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| 5. |
- Hogberg, L, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of active intervention on the spread of penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in Swedish day-care centres
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-1980 .- 0036-5548. ; 36:9, s. 629-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policies for handling cases of penicillin-non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) in day-care groups vary between different counties in Sweden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological effect of excluding PNSP-carriers from children's day-care centres (DCC). We followed the incidence in 14 DCC groups with ongoing PNSP-spread, by repeated group screens until no further cases could be identified. All identified carriers were excluded from DCC attendance in study area A (Skane region) while they remained in the group in study area B (Goteborg and Orebro), according to local policies. The intervention effect was evaluated by comparing the number of additional cases after the baseline screen (start of the intervention period) between the 2 study areas. All PNSP-isolates were characterized by resistance pattern, serotype and pulse-field gel electrophoresis. The relative risk for children in DCCs without active intervention was 6.4 (95% CI: 2.0-20.7). Each prevented case in area A can be estimated to have demanded the exclusion of 2 other children from day care for approximately 4 weeks each. The total cost-benefit outcome of this action has to be seen in the light of the local situation with regard to the population prevalence and the distribution of other risk factors.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of alpha- and beta-secretase cleaved amyloid precursor protein in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Experimental Neurology. - 0014-4886. ; 183, s. 74-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is redundant senile plaques mainly composed of beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregates. Alternative cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), occurring in both normal and AD subjects, results in the generation and secretion of soluble APP (sAPP) and Abeta. We examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for alpha- and beta-secretase cleaved sAPP (alpha-sAPP and beta-sAPP) in 81 sporadic AD patients, 19 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 42 healthy controls by using newly developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. We found that neither the level of CSF-alpha-sAPP nor CSF-beta-sAPP differed between sporadic AD patients and healthy controls. These findings further support the conclusion that there is no change in APP expression in sporadic AD. However, the level of CSF-beta-sAPP was significantly increased in patients with mild cognitive impairment compared to controls. We also investigated the relationship between the CSF level of alphabeta-sAPP and Abeta(42) and the apoE epsilon4 (apoFA.) allele. Significantly lower levels of CSF-alpha-sAPP were found in AD patients possessing one or two apoE4 alleles than in those not possessing the apoE4 allele. Neither the levels of CSF-beta-sAPP nor CSF-Abeta(42) differed when comparing ApoE4 allele-positive with allele-negative individuals. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Onatsu, J., et al.
(författare)
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Tau, S100B and NSE as Blood Biomarkers in Acute Cerebrovascular Events
- 2020
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Ingår i: In Vivo. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 34:5, s. 2577-2586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: We aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of total tau (T- tau), S-100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as blood-based biomarkers in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA), and their correlation with symptom severity, infarct size, etiology and outcome. Patients and Methods: A total of 102 patients with stroke and 35 with TIA were analyzed. Subacute (63.8 +/- 50.1 h) plasma T-tau was measured with the single-molecule array (Simoa) method and NSE and S100B were evaluated for comparison. We evaluated biomarkers associations with: (i) diagnosis of AIS or TIA, (ii) cerebral infarction volume in the brain computed tomography, (iii) stroke etiology, (iv) clinical stroke severity and (iv) functional outcome after three months. Results: T-tau was higher in patients with stroke (1.0 pg/ml (IQR=0.3-2 2)] than with TIA (05 pg/ml (IQR=0.2- 1 .0), p=0.02] . The levels of S100B were also increased in stroke [0.082 mu g/l (IQR=0.049-0.157)] patients compared to TIA patients (0.045 mu g/l (IQR=0.03 -0.073 ), p<0.001]. However, when the results were adjusted for confounders, significance was lost. Serum levels of NSE among patients with AIS [11.85 mu g/l (IQR=9.30-16.14)] compared to those with TIA (10.96 mu g/l (IQR=7 .98-15.33), p=0.301 were equal. T-tau and S100B concentrations significantly correlated with cerebral infarction volume (r=0.412, p<0.001) and (r=0.597, p<0.001), also after corrections (p<0.001). mRS scores at three-month follow-up correlated with T-tau (r=0.248, p=0.016) and S100B concentrations (r=0.205, p=0.045). Conclusion: For the diagnosis of TIA vs. AIS, blood T-tau and S100B concentrations discriminated only modestly. Additionally, groups were not separable after measuring of T-tau and S100B levels in the blood. T-tau and S100B concentrations correlated with the infarct size, but were not alone predictive for functional outcome at 3 months.
