| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Anderson, Helén, et al.
(författare)
-
Skapa kundnärvaro i innovationsprocessen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Innovationsförmåga. - Malmö : Holmbergs i Malmö AB. - 9789197785204 ; , s. 40-59
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Dahlstedt, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Systemet med fritt skolval måste bytas ut
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ökad segregation och deprofessionalisering av läraryrket är några av effekterna av det fria skolvalet. Nu krävs en grundlig utredning med siktet inställt på att hitta alternativ till nuvarande marknadssystem, skriver ett flertal forskare.
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| 4. |
- Ekberg, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of precautionary behaviors during outbreaks of pandemic influenza : modeling of regional differences
- 2009
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Ingår i: AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings. - Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA : American Medical Informatics Association. - 1942-597X. ; 2009, s. 163-167
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using time geographic theory for representation of population mixing, we set out to analyze the relative impact from precautionary behaviors on outbreaks of pandemic influenza in Europe and Asia. We extended an existing simulator environment with behavioral parameters from a population survey to model different behaviors. We found that precautionary behaviors even among a minority of the population can have a decisive effect on the probability of the outbreak to propagate. The results also display that assumptions strongly influences the outcome. Depending on the interpretation of how many "children" are kept from "school", R(0) changes from a range where outbreak progression is possible to a range where it is improbable in both European (R(0)=1.77/1.23) and Asian (R(0)=1.70/1.05) conditions. We conclude that unprompted distancing can have a decisive effect on pandemic propagation. An important response strategy can be to promote voluntary precautionary behavior shown to reduce disease transmission.
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| 5. |
- Gustavsson, Patrik, 1988-
(författare)
-
Virtual Reality Platform for Design and Evaluation of the Interaction in Human-Robot Collaborative Tasks in Assembly Manufacturing
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industry is on the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution where smart factories area necessity to meet customer demands for increasing volumes of individualized products. Within the smart factory, cyber-physical production systems are becoming important to deal with changing production. Human-robot collaboration is an example of a cyber-physical system in which humans and robots share a workspace. By introducing robots and humans into the same working cell, the two can collaborate by allowing the robot to deal with heavy lifting, repetitive, and high accuracy tasks, while the human focuses on tasks that need intelligence, flexibility, and adaptability. There are few such collaborative applications in industry today. In the implementations that actually exist, the robots are mainly working side-by-side with humans rather than truly collaborating. Three main factors that limit the widespread application of human-robot collaboration can be identified: lack of knowledge regarding suitable human-robot collaboration tasks, lack of knowledge regarding efficient communication technologies for enabling interaction between humans and robots when carrying out tasks, and lack of efficient ways to safely analyze and evaluate collaborative tasks.The overall aim of this thesis is to address these problems and facilitate and improve interaction between humans and robots, with a special focus on assembly manufacturing tasks. To fulfill this aim, an assembly workstation for human-robot collaboration has been developed and implemented both physically and virtually. A virtual reality platform called ViCoR has been developed that can be used to investigate, evaluate, and analyze the interaction between humans and robots and thereby facilitate the implementation of new human-robot collaboration cells. The workstation developed has also been used for data collection and experiments during the thesis work, and used to extract knowledge of how the interaction between human and robot can be improved.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Hebin, et al.
(författare)
-
AML1/Runx1 recruits calcineurin to regulate granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor by Ets1 activation.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 279:28, s. 29398-29408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute myeloid leukemia 1 (AML1), also denoted Runx1, is a transcription factor essential for hematopoiesis, and the AML1 gene is the most common target of chromosomal translocations in human leukemias. AML1 binds to sequences present in the regulatory regions of a number of hematopoiesis-specific genes, including certain cytokines such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) up-regulated after T cell receptor stimulation. Here we show that both subunits of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CN), which is activated upon T cell receptor stimulation, interact directly with the N-terminal runt homology domain-containing part of AML1. The regulatory CN subunit binds AML1 with a higher affinity and in addition also interacts with the isolated runt homology domain. The related Runx2 transcription factor, which is essential for bone formation, also interacts with CN. A constitutively active derivative of CN is shown to activate synergistically the GM-CSF promoter/enhancer together with AML1 or Runx2. We also provide evidence that relief of the negative effect of the AML1 sites is important for Ca(2+) activation of the GM-CSF promoter/enhancer and that AML1 overexpression increases this Ca(2+) activation. Both subunits of CN interact with AML1 in coimmunoprecipitation analyses, and confocal microscopy analysis of cells expressing fluorescence-tagged protein derivatives shows that CN can be recruited to the nucleus by AML1 in vivo. Mutant analysis of the GM-CSF promoter shows that the Ets1 binding site of the promoter is essential for the synergy between AML1 and CN in Jurkat T cells. Analysis of the effects of inhibitors of the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and in vitro phosphorylation/dephosphorylation analysis of Ets1 suggest that glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-phosphorylated Ets1 is a target of AML1-recruited CN phosphatase at the GM-CSF promoter.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategic Growth of Industrial Design Consultancy. A study of changes in the ID consultancy in a post-industrial society
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Design Connexity. - Aberdeen, Scotland.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a study of Swedish and Finnish industrial design consultancies (IDCs) we discuss how changes in industry have affected id-consultancies cope with growth, organizational and management issues. The traditional industrial designer worked in a small consultancy mainly with clients focusing on mass-produced products. The clients were basically domestic even if they operated worldwide. Investment in technology, for instance CAD and rapid prototyping, required larger investments and many id-consultancies saw a need to expand in order to afford these investments. The growth trend will probably continue, with further demands on management skills and this will also, most likely, affect also the small design firms. The design maturity of the client firms is increasing which will put a higher demand on the professionalization of the design firms. Although design has received more attention and is recognized as a valuable tool for competitiveness, the knowledge about what IDCs do and the value of their work is still mainly restricted to those who have experience working with designers. Many designers still argue that their clients do not see how design and strategies are interconnected. The question is whether the IDCs know how to communicate their competence and contribution to business development and strategy creation. The strategic role of design is not always clear to the client firm, but the question is also if the IDCs are clear about what strategy means in a corporate perspective.
