| 1. |
- Orsini, S., et al.
(författare)
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Inner southern magnetosphere observation of Mercury via SERENA ion sensors in BepiColombo mission
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mercury’s southern inner magnetosphere is an unexplored region as it was not observed by earlier space missions. In October 2021, BepiColombo mission has passed through this region during its first Mercury flyby. Here, we describe the observations of SERENA ion sensors nearby and inside Mercury’s magnetosphere. An intermittent high-energy signal, possibly due to an interplanetary magnetic flux rope, has been observed downstream Mercury, together with low energy solar wind. Low energy ions, possibly due to satellite outgassing, were detected outside the magnetosphere. The dayside magnetopause and bow-shock crossing were much closer to the planet than expected, signature of a highly eroded magnetosphere. Different ion populations have been observed inside the magnetosphere, like low latitude boundary layer at magnetopause inbound and partial ring current at dawn close to the planet. These observations are important for understanding the weak magnetosphere behavior so close to the Sun, revealing details never reached before.
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| 2. |
- Ongena, J., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of recent results on Heating and Current Drive in JET
- 2007
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Ingår i: RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS. - : AIP. ; , s. 249-256
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent progress on heating and current drive on JET is reported. Topics discussed are: high power coupling of ICRF/LH at ITER relevant antenna/launcher-separatrix distances, succesfull demonstration of 3 dB couplers for ELM tolerance of the ICRF system, influence of ICRF on LH operation, rotation studies in plasma without external momentum with standard and enhanced JET toriodal field ripple, studies of different ICRF heating schemes and of NTM avoidance schemes using Ion Cyclotron Current Drive. A brief outlook on future plans for experiments at JET is given.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Ella, et al.
(författare)
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Mass composition of the escaping plasma at Mars
- 2006
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Ingår i: Icarus. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-1035 .- 1090-2643. ; 182:2, s. 320-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data from the Ion Mass Analyzer (IMA) sensor of the ASPERA-3 instrument suite on Mars Express have been analyzed to determine the mass composition of the escaping ion species at Mars. We have examined 77 different ion-beam events and we present the results in terms of flux ratios between the following ion species: CO2+/O+ and O-2(+)/O+. The following ratios averaged over all events and energies were identified: CO2+/O+ = 0.2 and O-2(+)/O+ = 0.9. The values measured are significantly higher, by a factor of 10 for O-2(+)/O+, than a contemporary modeled ratio for the maximum fluxes which the martian ionosphere can supply. The most abundant ion species was found to be O+, followed by O-2(+) and CO2+. We estimate the loss of CO2+ to be 4.0 x 10(24) s(-1) (0.29 kg s(-1)) by using the previous measurements of Phobos-2 in our calculations. The dependence of the ion ratios in relation to their energy ranges we studied, 0.3-3.0 keV, indicated that no clear correlation was found.
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| 6. |
- Iglesias, Maria Jesus, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated plasma complement factor H related 5 protein is associated with venous thromboembolism
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, multi-causal disease with potentially serious short- and long-term complications. In clinical practice, there is a need for improved plasma biomarker-based tools for VTE diagnosis and risk prediction. Here we show, using proteomics profiling to screen plasma from patients with suspected acute VTE, and several case-control studies for VTE, how Complement Factor H Related 5 protein (CFHR5), a regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, is a VTE-associated plasma biomarker. In plasma, higher CFHR5 levels are associated with increased thrombin generation potential and recombinant CFHR5 enhanced platelet activation in vitro. GWAS analysis of ~52,000 participants identifies six loci associated with CFHR5 plasma levels, but Mendelian randomization do not demonstrate causality between CFHR5 and VTE. Our results indicate an important role for the regulation of the alternative pathway of complement activation in VTE and that CFHR5 represents a potential diagnostic and/or risk predictive plasma biomarker.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hall, B. E. S., et al.
(författare)
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Annual variations in the Martian bow shock location as observed by the Mars Express mission
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 121:11, s. 11474-11494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Martian bow shock distance has previously been shown to be anticorrelated with solar wind dynamic pressure but correlated with solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance. Since both of these solar parameters reduce with the square of the distance from the Sun, and Mars' orbit about the Sun increases by similar to 0.3 AU from perihelion to aphelion, it is not clear how the bow shock location will respond to variations in these solar parameters, if at all, throughout its orbit. In order to characterize such a response, we use more than 5 Martian years of Mars Express Analyser of Space Plasma and EneRgetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) Electron Spectrometer measurements to automatically identify 11,861 bow shock crossings. We have discovered that the bow shock distance as a function of solar longitude has a minimum of 2.39 R-M around aphelion and proceeds to a maximum of 2.65 R-M around perihelion, presenting an overall variation of similar to 11% throughout the Martian orbit. We have verified previous findings that the bow shock in southern hemisphere is on average located farther away from Mars than in the northern hemisphere. However, this hemispherical asymmetry is small (total distance variation of similar to 2.4%), and the same annual variations occur irrespective of the hemisphere. We have identified that the bow shock location is more sensitive to variations in the solar EUV irradiance than to solar wind dynamic pressure variations. We have proposed possible interaction mechanisms between the solar EUV flux and Martian plasma environment that could explain this annual variation in bow shock location.
