| 1. |
- Delaini, G G, et al.
(författare)
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Is an ileal pouch an alternative for patients requiring surgery for Crohn's proctocolitis?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Techniques in coloproctology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1123-6337 .- 1128-045X. ; 9:3, s. 222-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most surgeons consider Crohn's colitis to be an absolute contraindication for a continent ileostomy, due to high complication and failure rates. This opinion may, however, be erroneous. The results may appear poor when compared with those after pouch surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but the matter may well appear in a different light if the pouch patients are compared with Crohn's colitis patients who have had a proctocolectomy and a conventional ileostomy.We assessed the long-term outcomes in a series of patients with Crohn's colitis who had a proctocolectomy and a continent ileostomy (59 patients) or a conventional ileostomy (57 patients). The median follow-up time was 24 years for the first group and 27 years for the second group.The outcomes in the two groups of patients were largely similar regarding both mortality and morbidity; the rates of recurrent disease and reoperation with loss of small bowel were also similar between groups.The possibility of having a continent ileostomy, thereby avoiding a conventional ileostomy-even if only for a limited number of years--may be an attractive option for young, highly motivated patients.
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| 2. |
- Delaini, G G, et al.
(författare)
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The ileoanal pouch procedure in the long-term perspective: a critical review.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Techniques in coloproctology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1123-6337 .- 1128-045X. ; 9:3, s. 187-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An ileo-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the gold standard procedure for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. Clinical results on the pelvic pouch procedure have often been encouraging; when confronted with the different surgical options, the majority of patients select IPAA as the best operation. However, even if IPAA is a great innovation, it is by no means the first choice for all patients. For patients old enough to join in a responsible discussion, the pros and cons of the various operations must be carefully described; the choice of surgical procedure must meet the patient's wishes and appear soundly based to the surgeon. The young age of most patients has to be considered and a long follow-up time is required to establish whether and, if so, to what extent the operation may adversely impact the patient's continence, sex life, fertility, and quality of life. The risk of cancer transformation in the residual rectal mucosa in the muscular or columnar cuff is another important factor that may influence the eventual decision. This article critically reviews our experience and the literature.
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| 3. |
- Hagleitner, M M, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical spectrum of immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial dysmorphism (ICF syndrome).
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of medical genetics. - : BMJ. - 1468-6244. ; 45:2, s. 93-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial dysmorphism (ICF syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterised by facial dysmorphism, immunoglobulin deficiency and branching of chromosomes 1, 9 and 16 after PHA stimulation of lymphocytes. Hypomethylation of DNA of a small fraction of the genome is an unusual feature of ICF patients which is explained by mutations in the DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3B in some, but not all, ICF patients. OBJECTIVE: To obtain a comprehensive description of the clinical features of this syndrome as well as genotype-phenotype correlations in ICF patients. METHODS: Data on ICF patients were obtained by literature search and additional information by means of questionnaires to corresponding authors. Results and CONCLUSIONS: 45 patients all with proven centromeric instability were included in this study. Facial dysmorphism was found to be a common characteristic (n = 41/42), especially epicanthic folds, hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge and low set ears. Hypo- or agammaglobulinaemia was demonstrated in nearly all patients (n = 39/44). Opportunistic infections were seen in several patients, pointing to a T cell dysfunction. Haematological malignancy was documented in two patients. Life expectancy of ICF patients is poor, especially those with severe infections in infancy or chronic gastrointestinal problems and failure to thrive. Early diagnosis of ICF is important since early introduction of immunoglobulin supplementation can improve the course of the disease. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation should be considered as a therapeutic option in patients with severe infections or failure to thrive. Only 19 of 34 patients showed mutations in DNMT3B, suggesting genetic heterogeneity. No genotype-phenotype correlation was found between patients with and without DNMT3B mutations.
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| 4. |
- Björkman, G., et al.
(författare)
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Att genomföra och avrapportera projektarbetsuppgifter på delkurs PK:1
- 1977
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är en rapport om hur man bedriver och avrapporterar projektarbete på kurs PK:1 i informationsbehandling. Rapporten beskriver de olika momenten i projektarbetet och innehåller dessutom regler och anvisningar för detta arbete. Rapporten försöker även förmedla tips och erfarenheter från tidigare terminer beträffande kurs PK:1
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| 5. |
- Delaini, G G, et al.