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| 8. |
- Söfteland, John M., 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Longevity of anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies after COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients compared to immunocompetent controls.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-6143. ; 22:4, s. 1245-1252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are on lifelong immunosuppression, which may interfere with adaptive immunity to COVID-19. The data on dynamics and duration of antibody response in SOTRs are limited. This longitudinal study examined the longevity of both anti-spike (S)- and anti-nucleocapsid (N)-specific IgG-antibodies after COVID-19 in SOTRs compared to matched immunocompetent persons. SOTRs (n=65) were matched with controls (n=65) for COVID-19 disease severity, age, and sex in order of priority. Serum-IgG-antibodies against N- and S-antigens of SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed. At 1 and 9 months after COVID-19, anti-S-IgG detectability decreased from 91% to 82% in SOTRs versus 100% to 95% in controls, whereas the anti-N-IgG decreased from 63% to 29% in SOTRs versus 89% to 46% in controls. A matched paired analysis showed SOTRs having significantly lower levels of anti-N-IgG at all time points (1-month P=0.007, 3-months P<0.001, 6-months P=0.019 and 9-months P=0.021) but not anti-S-IgG at any time points. A mixed-model analysis confirmed these findings except for anti-S-IgG at one month (p=0.005) and identified severity score as the most important predictor of antibody response. SOTRs mount comparable S-specific, but not N-specific, antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to immunocompetent controls.
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| 9. |
- Tarigopula, Venkapati, et al.
(författare)
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A study of large plastic deformations in dual phase steel using digital image correlation and FE analysis
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Experimental mechanics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0014-4851 .- 1741-2765. ; 48:2, s. 181-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large plastic deformation in sheets made of dual phase steel DP800 is studied experimentally and numerically. Shear testing is applied to obtain large plastic strains in sheet metals without strain localisation. In the experiments, full-field displacement measurements are carried out by means of digital image correlation, and based on these measurements the strain field of the deformed specimen is calculated. In the numerical analyses, an elastoplastic constitutive model with isotropic hardening and the Cockcroft - Latham fracture criterion is adopted to predict the observed behaviour. The strain hardening parameters are obtained from a standard uniaxial tensile test for small and moderate strains, while the shear test is used to determine the strain hardening for large strains and to calibrate the fracture criterion. Finite Element (FE) calculations with shell and brick elements are performed using the non-linear FE code LS - DYNA. The local strains in the shear zone and the nominal shear stress-elongation characteristics obtained by experiments and FE simulations are compared, and, in general, good agreement is obtained. It is demonstrated how the strain hardening at large strains and the Cockcroft - Latham fracture criterion can be calibrated from the in-plane shear test with the aid of non-linear FE analyses.
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| 10. |
- Timpka, Toomas, et al.
(författare)
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Population-based simulations of influenza pandemics : validity and significance for public health policy
- 2009
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Ingår i: BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. - 0042-9686 .- 1564-0604. ; 87:4, s. 305-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To examine the validity and usefulness of pandemic simulations aimed at informing practical decision-making in public health. Methods We recruited a multidisciplinary group of nine experts to assess a case-study simulation of influenza transmission in a Swedish county. We used a non-statistical nominal group technique to generate evaluations of the plausibility, formal validity (verification) and predictive validity of the simulation. A health-effect assessment structure was used as a framework for data collection. Findings The unpredictability, of social order during disasters was not adequately addressed by simulation methods; even minor disruptions of the social order may invalidate key infrastructural assumptions underpinning current pandemic simulation models. Further, a direct relationship between model flexibility and computation time was noted. Consequently, simulation methods cannot, in practice, support integrated modifications of microbiological, epidemiological and spatial submodels or handle multiple parallel scenarios. Conclusion The combination of incomplete surveillance data and simulation methods that neglect social dynamics limits the ability of national public health agencies to provide policy-makers and the general public with the critical and timely information needed during a pandemic.
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| 11. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
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| 13. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
-
Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
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| 14. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
A Cloud Service Control Approach for Distributed and Adaptive Equipment Control in Cloud Environments
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier. - 2212-8271. ; 41, s. 644-649, s. 644-649
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A developing trend within the manufacturing shop-floor domain is the move of manufacturing activities into cloud environments, as scalable, on-demand and pay-per-usage cloud services. This will radically change traditional manufacturing, as borderless, distributed and collaborative manufacturing missions between volatile, best suited groups of partners will impose a multitude of advantages. The evolving Cloud Manufacturing (CM) paradigm will enable this new manufacturing concept, and on-going research has described many of its anticipated core virtues and enabling technologies. However, a major key enabling technology within CM which has not yet been fully addressed is the dynamic and distributed planning, control and execution of scattered and cooperating shop-floor equipment, completing joint manufacturing tasks.In this paper, the technological perspective for a cloud service-based control approach is described, and how it could be implemented. Existing manufacturing resources, such as soft, hard and capability resources, can be packaged as cloud services, and combined to create different levels of equipment or manufacturing control, ranging from low-level control of single machines or devices (e.g. Robot Control-as-a-Service), up to the execution of high level multi-process manufacturing tasks (e.g. Manufacturing-as-a-Service). A multi-layer control approach, featuring adaptive decision-making for both global and local environmental conditions, is proposed. This is realized through the use of a network of intelligent and distributable decision modules such as event-driven Function Blocks, enabling run-time manufacturing activities to be performed according to actual manufacturing conditions. The control system’s integration to the CM cloud service management functionality is also described.