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| 9. |
- Al-Motlaq, M., et al.
(författare)
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Position statement of the international network for child and family centered care : Child and family centred care during the COVID19 pandemic
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0882-5963 .- 1532-8449. ; 61, s. 140-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is the position of the International Network for Child and Family Centered Care (INCFCC) that COVID19 restrictions pose tremendous challenges for the health care team in their efforts to provide child and family centered care (CFCC). COVID-19 restrictions impact on the family's right to be presernt with their ill child and to contribute to the caring process. A limited number of articles have discussed challenges about the successful delivery of CFCC during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on current literature, the INCFCC stresses the need for continuous facilitation implementation of child and family centred care as, it is essential for children's physical and psychological wellbeing. Furthermore we believe that the families' presence and participation holds more benefits than risks to the health of children, their families, and the health care team.
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| 10. |
- Brain, D., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of global models for the solar wind interaction with Mars
- 2010
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Ingår i: Icarus. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-1035 .- 1090-2643. ; 206:1, s. 139-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present initial results from the first community-wide effort to compare global plasma interaction model results for Mars. Seven modeling groups participated in this activity, using MHD, multi-fluid, and hybrid assumptions in their simulations. Moderate solar wind and solar EUV conditions were chosen, and the conditions were implemented in the models and run to steady state. Model output was compared in three ways to determine how pressure was partitioned and conserved in each model, the location and asymmetry of plasma boundaries and pathways for planetary ion escape, and the total escape flux of planetary oxygen ions. The two participating MHD models provided similar results, while the five sets of multi-fluid and hybrid results were different in many ways. All hybrid results, however, showed two main channels for oxygen ion escape (a pickup ion 'plume' in the hemisphere toward which the solar wind convection electric field is directed, and a channel in the opposite hemisphere of the central magnetotail), while the MHD models showed one (a roughly symmetric channel in the central magnetotail). Most models showed a transition from an upstream region dominated by plasma dynamic pressure to a magnetosheath region dominated by thermal pressure to a low altitude region dominated by magnetic pressure. However, calculated escape rates for a single ion species varied by roughly an order of magnitude for similar input conditions, suggesting that the uncertainties in both the current and integrated escape over martian history as determined by models are large. These uncertainties are in addition to those associated with the evolution of the Sun, the martian dynamo, and the early atmosphere, highlighting the challenges we face in constructing Mars' past using models.
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| 11. |
- Bruzelius, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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PDGFB, a new candidate plasma biomarker for venous thromboembolism : results from the VEREMA affinity proteomics study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 128:23, s. E59-E66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a clear clinical need for high-specificity plasma biomarkers for predicting risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but thus far, such markers have remained elusive. Utilizing affinity reagents from the Human Protein Atlas project and multiplexed immuoassays, we extensively analyzed plasma samples from 2 individual studies to identify candidate protein markers associated with VTE risk. We screened plasma samples from 88 VTE cases and 85 matched controls, collected as part of the Swedish Venous Thromboembolism Biomarker Study, using suspension bead arrays composed of 755 antibodies targeting 408 candidate proteins. We identified significant associations between VTE occurrence and plasma levels of human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer binding protein 1 (HIVEP1), von Willebrand factor (VWF), glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), and platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFB). For replication, we profiled plasma samples of 580 cases and 589 controls from the French FARIVE study. These results confirmed the association of VWF and PDGFB with VTE after correction for multiple testing, whereas only weak trends were observed for HIVEP1 and GPX3. Although plasma levels of VWF and PDGFB correlated modestly (rho similar to 0.30) with each other, they were independently associated with VTE risk in a joint model in FARIVE (VWF P < .001; PDGFB P = .002). PDGF. was verified as the target of the capture antibody by immunocapture mass spectrometry and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, we demonstrate that high-throughput affinity plasma proteomic profiling is a valuable research strategy to identify potential candidate biomarkers for thrombosis-related disorders, and our study suggests a novel association of PDGFB plasma levels with VTE.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Dhanaya, M. B., et al.
