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- Jansson, Malin, 1988-
(författare)
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Spontaneous online tutoring : Students’ support of their own and other students’ process of inquiry in online text-based tutoring
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The use of online technologies has made education more accessible. In online education, there are increased expectations for students to be self-directed and take responsibility for their learning. Research has also shown that students can benefit from learning from each other. The purpose of this thesis is to explore how students support their own and other students’ process of inquiry in online text-based tutoring sessions. To enable the analysis of the conversations, a coding scheme for transcript analysis of online tutoring was introduced based on the Relationship of Inquiry framework, which is an adaptation of the Community of Inquiry framework.This thesis consists of four papers. The first paper focuses on the development of the RoI coding scheme, which is used in two of the following papers. In the second paper, the coding scheme is further revised regarding the aspect of students’ teaching presence and how it connects to students’ support of their own and other students’ inquiry process. In the third paper, students’ support of their own and other students’ process of inquiry in online text-based tutoring sessions is studied further, and their messages are analyzed with the revised coding scheme. The fourth paper adopts an inductive approach and analyzes how students take responsibility for their own and their peers’ problem-solving through thematic analysis. The findings show that in online tutoring sessions, students may spontaneously take on the role of a tutor. Through their expressions of teaching presence by, for example, explaining their issues and their previous steps, or answering other students’ questions and giving suggestions, students support their own as well as other students’ inquiry process. The findings indicate that students acquire metacognitive development, through self- and co-regulation, with their expressions of teaching and cognitive presence. Furthermore, the findings show that the coding scheme with fixed categories may not show the full picture of interactions in an online learning environment. Additional analysis reveals that students’ expressions focus on different levels of learning while supporting the problem-solving process. Lastly, this thesis offers guidance on how to create online tutoring sessions where students take responsibility for their learning and are encouraged to help one another.
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| 2. |
- Rosén, Thomas, 1967-
(författare)
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Open Source Business Model : Balancing Customers and Community
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Free and Open Source Software has not only increased researchers’ interest about community-driven software development, but lately, interest from commercial actors increased as well. In addition, some scientists have claimed that Open Source Software has entered a new phase: OSS 2.0. Even so, a coherent way of analyzing commercial Open Source ventures is still missing.Commercial Open Source firms’ strategies are often described using the term “business models”. However, these models often lack stringent structures and have been used primarily to describe the firms’ offerings and methods to earn revenue.Through the adaptation of an existing, firmly theoretically-based analytical business model framework, this thesis suggests a new analysis model for studying for-profit Open Source companies. In addition, the framework is generically constructed, ensuring its usability for other industries as well. The model consists of three elements: market positions, operational platform and offering.This particular study concerned four software product vendors, all of which base their products on Open Source Software. When analyzing their business, insights were made about how these firms operated. The result show that there are certain key elements and factors that determine if a company has a sustainable business or not. From the analysis framework, three elements were refined. The main Open Source Software project connects the market positions and the operational platform; and from the offering, the product and service and the revenue model were very important.The study identified eight key factors which influenced the elements: brand for the product, the company and the Open Source Software project; community, that is the sum of the non-paying users and developers connected to Open Source Software projects; resources, which are community-based resources such as development and testing; legitimacy, the perceived legitimacy regarding licenses and the revenue models; control, i.e. the control the firm has of the software; ability to charge, or how the company can charge for its services; customers, the paying users; and finally volume, which is the number of paying customers.The findings also indicate that companies interested in working with the open-source community have to be able to balance the demands from both their customers and the community in order to benefit and gain competitive advantage.
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| 3. |
- Svensson, Ann, 1962-
(författare)
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Informationssystem i professionsorienterat arbete
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates the challenges within the work of different types of professions; technical professions and human caretaking professions. These professions are faced special challenges in use and development of information systems. Professions within two different complex and critical work practices are focused; aircraft maintenance and emergency medical care. Within the work of these professions some judgements and decisions can imply risks for life and equipment. The use and development of information systems in general is emphasised, decision support systems and other systems for specific tasks have not been studied. The research question in this thesis is: Which challenges can be related to use and development of information systems within complex and critical work practices, from a profession-oriented perspective? Two ethnographical studies have been performed within two different work practices. The studies have been rather explorative and inductive. One study has been performed within the aircraft maintenance in the Swedish Airforce and the other study has been performed within the emergency medical care within NU Healthcare, Västra Götaland, Sweden. From the thesis it has been derived three main challenges for professions within complex and critical work practices; trust, knowledge integration and professional barriers. The main contribution in the thesis is about certain aspects, which can have an impact on a profession-oriented view on use and development of information systems. These aspects concern bridging professional barriers and managing knowledge integration. Furthermore the thesis reflects that a hard systems thinking on use and development of information systems is prevalent within the human caretaking professions, while a soft systems thinking is obvious within the technical professions.
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