| 1. |
- Jamil, Seema, et al.
(författare)
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Tropism of the in situ growth from biopsies of childhood neuroectodermal tumors following transplantation into experimental teratoma
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 134:7, s. 1630-1637
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental teratoma induced from human pluripotent stem cells with normal karyotype can be described as a failed embryonic process and includes besides advanced organoid development also large elements of tissue with a prolonged occurrence of immature neural components. Such immature components, although benign, exhibit strong morphological resemblance with tumors of embryonic neuroectodermal origin. Here, we demonstrate that biopsy material from childhood tumors of neural embryonic origin transplanted to mature experimental teratoma can show an exclusive preference for matching tissue. Tumor specimens from five children with; Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (sPNET); Pilocytic astrocytoma of the brainstem; Classic medulloblastoma; peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) or neuroblastoma (NB), respectively, were transplanted. Analysis of up to 120 sections of each tumor revealed an engraftment for three of the transplanted tumors: pPNET, sPNET, and NB, with a protruding growth from the latter two that were selected for detailed examination. The histology revealed a strict tropism with a non-random integration into what morphologically appeared as matched embryonic microenvironment recuperating the patient tumor histology. The findings suggest specific advantages over xenotransplantation and lead us to propose that transplantation to the human embryonic microenvironment in experimental teratoma can be a well-needed complement for preclinical in vivo studies of childhood neuroectodermal tumors. What's new? The ability to better replicate the human neoplastic niche in vivo could help improve the predictive reliability of animal models. To that end, this study shows that biopsies from childhood neuroectodermal tumors are able to engraft into specific embryonic components of human experimental teratoma. Histological examination revealed a strict tropism of a neuroblastoma as well as a supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, showing nonrandom integration into morphologically identifiable tissues. The study opens new possibilities for the analysis of growth-promoting environmental factors and for investigating novel therapies targeted to the microenvironment of childhood neuroectodermal tumors.
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| 2. |
- Al-Najjar, Nasik, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-Effective Water Supply and Sanitation
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2nd-Environmental Conference-Water (KECW007), Dohuk Kurdistan Region in Iraq.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water supply and sanitation have about the same goals all over the world. The needs for safe water supply and sanitation are obvious although not generally implemented. This depends often on the economical situation and bad management. Additional factors are effects of war actions and natural disasters as flooding of rivers and tsunamis. The strategies are, however, similar independent of the actual conditions. In this paper the strategies as developed in Sweden are described related to practical implementation of technology and management strategies. The experiences have shown on both mistakes and successful handling. Today, Sweden is involved in both adjusting policies according to European Union rules (as EU Water Framework Directive) and also in sharing experiences to facilitate international implementation of cost-effective methods.
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| 3. |
- Al-Najjar, Nasik, et al.
(författare)
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The water and wastewater situation in Iraq – problems and possibilities for counter-measures
- 2004
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Ingår i: Vatten. - : Föreningen Vatten. - 0042-2886. ; 60:4, s. 269-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A summary is given of the water and wastewater situation in Iraq before the Gulf War 1991, the situation after the Gulf War and the recent effects of the conflict in 2003. The access of safe water was halved in certain governorates after March 2003 and half of the sewage works were out of function with a discharge of untreated wastewater into rivers and channels. The supply of electricity was less than 4 hours per day in January 2004 and caused discharges of untreated sewage on streets etc. The leakage from the water net was estimated at 60%. The wastewater system in 3 out of 5 schools was estimated to be out of function and epidemics have especially affected children and caused increased mortality. Special issues like the illegal openings of water pipes and security have worsened the situation. The Swedish knowledge of water and wastewater handling may have an important role in rebuilding water and wastewater handling in Iraq and different possibilities are exemplified.
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| 4. |
- Al-Najjar, Nasik, et al.
(författare)
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VA - SITUATIONEN I IRAK : PROBLEM OCH MÖJLIGHETER TILL MOTÅTGÄRDER
- 2004
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Ingår i: VATTEN: Tidskrift för vattenvård. - : Föreningen Vatten. - 0042-2886. ; 60:4, s. 269-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A summary is given on the water and wastewater situation in Iraq before the Gulf war 1991, the situation after the Gulf war and the recent effects of the conflict 2003. The access of safe water was halved in certain counties after March 2003 and half of the sewage works was out of function with a discharge of untreated wastewater to rivers and channels. The supply of electricity was less than 4 hours per day in January 2004 and caused discharges of untreated sewage on streets etc. Leakage from the water net was estimated to 60%. The wastewater system in 3 out of 5 schools was estimated to be out of function and epidemics have especially affected children and caused an increased mortality. Special issues as illegal openings of water pipes and security have worsened the situation. Swedish knowledge in water and wastewater handling may have an important role in rebuilding water and wastewater handling in Iraq and different possibilities are given.