(författare)
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Proton entry into the near-lunar plasma wake for magnetic field aligned flow
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 40:2, s. 2913-2917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first observation of protons in the near-lunar (100–200 km from the surface) and deeper (near anti-subsolar point) plasma wake when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind velocity (vsw) are parallel (aligned flow; angle between IMF and vsw≤10°). More than 98% of the observations during aligned flow condition showed the presence of protons in the wake. These observations are obtained by the Solar Wind Monitor sensor of the Sub-keV Atom Reflecting Analyser experiment on Chandrayaan-1. The observation cannot be explained by the conventional fluid models for aligned flow. Back tracing of the observed protons suggests that their source is the solar wind. The larger gyroradii of the wake protons compared to that of solar wind suggest that they were part of the tail of the solar wind velocity distribution function. Such protons could enter the wake due to their large gyroradii even when the flow is aligned to IMF. However, the wake boundary electric field may also play a role in the entry of the protons into the wake.
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| 14. |
- Farrell, William M., et al.
(författare)
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The dust, atmosphere, and plasma at the moon
- 2024
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Ingår i: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1529-6466 .- 1943-2666. ; 89, s. 563-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Rydwik, E., et al.
(författare)
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ReCOV : recovery and rehabilitation during and after COVID-19-a study protocol of a longitudinal observational study on patients, next of kin and health care staff
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-1847. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The knowledge of the long-term consequences of covid-19 is limited. In patients, symptoms such as fatigue, decreased physical, psychological, and cognitive function, and nutritional problems have been reported. How the disease has affected next of kin, as well as staff involved in the care of patients with covid-19, is also largely unknown. The overall aim of this study is therefore three-fold: (1) to describe and evaluate predictors of patient recovery, the type of rehabilitation received and patients’ experiences of specialized rehabilitation following COVID-19 infection; (2) to study how next of kin experienced the hospital care of their relative and their experiences of the psychosocial support they received as well as their psychological wellbeing; (3) to describe experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19 and evaluate psychological wellbeing, coping mechanisms and predictors for development of psychological distress over time in health care staff.Methods: This observational longitudinal study consists of three cohorts; patients, next of kin, and health care staff. The assessments for the patients consist of physical tests (lung function, muscle strength, physical capacity) and questionnaires (communication and swallowing, nutritional status, hearing, activities of daily living, physical activity, fatigue, cognition) longitudinally at 3, 6 and 12 months. Patient records auditing (care, rehabilitation) will be done retrospectively at 12 months. Patients (3, 6 and 12 months), next of kin (6 months) and health care staff (baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) will receive questionnaires regarding, health-related quality of life, depression, anxiety, sleeping disorders, and post-traumatic stress. Staff will also answer questionnaires about burnout and coping strategies. Interviews will be conducted in all three cohorts.Discussion: This study will be able to answer different research questions from a quantitative and qualitative perspective, by describing and evaluating long-term consequences and their associations with recovery, as well as exploring patients’, next of kins’ and staffs’ views and experiences of the disease and its consequences. This will form a base for a deeper and better understanding of the consequences of the disease from different perspectives as well as helping the society to better prepare for a future pandemic.
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| 16. |
- Andrews, David J., et al.
(författare)
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Plasma observations during the Mars atmospheric "plume" event of March-April 2012
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 121:4, s. 3139-3154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present initial analyses and conclusions from plasma observations made during the reported "Mars plume event" of March-April 2012. During this period, multiple independent amateur observers detected a localized, high-altitude "plume" over the Martian dawn terminator, the cause of which remains to be explained. The estimated brightness of the plume exceeds that expected for auroral emissions, and its projected altitude greatly exceeds that at which clouds are expected to form. We report on in situ measurements of ionospheric plasma density and solar wind parameters throughout this interval made by Mars Express, obtained over the same surface region but at the opposing terminator. Measurements in the ionosphere at the corresponding location frequently show a disturbed structure, though this is not atypical for such regions with intense crustal magnetic fields. We tentatively conclude that the formation and/or transport of this plume to the altitudes where it was observed could be due in part to the result of a large interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) encountering the Martian system. Interestingly, we note that the only similar plume detection in May 1997 may also have been associated with a large ICME impact at Mars.
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| 17. |
- Bastholm Rahmner, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Physicians perceptions of possibilities and obstacles prior to implementing a computerised drug prescribing support system
- 2004
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Ingår i: International journal of health care quality assurance incorporating leadership in helath services. - : Emerald. - 1366-0756 .- 2051-3135. ; 17:4, s. 173-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seeks to identify physicians' perceptions of possibilities and obstacles prior to implementing a computerised drug prescribing support system. Details a descriptive, qualitative study, with semi-structured individual interviews of 21 physicians in the Accident and Emergency Department of South Stockholm General Hospital. Identifies four descriptive categories for possibilities and obstacles. Concludes that gaining access to patient drug history enables physicians to carry out work in a professional way – a need the computerised prescription support system was not developed for and thus cannot fulfil. Alerts and producer-independent drug information are valuable in reducing workload. However, technical prerequisites form the base for a successful implementation. Time must be given to adapt to new ways of working.
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| 18. |
- Berntorp, E., et al.