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| 15. |
- Adamson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Adaptive Assembly Feature Based Function Block Control of Robotic Assembly Operations
- 2012
-
Ingår i: The 13th Mechatronics Forum International Conference Proceedings. - Linz : TRAUNER Verlag. - 9783990330425 ; , s. 8-13
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many manufacturing systems are exposed to a variety of unforeseen changes, negatively restricting their performances. External variations depending on market demand (e.g. changes in design, quantity and product mix) and internal variations in production capability and flexibility (e.g. equipment breakdowns, missing/worn/broken tools, delays and express orders) all contribute to an environment of uncertainty. In these dynamically changing environments, adaptability is a key feature for manufacturing systems to be able to perform at a maximum level, while keeping unscheduled downtime to a minimum. Targeting manufacturing equipment adaptability, this paper reports an assembly feature (AF) based approach for robotic assembly, using IEC 61499 compliant Function Blocks (FBs). Through the use of a network of event-driven FBs, an adaptive controller system for an industrial gantry robot’s assembly operations has been designed, implemented and tested. Basic assembly operations have been mapped as AFs into Assembly Feature Function Blocks (AF-FBs). Through their combination in FB networks, they can be aggregated to perform higher level assembly tasks. The AF-FBs dynamic execution and behavior can be adaptively controlled through embedded eventdriven algorithms, enabling the ability of adaptive decisions to handle unforeseen changes in the runtime environment.
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| 16. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adaptive Robot Control as a Service in Cloud Manufacturing
- 2015
-
Ingår i: ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. - : ASME Press. - 9780791856833 ; , s. Paper No. MSEC2015-9479-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest for implementing the concept of Manufacturing-as-a-Service is increasing as concepts for letting the manufacturing shop-floor domain take advantage of the cloud appears. Combining technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Semantic Web, virtualisation and service-oriented technologies with advanced manufacturing models, information and communication technologies, Cloud Manufacturing (CM) is emerging as a new manufacturing paradigm. The ideas of on-demand, scalable and pay-for-usage resource-sharing in this concept will move manufacturing towards distributed and collaborative missions in volatile partnerships. This will require a control approach for distributed planning and execution of cooperating manufacturing activities. Without control based on both global and local environmental conditions, the advantages of CM will not be fulfilled.By utilising smart and distributable decision modules such as event-driven FBs, run-time manufacturing operations in a distributed environment may be adjusted to prevailing manufacturing conditions. Packaged in a cloud service for manufacturing equipment control, it will satisfy the control needs in CM. By combining different resource types, such as hard, soft and capability resources, the cloud service Robot Control-as-a-Service can be realised.This paper describes the functional perspective and enabling technologies for a control approach for robotic assembly tasks in CM, and describes a scenario for its implementation.
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| 17. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adaptive robotic control in cloud environments
- 2014
-
Ingår i: FAIM 2014 - Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing. - Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA : DEStech Publications Inc. - 9781605951737 ; , s. 37-44
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing globalization is a trend which forces manufacturing industry of today to focus on more cost-effective manufacturing systems and collaboration within global supply chains and manufacturing networks. Cloud Manufacturing (CM) is evolving as a new manufacturing paradigm to match this trend, enabling the mutually advantageous sharing of resources, knowledge and information between distributed companies and manufacturing units. Providing a framework for collaboration within complex and critical tasks, such as manufacturing and design, it increases the companies' ability to successfully compete on a global marketplace. One of the major, crucial objectives for CM is the coordinated planning, control and execution of discrete manufacturing operations in a collaborative and networked environment. This paper describes the overall concept of adaptive Function Block control of manufacturing equipment in Cloud environments, with the specific focus on robotic assembly operations, and presents Cloud Robotics as "Robot Control-as-a-Service" within CM.
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| 18. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cloud Manufacturing : A Critical Review of Recent Development and Future Trends
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International journal of computer integrated manufacturing (Print). - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0951-192X .- 1362-3052. ; 30:4-5, s. 347-380
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an on-going paradigm shift in manufacturing, in which modern manufacturing industry is changing towards global manufacturing networks and supply chains. This will lead to the flexible usage of different globally distributed, scalable and sustainable, service-oriented manufacturing systems and resources. Combining recently emerged technologies, such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Semantic Web, service-oriented technologies, virtualisation and advanced high-performance computing technologies, with advanced manufacturing models and information technologies, Cloud Manufacturing is a new manufacturing paradigm built on resource sharing, supporting and driving this change.It is envisioned that companies in all sectors of manufacturing will be able to package their resources and know-hows in the Cloud, making them conveniently available for others through pay-as-you-go, which is also timely and economically attractive. Resources, e.g. manufacturing software tools, applications, knowledge and fabrication capabilities and equipment, will then be made accessible to presumptive consumers on a worldwide basis.Cloud Manufacturing has been in focus for a great deal of research interest and suggested applications during recent years, by both industrial and academic communities. After surveying a vast array of available publications, this paper presents an up-to-date literature review together with identified outstanding research issues, and future trends and directions within Cloud Manufacturing.