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| 5. |
- Al-Najjar, Nasik, et al.
(författare)
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Water management and technology in Swedish municipalities. : Assessment of possibilities of exchange and transfer of experiences.
- 2009
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Ingår i: An International Perspective on Environmental and Water Resources Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The water and wastewater infrastructure began to be developed in Sweden more than one hundred years ago. Much attention was given, in the beginning, to fire prevention and hygienic problems with water borne diseases. Somewhat later storm sewers (combined system) were constructed to remove storm water and wastewater and then successively more efficient wastewater treatment plants were developed. Today water and wastewater handling is seen as a multidisciplinary subject where also attention is given to possible effects of climate changes and possibilities for resources recovery.Implementation of advanced water and wastewater systems involves not only different technologies but also effective administration and legislation. The implementation may be on national (also involving EU directives), regional and local scale. As a case study, the local implementation will be illustrated for the municipality Växjö in South Sweden with about 80,000 inhabitants.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Clyne, N, et al.
(författare)
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The intracellular distribution of cobalt in exposed and unexposed rat myocardium
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 50:6, s. 605-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intracellular distribution of cobalt was analysed in the myocardium of exposed and unexposed rats. The exposed rats were given a dietary cobalt supplementation of 40 mg CoS04-7 H20/kg body weight for 8 weeks. The mitochondrial fraction showed the greatest relative increase in cobalt: 0.09 ng/mg protein in the unexposed rats to 8.43 ng/mg protein in the exposed rats. In the exposed rats the submitochondrial particles had the highest levels of cobalt: 19.43 ng/mg protein, followed by the sarcoplasmatic reticulum: 12.3 ng/mg protein. The microsomal 44 000g supernatant also showed an increase, although the levels remained low (0.51 ng/mg protein in the exposed animals). Apparently the calcium-storing organelles had the highest levels of cobalt. This could affect calcium flux in myocardial cells and, secondarily, tension development in cardiac muscle.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Dlugolecka, Maja, 1979-
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical compounds; a new challenge for wastewater treatment plants
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Analytical analyses conducted at the Himmerfjärden WWTP (285.000 PE connected) identified 70 pharmaceutical compounds belonging to different therapeutic classes. Such organic micropollutants at low detected concentration range of µg - ng l-1 did not affect the treatment processes at WWTP. Results from analytical studies indicated continuous discharge of organic micropollutants to the surface water with a calculated load amounting to 1.51 kg day-1. Metoprolol, carbamazepine and naproxen were chosen for testing different removal methods. Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) tests were conducted to assess the bacterial activity of an activated sludge taken from a full scale aeration plant with the presence of selected target compounds. A semi-technical scale membrane bioreactor ZeeWeed10™, treating final effluent from the Himmerfjärden WWTP (Sweden) was seeded with activated sludge from full scale biological stage. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) system placed after the final treatment appeared to be an insufficient technology for removal of residual amounts of organic micropollutants from WWTP effluents. Batch test studies with activated sludge taken from the membrane bioreactor and with application of granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration resulted in giving an overall assessment of removal efficiency. Metoprolol and carbamazepine tend to be resistant to the biodegradation process and in the dosed high concentration lead to bacterial cell decomposition in the activated sludge. Apparently, removal efficiency for naproxen exceeded the value of 46% with the spiked initial amount of 3.3 mg NAP g-1 MLSS. Application of the GAC filtration proved to be an efficient technique for removal of pharmaceutical compounds from treated wastewater. Application of the statistical programme Modde7 was a time saving tool in studies of fouling occurrence. The effect of fouling phenomenon, which is a highly limiting factor for MBR performance, was minimised by adjusting the operational parameters as predicted by the Modde7 programme.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Fernández, Isaac, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Deammonification Process by Response Surface Models
- 2011
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 215:1-4, s. 299-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the operational variables on the Anammox process has been generally researched considering each variable separately. However, the optimization of the process also requires the identification of the more significant variables and their possible interactions. Response surface models were successfully applied to evaluate the performance of the Anammox process in a deammonification system (i.e., one-stage biofilm Anammox process) taking into account the combined effects caused by two sets of three variables. Specific Anammox activity was measured by a manometric method and used as the response variable. The obtained models pointed out that the significant variables were the temperature, the value of pH, and the ratio between the unionized species of the substrates (free ammonia and free nitrous acid (FA/FNA)). There were interactions among them caused by chemical equilibriums. Total nitrogen concentration and ammonium concentration were found to be not significant in the tested range. According to the models, the optimum values of temperature, pH, and free ammonia to free nitrous acid ratio within the test ranges were, respectively, 30A degrees C, 7.0, and 0.3. Further research at higher temperatures and lower values of pH and FA/FNA ratios would be necessary in order to find the absolute optimum conditions for the process. The obtained model can be also useful in order to develop control strategies that take into account the significant variables and their optimum ranges. A strategy to control deammonification reactors has been proposed, according to the results of the modeling.
