| 1. |
- Atwal, Glyn, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunity recognition and knowledge transfer in the champagne industry : A conceptual analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Strategic Change. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1086-1718 .- 1099-1697. ; 31:3, s. 285-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distinctive advantage in an entrepreneurial venture derives from the adoption of embedded knowledge to create and renew cultural capital. Champagne houses pursue a knowledge transfer strategy to achieve a competitive advantage related to the cultural and managerial orientation of the defined champagne house cluster. The distinctive advantage in an entrepreneurial setup derives from adopting embedded knowledge within the organization to create and renew cultural capital.
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| 2. |
- Barron, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Corporate political strategizing in the European Union during the 2007-2010 recession : an exploratory study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning. C, Government and Policy. - : Pion Ltd. - 0263-774X .- 1472-3425. ; 29:5, s. 783-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using original data collected from a survey of Brussels-based Government Affairs Managers (GAMs) in May and June 2010, we explore the political actions of firms in the European Union during the 2007 – 10 financial crisis. Findings suggest that the financial constraints imposed by the crisis had a significant impact on whether GAMs entered into short-term or long-term relationships with policy makers and whether they engaged in individual or collective action. Significant cross-country differences were also observed between the political objectives pursued by firms, their propensity to engage in collective political action, and the tactics they use to influence policy makers. Taken together, these findings challenge institutional explanations of EU lobbying, which suggest that the EU system of policy making provides powerful incentives for firms to adopt specific lobbying behaviours in order to gain a seat at the EU policy-making table.
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| 3. |
- Barron, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Country-of-origin effects on managers’ environmental scanning behaviours : Evidence from the political crisis in the Eurozone
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning. C, Government and Policy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0263-774X .- 1472-3425. ; 33:3, s. 601-619
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using original survey data, we investigate how British, French and Swedish managers scanned their political environments during the crisis in the Eurozone. We expose instances when country of origin has a significant effect on scanning practices: British managers claimed to possess the most developed political scanning capabilities, making the most frequent use of government information sources. British and Swedish managers used business associations as intelligence sources more frequently than their French counterparts. We also found that exposure to the Euro crisis significantly affected scanning behaviours: irrespective of country of origin, managers strongly exposed to the crisis considered it strategically important to scan political events during the crisis, developed formal scanning routines, and reported frequent use of both governments and business associations as sources of political information. Combined, our findings contribute to county-specific research into executives’ environmental scanning practices by suggesting a universal mind-set of environmental scanning during times of crisis.
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| 4. |
- Barron, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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The financial crisis and the gathering of political intelligence : A cross-country comparison of SMEs in France, Sweden and the UK
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Small Business Journal. - : SAGE. - 0266-2426 .- 1741-2870. ; , s. 1-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports the findings of a study that compared cross-national differences in how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) monitored political responses to the economic and financial crisis of 2007–2009. Original, empirical data collected through an online survey of 206 small business managers in France, Sweden and the UK were analysed to explore the extent that they monitored policy responses to the crisis, their motivations for doing so, and the sources of information they used for political intelligence gathering purposes. The findings show that the monitoring of political initiatives by SMEs in response to the recession varied in accordance with the extent to which their countries are affected by the recession. Also, small business managers on the whole considered it more important, despite the international nature of the crisis, to monitor political responses in national rather than supranational political settings. Contrary to our expectations, we found that SMEs across all three countries drew on similarly wide sources of information when monitoring policy responses to the crisis. Also surprising was the finding that SME managers in the UK relied heavily on official government sources when gathering intelligence on attempts to alleviate the recession’s effects.
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| 5. |
- Barron, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Political Intelligence in Firms' Export Decisions During the Euro Crisis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of small business management (Print). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0047-2778 .- 1540-627X. ; 54:4, s. 1126-1146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inspired by the literatures on internationalization and absorptive capacity, we develop a model exploring how small firms—during crises—acquire and apply political information to export decisions. We test our model using data collected during the 2012 Eurozone crisis from a sample of 440 British, French, and Swedish SMEs. Findings indicate that firms dependent on the Eurozone for exports and heavily impacted by the crisis engaged in frequent political monitoring. In turn, frequent monitoring leads to the development of formal routines for exploiting political information. Firms with the most formal routines sought new export opportunities beyond the Eurozone. In contrast to previous research into small-firm internationalization, our study stresses the significance of "shortcut" searching activities, non-market information, and firms' decisions to reduce prior investments in export markets.