(författare)
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European retrospective study of real-life haemophilia treatment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 23:1, s. 105-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Haemophilia treatment varies significantly between individuals, countries and regions and details of bleed rates, factor consumption and injection frequency are often not available. Aim: To provide an overview of the FVIII/FIX treatment practice and outcome for patients with haemophilia A (HA) or haemophilia B (HB) across Europe. Methods: Non-interventional, 12-month retrospective study where anonymized data were retrieved from haemophilia centres/registers in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Male patients (all ages) receiving coagulation factor treatment 24 months prior to the study, with basal FVIII/FIX levels ≤5 IU dL-1, without inhibitors, were included. Data were summarized descriptively. Results: In total, 1346 patients with HA and 312 with HB were included in the analysis; 75% and 57% had severe disease (FVIII/FIX < 1 IU dL-1) respectively. Prophylaxis was most common for severe haemophilia, especially for children, whereas on-demand treatment was more common for moderate haemophilia in most countries. The mean (SD) prescribed prophylactic treatment ranged from 67.9 (30.4) to 108.4 (78.1) (HA) and 32.3 (10.2) to 97.7 (32.1) (HB) IU kg-1 per week, across countries. Most patients on prophylaxis were treated ≥3 times/week (HA) or two times/week (HB). The median annual bleeding rate (ABR) for patients on prophylaxis ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 for severe HA, and from 1.0 to 6.0 for severe HB, while those with moderate haemophilia generally had slightly higher ABRs. Median ABRs for on-demand-treated severe HA ranged from 4.5 to 18.0, and for HB, 1.5 to 14.0. Conclusion: Treatment practice varied greatly between centres and countries and patients treated on-demand and prophylactically both experienced bleeds, emphasizing the need for further optimization of care.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Edberg, Frida, 1966-
(författare)
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Bacteria and geochemistry in a former uranium open pit mine - mobilization of trace metals
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In mining areas around the world, chemical and biotic processes have lead to the release of toxic substances, e.g. metals. Microbial processes influence metal speciation, while the chemical environment shapes and controls microbial populations. This thesis has two parts and the papers cover various aspects of metal-to-microbe links in a former uranium mine at Ranstad, Sweden. The first part of the thesis examines bacteria-induced metal mobilization by the cultivation of Pseudomonas fluorescens with ore and minerals from the Ranstad mine. The presence of a mineral source stimulated bacterial growth. Pyoverdine-type siderophores typical for P. fluorescens were produced, but also other types of siderophores. The bacterial mobilization of metals is implied by the agreement in concentrations of Fe-pyoverdine complex and soluble Fe, and by the concentrations of Ni and Co in solution. U was mobilized from the ore as a result of bacterial growth raising pH. The second part of the thesis focus on the partitioning of metals and their links to the microbial communities in the water of the former open pit mine, Lake Tranebärssjön. The lake was pH-neutral to alkaline, highly stratified, and had an anoxic hypolimnion with high concentrations of metals and SO42-. Size fractionation showed the dissolved fraction dominating for most metals, while the particulate and colloidal fractions dominated for Fe. Chemical equilibrium models agreed reasonably well with these results. In the pyrosequencing study of the bacterial community, depth-related changes in water chemistry corresponded to a distinct shift in the microbial community, indicating a chemical control. The presence of metal- and SO42--reducing bacteria suggests a possible microbe – chemistry connection. The findings of this thesis could be used for the restoration and remediation of mining sites, and provides information on factors governing the establishment and control of bacterial populations in freshwaters.
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| 23. |
- Eriksson, L. G., et al.
(författare)
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Toroidal rotation in RF heated JET plasmas
- 2009
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 51:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observations of bulk plasma rotation in radio frequency (RF) heated JET discharges are reported. This study is concentrated on RF heated L-mode plasmas. In particular, the toroidal rotation profiles in plasmas heated by ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) waves and lower hybrid (LH) waves have been analysed. It is the first time that rotation profiles in JET plasmas with LH waves have been measured in dedicated discharges. It is found that the toroidal plasma rotation in the outer region of the plasmas is in the co-current direction irrespective of the heating scenario. An interesting feature is that the toroidal rotation profile appears to be hollow in many discharges at low plasma current, but a low current in itself does not seem to be a sufficient condition for finding such profiles. Fast ion transport and finite orbit width effects are mechanisms that could explain hollow rotation profiles. This possibility has been investigated by numerical simulations of the torque on the bulk plasma due to fast ICRF accelerated ions. The obtained torque is used in a transport equation for the toroidal momentum density to estimate the effect on the thermal bulk plasma rotation profile.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Fransson, C. -M, et al.