(författare)
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[Abdominal rectopexy in the treatment of rectal prolapse: how to foresee the functional result]. : Rettopessia addominale per il trattamento del prolasso del retto: come prevedere il risultato funzionale.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Annali italiani di chirurgia. - 0003-469X. ; 65:2, s. 183-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 21 patients (19 women) who underwent rectal prolapse repair were prospectively studied. At the one year follow-up, 6 of the eleven incontinent patients (54 per cent) regained full continence and while three of the remaining 5 patients improved they still referred occasional imperfection of continence. Resting anal pressure and maximal squeeze pressure were both significantly lower in the five patients who remained incontinent, 23 (17-31) mm Hg vs 50 (31-52) mm Hg (p < = 0.02) and 52 (17-75) mm Hg vs 108 (89-110) mm Hg (p < = 0.02), respectively. Moreover the manometric results showed evidence that in patients who remained incontinent, the anal pressure in response to rectal distention, was significantly lower than patients who regained continence (p < = 0.05) both before and after operation. We conclude that incontinent patients with rectal prolapse who exhibit a markedly low minimal residual anal pressure on recto-anal reflex inhibition are less likely to improve after rectopexy and that this preoperative test may be a useful predictor.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Scaglia, M, et al.
(författare)
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Injection treatment of hemorrhoids in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Diseases of the colon and rectum. - 0012-3706. ; 44:3, s. 401-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are often in poor general physical condition. Diarrhea and bleeding hemorrhoids frequently contribute to the morbidity, and patients with such problems cause an increasing load on many outpatient clinics.Twenty-two patients (17 males) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had injection treatment for bleeding second-degree to fourth-degree hemorrhoids according to standard outpatient clinic routines. Mean follow-up was 24 months.No complications were recorded. The treatment was successful in all patients, and no hemorrhoidectomy was necessary. Nineteen patients improved after their first injection, whereas 3 patients required two to six weeks repeated treatments to improve. Four subjects with the longer follow-up (4 years) showed an improvement lasting 12 to 18 months and then required one to two treatments per year to stop recurrent bleeding.Because of their poor general condition and poor wound healing, a conservative approach is preferable to avoid a formal hemorrhoidectomy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Sclerotherapy seems to be an attractive alternative.
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| 8. |
- Scaglia, M, et al.
(författare)
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[The functional and manometric results of 2 surgical methods of posterior abdominal rectopexy]. : Risultati funzionali e manometrici di due metodi chirurgici di rettopessi addominale posteriore.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Minerva chirurgica. - 0026-4733. ; 49:5, s. 383-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functional changes after posterior abdominal rectopexy for the treatment of rectal prolapse are not fully understood. We studied the effects of Wells' or Ripstein's rectopexy on functional characteristics as related to anal sphincter function, rectal volume and sensory function in 31 patients with complete or internal rectal prolapse. We have observed an improvement of continence over 70% in both groups. However, an absent or a decreased call to stool, constipation and evacuation difficulties are the aftermath of Wells' rectopexy, while these complaints appear basically unaffected by Ripstein's technique. Maximal squeeze pressure was slightly increased after Ripstein's rectopexy, whereas no significant effects were found on anal pressures. Postoperatively the rectal capacity was reduced by Well's procedure (p < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed with Ripstein's operation. After the Wells procedure patients developed at the threshold for the relaxation of the internal sphincter progressively lower rectal volumes, reaching one year after rectopexy the statistical significance. Sensory thresholds for sense of filling and urge were significantly raised after Wells' rectopexy even one year after operation, whereas after Ripstein's operation sense of filling was not significantly affected and while sense of urge was increased early postoperatively, it was not significantly changed at one hear postoperative control. In conclusion, when fecal incontinence appears associated to a rectal prolapse has good chances to improve postoperatively. Preoperative evacuation difficulties seem to be unaffected by a posterior abdominal rectopexy, Wells or Ripstein, but an extensive dissection of the rectum with the division of the lateral stalks, as it is performed in Wells' operation, seems to be a procedure that can create a further burden of problems the the patient and it seems coupled to a manovolumetric elevation of rectal sensory thresholds.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Hallert, Claes, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of poor vitamin status in coeliac patients on a gluten-free diet for 10 years
- 2002
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Ingår i: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : Wiley. - 0269-2813 .- 1365-2036. ; 16:7, s. 1333-1339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with coeliac disease are advised to keep to a lifelong gluten-free diet to remain well. Uncertainty still exists as to whether this gives a nutritionally balanced diet. Aim: To assess the vitamin nutrition status of a series of coeliac patients living on a gluten-free diet for 10 years. Methods: Thirty adults with coeliac disease (mean age, 55 years, range, 45-64 years, 60% women), in biopsy-proven remission following 8-12 years of dietary treatment, were studied. We measured the total plasma homocysteine level, a metabolic marker of folate, vitamin B-6 and vitamin B-12 deficiency, and related plasma vitamin levels. The daily vitamin intake level was assessed using a 4-day food record. Normative data were obtained from the general population of the same age. Results: Coeliac patients showed a higher total plasma homocysteine level than the general population, indicative of a poor vitamin status. In accordance, the plasma levels of folate and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (active form of vitamin B-6) were low in 37% and 20%, respectively, and accounted for 33% of the variation of the total plasma homocysteine level (P < 0.008). The mean daily intakes of folate and vitamin B-12, but not of vitamin B-6, were significantly lower in coeliac patients than in controls. Conclusions: Half of the adult coeliac patients carefully treated with a gluten-free diet for several years showed signs of a poor vitamin status. This may have clinical implications considering the linkage between vitamin deficiency, elevated total plasma homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease. The results may suggest that, when following up adults with coeliac disease, the vitamin status should be reviewed.