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| 19. |
- Adamson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Event-Driven Adaptability using IEC 61499 in Manufacturing Systems
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of The 5th International Swedish Production Symposium, SPS12. - Linköping : The Swedish Production Academy. - 9789175197524 ; , s. 453-460
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different kinds of uncertainty, such as variations in manufacturing capability and functionality, as well as changes in demand, make up a dynamically changing environment for many manufacturing systems of today. The ability to adapt to these unforeseen changes, through dynamic decision-making as well as dynamic control capabilities based on the use of real-time manufacturing information and intelligence, is vital to be able to perform at a competitive level while reducing unscheduled downtime. The event-driven Function Block (FB) model of the IEC 61499 standard, as opposed to the time-triggered and data-driven concept of IEC 61331, supports this approach, making it possible to handle, in a responsive and adaptive way, different kinds of uncertainty. Our objective is to develop methodologies for distributed, adaptive and dynamic process planning as well as machine monitoring and control for machining and assembly operations, using event-driven FBs. The implementation and testing of FB-based control for manufacturing equipment has been successfully realized in prototype systems, with control of both CNC machining and robotic assembly operations. The approach of using IEC 61499 FBs for adaptive control in other applications is also investigated, as an adaptive decision support system for operators at manufacturing facilities is under development. We strongly believe that IEC 61499 will play a major role in the shift to adaptive manufacturing systems.
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| 20. |
- Adamson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Feature-Based Adaptive Manufacturing Equipment Control for Cloud Environments
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference, 2016, vol 2. - : American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 9780791849903
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ideas of on-demand, scalable and pay-for-usage resource-sharing in Cloud Manufacturing are steadily attracting more interest. For implementing the concept of Manufacturing as-a-Service in a cloud environment, description models and implementation language for resources and their capabilities are required. A standardized approach for systemived virtualization, servisilisation, retrieval, selection and composition into higher levels of functionality is necessary. For the collaborative sharing and use of networked manufacturing resources there is also a need for a control approach for distributed manufacturing equipment. In this paper, the technological perspective for an adaptive cloud service-based control approach is described, and a supporting information model for its implementation. The control is realized through the use of a network of intelligent and distributable Function Block decision modules, enabling run-time manufacturing activities to be performed according to actual manufacturing conditions. The control system's integration to the cloud service management functionality is described, as well as a feature-level capability model and the use of ontologies and the Semantic Web.
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| 21. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Function Block Approach for Adaptive Robotic Control in Virtual and Real Environments
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th Mechatronics Forum International Conference, Mechatronics 2014. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 9789170635649 ; , s. 473-479
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many manufacturing companies are facing an increasing amount of changes and uncertainty, caused by both internal and external factors. Frequently changing customer and market demands lead to variations in manufacturing quantities, product design and shorter product life-cycles, and variations in manufacturing capability and functionality contribute to a high level of uncertainty. The result is unpredictable manufacturing system performance, with an increased number of unforeseen events occurring in these systems. Such events are difficult for traditional planning and control systems to satisfactorily manage. For scenarios like these, with a dynamically changing manufacturing environment, adaptive decision making is crucial for successfully performing manufacturing operations. Relying on real-time information of manufacturing processes and operations, and their enabling resources, adaptive decision making can be realized with a control approach combining IEC 61499 event-driven Function Blocks (FBs) with manufacturing features. These FBs are small decision-making modules with embedded algorithms designed to generate the desired equipment control code. When dynamically triggered by event inputs, parameter values in their data inputs are forwarded to the appropriate algorithms, which generate new events and data output as control instructions. The data inputs also include monitored real-time information which allows the dynamic creation of equipment control code adapted to the actual run-time conditions on the shop-floor. Manufacturing features build on the concept that a manufacturing task can be broken down into a sequence of minor basic operations, in this research assembly features (AFs). These features define atomic assembly operations, and by combining and implementing these in the event-driven FB embedded algorithms, automatic code generation is possible. A test case with a virtual robot assembly cell is presented, demonstrating the functionality of the proposed control approach.
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| 22. |
- Adamson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
The state of the art of cloud manufacturing and future trends
- 2013
-
Ingår i: ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference Collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference, MSEC 2013. - : ASME - The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 9780791855461
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cloud manufacturing has emerged as a new manufacturing paradigm, which combines technologies (such as Internet of Things, Cloud computing, semantic Web, virtualisation and service-oriented technologies) with advanced manufacturing models, information and communication technologies. It aims to be networked, intelligent, service-oriented, knowledge-based and energy efficient, and promises a variety of benefits and advantages by providing fast, reliable and secure on-demand services for users. It is envisioned that companies in all sectors of manufacturing will be able to package their resources and know-hows in the Cloud, making them conveniently available for others through pay-as-you-go, which is also timely and economically attractive. Resources, e.g. manufacturing software tools, applications, knowledge and fabrication capabilities, will then be made accessible to presumptive consumers on a worldwide basis. After surveying a vast array of available publications, this paper presents an up-to-date literature review together with future trends and research directions in Cloud manufacturing.
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| 23. |
- Adawi, Tom, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Superembeddings, nonlinear supersymmetry and five-branes
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Int.J.Mod.Phys.A13:4691-4716,1998.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine general properties of superembeddings, i.e., embeddings of supermanifolds into supermanifolds. The connection between an embedding procedure and the method of non-linearly realised supersymmetry is clarified, and we demonstrate how the latter arises as a special case of the former. As an illustration, the super-5-brane in 7 dimensions, containing a self-dual 3-form world-volume field strength, is formulated in both languages, and provides an example of a model where the embedding condition does not suffice to put the theory on-shell.