(författare)
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Global controller optimization using horowitz bounds
- 2002
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Ingår i: IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline). ; , s. 247-252
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A procedure for global optimization of PID type controller parameters for SISO plants with model uncertainty is presented. Robustness to the uncertainties is guaranteed by the use of Horowitz bounds, which are used as constraints when low frequency performance is optimized. The basic idea of both the optimization and the parameter tuning is to formulate separate criteria for low, mid and high frequency closed loop properties. The trade-off between stability margins, high frequency robustness and low frequency performance is then elucidated and, hence, the final choice of parameters is facilitated. The optimization problems are non-convex and ill-conditioned and we use a combination of new global and standard local optimization algorithms available in the TOMLAB optimization environment to solve the problem. The method does not rely on a good initial guess and converges fast and robustly. It is applied to a controller structure comparison for a plant with an uncertain mechanical resonance. For a given control activity and stability margin as well as identical tuning parameters it is shown that a PID controller achieves slightly improved low frequency performance compared to an H∞ controller based on loop-shaping. The reason for this somewhat surprising result is the roll-off in the H∞ controller, which adds additional high frequency robustness compared to the PID controller. Computationally, a factor of 10-20 has been gained compared to an earlier, less general, version of the procedure.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Karis, O., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of short- and long-range hybridization of a buried Cu monolayer in Ni
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 62:24, s. R16239-R16242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic structure of a Cu monolayer buried in Ni fcc(100) is studied by means of x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopies in combination with first principles calculations. The local character of the x-ray probes allows us to investigate changes in the chemical interaction for these ultrathin film systems. In comparison to bulk Cu, the occupied d states of a buried Cu monolayer, as mapped in the x-ray emission spectrum, remain mostly unaltered. The absorption spectrum on the other hand shows that the empty states of the buried Cu monolayer are modified, and instead resemble the unoccupied electronic density of bulk Ni. These findings agree well with our first principle electronic structure calculations and the results are interpreted in terms of short- and long-range hybridization.
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| 29. |
- Karis, O, et al.
(författare)
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Probing surface states of Cu/Ni thin films using x-ray absorption spectroscopy
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 63:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface and interface properties of Cu thin films (1–4 monolayers) deposited on Ni(100) have been extracted by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy and analyzed in combination with ab initio density-functional calculations. An unoccupied Cu surface state is identified in an x-ray absorption spectra and studied as a function of film thickness. Experimental data is supported by calculations of the layer-resolved density of states and the results from this combined theoretical-experimental effort show that the surface state is almost entirely located on the atomic layer closest to the vacuum. Our results also indicate strong hybridization between unoccupied states at the Cu/Ni interface boundary.
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| 30. |
- Moberg, M., et al.
(författare)
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Fingerprinting metal-containing biomolecules after reductive displacement of iron by gallium and subsequent column-switched LC-ICP-MS analysis applied on siderophore.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 76:9, s. 2618-2622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Column-switching liquid chromatography followed by lowresolution ICPMS was evaluated as a tool for speciation analysis of metal-containing biomolecules. The strategy was applied on siderophores, strong iron chelators of low molecular weight (M-w < 1500). Prior to the LC-ICPMS analysis, reductive displacement of iron by gallium was performed using ascorbate as the reducing agent to increase the sensitivity. Different experimental conditions during the exchange reaction were tested using ferrichrysin and ferrichrome for evaluation. A reaction time of 30 min and a pH of 3.9 gave an exchange yield of 27 and 83% for ferrichrysin and ferrichrome, respectively. A gradient elution profile was also developed to separate gallium-chelated siderophores on a PGC column. Detection limits for standard solutions of ferrichrysin and ferrichrome in the low-nanomolar range were obtained by monitoring the gallium-69 isotope. The combined use of LC-ICPMS and LC-ESI-MS/MS was also evaluated as a tool to identify unknown metal complexes, here siderophores, in field soil solution samples.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Molnar, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Central macular thickness in 6.5-year-old children born extremely preterm is strongly associated with gestational age even when adjusted for risk factors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Retina. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0275-004X .- 1539-2864. ; 37:12, s. 2281-2288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:To assess the macular thickness in 6.5-year-old children born extremelypreterm (EPT) in comparison with children born at term and to investigate risk factorsassociated with the macular thickness in the preterm group.Methods:A population-based study of 6.5-year-old children born before the gestationalage of 27 weeks and age-matched control subjects. Macular assessments with opticalcoherence tomography were performed, and the results were compared with neonatal riskfactors and sex.Results:Adequate optical coherence tomography measurements were obtained from134 children born EPT (mean gestational age of 25 weeks [range 23–26]) and 145 controlsubjects. The mean (range) of central macula thickness was significantly increased (P,0.001)in the EPT group (right eyes: 282mm [238–356], left eyes: 283mm[229–351]), compared withthe control group (right eyes: 249mm [208–293], left eyes: 248mm[207–290]). A multiple linearmixed model analysis of the EPT group revealed gestational age, retinopathy of prematurity,and male gender as important risk factors for an increased macular thickness. The macularthickness decreased by 3.9mm per gestational week, when adjusted for retinopathy of pre-maturity and sex.Conclusion:Extremely preterm birth constitutes a substantial risk factor for a thickcentral macula, even when adjusted for retinopathy of prematurity and male gender.
