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- Poyatos, R., et al.
(författare)
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Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements: the SAPFLUXNET database
- 2021
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Ingår i: Earth System Science Data. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1866-3508 .- 1866-3516. ; 13:6, s. 2607-2649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant transpiration links physiological responses of vegetation to water supply and demand with hydrological, energy, and carbon budgets at the land-atmosphere interface. However, despite being the main land evaporative flux at the global scale, transpiration and its response to environmental drivers are currently not well constrained by observations. Here we introduce the first global compilation of whole-plant transpiration data from sap flow measurements (SAPFLUXNET, https://sapfluxnet.creaf.cat/, last access: 8 June 2021). We harmonized and quality-controlled individual datasets supplied by contributors worldwide in a semi-automatic data workflow implemented in the R programming language. Datasets include sub-daily time series of sap flow and hydrometeorological drivers for one or more growing seasons, as well as metadata on the stand characteristics, plant attributes, and technical details of the measurements. SAPFLUXNET contains 202 globally distributed datasets with sap flow time series for 2714 plants, mostly trees, of 174 species. SAPFLUXNET has a broad bioclimatic coverage, with woodland/shrubland and temperate forest biomes especially well represented (80 % of the datasets). The measurements cover a wide variety of stand structural characteristics and plant sizes. The datasets encompass the period between 1995 and 2018, with 50 % of the datasets being at least 3 years long. Accompanying radiation and vapour pressure deficit data are available for most of the datasets, while on-site soil water content is available for 56 % of the datasets. Many datasets contain data for species that make up 90 % or more of the total stand basal area, allowing the estimation of stand transpiration in diverse ecological settings. SAPFLUXNET adds to existing plant trait datasets, ecosystem flux networks, and remote sensing products to help increase our understanding of plant water use, plant responses to drought, and ecohydrological processes. SAPFLUXNET version 0.1.5 is freely available from the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3971689; Poyatos et al., 2020a). The "sapfluxnetr" R package - designed to access, visualize, and process SAPFLUXNET data - is available from CRAN.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Semb, G, et al.
(författare)
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Erratum
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery. - 2000-6764. ; 51:2, s. 158-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gennemark, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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An oral antisense oligonucleotide for PCSK9 inhibition
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science Translational Medicine. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 13:593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and are used for treatment of dyslipidemia. Current PCSK9 inhibitors are administered via subcutaneous injection. We present a highly potent, chemically modified PCSK9 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) with potential for oral delivery. Past attempts at oral delivery using earlier-generation ASO chemistries and transient permeation enhancers provided encouraging data, suggesting that improving potency of the ASO could make oral delivery a reality. The constrained ethyl chemistry and liver targeting enabled by N-acetylgalactosamine conjugation make this ASO highly potent. A single subcutaneous dose of 90 mg reduced PCSK9 by >90% in humans with elevated LDL cholesterol and a monthly subcutaneous dose of around 25 mg is predicted to reduce PCSK9 by 80% at steady state. To investigate the feasibility of oral administration, the ASO was coformulated in a tablet with sodium caprate as permeation enhancer. Repeated oral daily dosing in dogs resulted in a bioavailability of 7% in the liver (target organ), about fivefold greater than the plasma bioavailability. Target engagement after oral administration was confirmed by intrajejunal administration of a rat-specific surrogate ASO in solution with the enhancer to rats and by plasma PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol lowering in cynomolgus monkey after tablet administration. On the basis of an assumption of 5% liver bioavailability after oral administration in humans, a daily dose of 15 mg is predicted to reduce circulating PCSK9 by 80% at steady state, supporting the development of the compound for oral administration to treat dyslipidemia.
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| 6. |
- Holtta-Vuori, M., et al.
(författare)
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Zebrafish: gaining popularity in lipid research
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 429:2, s. 235-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zebrafish are an increasingly popular vertebrate model organism in which to study biological phenomena. It has been widely used, especially ill developmental biology and neurobiology, and many aspects of its development and physiology are similar to those of mammals. The popularity of zebrafish relies on its relatively low cost, rapid development and ease of genetic manipulation. Moreover, the optical transparency of the developing fish together with novel imaging techniques enable the direct visualization of complex phenomena at the level of the entire organism. This potential is now also being increasingly appreciated by the lipid research community. In the present review we summarize basic information on the lipid composition and distribution in zebrafish tissues, including lipoprotein metabolism, intestinal lipid absorption, the yolk lipids and their mobilization, as well as lipids in the nervous system. We also discuss studies in which zebrafish have been employed for the visualization of whole-body lipid distribution and trafficking. Finally, recent advances in using zebrafish as a model for lipid-related diseases, including atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes and hepatic steatosis are highlighted. As the insights into zebrafish lipid metabolism increase, it is likely that zebrafish as a model organism will become an increasingly powerful tool in lipid research.
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| 7. |
- Vaisanen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Palaeoproterozoic adakite- and TTG-like magmatism in the Svecofennian orogen, SW Finland
- 2012
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Ingår i: Geologica Acta. - 1695-6133 .- 1696-5728. ; 10:4, s. 351-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Palaeoproterozoic Svecofennian orogen in the Fennoscandian shield is an arc accretionary orogen that was formed at c. 1.92-1.86Ga. Arc accretion, magmatism and the subsequent continent-continent collision thickened the crust up to c. 70km, forming one of the thickest Palaeoproterozic orogens. At the end stage of accretionary tectonics, voluminous synorogenic magmatism occurred in southwestern Finland leading to the intrusion of intermediate to felsic plutonic rocks. Ion microprobe single zircon dating of one diorite sample yielded an age of 1872 +/- 3Ma (epsilon(Nd)=+2.2) and the trondhjemite sample an age of 1867 +/- 4Ma (epsilon(Nd)=+2.6). Inherited 2667-1965Ma cores and 1842 +/- 5Ma metamorphic rims were also found in zircons from the trondhjemite. The dioritic magmatism is mantle-derived and is slightly enriched by subduction-related processes. The felsic magmatism shows elevated Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, which are typical for adakite- and TTG-like magmas. Their low Mg#, Ni and Cr contents argue against slab-melting and mantle-wedge contamination. We infer that the felsic magmatism was generated through crustal melting of the lower part of the previously generated volcanic-arc type crust. Based on published melting experiments and the Sr and Y contents of the felsic rocks we suggest that the melts were generated at a minimum pressure of 10kbar, with evidence of a 15kbar pressure for the highest Sr/Y trondhjemites. It is proposed that arc accretion combined with magmatic intrusions thickened the crust so that melting of the lower crust yielded adakite- and TTG-like compositions. The mafic magmatism is considered to be the heat source.
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