| 1. |
- Mueller, Stefanie H., et al.
(författare)
-
Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Genome Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1756-994X. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes.Methods: We evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes' coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry.Results: In European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q < 0.05) with BC. Of those, two genes, FMNL3 (P = 6.11 x 10(-6)) and AC058822.1 (P = 1.47 x 10(-4)), represent new associations. High FMNL3 expression has previously been linked to poor prognosis in several other cancers. Meta-analysis of samples with diverse ancestry discovered further associations including established candidate genes ESR1 and CBLB. Furthermore, literature review and database query found further support for a biologically plausible link with cancer for genes CBLB, FMNL3, FGFR2, LSP1, MAP3K1, and SRGAP2C.Conclusions: Using extended gene-based aggregation tests including coding and regulatory variation, we report identification of plausible target genes for previously identified single-marker associations with BC as well as the discovery of novel genes implicated in BC development. Including multi ancestral cohorts in this study enabled the identification of otherwise missed disease associations as ESR1 (P = 1.31 x 10(-5)), demonstrating the importance of diversifying study cohorts.
|
|
| 2. |
- Deja, Jordan Aiko, et al.
(författare)
-
Intelligent Music Interfaces : When Interactive Assistance and Augmentation Meet Musical Instruments
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 4th Augmented Humans International Conference, AHs 2023. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 379-383
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interactive augmentation of musical instruments to foster self-expressiveness and learning has a rich history. Over the past decades, the incorporation of interactive technologies into musical instruments emerged into a new research field requiring strong collaboration between different disciplines. The workshop "Intelligent Music Interfaces"covers a wide range of musical research subjects and directions, including (a) current challenges in musical learning, (b) prototyping for improvements, (c) new means of musical expression, and (d) evaluation of the solutions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical activity, sedentary time and breast cancer risk : a Mendelian randomisation study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 56:20, s. 1157-1170
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with higher breast cancer risk in observational studies, but ascribing causality is difficult. Mendelian randomisation (MR) assesses causality by simulating randomised trial groups using genotype. We assessed whether lifelong physical activity or sedentary time, assessed using genotype, may be causally associated with breast cancer risk overall, pre/post-menopause, and by case-groups defined by tumour characteristics.METHODS: We performed two-sample inverse-variance-weighted MR using individual-level Breast Cancer Association Consortium case-control data from 130 957 European-ancestry women (69 838 invasive cases), and published UK Biobank data (n=91 105-377 234). Genetic instruments were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated in UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer-measured overall physical activity (nsnps=5) or sedentary time (nsnps=6), or accelerometer-measured (nsnps=1) or self-reported (nsnps=5) vigorous physical activity.RESULTS: Greater genetically-predicted overall activity was associated with lower breast cancer overall risk (OR=0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 0.83 per-standard deviation (SD;~8 milligravities acceleration)) and for most case-groups. Genetically-predicted vigorous activity was associated with lower risk of pre/perimenopausal breast cancer (OR=0.62; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87,≥3 vs. 0 self-reported days/week), with consistent estimates for most case-groups. Greater genetically-predicted sedentary time was associated with higher hormone-receptor-negative tumour risk (OR=1.77; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.92 per-SD (~7% time spent sedentary)), with elevated estimates for most case-groups. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses examining pleiotropy (including weighted-median-MR, MR-Egger).CONCLUSION: Our study provides strong evidence that greater overall physical activity, greater vigorous activity, and lower sedentary time are likely to reduce breast cancer risk. More widespread adoption of active lifestyles may reduce the burden from the most common cancer in women.
|
|
| 4. |
- Haliburton, Luke, et al.