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| 34. |
- Osooli, M, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative burden of arthropathy in mild haemophilia : a register-based study in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 23:2, s. E79-E86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Mild haemophilia is a congenital bleeding disorder affecting males. The burden of arthropathy in mild haemophilia has not been comprehensively described.AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, age at diagnosis and surgery for arthropathy and related hospitalizations between people with mild haemophilia and the general population in Sweden.METHODS: This was a register-based cohort study. Eligible participants were those with mild haemophilia born between 1941 and 2008 and a randomly selected, birthdate and sex-matched comparison group from the general population. Follow-up was from birth (or earliest 1984) until death, emigration or end of the study in 2008. Data on arthropathy were obtained from a national patient register. Negative binomial and competing risk regression and Kaplan-Meier estimate curves were used in the analysis.RESULTS: Overall, 315 people with haemophilia and 1529 people in the comparison group were included. Participants with haemophilia born between 1984 and 2008 had a ninefold (95% CI: 3.3-27.2) and 16-fold (95% CI: 6.7-36.5) increased incidence of arthropathy-related hospital admission and arthropathy diagnosis respectively. None in this cohort underwent surgery. Among participants with haemophilia born prior to 1984, the rates of arthropathy diagnosis and surgery of the index joints (knee, elbow, ankle) were increased twofold (95% CI: 1.0-3.2) and fivefold (95% CI: 1.7-17.8) respectively.CONCLUSION: Our data suggested a higher burden of arthropathy among individuals with mild haemophilia compared to the general population. Further research should investigate the need for targeted joint screening programmes among individuals with mild haemophilia.
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| 35. |
- Osooli, M, et al.
(författare)
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The association between health utility and joint status among people with severe haemophilia A : findings from the KAPPA register
- 2017
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 23:3, s. E180-E187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: People with severe haemophilia A have reportedly impaired health related quality of life (utility) mainly due to recurrent bleeding, arthropathy and treatment burden.AIM: To estimate utilities and evaluate their potential correlates - most importantly the joint status - among people with severe haemophilia A.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, eligible participants had severe haemophilia A, were aged ≥15, negative for factor VIII inhibitor and included in the KAPPA register of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Data on demographics, treatment history, haemophilia joint health score, and EQ-5D utility were obtained from the register. We used box plots to present utilities and joint status and ordinary least squares regression to evaluate correlates of utilities. Participants were consecutively enrolled in the KAPPA register between April 2013 and June 2016.RESULTS: Overall, 173 participants with median age of 34 (interquartile range: 25-45) were included. Twelve (6.9%) participants were on episodic treatment while 161 (93.1%) were treated using prophylaxis. Concomitant diseases and positive inhibitor history were reported for 73 (43.2%) and 21 (12.1%) participants, respectively. The highest median utility (1.0) was observed among those aged <29 on prophylaxis and those aged 30-44 who had started prophylaxis by age 3. In the multi-variable regression, joint scores of 16-25 (Coef. -0.18, 95% CI: -0.30, -0.06), 26-35 (Coef. -0.21, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.06) and >35 (Coef. -0.37, 95% CI: -0.52, -0.23) were associated with lower utilities.CONCLUSION: Moderate to severe joint manifestations are associated with reduced utilities among persons with severe haemophilia A.
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| 36. |
- Perers, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Solceller 1996
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Revill, James, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons learned from implementing education on dual-use in Austria, Italy, Pakistan and Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Medicine, Conflict and Survival. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-3699 .- 1743-9396. ; 28:1, s. 31-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides insights into the achievements and challenges of implementing education on dual-use in four countries: Austria, Italy, Pakistan and Sweden. It draws attention to the different institutional mechanisms through which dual-use education may be introduced into academic curricula and some of the difficulties encountered in this process. It concludes that there is no ‘one size fits all’ approach to the implementation of dual-use education. Rather, initiatives must be tailored to suit the teaching traditions, geographical and historical context in which they are being delivered. However, a number of common principles and themes can be derived from all four cases. All these courses bring together a number of different topics that place ‘dual-use’ in the broader context of biosafety, biosecurity, ethics, law and the environment. The case studies suggest that success in this area depends largely on the leadership and commitment of individuals directly involved in teaching, who are active within the scientific community.
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| 39. |
- Schwartz, David A., et al.