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| 24. |
- Adrian-Kalchhauser, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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The mitochondrial genome sequences of the round goby and the sand goby reveal patterns of recent evolution in gobiid fish
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Vertebrate mitochondrial genomes are optimized for fast replication and low cost of RNA expression. Accordingly, they are devoid of introns, are transcribed as polycistrons and contain very little intergenic sequences. Usually, vertebrate mitochondrial genomes measure between 16.5 and 17 kilobases (kb). Results During genome sequencing projects for two novel vertebrate models, the invasive round goby and the sand goby, we found that the sand goby genome is exceptionally small (16.4 kb), while the mitochondrial genome of the round goby is much larger than expected for a vertebrate. It is 19 kb in size and is thus one of the largest fish and even vertebrate mitochondrial genomes known to date. The expansion is attributable to a sequence insertion downstream of the putative transcriptional start site. This insertion carries traces of repeats from the control region, but is mostly novel. To get more information about this phenomenon, we gathered all available mitochondrial genomes of Gobiidae and of nine gobioid species, performed phylogenetic analyses, analysed gene arrangements, and compared gobiid mitochondrial genome sizes, ecological information and other species characteristics with respect to the mitochondrial phylogeny. This allowed us amongst others to identify a unique arrangement of tRNAs among Ponto-Caspian gobies. Conclusions Our results indicate that the round goby mitochondrial genome may contain novel features. Since mitochondrial genome organisation is tightly linked to energy metabolism, these features may be linked to its invasion success. Also, the unique tRNA arrangement among Ponto-Caspian gobies may be helpful in studying the evolution of this highly adaptive and invasive species group. Finally, we find that the phylogeny of gobiids can be further refined by the use of longer stretches of linked DNA sequence.
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| 25. |
- Aldea, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Species stratification and weather conditions drive tree growth in Scots pine and Norway spruce mixed stands along Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mixed forests are suggested as a strategic adaptation of forest management to climate change. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) are tree species of high economic and ecological value for European forestry. Both species coexist naturally in a large part of their distributions but there is a lack of knowledge on the ecological functioning of mixtures of these species and how to manage such stands. This paper analyses these species' intra- and inter-specific competition, including size-symmetric vs. size-asymmetric competition, and explore the effect of weather conditions on tree growth and competition. We studied basal area growth at tree level for Scots pine and Norway spruce in mixed versus pure stands in 22 triplets of fully-stocked plots along a broad range of ecological conditions across Europe. Stand inventory and increment cores provided insights into how species mixing modifies tree growth compared with neighbouring pure stands. Five different competition indices, weather variables and their interactions were included and checked in basal area growth models using a linear mixed model approach. Interspecific size-asymmetric competition strongly influenced growth for both tree species, and was modulated by weather conditions. However, species height stratification in mixed stands resulted in a greater tree basal area growth of Scots pine (10.5 em(2) year(-1)) than in pure stands (9.3 em(2) year(-1)), as this species occupies the upper canopy layer. Scots pine growth depended on temperature and drought, whereas Norway spruce growth was influenced only by drought. Interspecific site-asymmetric competition increased in cold winters for Scots pine, and decreased after a drought year for Norway spruce. Although mixtures of these species may reduce tree size for Norway spruce, our results suggest that this could be offset by faster growth in Scots pine. How inter-specific competition and weather conditions alter tree growth may have strong implications for the management of Scots pine-Norway spruce mixtures along the rotation period into the ongoing climate change scenario.
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| 26. |
- Aldea, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Timing and duration of drought modulate tree growth response in pure and mixed stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-0477 .- 1365-2745. ; 110:11, s. 2673-2683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is increasing the severity and frequency of droughts around the globe, leading to tree mortality that reduces production and provision of other ecosystem services. Recent studies show that growth of mixed stands may be more resilient to drought than pure stands. The two most economically important and widely distributed tree species in Europe are Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), but little is known about their susceptibility to drought when coexist.This paper analyses the resilience (resistance, recovery rate and recovery time) at individual-tree level using a network of tree-ring collections from 22 sites along a climatic gradient from central Europe to Scandinavia. We aimed to identify differences in growth following drought between the two species and between mixed and pure stands, and how environmental variables (climate, topography and site location) and tree characteristics influence them.We found that both the timing and duration of drought drive the different responses between species and compositions. Norway spruce showed higher vulnerability to summer drought, with both lower resistance and a longer recovery time than Scots pine. Mixtures provided higher drought resistance for both species compared to pure stands, but the benefit decreases with the duration of the drought. Especially climate sensitive and old trees in climatically marginal sites were more affected by drought stress.Synthesis. Promoting Scots pine and mixed forests is a promising strategy for adapting European forests to climate change. However, if future droughts become longer, the advantage of mixed stands could disappear which would be especially negative for Norway spruce.
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| 27. |
- Alonso-Blanco, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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1,135 Genomes Reveal the Global Pattern of Polymorphism in Arabidopsis thaliana
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 166:2, s. 481-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arabidopsis thaliana serves as a model organism for the study of fundamental physiological, cellular, and molecular processes. It has also greatly advanced our understanding of intraspecific genome variation. We present a detailed map of variation in 1,135 high-quality re-sequenced natural inbred lines representing the native Eurasian and North African range and recently colonized North America. We identify relict populations that continue to inhabit ancestral habitats, primarily in the Iberian Peninsula. They have mixed with a lineage that has spread to northern latitudes from an unknown glacial refugium and is now found in a much broader spectrum of habitats. Insights into the history of the species and the fine-scale distribution of genetic diversity provide the basis for full exploitation of A. thaliana natural variation through integration of genomes and epigenomes with molecular and non-molecular phenotypes.