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| 9. |
- Stratmann, Svea, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Proteogenomic analysis of acute myeloid leukemia associates relapsed disease with reprogrammed energy metabolism both in adults and children
- 2023
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 37:3, s. 550-559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite improvement of current treatment strategies and novel targeted drugs, relapse and treatment resistance largely determine the outcome for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. To identify the underlying molecular characteristics, numerous studies have been aimed to decipher the genomic- and transcriptomic landscape of AML. Nevertheless, further molecular changes allowing malignant cells to escape treatment remain to be elucidated. Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool enabling detailed insights into proteomic changes that could explain AML relapse and resistance. Here, we investigated AML samples from 47 adult and 22 pediatric patients at serial time-points during disease progression using mass spectrometry-based in-depth proteomics. We show that the proteomic profile at relapse is enriched for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins and subunits of the respiratory chain complex, indicative of reprogrammed energy metabolism from diagnosis to relapse. Further, higher levels of granzymes and lower levels of the anti-inflammatory protein CR1/CD35 suggest an inflammatory signature promoting disease progression. Finally, through a proteogenomic approach, we detected novel peptides, which present a promising repertoire in the search for biomarkers and tumor-specific druggable targets. Altogether, this study highlights the importance of proteomic studies in holistic approaches to improve treatment and survival of AML patients.
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| 10. |
- Backis, A., et al.
(författare)
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Time- and energy-resolved effects in the boron-10 based multi-grid and helium-3 based thermal neutron detectors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Measurement science and technology. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0957-0233 .- 1361-6501. ; 32:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The boron-10 based multi-grid detector is being developed as an alternative to helium-3 based neutron detectors. At the European Spallation Source, the detector will be used for time-of-flight neutron spectroscopy at cold to thermal neutron energies. The objective of this work is to investigate fine time- and energy-resolved effects of the Multi-Grid detector, down to a few mu eV, while comparing it to the performance of a typical helium-3 tube. Furthermore, it is to characterize differences between the detector technologies in terms of internal scattering, as well as the time reconstruction of similar to mu s short neutron pulses. The data were taken at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, where the Multi-Grid detector and a helium-3 tube were installed at the ESS test beamline, V20. Using a Fermi-chopper, the neutron beam of the reactor was chopped into a few tens of mu s wide pulses before reaching the detector, located a few tens of cm downstream. The data of the measurements show an agreement between the derived and calculated neutron detection efficiency curve. The data also provide fine details on the effect of internal scattering, and how it can be reduced. For the first time, the chopper resolution was comparable to the timing resolution of the Multi-Grid detector. This allowed a detailed study of time- and energy resolved effects, as well as a comparison with a typical helium-3 tube.
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| 16. |
- Juliusson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Attitude towards remission induction for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia influences survival.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 20:1, s. 42-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combination chemotherapy may induce remission from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but validated criteria for treatment of elderly are lacking. The remission intention ( RI) rate for elderly patients, as reported to the Swedish Leukemia Registry, was known to be different when comparing the six health care regions, but the consequences of different management are unknown. The Leukemia Registry, containing 1672 AML patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2001, with 98% coverage and a median follow-up of 4 years, was completed with data from the compulsory cancer and population registries. Among 506 treated and untreated patients aged 70-79 years with AML (non-APL), there was a direct correlation between the RI rate in each health region ( range 36-76%) and the two-year overall survival, with no censored observations (6-21%) ( v 2 for trend = 11.3, P < 0.001; r(2) = 0.86, P < 0.02, nonparametric). A 1-month landmark analysis showed significantly better survival in regions with higher RI rates ( P = 0.003). Differences could not be explained by demographics, and was found in both de novo and secondary leukemias. The 5-year survival of the overall population aged 70-79 years was similar between the regions. Survival of 70-79-year-old AML patients is better in regions where more elderly patients are judged eligible for remission induction.