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| 14. |
- Hallert, C, et al.
(författare)
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Living with coeliac disease.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 37, s. 39-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Hultén, A, et al.
(författare)
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Recommended care for young people (15-19 years) after suicide attempts in certain European countries.
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 9:2, s. 100-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on recommended care for young people aged 15-19 years after attempted suicide from nine European research centres during the period 1989-1992 were analysed in terms of gender, history of previous suicide attempt and methods used. Altogether 438 suicide attempts made by 353 boys and 1,102 suicide attempts made by 941 girls were included. Analyses of the total data from all centres showed that young people with a history of previous suicide attempt and those using violent methods had significantly higher chance of being recommended aftercare than first-time attempters or those choosing self-poisoning. There were no significant differences of being recommended care between genders. Logistic regression analyses of the material were performed and the results were similar. Both having previous attempted suicide (odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.53-2.61) and using "hard" methods (odds ratio 1.71, 95% CI 1.49-1.96) were significantly associated with increased possibility of being recommended aftercare. When individual centres were analysed, large disparities of recommended care after suicide attempts were found and there were no uniform criteria of recommending care for young suicide attempters in Europe.
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| 16. |
- Hulten, M A., et al.
(författare)
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Trisomy 21 Mosaicism: We May All Have a Touch of Down Syndrome
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cytogenetic and Genome Research. - : Karger. - 1424-8581 .- 1424-859X. ; 139:3, s. 189-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ever increasing sophistication in the application of new analytical technology has revealed that our genomes are much more fluid than was contemplated only a few years ago. More specifically, this concerns interindividual variation in copy number (CNV) of structural chromosome aberrations, i.e. microdeletions and microduplications. It is important to recognize that in this context, we still lack basic knowledge on the impact of the CNV in normal cells from individual tissues, including that of whole chromosomes (aneuploidy). Here, we highlight this challenge by the example of the very first chromosome aberration identified in the human genome, i.e. an extra chromosome 21 (trisomy 21, T21), which is causative of Down syndrome (DS). We consider it likely that most, if not all, of us are T21 mosaics, i.e. everyone carries some cells with an extra chromosome 21, in some tissues. In other words, we may all have a touch of DS. We further propose that the occurrence of such tissue-specific T21 mosaicism may have important ramifications for the understanding of the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of medical problems shared between people with DS and those in the general non-DS population.
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| 17. |
- Knutsen Rydberg, Ellen, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Hypoxia increases LDL oxidation and expression of 15-lipoxygenase-2 in human macrophages
- 2004
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Ingår i: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. ; 24:11, s. 2040-2045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Macrophage-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by enzymes, such as the lipoxygenases, is considered of major importance for the formation of oxidized LDL during atherogenesis. Macrophages have been identified in hypoxic areas in atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate the role of hypoxia in macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation, we incubated human monocyte-derived macrophages with LDL under normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (0% O2) conditions. The results showed that hypoxic macrophages oxidized LDL to a significantly higher extent than normoxic cells. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein expression of 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2) as well as the activity of this enzyme are elevated in macrophages incubated at hypoxia. Both the unspliced 15-LOX-2 and the spliced variant 15-LOX-2sv-a are found in macrophages. In addition, 15-LOX-2 was identified in carotid plaques in some macrophage-rich areas but was only expressed at low levels in nondiseased arteries. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, these observations show for the first time that 15-LOX-2 is expressed in hypoxic macrophages and in atherosclerotic plaques and suggest that 15-LOX-2 may be one of the factors involved in macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation at hypoxia.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Legler, Tobias J., et al.