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| 28. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Malte, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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”Minskande befolkning är inte problemet”
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. ; :1 augusti, DN-debatt
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Nätverket Population Matters Sweden: En uppmärksammad studie i The Lancet pekar mot en lägre befolkningsökning i världen än tidigare prognoser. Men en miljard människor till är fortfarande långt över vad jorden klarar. Befolkningstrenden måste snarare vända neråt, och det kräver åtgärder för att stärka kvinnors rättigheter världen över.
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| 30. |
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Arkitekturteorier
- 1999
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 31. |
- Axfors, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
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Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19 : a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2334. ; 21:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatment compared to placebo or no treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19, using data from all available randomized clinical trials, including unpublished and ongoing trials (Open Science Framework, ). Methods: In this collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis, clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), the Cochrane COVID-19 register, the LOVE database, and PubMed were searched until April 8, 2021. Investigators of trials registered by March 1, 2021, without published results were contacted via email. Eligible were ongoing, discontinued and completed randomized clinical trials that compared convalescent plasma with placebo or no treatment in COVID-19 patients, regardless of setting or treatment schedule. Aggregated mortality data were extracted from publications or provided by investigators of unpublished trials and combined using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random effects model. We investigated the contribution of unpublished trials to the overall evidence. Results: A total of 16,477 patients were included in 33 trials (20 unpublished with 3190 patients, 13 published with 13,287 patients). 32 trials enrolled only hospitalized patients (including 3 with only intensive care unit patients). Risk of bias was low for 29/33 trials. Of 8495 patients who received convalescent plasma, 1997 died (23%), and of 7982 control patients, 1952 died (24%). The combined risk ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92; 1.02) with between-study heterogeneity not beyond chance (I-2 = 0%). The RECOVERY trial had 69.8% and the unpublished evidence 25.3% of the weight in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: Convalescent plasma treatment of patients with COVID-19 did not reduce all-cause mortality. These results provide strong evidence that convalescent plasma treatment for patients with COVID-19 should not be used outside of randomized trials. Evidence synthesis from collaborations among trial investigators can inform both evidence generation and evidence application in patient care.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Berling Holm, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Surgery for chronic otitis media causes greater taste disturbance than surgery for otosclerosis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Otology and Neurotology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1531-7129 .- 1537-4505. ; 40:1, s. e32-e39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Patients with otosclerosis more often complain about postoperative taste disturbance than patients with chronic otitis media, which seems paradoxical. We aim to investigate if and potentially why this seems to be the case, since the chorda tympani nerve (CTN) is thought to be severely traumatized less frequently during surgery in the former than in the latter.Study Design: Prospective cohort study.Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Hospital of Vastmanland, Vasteras, Sweden.Patients: Sixty-five adults undergoing primary middle ear surgery were included. Thirty-seven were operated on for chronic suppurative otitis media with or without cholesteatoma (CSOM) and 28 for otosclerosis.Interventions: Middle ear surgery due to otosclerosis or CSOM. Subjective and objective taste measurements and quality of life (QoL) questionnaire.Main Outcome Measures: Taste was assessed using electrogustometry (EGM) and the filter paper disc (FPD) method before and up to 1 year after surgery. Questionnaires on taste disturbance, including a visual analogue scale (VAS), and QoL were completed before and up to 1 year after surgery.Results: Subjective taste disturbance anytime during the 1-year follow-up were reported by 62 and 46%, respectively. The difference in EGM 1 week after surgery compared with preoperative EGM was significantly greater among CSOM patients than otosclerosis. One year postoperatively, the difference is non-significant.Conclusion: Surgery for CSOM causes greater initial and more long-lasting taste disturbances as compared with surgery for otosclerosis. One-year postoperative taste normalizes for both CSOM and otosclerosis patients according to VAS and EGM measurements. No real change in QoL was seen 1-year postoperatively.
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| 36. |
- Berling Holm, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Taste disturbance after stapes surgery : an evaluation of frequency, severity, duration, and quality-of-life
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 37:1, s. 39-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: The incidence of taste disturbance after stapes surgery is high (61.9 %), whereas the majority (94.8 %) recovers within 1 year. More severe surgical nerve trauma caused more disturbance, implying that the nerve should be handled carefully during surgery. Objectives: Patients operated on for otosclerosis seem more often to complain about post-operative taste disturbance than those operated on for chronic otitis media, although the chorda tympani nerve more seldom becomes maltreated in stapedotomy. These observations seem paradoxical. It is unclear to what extent a post-operative taste disturbance affects the quality-of-life. This study aims to shed light on the occurrence of post-operative taste disturbances, on possible prognostic factors, and to what extent post-operative taste disturbance impairs the quality-of-life. Methods: One hundred and thirty-four adults undergoing primary stapedotomy were included. Questionnaires on taste disturbance and quality-of-life (SF-36) were answered before and after surgery, until 1 year post-operatively. Results: Eighty-three (61.9%) study persons reported post-operative taste disturbance. Seven (5.2%) reported persisting disturbance at 1 year. Surgically more traumatized chorda tympani nerves correlated with more severe taste disturbance post-operatively than less traumatized. Taste disturbance at 1 year post-operatively correlate with a decrease of the physical function domain in the SF-36.