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| 13. |
- Ghebremichael, Kebreab Afwerki, 1969-
(författare)
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Moringa seed and pumice as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pumice and the Moringa oleifera (MO) seed were investigated as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment based on problems identified at the Stretta Vaudetto water treatment plant in Eritrea. Lab and pilot scale studies showed that pumice was a suitable alternative material for dual media filtration. Conversion of the sand filters at Stretta Vaudetto to pumice-sand media would significantly improve performance of the filtration units. The coagulant protein from the MO seed was purified in a single-step ion exchange purification method. The parameters for batch purification were optimized that can be readily scaled up. This will promote its use in water treatment. A small volume coagulation assay method was developed that simplified and expedited the coagulation activity experiments. MO coagulant protein (MOCP) possessed considerable coagulation and sludge conditioning properties as alum. It also showed antimicrobial effects against bacteria, some of which are antibiotic resistant. The coagulation and antimicrobial properties of MOCP render it important in water treatment.
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| 14. |
- Ghebremichael, Kebreab, et al.
(författare)
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Alum sludge dewatering using Moringa oleifera as a conditioner
- 2004
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 158:1, s. 153-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An active component of Moringa oleifera ( MO) has been used in comparison with synthetic polymers and alum for the conditioning of chemical sludge from a drinking water treatment plant. The comparison was based on dewatering characteristics of the conditioned sludge determined by capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF), sand column drainage and shear strength tests. The results indicated that MO showed comparable conditioning effect as alum. Polyelectrolytes were more effective than MO and alum. Sludge conditioned with MO and alum, as in dual chemical conditioning, showed better results than MO alone. According to CST, SRF and sand drainage results, optimum doses for MO, alum and polyelectrolytes were 125, 63, and 1.8 kg/t, respectively. Comparison of the two polyelectrolytes showed that the cationic polyelectrolyte was more effective. For sand drainage tests both polyelectrolytes improved the drainage rate by 2 orders of magnitude. MO and alum improved the drainage rate by about 4.2 times. On the other hand, the improvements in cake solids concentration were similar for all the chemical conditioners. Flocs from MO and alum were relatively stronger compared to those of the polyelectrolytes. From the results of the study it could be concluded that MO alone or in combination could be effectively used and replace alum for dewatering of chemical sludge.
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| 15. |
- Gut, Luiza, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of a two-step partial nitritation/Anammox system with implementation of multivariate data analysis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-7439 .- 1873-3239. ; 86:1, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complexity of biological wastewater treatment, in which a variety of physical and (bio)chemical processes concurrently take place, demands appropriate approach in the data analysis. In this study, the data set collected during a 20 month operation of a two-step partial nitritation/Anammox system for nitrogen removal from wastewater (semi-industrial pilot plant scale) are subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares projections to latent structures (PLS) analysis. Interpretation of PCA- and PLS models enable to discern relationships between different factors for the start-up period and stable operation of the pilot plant. Variables like conductivity, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrite-to-ammonium ratio (NAR) appear to be the key factors in the process control and monitoring. Extension of the Anammox reactor capacity demands accurate monitoring, principally by scrutinizing nitrite nitrogen concentration in the reactor. These findings suggest that the two methods complement each other in assessing the partial nitritation/Anammox system. This study demonstrated that multivariate data analysis provides the powerful implement in the field of wastewater treatment, especially in investigating novel systems.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Gut, Luiza, et al.
(författare)
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Combined partial nitritation/Anammox system for treatment of digester supernatant
- 2006
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 53:12, s. 149-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-year (2004) comprehensive investigations in a semi-industrial pilot plant (5 m(3)) were carried out with the aim of assessing the influence of operational parameters on the partial nitritation/Anammox system performance. In the system designed as a moving-bed biofilm reactor, the influent nitrogen load to the Anammox reactor was progressively increased and a stable Anammox bacterial culture was obtained. Interaction between subsequent, aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the partial nitritation and Anammox reactors, respectively, granted conditions to remove nitrogen through the nitrite route. It implies that the oxygen supply can be limited to a high extent. A control strategy for the partial nitritation step relied on concomitant adjustment of the air supply with a variable influent nitrogen load, which can be monitored by both pH and conductivity measurements. In the Anammox reactor, an influent nitrite-to-ammonium ratio plays a vital role in obtaining efficient nitrogen removal. During the 1-year experimental period, the Anammox reactor was operated steadily and average nitrogen removal efficiency was 84% with 97% as the maximum value.