(författare)
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Placental Tissue Destruction and Insufficiency From COVID-19 Causes Stillbirth and Neonatal Death From Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury : A Study of 68 Cases With SARS-CoV-2 Placentitis From 12 Countries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. - : Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. - 0003-9985 .- 1543-2165. ; 146:6, s. 660-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Perinatal death is an increasingly important problem as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, but the mechanism of death has been unclear.Objective: To evaluate the role of the placenta in causing stillbirth and neonatal death following maternal infection with COVID-19 and confirmed placental positivity for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Design: Case-based retrospective clinicopathologic analysis by a multinational group of 44 perinatal specialists from 12 countries of placental and autopsy pathology findings from 64 stillborns and 4 neonatal deaths having placentas testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 following delivery to mothers with COVID-19.Results: Of the 3 findings constituting SARS-CoV-2 placentitis, all 68 placentas had increased fibrin deposition and villous trophoblast necrosis and 66 had chronic histiocytic intervillositis. Sixty-three placentas had massive perivillous fibrin deposition. Severe destructive placental disease from SARS-CoV-2 placentitis averaged 77.7% tissue involvement. Other findings included multiple intervillous thrombi (37%; 25 of 68) and chronic villitis (32%; 22 of 68). The majority (19; 63%) of the 30 autopsies revealed no significant fetal abnormalities except for intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia. Among all 68 cases, SARS-CoV-2 was detected from a body specimen in 16 of 28 cases tested, most frequently from nasopharyngeal swabs. Four autopsied stillborns had SARS-CoV-2 identified in internal organs.Conclusions: The pathology abnormalities composing SARS-CoV-2 placentitis cause widespread and severe placental destruction resulting in placental malperfusion and insufficiency. In these cases, intrauterine and perinatal death likely results directly from placental insufficiency and fetal hypoxic-ischemic injury. There was no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 involvement of the fetus had a role in causing these deaths.
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| 40. |
- Shi, Z., et al.
(författare)
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An Eastward Current Encircling Mercury
- 2022
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 49:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mercury has a terrestrial-like magnetosphere which is usually taken as a scaled-down-version of Earth's magnetosphere with a similar current system. We examine Mercury's magnetospheric current system based on a survey of Mercury's magnetic field measured by the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft as well as computer simulations. We show that there is no significant Earth-like ring current flowing westward around Mercury, instead, we find, for the first time, an eastward current (EC) encircling the planet near the night-side magnetic equator with an altitude of ∼500–1,000 km. The EC is closed with the dayside magnetopause current and could be driven by the gradient of plasma pressure as a diamagnetic current. Thus, Mercury's magnetosphere is not a scaled-down Earth magnetosphere, but a unique natural space plasma laboratory. Our findings offer fresh insights to analyze data from the BepiColombo mission, which is expected to orbit Mercury in 2025.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Zetterberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Angiogenesis is increased in advanced haemophilic joint disease and characterized by normal pericyte coverage.
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 1600-0609 .- 0902-4441. ; 92:3, s. 256-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Repeated intra-articular bleedings in patients with haemophilia results in a crippling arthropathy for which no specific treatment is currently available. Recent studies have shown that neoangiogenesis is involved in the pathologic process. The aim of this study was to determine if angiogenesis is dysregulated in haemophilic joint disease (HJD).
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Ahmed, Engy, et al.
(författare)
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Microbe-mineral interactions : The impact of surface attachment on mineral weathering and element selectivity by microorganisms
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chemical Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2541 .- 1872-6836. ; 403, s. 13-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major gaps within the field of biogeochemistry is the lack of a detailed and deep understanding of the mechanismbehind the microbial inducement of mineral dissolution. The association of microorganisms with the mineral surfaces is an important issue for understanding processes like mineral weathering, biomineralization, bioremediation and biofouling. The present study aims to investigate the performance of attached and unattached soil fungal and bacterial species in biotite weathering and in the selectivity of elements from biotite. Sterilized microplate devices were filled with biotite (>2 mm) followed by an iron limited liquid growth medium and were inoculated separately with six different microbial species isolated from podzol soil: Erwinia amylovora, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas mendocina, Streptomyces pilosus, Neurospora crassa and Penicillium melinii. The experiment was designed in two set-ups: 1) attached form, in which the microorganisms were inoculated directly to the biotite surface, and 2) unattached form, in which 0.4 mu m PET track etched devices were used to separate the microbial cells from the biotite surface. Our findings indicate that the surface attached microorganisms led to a greater dissolution of elements from biotite than the unattached microorganisms that was evidenced by 1) higher dissolution of Fe, Al and Si, 2) greater decrease in pH of the liquid growth medium, and 3) relatively higher production of siderophores. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the capability of element selectivity between the attached and unattached microbial forms. The biotite dissolution was promoted initially by complexation processes and later by acidification processes for most of the attached and unattached microorganisms. Thus, we conclude that despite the mineral dissolution induced by microbial attachment on the mineral surface, the element composition of the biotite and nutritional need of the microorganisms were the main factors affecting the element selectivity.