(författare)
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Workshop report on the extraction of foetal DNA from maternal plasma
- 2007
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Ingår i: Prenatal Diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 27:9, s. 824-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Cell free foetal DNA (cff DNA) extracted from maternal plasma is now recognized as a potential source for prenatal diagnosis but the methodology is currently not well standardized. To evaluate different manual and automated DNA extraction methods with a view to developing standards, an International Workshop was performed. Methods Three plasma pools from RhD-negative pregnant women, a DNA standard, real-time-PCR protocol, primers and probes for RHD were sent to 12 laboratories and also to one company (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). In pre-tests, pool 3 showed a low cff DNA concentration, pool I showed a higher concentration and pool 2 an intermediate concentration. Results The QIAamp DSP Virus Kit, the High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit, an in-house protocol using the QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, the CST genomic DNA purification kit, the Magna Pure LC, the MDx, the M48, the EZl and an in-house protocol using magnetic beads for manual and automated extraction were the methods that were able to reliably detect foetal RHD. The best results were obtained with the QIAamp DSP Virus Kit. The QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit showed very comparable results in laboratories that followed the manufacturer's protocol and started with >= 500 mu L plasma. One participant using the QIAamp DNA Blood Midi Kit failed to detect reliably RHD in pool 3. Conclusions This workshop initiated a standardization process for extraction of cff DNA in maternal plasma. The highest yield was obtained by the QIAamp DSP Virus Kit, a result that will be evaluated in more detail in future studies. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 21. |
- Lundqvist, Annika, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Oregonin reduces lipid accumulation and proinflammatory responses in primary human macrophages
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X. ; 458:3, s. 693-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation in the vascular wall is important for the development of atherosclerosis. We have previously shown that inflammatory macrophages are more abundant in human atherosclerotic lesions than in healthy arteries. Activated macrophages produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promote local inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions. Here, we investigated the role of oregonin, a diarylheptanoid, on proinflammatory responses in primary human macrophages and found that oregonin decreased cellular lipid accumulation and proinflammatoiy cytokine secretion. We also found that oregonin decreased ROS production in macrophages. Additionally, we observed that treatment of lipopolysaccharide-exposed macrophages with oregonin significantly induced the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including Heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH dehydrogenase quinone 1. In summary, we have shown that oregonin reduces lipid accumulation, inflammation and ROS production in primary human macrophages, indicating that oregonin has anti-inflammatory bioactivities. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 22. |
- Lundqvist, Annika, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase Enzyme Product 15-HETE Is Present in Heart Tissue from Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Enhances Clot Formation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of death and morbidity and the search for novel therapeutic targets is still required. We have previously shown that the enzyme arachidonate 15 lipoxygenase (ALOX15), which catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to 15-hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), is highly expressed in ischemic heart tissue, but its role in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease is unclear. Here we showed that expression of ALOX15, but not ALOX12 or ALOX15B, was increased in ischemic versus non-ischemic human heart biopsy samples. A similar ALOX expression pattern was found in hypoxic human cardiomyocytes and cardiac endothelial cells. We also showed that levels of 15-HETE were significantly higher in ischemic versus non-ischemic human heart biopsy samples and showed a tendency to increase in serum from the patients with ischemic heart disease. Moreover, hypoxia increased the production of 15-HETE levels from human cardiomyocytes and cardiac endothelial cells. The hypoxia-induced increase in 15-HETE levels from human cardiomyocytes was inhibited by the ALOX15 inhibitor baicalein. Finally, by using intrinsic rotational thromboelastometry, we showed that human whole blood clotted faster in the presence of 15-HETE. In summary, we propose that increased ALOX15 expression in heart tissue under ischemic conditions may lead to increased production of 15-HETE, potentially contributing to thrombosis.
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| 23. |
- Svensson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Fatty acids modulate the effect of darglitazone on macrophage CD36 expression.
- 2003
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical investigation. - 0014-2972. ; 33:6, s. 464-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Scavenger receptor-mediated uptake of cholesterol by macrophages in the arterial wall is believed to be proatherogenic. Thiazolidinediones are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)-agonists, which are used in the treatment of type II diabetes. They reduce atherogenesis in LDL receptor deficient and ApoE knockout mice, but up-regulate CD36, which may contribute to foam cell formation. The dyslipidaemia in type II diabetes is characterized by high levels of nonesterified fatty acids. Therefore we tested the effect of fatty acids and how fatty acids and the thiazolidinedione darglitazone interact in their effect on CD36 expression in human monocytes and macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to study CD36 expression. Cellular lipids were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Darglitazone increased CD36 mRNA and protein expression in human macrophage cells. In the presence of 5% human serum, darglitazone increased the accumulation of triglycerides, but did not affect cholesterol ester levels. In the presence of albumin-bound oleic or linoleic acid, darglitazone did not increase CD36 mRNA, cell-surface CD36 protein or triglyceride content. Fatty acids per se increased CD36 mRNA and protein. DISCUSSION: The increase in CD36 in macrophages suggests a role for fatty acids in the regulation of foam cell formation. The results also suggest that the potentially proatherogenic CD36 up-regulating effect of thiazolidinediones in macrophages might not be present when the cells have access to physiological levels of albumin-bound fatty acids.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- van Hulten, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacy data-a complete picture?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. - 1053-8569. ; 13:12, s. 879-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
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