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| 6. |
- Biedenbach, Galina, et al.
(författare)
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B2B brand equity : investigating the effects of human capital and relational trust
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 34:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of human capital and relational trust on business-to-business (B2B) brand equity.Design/methodology/approach: Data collection was conducted among the clients of one of the Big Four auditing firms in Sweden. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized effects.Findings: The results demonstrate positive effects of human capital and relational trust on the core dimensions of brand equity. In the context of the professional services, human capital was found to have a stronger direct impact than relational trust on brand associations, perceived quality and brand loyalty.Practical implications: The study provides practical recommendations for marketing managers on how to consider the nature of B2B brand equity and its determinants in developing successful branding strategies. The findings indicate that although relational trust has a positive impact on brand equity, it draws on the clients’ positive perceptions of the service providers’ human capital. Thus, investments that generate positive perceptions of a service provider’s human capital will strengthen its competitive position. Leading to the creation of relational trust and having a strong impact on the dimensions of brand equity, human capital is a strategic asset that needs careful management.Originality/value: The study advances extant knowledge on B2B brand equity by examining contextual conditions and factors that are critical for building strong brands in industrial markets. The study demonstrates that clients’ perceptions about the knowledge, skills and abilities of service providers are more important than relational trust for enhancing B2B brand equity.
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| 7. |
- Biedenbach, Galina, et al.
(författare)
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Employee-based brand equity and performance of self-service technologies: Examining the impact of individual and organizational resilience
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of individual and organizational resilience on perceptions of employees about the performance of self-service technologies (SSTs) and determinants of employee-based brand equity in a retailing context. The data was collected by distributing an online survey among employees of grocery stores and chains in Sweden, who were members of a panel of one large marketing research organization. The data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling. The findings advance research on internal branding by demonstrating the relevance of considering individual and organizational resilience, as well as perceptions of employees about technological innovations, such as SSTs, in the development and implementation of internal branding strategies. The study contributes to research and managerial practice by adopting an employee perspective and examining the impact of employees’ perceptions about technological innovations and resilience, which are found to be critical for enhancing employee-based brand equity.
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| 8. |
- Biedenbach, Galina, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational resilience and internal branding: investigating the effects triggered by self-service technology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Brand Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-1803 .- 1350-231X. ; 29:4, s. 420-433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of studies on internal brand equity examine its various dimensions and relationships between them. While prior research specifes organizational practices relevant for successful internal branding, the insights about the impact of essential organizational factors on internal brand equity are still limited. This study focuses on organizational resilience that is vital for the existence of organizations not only during a crisis, but also during everyday operations. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of organizational resilience on internal brand equity considering the efects triggered by self-service technology (SST) in retailing. Since retailing had been signifcantly transformed by technological innovations over the past decade, we explore the efects of employees’ perceptions about performance of SST. The results of a survey conducted among retail employees in Sweden demonstrate that organizational resilience and employees’ perceptions about technological innovations are critical for enhancing internal brand equity, which includes brand orientation, internal brand knowledge, internal brand involvement, and internal brand commitment.
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| 9. |
- Bryson, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
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Antecedents of luxury brand hate : A quantitative study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Strategic Change. - : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 1086-1718 .- 1099-1697. ; 30:1, s. 35-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyses the relationships of the antecedents of “extreme negative affect” toward luxury brands. The results show that the first-order predictors of luxury brand hate were negative stereotypes of people who use the luxury brand, consumer dissatisfaction with the brand, and negative word-of-mouth. The following three strategic approaches: (a) proactive, (b) neutral, and (c) reactive can be considered as a template to address the causes and implications of brand hate.