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| 17. |
- Kanaki, K., et al.
(författare)
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Statistical energy determination in neutron detector systems for neutron scattering science
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479905348 ; , s. Art. no. 6829644-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The energy determination of thermal and cold neutrons could revolutionize the field of neutron scattering science and transform the instrument design for future facilities. This contribution evaluates the feasibility and potential of a statistical determination of the neutron energy in the new generation of neutron detectors. In particular, the novel technology of multi-layer 10B thin film detectors present a unique opportunity of exploiting this possibility by using the various neutron penetration depths to extract energy information. A statistical mathematical model for doing so is being developed. To this end, measurements of absorption profiles on boron carbide have been performed at the Institutt for Energiteknikk, Norway and the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Germany. The results of the data analysis allow for a preliminary estimate on the feasibility and the potential of this method. © 2013 IEEE.
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| 23. |
- Messi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Gamma- and Fast Neutron- Sensitivity of 10B- Based Neutron Detectors at ESS
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2017 - Conference Proceedings. - 9781538622827
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is designed to be the world's brightest neutron source. When it will be in operation, ESS will deliver an instantaneous neutron flux on detectors that will be without precedent. A down side of the high brightness will be the increase of background, especially from gamma-rays and fast-neutrons.Considering that scattering cross-sections of many samples tend to be relatively low and that the gamma- and fast-neutronbackgrounds tend to be considerable high at spallation facilities [Che +14], the signal-to-noise ratio of a measurement needs to be maximised. The sensitivity of a thermal-neutron detector to gamma-rays and to fast-neutrons is a very important characteristic, as it defines the best achievable signal-to-noise ratio for the measurement. It is therefore crucial to measure the gamma- and fast-neutron- sensitivities of all detectors that will be installed on the instruments at ESS.
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| 24. |
- Mustjoki, S., et al.
(författare)
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Clonal expansion of T/NK-cells during tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib therapy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 23:8, s. 1398-1405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dasatinib, a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), predominantly targets BCR-ABL and SRC oncoproteins and also inhibits off-target kinases, which may result in unexpected drug responses. We identified 22 patients with marked lymphoproliferation in blood while on dasatinib therapy. Clonality and immunophenotype were analyzed and related clinical information was collected. An abrupt lymphocytosis (peak count range 4-20 x 10(9)/l) with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology was observed after a median of 3 months from the start of therapy and it persisted throughout the therapy. Fifteen patients had a cytotoxic T-cell and seven patients had an NK-cell phenotype. All T-cell expansions were clonal. Adverse effects, such as colitis and pleuritis, were common (18 of 22 patients) and were preceded by LGL lymphocytosis. Accumulation of identical cytotoxic T cells was also detected in pleural effusion and colon biopsy samples. Responses to dasatinib were good and included complete, unexpectedly long-lasting remissions in patients with advanced leukemia. In a phase II clinical study on 46 Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, patients with lymphocytosis had superior survival compared with patients without lymphocytosis. By inhibiting immunoregulatory kinases, dasatinib may induce a reversible state of aberrant immune reactivity associated with good clinical responses and a distinct adverse effect profile. Leukemia (2009) 23, 1398-1405; doi:10.1038/leu.2009.46; published online 19 March 2009
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| 28. |
- Wilking, N., et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up of the SBG 9401 study comparing tailored FEC-based therapy versus marrow-supported high-dose therapy
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 18:4, s. 694-700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose was to investigate adjuvant marrow-supportive high-dose chemotherapy compared with an equitoxicity-tailored comparator arm. Patients and methods: Five hundred and twenty-five women below theage of 60 years with operated high-risk primary breast cancer were randomised to nine cycles of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor supported and individually tailored FEC (5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide), (n = 251) or standard FEC followed by marrow-supported high-dose therapy with CTCb (cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, carboplatin) therapy (n = 274), followed by locoregional radiotherapy and tamoxifen for 5 years. Results: There were 104 breast cancer relapses in the tailored FEC group versus 139 in the CTCb group (double triangular method by Whitehead, P = 0.046), with a median follow-up of all included patients of 60.8 months. The event-free survival demonstrated 121 and 150 events in the tailored FEC- and CTCb group, respectively [P = 0.074, hazard ratio (HR) 0.804, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.633-1.022]. Ten patients in the tailored FEC regimen developed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)/myelodysplasia (MDS). One hundred deaths occurred in the tailored FEC group and 121 in the CTCb group (P = 0.287, HR 0.866, 95% CI 0.665-1.129). Conclusion: The update of this study shows an improved outcome linked to the tailored FEC treatment in relation to breast cancer relapse, but also an increased incidence of AML/MDS. © 2007 Oxford University Press.