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| 37. |
- Berling Holm, Katarina
(författare)
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The Chorda Tympani Nerve : Role in Taste Impairment in Middle Ear Disease and after Ear Surgery
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chorda tympani nerve, also known as the taste nerve, runs uncovered through the middle ear cavity, a localization that exposes the nerve to pathological processes and surgical trauma in the middle ear. People operated on for otosclerosis tend to complain more about postoperative taste disturbances than those operated on for chronic otitis media. It has been suggested that this difference may be explained by gradual deterioration of chorda tympani nerve function caused by chronic otitis media infection and that further impairment caused by surgery is less noticeable in these patients.This thesis aimed to evaluate the function of the chorda tympani nerve, the effects of middle ear disease on taste and complications resulting from ear surgery for chronic otitis media or otosclerosis. This information will help to improve the ear surgeon’s ability to predict the prognosis of iatrogenic taste disturbances in patients with middle ear disease and after ear surgery.Taste was assessed using electrogustometry and the filter paper disc method before and after surgery for chronic otitis media or otosclerosis. Patients also completed questionnaires about symptoms and quality of life. The status of the chorda tympani nerve upon surgical opening of the ear and grading of the trauma to the nerve during the surgery were recorded. The ultrastructure of the chorda tympani nerve from healthy ears and from ears with chronic otitis media was examined. Electrogustometry and the filter paper disc method were evaluated.The results of electrogustometry and the filter paper disc method were highly reproducible, although their correlation was moderate. Patients with chronic otitis media, patients with a more traumatized nerve, female patients and younger patients were more likely to report postoperative taste disturbances. Most of the patients recovered their taste after 1 year. The quality of life study showed only minor changes after surgery. Electron microscopic observations of nerves from ears with chronic otitis media showed signs of structural degeneration, although signs of regeneration, such as sprouting were also observed. This results may explain the recovery of taste postoperatively and indicate that the nerve should be carefully handled during surgery.
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| 38. |
- Bermin, Hans Peter, et al.
(författare)
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KELLY TRADING AND MARKET EQUILIBRIUM
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance. - 0219-0249. ; 26:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Kelly framework is the natural multi-period extension of the one-period mean-variance model of Markowitz in the sense that the efficient frontier is characterized by trading strategies having maximal instantaneous Sharpe ratio. We show that Kelly traders naturally trade in such a way as to induce an equilibrium for the instantaneous covariance matrix. This equilibrium, arising from trading alone, has the property that the equilibrium correlation can be described as the saddle point of a stochastic differential game. However, because the game is not necessarily a zero-sum game the equilibrium volatility is shown to be lower than what is predicted from the game. The covariance equilibrium is fully specified by the rate of logarithmic return, the interest rate and the aggregate willingness to leverage seen in the market.
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| 39. |
- Bermin, Hans Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Kelly trading and option pricing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Futures Markets. - : Wiley. - 0270-7314 .- 1096-9934. ; 41:7, s. 987-1006
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we show that a Kelly trader is indifferent to trade a derivative if and only if the no-arbitrage price is uniquely given by the minimal martingale measure price, thus providing a natural selection mechanism for option pricing in incomplete markets. We also show that the unique Kelly indifference price results in market equilibrium in the sense that no Kelly trader can improve the magnitude of his instantaneous Sharpe ratio, by trading the derivative, given the actions of the other market participants.
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| 40. |
- Bermin, Hans Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The geometry of risk adjustments
- 2024
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Ingår i: Decisions in Economics and Finance. - 1593-8883. ; 47:1, s. 83-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a geometric approach to portfolio theory with a focus on risk-adjusted returns, in particular Jensen’s alpha. We find that while the alpha/beta approach has severe limitations, especially in higher dimensions, only minor conceptual modifications (e.g., using orthogonal Sharpe ratios rather than risk-adjusted returns) are needed to identify the efficient trading strategies. We further show that, in a complete market, the so-called market price of risk vector is identical to the growth optimal Kelly vector, albeit expressed in coordinates of a different basis. This implies that a derivative, having an orthogonal Sharpe ratio of zero, has a price given by the minimal martingale measure.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Bohlin, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Point source influences on the carbon and nitrogen geochemistry of sediments in the Stockholm inner archipelago, Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 366:1, s. 337-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports analyses of carbon and nitrogen content, and δ15N and δ13C in sediments of the Höggarnsfjärden Bay near Stockholm. Samples have been taken upstream, near, and downstream of a point source of processed leach water from a garbage dump. The surface sediment at the upstream and downstream sites has δ15N and δ13C close to the expected background of the area, even though a contribution from the leach water can be observed downstream of the point source. The sediment close to the outflow is strongly influenced by the carbon and nitrogen in the leach water.
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| 45. |
- Bohlin, Hanna, 1974-
(författare)
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The influence by point sources on carbon, nitrogen and metals in two sedimentary environments
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sediments in two aquatic environments have been investigated. Both are anthropogenically affected and polluted. The focus has been on stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, C/N ratios, and heavy metals. The first site is Höggarnsfjärden Bay in the inner parts of the Stockholm Archipelago, Sweden, where a garbage dump releases treated leach water. The effect on carbon and nitrogen in the sediment close to the discharge is large, but 1200 m downstream the effect is diluted by the background discharge of the town of Stockholm and the Lake Mälaren, which drains into the archipelago. The main source of the studied metals is not the garbage dump itself. The sediment close to the discharge shows high enrichment factors due to high sedimentation rate and adsorption, and low decomposition of organic matter. The metal enrichment factors of downstream sites are not higher than the upstream sites. The second site is Lake Verkasjön close to the north part of Lake Vättern, in the county of Örebro, Sweden. River Salaån flows through Lake Verkasjön on the way through a former mining area to Lake Vättern. Upstream of Lake Verkasjön an ore dressing plant site was used in 1877-1881 for extraction of zinc. During that period the sediment of Lake Verkasjön received high loadings of sulphidic tailings. Normal sedimentation after the event has lead to that the polluted sediment is found as a distinct layer at 18-22 cm. The layer is characterized by elevated metal concentrations, decreased organic matter content and increased stable carbon composition. The sediment that has accumulated above 18 cm works as a physicochemical barrier that seals the waste from the overlying sediment. At the time of the event the signal of aquatic production in the sediment changed; the sediment above the layer has an increased proportion of aquatically produced material, implying changed land use in the catchment area.