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| 10. |
- Bryson, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
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Towards the conceptualisation of the antecedents of extreme negative affect towards luxury brands
- 2013
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Ingår i: Qualitative Market Research. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1352-2752 .- 1758-7646. ; 16:4, s. 393-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The aim of this paper is to conceptualise the influences of extreme negative emotional response towards luxury brands as expressed in brand hate.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses examples obtained from a critical incidents approach to interviews with a small sample of German and British luxury consumers. Informants were asked to identify extremely positive and then extremely negative incidents which affected their perceptions of luxury brands. This critical incidents approach allowed for a clearer focus on the negative incidents and allowed identification of common themes that may be related to extreme negative affect.Findings – The evaluation of negative incidents which the informants named suggest that country of origin, consumer dissatisfaction with service, and negative stereotypes of luxury brand users are potential antecedents of brand hate within the luxury sector. Some types of advertising might heighten the latter effect. Consumers' perceptions of corporate social performance did not seem to be a strong source of brand hate, yet the respondents stressed the significance of luxury brands to act responsibly. Thus, it is important for luxury brands to avoid potential dissonance in the way consumers perceive them.Research limitations/implications – This primarily conceptual paper uses examples from Germany and the UK. Therefore, it is recommended to continue with studies in other countries, including emerging economies, to identify potential cross-cultural differences. Furthermore, it would be interesting to ascertain which factors are the most significant in evoking extreme negative brand affect.Practical implications – The core reputation of the luxury brand is a common theme which is identified as a driving force of brand hate. Brand practitioners therefore need to consider how to build a strong positive reputation in order to withstand the immediate and long-term consequences of brand hate.Originality/value – The need to investigate antecedents of extreme negative affect as manifested in brand hate reflects a gap in extant literature on luxury brand management. Therefore, the authors contend that their conceptualization of antecedents of affect will have important theoretical and practical implications within the field of luxury brand management.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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A Lindblomian perspective on customer complaint management policies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 65:6, s. 788-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research reports the findings of an exploratory study on the everyday management of customercomplaints in the French business-to-business sector. A web-based survey rendered 57 eligible responses from managers who deal with customer contacts on an everyday basis. ALindblomianperspective is applied to analyze customer relationship management (CRM) systems and policies for managing customercomplaints. Findings indicate that such systems do not influence how managers perceive their communication with customers. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that a formal policy for managing customercomplaints affects the adjustments that companies make in situations marked by difficulties in choosing solutions to acustomer’s problem and knowing what the outcomes will be.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-country differences in attitudes to business associations during the 2007–2010 recession
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of world business (Print). - : Elsevier. - 1090-9516 .- 1878-5573. ; 47, s. 352-361
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses empirical data gathered through an on-line survey of 206 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), conducted in France, Sweden and the UK. The paper examines cross-country differences in SME managers’ perceptions of business associations as sources of political intelligence and their ability to influence policy responses to financial crises. Findings demonstrate that the respondents’ countries of origin are significantly correlated with (1) their use of information sources to gather political intelligence, (2) their perceptions regarding the effectiveness of business associations in influencing policy outcomes, and (3) their perceptions regarding policymakers’ appreciation of information provided by SME associations.
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| 16. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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Managing a cross-institutional setting : a case study of a Western firm's subsidiary in the Ukraine
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study explores the development of a Western firm's subsidiary in the Ukraine and sets out to contribute to the theoretical development about the managing of subsidiaries in the Post-Soviet market. The cross-institutional approach to analyse the subsidiary has been adopted to explore influence from the institutional setting of the parent firm and from local institutions. In the theoretical framework, special attention is directed to studies analysing the challenges that Western firms encounter when operating in the Post-Soviet market. Institutional theory therefore serves as a framework for theories on market entries, networks and management transfers.The empirical study is based on a case study conducted in connection to a training project for local employees of a Western firm's subsidiary operating in the Ukraine. Besides being a source of inspiration, the training project provided good access to respondents and insights about the challenges that the subsidiary faced.The analysis shows that the introduction of the Western firm's management in the subsidiary reflects in the local employees' forming of identities. A clear pattern is that local employees' development of identities in line with the Western firm's norms is supported by socialisation in settings dominated by the Western firm. A setting dominated by conflicts between Western and local norms, in contrast, resulted in developments of conflict identities. The analysis of the subsidiary's managing of influences from the local institutional setting indicates that this concerned filtering. Striking was that the subsidiary was successful in managing influences when the filtering conditions were characterised by consonance. Looking into aspects making the filtering of external influences difficult, the analysis points out barter trade and local actors' boundary spanning towards authorities in the Ukrainian society as aspects creating dissonances and vacuum. Thus, influences characterised by dissonance and/or vacuum made it particularly difficult for the subsidiary to manage these influences.One of the major contributions of this thesis is the cross-institutional approach to analyse developments in a subsidiary in the Post-Soviet market. By applying this approach the study suggests that the managing of a cross-institutional setting concerns both internal and external boundary spanning. Of vital importance for the internal boundary spanning are issues influencing local employees' forming of a 'we' with the Western firm's representatives. The standpoint is that this concerns local employees' identity identification, which is a new perspective on management transfers towards a subsidiary in the Post-Soviet market. Concerning the managing of external boundary spanning, the study points towards the importance of observing local actors' ways of dealing with dissonances and vacuum in local networks.