(författare)
-
VR-Hiking: Physical Exertion Benefits Mindfulness and Positive Emotions in Virtual Reality
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. - 2573-0142. ; 7:MHCI
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploring the great outdoors offers physical and mental health benefits. Hiking is healthy, provides a sense of accomplishment, and offers an opportunity to relax. However, a nature trip is not always possible, and there is a lack of evidence showing how these beneficial experiences can be replicated in Virtual Reality (VR). In response, we recruited (N=24) participants to explore a virtual mountain landscape in a within-subjects study with different levels of exertion: walking, using a chairlift, and teleporting. We found that physical exertion when walking produced significantly more positive emotions and mindfulness than other conditions. Our research shows that physically demanding outdoor activities in VR can be beneficial for the user and that the achievement of hiking up a virtual mountain on a treadmill positively impacts wellbeing. We demonstrate how physical exertion can be used to add mindfulness and positive affect to VR experiences and discuss consequences for VR designers.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hey, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
-
The Intra-Cochlear Impedance-Matrix (IIM) test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear implant
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Biomedizinische Technik / Biomedical Engineering. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1862-278X. ; 60:2, s. 123-133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the principles and operation of a new telemetry-based function test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear implant, known as the CS19 Intra-Cochlear Impedance Matrix (IIM) and to present results from a multicentre clinical study to establish reproducibility (test-retest reliability) and normative ranges. Method: The IIM test measures bipolar impedances between all electrode pairs and employs a normalization procedure based on common ground impedances in order to identify abnormal current paths among electrodes. Six European clinics collected IIM data from a total of 192 devices. Results: Reproducibility was high between initial and repeat measurements. The normative analysis demonstrated narrow ranges among devices after normalization of impedance data. The IIM is able to identify abnormal current paths that are not evident from standard impedance telemetry and may otherwise only be found utilising average electrode voltage measurements (AEV). Conclusions: The IIM test was found to be straightforward to perform clinically and demonstrated reproducible data with narrow ranges in normally-functioning devices. Because this test uses a very low stimulation level the IIM test is well suited for children or multiply handicapped CI users who cannot reliably report on their auditory percepts. The new algorithms show potential to improve implant integrity testing capabilities if implemented in future clinical software.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hoppe, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
-
There Is No First- or Third-Person View in Virtual Reality: Understanding the Perspective Continuum
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. - New York, NY, USA : ACM.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern games make creative use of First- and Third-person perspectives (FPP and TPP) to allow the player to explore virtual worlds. Traditionally, FPP and TPP perspectives are seen as distinct concepts. Yet, Virtual Reality (VR) allows for flexibility in choosing perspectives. We introduce the notion of a perspective continuum in VR, which is technically related to the camera position and conceptually to how users perceive their environment in VR. A perspective continuum enables adapting and manipulating the sense of agency and involvement in the virtual world. This flexibility of perspectives broadens the design space of VR experiences through deliberately manipulating perception. In a study, we explore users' attitudes, experiences and perceptions while controlling a virtual character from the two known perspectives. Statistical analysis of the empirical results shows the existence of a perspective continuum in VR. Our findings can be used to design experiences based on shifts of perception.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hoppe, Matthias W., et al.
(författare)
-
COMPARISON BETWEEN THREE DIFFERENT ENDURANCE TESTS IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. - 1064-8011 .- 1533-4287. ; 27:1, s. 31-37
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hoppe, MW, Baumgart, C, Sperlich, B, Ibrahim, H, Jansen, C, Willis, SJ, and Freiwald, J. Comparison between three different endurance tests in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 27(1): 31-37, 2013-The aims of this study were (a) to assess and correlate interval shuttle run test (ISRT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake ((V) over dotO(2)max), running economy (RE), running velocity at the first rise in blood lactate concentrations above baseline (vLT) and running velocity at 4 mmol.L-1 blood lactate concentration (v4) in professional soccer players and (b) to investigate whether a correlation exists between the respective results of time to exhaustion (T-lim) from continuous and intermittent endurance tests, respectively. Eleven male professional field soccer players (mean +/- SD: age 23.8 +/- 3.0 years, (V) over dotO(2)max 58.2 +/- 4.9 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)) completed a continuous Incremental Test with lactate measurements to determine vLT and v4, a continuous Ramp Test with gas exchange analysis to determine (V) over dotO(2)max and RE, and an intermittent ISRT to determine intermittent endurance capacity during the first week of preseason preparation. There were significant correlations between ISRT performance and (V) over dotO(2)max (r = 0.70, p < 0.05), and between T-lim in both continuous endurance tests (r = 0.89, p < 0.01). Between all other variables no significant correlations were found overall (best r = 0.60, p > 0.05). The assessment of all values of (V) over dotO(2)max, RE, vLT, and v4 should be included when investigating aerobic endurance performance among groups or over time in professional soccer players. Although (V) over dotO(2)max, RE, vLT, and v4 have been regarded as important factors of aerobic performance in endurance related sports, the present data revealed that (V) over dotO(2)max was the only factor, which correlated with intermittent endurance capacity in professional soccer players. Hence, (V) over dotO(2)max should be increased through soccer-specific training interventions including universal agility components. The T-lim in continuous and intermittent endurance tests differs and is therefore an independent endurance performance factor in professional soccer players.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hoppe, Matthias W., et al.
