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| 3. |
- Walker, Anthony P, et al.
(författare)
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Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 874:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ("European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications") is preparing a conceptual design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020.
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| 4. |
- Blanton, Michael R., et al.
(författare)
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Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV : Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
- 2017
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 154:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and. high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median z similar to 0.03). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between z similar to 0.6 and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs. and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the. Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July.
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| 5. |
- Fernandez, J. L. Abelleira, et al.
(författare)
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A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 39:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Sen, P, et al.
(författare)
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Vaccine hesitancy decreases in rheumatic diseases, long-term concerns remain in myositis: a comparative analysis of the COVAD surveys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0332 .- 1462-0324. ; 62:10, s. 3291-3301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveCOVID-19 vaccines have a favorable safety profile in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) such as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs); however, hesitancy continues to persist among these patients. Therefore, we studied the prevalence, predictors and reasons for hesitancy in patients with IIMs, other AIRDs, non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nrAIDs) and healthy controls (HCs), using data from the two international COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) e-surveys.MethodsThe first and second COVAD patient self-reported e-surveys were circulated from March to December 2021, and February to June 2022 (ongoing). We collected data on demographics, comorbidities, COVID-19 infection and vaccination history, reasons for hesitancy, and patient reported outcomes. Predictors of hesitancy were analysed using regression models in different groups.ResultsWe analysed data from 18 882 (COVAD-1) and 7666 (COVAD-2) respondents. Reassuringly, hesitancy decreased from 2021 (16.5%) to 2022 (5.1%) (OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.30, P < 0.001). However, concerns/fear over long-term safety had increased (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: 2.9, 4.6, P < 0.01). We noted with concern greater skepticism over vaccine science among patients with IIMs than AIRDs (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.2, P = 0.023) and HCs (OR: 4; 95% CI: 1.9, 8.1, P < 0.001), as well as more long-term safety concerns/fear (IIMs vs AIRDs – OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9, P = 0.001; IIMs vs HCs – OR: 5.4 95% CI: 3, 9.6, P < 0.001). Caucasians [OR 4.2 (1.7–10.3)] were likely to be more hesitant, while those with better PROMIS physical health score were less hesitant [OR 0.9 (0.8–0.97)].ConclusionVaccine hesitancy has decreased from 2021 to 2022, long-term safety concerns remain among patients with IIMs, particularly in Caucasians and those with poor physical function.
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| 8. |
- Bearden, IG, et al.
(författare)
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Deuteron and triton production with high energy sulphur and lead beams
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 23:2, s. 237-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton and deuteron production has been observed in S+S and S+Pb collisions at 200 A-GeV and in Pb+Pb reactions at 158 A-GeV at the CERN SPS accelerator. For Pb+Pb triton production was also measured. The p and d spectra as well as the p and t spectra were observed in similar rapidity ranges and over similar ranges of transverse momenta per nucleon, making it possible to interpret the cross sections of the composite particles in terms of coalescence mechanisms. Volumes of homogeneity were extracted and compared to pion-pair HBT interferometry results. Special attention is given to the dependence on transverse mass, centrality and rapidity.
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| 10. |
- Bearden, IG, et al.
(författare)
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Particle production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV/c
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 66:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NA44 experiment has measured single-particle inclusive spectra for charged pions, kaons, and protons as a function of transverse mass near midrapidity in 158A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions. From the particle mass dependence of the observed m(T) distributions, we are able to deduce a value of about 120 MeV for the temperature at thermal freeze-out. From the observed ratios of the rapidity densities, we find values of the chemical potentials for light and strange quarks and a chemical freeze-out temperature of approximately 140 MeV.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, E, et al.
(författare)
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Coronary angiography using laser plasma sources: X-ray source efficiency and optimization of a bent crystal monochromator
- 2001
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 90:6, s. 3048-3056
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A monochromator has been developed for coronary angiography, comprising a single bent crystal of silicon in Laue transmission geometry. K spectra of laser irradiated solid tin and tantalum (Z=50 and 73, respectively) targets were measured. The high resolution crystal spectrometer resolve the Sn and Ta K alpha doublets, allowing in a proof-of-principle experiment the absolute K alpha photon numbers emitted by the source to be determined. The Ta K alpha yield is measured as a function of the laser pulse energy, allowing an assessment to be made of the suitability of such sources for medical applications. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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| 15. |
- Lindström, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Results of UFO dynamics studies with beam in the LHC
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 1067:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micrometer sized particles entering the LHC beam (the so called Unidentified Falling Objects or UFOs) are a known cause of localized beam losses since the beginning of high intensity beam operation, however the origin of these particles is not fully known. Their effect limits LHC availability by causing premature dumps due to excessive beam losses and occasionally even magnet quenches. This could become an important limitation for future accelerators such as the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) and the Future Circular Collider (FCC). The dynamics of these UFOs was investigated in two dedicated experiments. In the first experiment, it was shown that the transverse movements of these particles can be studied by observing bunch-by-bunch losses from bunches with different horizontal and vertical emittances. In the second experiment, UFO-like events around the 16L2 interconnect in the LHC, which has seen intense UFO activity in 2017, were studied with the above method. This paper summarizes the results of both experiments.
