| 1. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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| 2. |
- Yuan, Shichen, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing Charge Injection via a Tailor-Made Electron-Transporting Material for High Performance Blue Perovskite QLEDs
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Energy Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2380-8195. ; 8:1, s. 818-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the great challenges in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (Pe-QLEDs) is the unbalanced charge injection that significantly hinders the device performance and stability. Herein, we tailor-made a high mobility electron-transporting material (ETM), named B2, to balance the carrier injection in blue Pe-QLEDs. B2 with a tailored asymmetric anthracenyl structure exhibits a promising electron mobility of 2.7 x 10(-4) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1), which is almost 20 times higher than the commonly used ETM-TPBi (1.1 x 10(-5) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1)). Subsequently, sky blue (490 nm) Pe-QLED with B2 as the ETM presented a remarkably high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.17% and a low turn-on voltage of 2.2 V, which is much better than that of the TPBi-based device (EQE of 8.31% and Vturn-on of 3.2 V). In addition, B2 also demonstrated a universal application in green and deep blue Pe-QLEDs. This work provides an important guidance to rational design of high electron mobility ETMs for high-performance LEDs.
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| 3. |
- Huang, Yihui
(författare)
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Platelet-activating factor and lysophospatidylcholine in oxidized low density lipoprotein-mediated immune activation
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inflammation is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease, as in addition to known risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and diabetes. Patients with inflammatory diseases including SLE have an enhanced risk of cardiovascular disease. The main cause of cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis, which can be characterized as a chronic inflammation in the artery wall, where proinflammatory cytokines as IFN-[gamma], TNF-[alpha] and IL-6 are produced. Oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL) has been implicated in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to understand how oxLDL might be involved in atherosclerotic inflammation. By using the highly sensitive ELISPOT-technique, we here demonstrate that oxLDL has the capacity to induce production of IFN-[gamma] in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), an effect was inhibited by antibodies to MHC class II. Furthermore, oxLDL induced enhanced antibody formation. Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid with a wide range of proinflammatory properties. PAF is synthesized by several different cell types, including monocytes and endothelial cells, and PAF-like lipids but not PAF itself are present in oxLDL. Like oxLDL, PAF induced production of IFN-[gamma] in PBMC and TNF-a in diluted whole blood. A specific PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2170, could inhibit both PAF- and oxLDL-induced IFN-r and TNF-a production. This finding indicates that oxLDL induces these proinflammatory cytokines by a PAF-receptor dependent mechanism. PAF also production of a Th2 cytokine, IL-4, as determined by ELISPOT. However, oxLDL had a much weaker capacity to induce IL-4 indicating differences between the immune-stimulatory effects of PAF and oxLDL. During LDL-oxidation, a large number of lipid compounds are formed, including Iysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), oxysterols, arachidonic acid (AA) and 1 5-lipoxygenase products of AA. Of the substances tested, only LPC could mimic the effects of oxLDL and PAF on cytokine-production. LPC-induced IFN-[gamma], TNF-[alpha] and immunoglobulin were all inhibited by WEB 2170. This finding indicates that LPC is one PAF-like lipid in oxLDL that has pro-inflammatory properties, and may promote Iymphocyte and monocyte activation. LPC is produced also by enzymes such as phospholipase A2, which we recently detected in arteries. We then hypothesized that LPC was involved in antibody binding to oxLDL and demonstrated antibodies against LPC of IgG and IgM type, present in healthy individuals. Antibody titers to phosphatidylcholine (PC) were very low as compared to LPC, and hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine at the sn-2 position is thus essential for immune reactivity. LPC competitively inhibited anti-oxLDL reactivity, which indicates that LPC is one important antigen in oxLDL. Taken together, the mechanism by which oxLDL induces immune-activation may be related to nonspecific, co-stimulatory effects due to proinflammatory cytokines induced by PAF-like lipids such as LPC. On the other hand, the inhibitory effects of MHC class II antibodies may indicate that a conventional antigen recognized by T cells is also involved. The two possibilities are not mutually exclusive. OxLDL is also recognized by specific antibodies of both IgG and IgM type, many of which are specific for LPC. The findings indicate that PAF-like lipids, and especially LPC, may play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease by inducing inflammatory reactions in the artery wall.
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| 4. |
- Qu, Xiaobo, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Deep Learning.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie. - : Wiley. - 1521-3773 .- 1433-7851. ; 59:26, s. 10297-10300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy serves as an indispensable tool in chemistry and biology but often suffers from long experimental time. We present a proof-of-concept of application of deep learning and neural network for high-quality, reliable, and very fast NMR spectra reconstruction from limited experimental data. We show that the neural network training can be achieved using solely synthetic NMR signal, which lifts the prohibiting demand for large volume of realistic training data usually required in the deep learning approach.
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