(författare)
-
Running Activity Profile of Adolescent Tennis Players During Match Play
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Exercise Science. - : Human Kinetics. - 0899-8493 .- 1543-2920. ; 26:3, s. 281-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were (1) to assess the running activities of adolescent tennis players during match play with respect to velocity, acceleration, and deceleration; (2) to characterize changes in these activities during the course of a match; and (3) to identify potential differences between winners and losers. Twenty well-trained adolescent male athletes (13 +/- 1 y) played one simulated match each (giving a total of 10 matches), during which distances covered at different velocity categories (0 to < 1, 1 to < 2, 2 to < 3, 3 to < 4, and >= 4 m.s(-1)) and number of running activities involving high velocity (>= 3 m.s(-1)), acceleration (>= 2 m.s(-2)), and deceleration (<= -2 m.s(-2)) were monitored using a global positioning system (10 Hz). Heart rate was also assessed. The total match time, total distance covered, peak velocity, and mean heart rate were 81.2 +/- 14.6 min, 3362 +/- 869 m, 4.4 +/- 0.8 m.s(-1), and 159 +/- 12 beats.min(-1), respectively. Running activities involving high acceleration (0.6 +/- 0.2 n.min(-1)) or deceleration (0.6 +/- 0.2 n.min(-1)) were three times as frequent as those involving high velocity (0.2 +/- 0.1 n.min(-1)). No change in the pattern of running activities (P >= .13, d <= 0.39) and no differences between winners and losers (P >= .22, d <= 0.53) were evident during match play. We conclude that training of well-trained adolescent male tennis players need not focus on further development of their running abilities, since this physical component of multifactorial tennis performance does not change during the course of a match and does not differ between the winners and losers.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Kosch, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Intelligent Music Interfaces: When Interactive Assistance and Adaptive Augmentation Meet Musical Instruments
- 2024
-
Ingår i: AHs 2024 - Augmented Humans 2024. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 327-330
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interactive augmentation of musical instruments to foster self-expression and learning has a rich history. Over the past decades, incorporating interactive technologies into musical instruments has emerged as a research field requiring strong collaboration between disciplines. The workshop "Intelligent Music Interfaces"covers a wide range of musical research subjects and directions, including (a) current challenges in musical learning, (b) prototyping for improvements, (c) new means of musical expression, and (d) evaluation of the solutions.
|
|
| 11. |
- Marky, Karola, et al.
(författare)
-
Intelligent Music Interfaces: When Interactive Assistance and Augmentation Meet Musical Instruments
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. - New York, NY, USA : ACM.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interactive augmentation of musical instruments to foster self-expressiveness and learning has a rich history. Over the past decades, the incorporation of interactive technologies into musical instruments emerged into a new research field requiring strong collaboration between different disciplines. The workshop "Intelligent Music Interfaces"consequently covers a wide range of musical research subjects and directions, including (a) current challenges in musical learning, (b) prototyping for improvements, (c) new means of musical expression, and (d) evaluation of the solutions.
|
|
| 12. |
- Menkveld, Albert J., et al.
(författare)
-
Nonstandard Errors
- 2024
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
|
|
| 13. |
- Middha, Pooja K., et al.
(författare)
-
A genome-wide gene-environment interaction study of breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 25:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Genome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (GxE) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide GxE analysis of similar to 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer. Methods Analyses were conducted using 72,285 breast cancer cases and 80,354 controls of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Gene-environment interactions were evaluated using standard unconditional logistic regression models and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and for ER + breast cancer. Bayesian False Discovery Probability was employed to assess the noteworthiness of each SNP-risk factor pairs. Results Assuming a 1 x 10(-5) prior probability of a true association for each SNP-risk factor pairs and a Bayesian False Discovery Probability < 15%, we identified two independent SNP-risk factor pairs: rs80018847(9p13)-LINGO2 and adult height in association with overall breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.96), and rs4770552(13q12)-SPATA13 and age at menarche for ER + breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.91, 95% CI 0.88-0.94). Conclusions Overall, the contribution of GxE interactions to the heritability of breast cancer is very small. At the population level, multiplicative GxE interactions do not make an important contribution to risk prediction in breast cancer.
|
|