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| 17. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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New printing technology and pricing
- 2009
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 38:3, s. 253-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case study analyzes five Swedish printing houses' pricing with respect to their investments in new printing technology. The new printing technology made it possible for the printing houses to market new products and services to meet the demand for shorter delivery times and full service solutions. Although this demand was apparent, the printing houses' opportunities to capitalize on their investments depended on the characteristics of the market segment that they served. Findings indicate that the new printing technology made it possible to change prices when the new services reduced delivery time and costs, and when there were substantial differences between the new services and available substitutes. Thus, customers accepted new pricing when the utilization of the new technology resulted in financial gains and time reductions.
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| 18. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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Swedish SMEs' establishment of business in Russia : a case study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of East-West Business. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 15:1, s. 5-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case study analyzes Swedish SMEs' establishment of business in Russia. The study is based on data from a project whose objective was to help Swedish SMEs enter the Russian market. Findings indicate that market visits positively affected the managers' view on the Russian market. Interviews with four SMEs that had been successful in establishing business in Russia highlight the importance of finding a local partner with access to working market channels. A conclusion drawn is that innovativeness, flexibility, and commitment are characteristics that the exporting SMEs and their Russian partners need to share.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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Transfer of management practices in cross-institutional setting : a case study of a Western firm's subsidiary in the Ukraine
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Commerce and Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1056-9219. ; 16:3/4, s. 197-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the managerial challenges involved in establishing subsidiaries in the Post- Soviet market. In these circumstances, the Western firms’ management meets the host country’s institutional structures. It is suggested that management transfers from the Western parent firm towards the local subsidiary take place across institutional boundaries. The analysis focuses on aspects creating, or reducing tensions in relations between local employees and the Western firm’s representatives. This paper explains why some local employees develop identities that facilitate management transfers, and why other employees develop conflict identities that inhibit management transfers.
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| 21. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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Value creation by “muddling” in the B2B sector
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 65:6, s. 781-787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using empirical data from an online survey of 93 managers in the Swedish business-to-business sector, this study analyzes customers' perceptions of the value of upgraded product offerings. With a Lindblomian perspective, this research identifies factors that affect value judgments. Findings indicate that communication of the value of upgraded product offerings and usage situations are positively associated with the customer-perceived operative value drivers. However, it is only the value perceptions from usage situations that significantly impact the perceived value drivers. A conclusion drawn is that Lindblom’s theories on “muddling” are instrumental in explaining why it is difficult for a customer to accurately assess the value of a new solution, and why usage situations positively affect the operative value drivers in a buyer-seller relationship. Thus, “muddling” creates value in such relationships.
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| 22. |
- Isaksson, Anders, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of managers' attitudes on SMEs' growth in northern Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 18:3, s. 298-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the impact of managers' attitudes to growth on the realised growth in a sample of 1,416 small firms in northern Sweden. The findings demonstrate a positive relationship between the managers' attitudes and the actual growth outcomes. Zero-growth firms turned out different from both positive- and negative- growth firms with regard to managers' attitude towards growth as a competitive necessity. The owners of zero-growth firms perceived their firms as a primary source of income and employment. Our findings, therefore, provide indications of how attitudes affect outcomes among SMES that aspire to grow.
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| 23. |
- Isaksson, Anders, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of managers’ attitudes on SMEs’ growth in northern Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - 1741-8054 .- 1476-1297. ; 18:3, s. 298-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the link between managers’ attitudes towards growth and consecutive realized growth.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire to 4573 SMEs (35 % response rate) was used to measure growth attitudes. Realized growth was measured using four years of annual report data (2-year pre survey and 2-year post survey).Findings – Our findings provide indications that managers’ attitudes towards growth have a positive relationship to actual growth outcomes. Our results also show that zero-growth firms are different from both positive- and negative- growth firms with regard to attitude towards growth.Research limitations/implications – This study suggests that attitudes are a factor to consider when trying to stimulate growth and that it is important to consider zero-growth firm different nature. Our longitudinal approach overcomes some of the limitation of previous (cross-section) research in the area. Future research could also expand the analysis over a longer period and covering other cultural settings. Originality/value – Our analysis of the relationship between attitudes towards growth and actual outcomes extends the earlier work on the relationship between attitudes and intentions to grow. Furthermore, this paper advances the development of appropriate measurements for analyses of growth and attitudes to growth.