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| 46. |
- Boman, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-agent systems, time geography, and microsimulations
- 2004. - 1
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Ingår i: Systems Approaches and Their Application. - : Kluwer. - 9781402023699 ; , s. 95-118
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we consider the role virtual conferencing has to play in realising a successful Inhabited Information Space (IIS). For any IIS to be successful it needs to weave together many different constituent elements and present these in a coherent and seamless manner. For example, Maher et al (2000) describe how many different components are used together to create a virtual design studio for architectural collaboration. For the IIS to function all the elements must work both individually and collectively. Communication is one of the basic building blocks for an IIS, and can be in many modes across many media. Approaches to virtual conferencing offer support for communication across a number of media and can be utilised in an IIS. These approaches are also starting to additionally offer support for collaboration. By providing an introduction to and overview of various possibilities for virtual conferencing we aim to show how these solutions can provide the required and appropriate support for communication and collaboration between inhabitants in a shared information space. Of course virtual conferencing solutions exist at many levels of sophistication and fidelity. Communication media can range from text through 3d graphics to video representations. The aim of this chapter is to present these many and varied possibilities, drawing on the experience of the author as well as insights into the past, present and future. In this way it is possible to see how diverse a range of IISes can make use of virtual conferencing functionality.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Children's Subjective Ratings and Opinions of Typical and Dysphonic Voice After Performing a Language Comprehension Task in Background Noise.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4588 .- 0892-1997. ; 29:5, s. 624-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Previous studies suggest that dysphonic voices are perceived more negatively than typical voices, and it is possible that vocal perception influences academic achievement and comprehension. This study assessed children's subjective ratings and opinions of a typical and dysphonic voice after performing a language comprehension task in background noise. It also explored if subjective ratings were related to performance in the comprehension task. Study Design Ninety-three 8-year-old children participated and were randomly allocated to two groups. Methods A digital version of the Test for Reception of Grammar, version 2 (TROG-2) was used. In TROG-2, the child listens to a sentence and then, out of four possible pictures, selects the picture that corresponds to the sentence content. Each sentence assesses a specific grammatical construction. Test instructions were recorded using one speaker with two different voice qualities (typical voice and provoked dysphonic voice). One group of children performed TROG-2 with the typical voice and the other with the dysphonic voice, both presented in a multitalker babble noise using earphones. All children rated their subjective perception of the voice. Results The dysphonic voice received poorer ratings than the typical voice. Children making more positive ratings of the voice performed better on earlier blocks in TROG-2, but only in the typical voice group. Conclusions Children perceived the dysphonic voice more negatively even when listening to the same speaker. Performance is related to the perception of the voice, but only when the perceptual load of the task-relevant stimuli is sufficiently low.
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| 49. |
- Bång, Magnus, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile phone computing for in-situ cognitive-behavioral therapy
- 2007
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Ingår i: MedINFO 2007,2007. - : IOS Press. - 9781586037741 ; , s. 1078-1082
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for psychological disorders is becoming increasingly popular on the Internet. However when using this workstation approach, components such as training and learning relaxation skills, problem solving, exposure exercises, and sleep management guidance must be done in the domestic environment. This paper describes design concepts for providing spatially explicit CBT with mobile phones. We reviewed and analyzed a set of treatment manuals to distinguish elements of CBT that can be improved and supported using mobile phone applications. The key advantage of mobile computing support in CBT is that multimedia can be applied to record, scale, and label anxiety-provoking situations where the need arises, which helps the CBT clients formulate and convey their thoughts and feelings to relatives and friends, as well as to therapists at subsequent treatment sessions.
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| 50. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Ever Smoking is Not Associated with Performed Spirometry while Occupational Exposure and Respiratory Symptoms are
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of COPD. - 1176-9106. ; 18, s. 341-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Despite recommendations, assessment using spirometry or peak expiratory flow is insufficient in the clinical evaluation of suspected obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim was to investigate factors associated with performing spirometry or peak flow expiratory flow assessment. Methods: Randomly selected subjects from the general population aged 50–65 completed a respiratory questionnaire with items about the history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association between ever having had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed was analyzed for smoking, age, sex, occupational exposures, dyspnea, wheeze, self-reported physician diagnosed asthma and COPD using multivariable logistic regression models. The results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Of the 1105 participants, 43.4% (n=479) had a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. Occupational exposure (OR 1.72, [95% CI] 1.30–2.27), wheeze (OR 2.29, 1.41–3.70), and dyspnea (OR 1.70, 1.11–2.60) were associated with previously performed spirometry. Compared to men, women had spirometry or peak expiratory flow performed less often (OR 0.67, 0.51–0.86). Neither current smoking (OR 0.83, 0.57–1.20) or former smoking (OR 1.27, 0.96–1.67) were associated with performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. Conclusion: We found no relation between smoking status and a history of previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow in a population-based sample of middle-aged people. This is surprising regarding the strong guidelines which highlight the importance for spirometry surveillance on current smokers due to their increased risk of lung disease. Male sex, respiratory symptoms and occupational exposures to air pollution were associated with previously performed spirometry or peak expiratory flow. The association with occupational exposure may be an effect of pre-employment screening and workplace surveillance, and the findings indicate that females do not receive the same attention regarding spirometry or peak expiratory flow.
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