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| 32. |
- Branner, H, et al.
(författare)
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NK cells in type 1 diabetes
- 2007
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Ingår i: DIABETOLOGIA. - 0012-186X. ; 50, s. S190-S190
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 37. |
- Brodin, P, et al.
(författare)
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The strength of inhibitory input during education quantitatively tunes the functional responsiveness of individual natural killer cells
- 2009
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 113:11, s. 2434-2441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural killer (NK) cells express inhibitory receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. If self-MHC is down-regulated or absent, lack of inhibition triggers “missing self” killing. NK cells developing in the absence of MHC class I are hypo-responsive, demonstrating that MHC class I molecules are required for NK-cell education. Here, we show that the number and the type of MHC class I alleles that are present during NK-cell education quantitatively determine the frequency of responding NK cells, the number of effector functions in individual NK cells, and the amount of interferon-γ production in NK cells of specific Ly49 subsets. A relationship between the extent of inhibitory signals during education and functional responsiveness was corroborated by an enhanced probability of NK cells expressing more than one inhibitory receptor for a single host self–MHC class I allele to degranulate after activation. Our data suggest that the capacity of an individual NK cell to respond to stimulation is quantitatively controlled by the extent of inhibitory signals that are received from MHC class I molecules during NK-cell education.
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| 44. |
- Gozes, I, et al.
(författare)
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Tau Diagnostics and Clinical Studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1559-1166 .- 0895-8696. ; 63:2, s. 123-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Hoglund, K, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular biomarkers of neurodegeneration
- 2013
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Ingår i: Expert review of molecular diagnostics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-8352 .- 1473-7159. ; 13:8, s. 845-861
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
- Hoglund, K., et al.
(författare)
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Time-frequency and complexity analyses for differentiation of physiologic murmurs from heart murmurs caused by aortic stenosis in boxers
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Veterinary Research. - : American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). - 0002-9645 .- 1943-5681. ; 68:9, s. 962-969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective - To investigate whether time-frequency and complexity analyses of heart murmurs can be used to differentiate physiologic murmurs from murmurs caused by aortic stenosis (AS) in Boxers. Animals - 27 Boxers with murmurs. Procedures - Dogs were evaluated via auscultation and echocardiography. Analyses of time-frequency properties (TFPs, ie, maximal murmur frequency and duration of murmur frequency > 200 Hz) and correlation dimension (T2) of murmurs were performed on phonocardiographic sound data. Time-frequency property and T2 analyses of low-intensity murmurs in 16 dogs without AS were performed at 7 weeks and 12 months of age. Additionally, TFP and T2 analyses were performed on data obtained from 11 adult AS-affected dogs with murmurs. Results - In dogs with low-intensity murmurs, TFP or T2 values at 7 weeks and 12 months did not differ significantly. For differentiation of physiologic murmurs from murmurs caused by mild AS, duration of murmur frequency > 200 Hz was useful and the combination assessment of duration of frequency > 200 Hz and T2 of the murmur had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 82%. Maximal murmur frequency did not differentiate dogs with AS from those without AS. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Results suggested that assessment of the duration of murmur frequency > 200 Hz can be used to distinguish physiologic heart murmurs from murmurs caused by mild AS in Boxers. Combination of this analysis with T2 analysis may be a useful complementary method for diagnostic assessment of cardiovascular function in dogs.
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