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| 24. |
- Leijerholt, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Branding in the public sector : a systematic literature review and directions for future research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Brand Management. - : Palgrave Macmillan. - 1350-231X .- 1479-1803. ; 26:2, s. 126-140
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased interest of public organizations in using corporate branding principles creates a need to understand how to implement such principles effectively. Although previous research investigates challenges related to branding in this context, the findings provide contradictory evidence and opposing recommendations. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of literature on branding in the public sector and to explore directions for future research. The results demonstrate that owing to the distinct differences between the private and public sectors, there is a need to adapt branding principles to meet the sector-specific challenges faced by public organizations. However, the extent of the required changes needs further research. This literature review presents a number of potential directions for future studies, which focus on diverse topics related to the internal and external aspects that are crucial to the successful branding of public organizations.
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| 25. |
- Leijerholt, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Internal brand management in the public sector : the effects of internal communication, organizational practices, and PSM on employees’ brand perceptions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Public Management Review. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1471-9037 .- 1471-9045. ; 24:3, s. 442-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenged by demanding contextual conditions, public sector organizations struggle to succeed in internal branding. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of value congruence in internal communication and positive organizational practices on employees’ brand perceptions. The study examines the impact of PSM on these variables. The results of a survey demonstrate the importance of value congruence and positive organizational practices for facilitating employees’ brand identification, brand pride, and brand commitment. The findings show that PSM directly impacts employees’ opinions about value congruence and positive organizational practices, and indirectly influences their affective responses to the organizational brand.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Leijerholt, Ulrika, 1975-
(författare)
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Public sector branding : an internal brand management perspective
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increased use of branding within the public sector signifies an important area for academic research that currently lacks theory and empirical evidence; public sector branding. Extant literature paints a scattered picture. On one hand, some branding principles appear to be equally relevant in the public sector as they are in the private sphere. On the other hand, the public sector appears to require a somewhat distinct approach to branding as there are contextual differences that may affect branding principles, their implementation, and outcomes. Thus, the field lacks established relevant theoretical frameworks to guide public sector organizations in their branding efforts.One particular area of interest is that of internal brand management. A strong organizational brand is dependent on the brand values being incorporated into the fabric of an organization and into the behaviors of its employees. How this outcome can be achieved in the public sector, however, is still unknown. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to investigate central factors affecting the implementation of internal brand management in the public sector, considering its specific nature.Through a multi-method study, this dissertation presents the synthesized findings of four individual papers. The first paper, a literature review, explores extant research on public sector branding. The next two papers are based on a qualitative case study, which includes interviews, observations, and brandrelated documents. The fourth paper is based on a quantitative study. The three empirical papers investigate various factors that influence internal brand management in the public sector.The synthesized findings demonstrate that organizations within the public sector need to approach branding in a manner that considers its distinct nature. From an internal brand management perspective this entails considering contextual, organizational, and individual factors. These factors have been found to affect branding principles and their implementation in public organizations and indicate the unique nature of public sector branding.
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| 28. |
- Lindberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Methods to enhance students' entrepreneurial mindset : a Swedish example
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Training and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2046-9012 .- 2046-9020. ; 41:5, s. 450-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of intervention methods in an entrepreneurship education (EE) course that was designed to enhance the students' entrepreneurial mindset by targeting their opportunity identification, creativity and risk management capabilities (RMC). Design/methodology/approach - The authors formulate hypotheses on enhancement of opportunity identification, creativity and RMC, and they test them using data collected from pre- and post-tests of three courses: one treatment course group and two control course groups. Findings - The pretests and posttests of the treatment course demonstrate that the applied intervention methods have a positive impact on how the participants perceive their opportunity identification and creative capabilities. The participants in the control groups, which used a traditional course design, reported no such effects. Combined, the authors' findings suggest that the new intervention methods positively affected the participants' entrepreneurial mindset. Originality/value - This study contributes to extant EE literature by examining the question of how certain pedagogical intervention methods enhance the participants' self-efficacy with regard to possessing opportunity identification, creativity and RMC. The findings reported in this paper have implications for EE scholars, program evaluators and managers who seek methods to enhance the entrepreneurial mindset of people in their organizations.
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