (2p(5)3p(5)) sulfur state is strongly decreased as it contradicts a newly derived propensity rule of the L2,3MM Auger decay.
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  • Fluge, G., et al. (författare)
  • Co-morbidity of cystic fibrosis and celiac disease in Scandinavian cystic fibrosis patients
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5010 .- 1569-1993. ; 8:3, s. 198-202
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The co-morbidity of cystic fibrosis (CF) and celiac disease (CD) has been reported sporadically since the 1960s. To our knowledge, this is the first time a systematic screening is performed in a large cohort of CF patients. Methods: Transglutaminase-IgA (TGA), endomysium-IgA (EMA) and total IgA in serum were measured in 790 CF patients (48% females, 86% with pancreatic insufficiency). Six patients were diagnosed with CD prior to the Study, all receiving a gluten-free diet. Patients with elevated TGA (>50 Units/mL) and a positive EMA test were offered a gastroscopy obtaining mucosal biopsies from the duodenum. Results: Four new cases of CD were diagnosed. Two additional patients had positive serological tests, but normal biopsies. In total, 10 cases of CD (1.2%, 1:83) indicate a prevalence rate about three times higher than the general prevalence of CD in Norway and Sweden. No CD patients were detected in the Danish CF cohort. Patients diagnosed with untreated CD reported symptoms typical of both CF and CD (poor weight gain, loose and/or fatty stools, fatigue, irritability, abdominal pain). They improved after introduction of a gluten-free diet. Conclusions: Systematic screening for CD in a Scandinavian cohort of CF patients revealed a higher prevalence of CD than in the general population. Clinical signs of CD are difficult to differentiate from CF with malabsorption, and patients may go undiagnosed for a long time. In a population where CD is common we recommend screening for CD in patients with CF. (C) 2009 European Cystic Fibrosis Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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  • Hjelte, I., et al. (författare)
  • Evidence for ultra-fast dissociation of molecular water from resonant Auger spectroscopy
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - 0009-2614. ; 334:1-3, s. 151-158
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present direct evidence for ultra-fast dissociation of molecular water in connection photo-excitation of the O1s→4a1 resonance. The core-excited H2O molecules are shown to dissociate into core-excited O*H and neutral H on a time scale comparable to the core hole lifetime, i.e. a few femtoseconds. This conclusion is based on a resonant Auger study, qualitative arguments and ab initio calculations. 'Hot bands' connected to Auger transitions from vibrationally excited OH fragments are identified, and these exhibit a dynamical behavior which qualitatively follows the change in excess energy.
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