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| 46. |
- Ahmed, Engy, et al.
(författare)
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Mineral Type Structures Soil Microbial Communities
- 2017
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Ingår i: Geomicrobiology Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0149-0451 .- 1521-0529. ; 34:6, s. 538-545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soil microorganisms living in close contact with minerals play key roles in the biogeochemical cycling of elements, soil formation, and plant nutrition. Yet, the composition of microbial communities inhabiting the mineralosphere (i.e., the soil surrounding minerals) is poorly understood. Here, we explored the composition of soil microbial communities associated with different types of minerals in various soil horizons. To this effect, a field experiment was set up in which mineral specimens of apatite, biotite, and oligoclase were buried in the organic, eluvial, and upper illuvial horizons of a podzol soil. After an incubation period of two years, the soil attached to the mineral surfaces was collected, and microbial communities were analyzed by means of Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S (prokaryotic) and 18S (eukaryotic) ribosomal RNA genes. We found that both composition and diversity of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities varied across the different mineral surfaces, and that mineral type had a greater influence on structuring microbial assemblages than soil horizon. Thus, our findings emphasize the importance of mineral surfaces as ecological niches in soils.
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| 47. |
- Ahmed, Engy, et al.
(författare)
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Siderophore Production by Microorganisms Isolated From a Podzol Soil Profile
- 2015
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Ingår i: Geomicrobiology Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0149-0451 .- 1521-0529. ; 32:5, s. 397-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Siderophore-producing bacteria/actinobacteria and fungi were isolated from O- (organic), E- (eluvial), B- (upper illuvial), and C- (parent material) horizons of podzol soil. Siderophores were isolated and hydroxamate type siderophores were detected and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The molecular identification of siderophore-producing isolates showed that there was a high diversity of fungal and bacterial/actinobacterial species throughout the soil profile. The isolated bacteria/actinobacteria showed different abilities in the production of ferrioxamines (E, B, G and D). Moreover, the isolated fungal species showed great variety in the production of ferrichromes, coprogens and fusarinines.
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| 48. |
- Ahmed, Engy, et al.
(författare)
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Siderophores in environmental research : roles and applications
- 2014
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Ingår i: Microbial Biotechnology. - : Wiley. - 1751-7907 .- 1751-7915. ; 7:3, s. 196-208
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms and plants growing under low iron conditions. The primary function of these compounds is to chelate the ferric iron [Fe(III)] from different terrestrial and aquatic habitats and thereby make it available for microbial and plant cells. Siderophores have received much attention in recent years because of their potential roles and applications in various areas of environmental research. Their significance in these applications is because siderophores have the ability to bind a variety of metals in addition to iron, and they have a wide range of chemical structures and specific properties. For instance, siderophores function as biocontrols, biosensors, and bioremediation and chelation agents, in addition to their important role in weathering soil minerals and enhancing plant growth. The aim of this literature review is to outline and discuss the important roles and functions of siderophores in different environmental habitats and emphasize the significant roles that these small organic molecules could play in applied environmental processes.
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| 49. |
- Ahmed, Engy, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of soil horizon and mineral type on the distribution of siderophores in soil
- 2014
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Ingår i: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7037 .- 1872-9533. ; 131, s. 184-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron is a key component of the chemical architecture of the biosphere. Due to the low bioavailability of iron in the environment, microorganisms have developed specific uptake strategies like production of siderophores. Siderophores are operationally defined as low-molecular-mass biogenic Fe(III)-binding compounds, that can increase the bioavailability of iron by promoting the dissolution of iron-bearing minerals. In the present study, we investigated the composition of dissolved and adsorbed siderophores of the hydroxamate family in the soil horizons of podzol and the effect of specific mineral types on siderophores. Three polished mineral specimens of 3 cm x 4 cm x 3 mm (apatite, biotite and oligioclase) were inserted in the soil horizons (O (organic), E (eluvial) and B (upper illuvial)). After two years, soil samples were collected from both the bulk soil of the whole profile and from the soil attached to the mineral surfaces. The concentration of ten different fungal tri-hydroxamates within ferrichromes, fusigen and coprogens families, and five bacterial hydroxamates within the ferrioxamine family were detected. All hydroxamate types were determined in both soil water (dissolved) and soil methanol (adsorbed) extracts along the whole soil profile by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS); hence, the study is the most extensive of its kind. We found that coprogens and fusigen were present in much higher concentrations in bulk soil than were ferrioxamines and ferrichromes. On the other hand, the presence of the polished mineral completely altered the distribution of siderophores. In addition, each mineral had a unique interaction with the dissolved and adsorbed hydroxamates in the different soil horizons. Thus siderophore composition in the soil environment is controlled by the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of each soil horizon and also by the available mineral types.
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| 50. |
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