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| 16. |
- Prestat, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructural aspects of Ti6Al4V degradation in H2O2-containing phosphate buffered saline
- 2021
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Ingår i: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ti6Al4V surfaces were exposed to simulated inflammation conditions in H2O2-containing phosphate buffered saline with and without FeCl3. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed significantly different degradation modes for the α and β phases. While the α grains are covered by a ca. 400 nm thick protective nanostructured oxide layer, the attack of the β phase generates a porous microstructure with microscaled cracks and a low polarization resistance. The β phase is postulated to be sensitive to H2O2 reduction products and less able to generate a passive oxide film. The presence of FeCl3 enhances the cathodic activity and the β phase degradation.
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| 17. |
- Prestat, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructure and spatial distribution of corrosion products anodically grown on zinc in chloride solutions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Electrochemistry communications. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 81, s. 56-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zinc substrates were electrochemically oxidized in NaCl solution to produce corrosion patinas. XRD, XPS and Raman analyses enabled the identification of simonkolleite and zinc oxide as the patina constituents. FIB-SEM imaging shows that the upper part of the patinas is a network of simonkolleite nanosheets with an open microstructure that is unlikely to act as a significant barrier for corrosion processes. STEM investigations and Raman mapping measurements reveal the presence of a ca. 20–400 nm thin nanoporous ZnO-rich film below the simonkolleite and covering the zinc substrate. Under potentiostatic conditions, the reduced cathodic activity of the patina-covered zinc electrodes is assigned to this nanoporous ZnO layer.
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| 18. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Generation, characterization, and medical utilization of laser-produced emission continua
- 2000
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Ingår i: Laser and Particle Beams. - 0263-0346. ; 18:3, s. 563-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intense continua of electromagnetic radiation of very brief duration are formed in the interaction of focused ultra-short terawatt laser pulses with matter. Two different kinds of experiments, which have been performed utilizing the Lund 10 Hz titanium-doped sapphire terawatt laser system are being described, where visible radiation and X-rays, respectively, have been generated. Focusing into water leads to the generation of a light continuum through self-phase modulation. The propagation of the light through tissue was studied addressing questions related to optical mammography and specific chromophore absorption. When terawatt laser pulses are focused onto a solid target with high nuclear charge Z, intense X-ray radiation of few ps duration and with energies exceeding hundreds of keV is emitted. Biomedical applications of this radiation are described, including differential absorption and gated-viewing imaging.
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| 19. |
- Topjian, Alexis A., et al.
(författare)
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Brain Resuscitation in the Drowning Victim
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neurocritical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1541-6933 .- 1556-0961. ; 17:3, s. 441-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drowning is a leading cause of accidental death. Survivors may sustain severe neurologic morbidity. There is negligible research specific to brain injury in drowning making current clinical management non-specific to this disorder. This review represents an evidence-based consensus effort to provide recommendations for management and investigation of the drowning victim. Epidemiology, brain-oriented prehospital and intensive care, therapeutic hypothermia, neuroimaging/monitoring, biomarkers, and neuroresuscitative pharmacology are addressed. When cardiac arrest is present, chest compressions with rescue breathing are recommended due to the asphyxial insult. In the comatose patient with restoration of spontaneous circulation, hypoxemia and hyperoxemia should be avoided, hyperthermia treated, and induced hypothermia (32-34 A degrees C) considered. Arterial hypotension/hypertension should be recognized and treated. Prevent hypoglycemia and treat hyperglycemia. Treat clinical seizures and consider treating non-convulsive status epilepticus. Serial neurologic examinations should be provided. Brain imaging and serial biomarker measurement may aid prognostication. Continuous electroencephalography and N20 somatosensory evoked potential monitoring may be considered. Serial biomarker measurement (e.g., neuron specific enolase) may aid prognostication. There is insufficient evidence to recommend use of any specific brain-oriented neuroresuscitative pharmacologic therapy other than that required to restore and maintain normal physiology. Following initial stabilization, victims should be transferred to centers with expertise in age-specific post-resuscitation neurocritical care. Care should be documented, reviewed, and quality improvement assessment performed. Preclinical research should focus on models of asphyxial cardiac arrest. Clinical research should focus on improved cardiopulmonary resuscitation, re-oxygenation/reperfusion strategies, therapeutic hypothermia, neuroprotection, neurorehabilitation, and consideration of drowning in advances made in treatment of other central nervous system disorders.
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| 20. |
- Vucko, Flavien, et al.
(författare)
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Anodic degradation of Zn-Ni coatings in moderately alkaline NaCl solution
- 2021
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon steel samples covered with initially crack-free zinc-nickel coatings were polarized with a small anodic overpotential in moderately alkaline NaCl solution. Along with zinc dissolution, the coatings developed a mud-crack pattern due to tensile stress release, allowing the electrolyte to access the underlying steel surface. Simonkolleite grew on both the zinc-nickel coating and the steel substrate. The resulting current density, that was first strongly anodic, switched to small cathodic values when the coating surface was almost fully covered by a compact simonkolleite layer.
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