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| 18. |
- Gut, Luiza, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) tests for assessment of nitrifying activities in the deammonification system
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The two-step deammonification system for nitrogen removal was established in a technical-scale pilot plant with moving-bed reactors with Kaldnes rings as biofilm carriers. The study consisted in observing the presence of nitrifiers in both activated sludge and biofilm in the partial nitritation reactor and in the Anammox reactor. Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) tests were used as a tool to assess qualitatively and quantitatively ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria as well as heterotrophic activity. Thirteen series of OUR tests focussed on monitoring the activity of nitrifying microorganisms in the deammonification system. It was demonstrated that the nitrifying culture mostly forms biofilm in the partial nitritation reactor. The results confirmed that there is only insignificant nitrifying activity present in the Anammox reactor and it is mainly concentrated in the activated sludge. It is most likely that nitrifiers sustain oxygen-limited conditions for the Anammox bacteria. The moving-bed system is therefore appropriate to obtain efficient removal of nitrogen with taking advantage of the cooperation of many bacterial cultures.
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| 19. |
- Gut, Luiza, et al.
(författare)
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Partial nitritation process assessment
- 2005
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Ingår i: Vatten: tidskrift för vattenvård. - 0042-2886. ; 61:3, s. 175-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, partial nitritation has the aim to oxidise a fraction of ammonium (about 50–60 %) into nitrite without following oxidation to nitrate. Experiments performed during eight months describe partial nitritation of supernatant from dewatering of digested sludge at Himmerfjärden wastewater treatment plant in the south Stockholm region. The process was the first step (reactor R1) and was followed by a second step (reactor R2) for oxidation of ammonium with nitrite to nitrogen gas. The evaluation was based on time series analysis and results from 15 profiles of inorganic nitrogen compounds and different operational parameters. The effluent Nitrite-to-Ammonium Ratio (NAR) depends on the influent supernatant composition (mainly ammonium concentration and alkalinity) and conditions in R1 (mainly dissolved oxygen concentration and drop in pH value). Modified methodology for biofilm was developed to measure Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) of ammonium and nitrite oxidisers.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Hannerz, F., et al.
(författare)
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A Flowchart for Sustainable Integrated Water Management Following the EU Water Framework Directive
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Water Management Online. - : European Water Association (EWA). - 1461-6971.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper proposes an operational flowchart for integrated water management in accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), based on identified necessary components for efficiency, participation and legitimacy in environmental management decisions. The flowchart identifies general methodologies for answering these main questions and integrates thereby different types of water and environmental management tasks, including: 1) development of water management plans and action programs, as required by the WFD; 2) environmental evaluation of permit applications for various development projects; and 3) remediation decisions for contaminated land. For these tasks, the flowchart clarifies the same main questions that need to be answered, and the methodology to answer them by quantitative scientific analysis and negotiated agreements among stakeholders. The proposed flowchart also provides a general methodology for operational coordination and systematisation of scientific information and quantification needs and tools in sustainable integrated water management.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Hultman, Bo, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based study of incidence of peritoneal metastases and prognostic factors in patients with loco-regionally advanced gastric cancer
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose The aim was to investigate epidemiological and prognostic factors as a knowledge base for the treatment of patients with loco-regionally advanced gastric cancer (GC). Methods In Uppsala County between 2000 and 2009, two hundred and fifty-five patients with GC were identified. Data from patient records were analyzed for loco-regionally advanced GC, defined as tumor invading the parietal and/or visceral peritoneum, including peritoneal metastasis but excluding serosal invasion from the primary tumor only, at primary diagnosis or during follow-up. Presence or absence of distant metastasis (DM) in these patients was also assessed. Results One hundred and twenty patients (47% of all patients with GC) experienced loco-regionally advanced disease. Forty-one percent also had DM. Median overall survival (mOS) from diagnosis of local-regionally advanced disease was 4.8 months for the whole group of patients, 5.1 months for the subgroup of patients without DM and 4.7 months for the subgroup with DM. Using multivariate Cox analysis, positive prognostic factors for survival identified were good performance status and treatment with palliative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Synchronous DM was a negative predictive factor. The mOS did not differ between the first and second time period. Discussion Peritoneal metastasis from GC is more common than previously reported. The lack of improvement in OS over the past decade signals a need for new treatment strategies.
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| 25. |
- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 8 : Integrated Water and Sanitation Management in Urban Areas
- 2007
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Ingår i: Baltic University Urban Forum Urban Management Guidebook. - : Baltic University Press. ; , s. 42-46
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A relationship exists between total pollution emission and resources depletion, population, produced goods per capita, and pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods. As population and products per capita grow pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods must decrease significantly each year to comply with sustainability. Integration of water, wastewater, and solid waste handling and its relation to energy is discussed as a way to improve the direction towards sustainability and to use ecology concepts on water and sanitation in municipalities or river basins. Possible benefits of integration of water and sanitation are discussed and the need to consider natural, technical, social and economical sciences.
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| 26. |
- Hultman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Costs and clinical outcome of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 51:1, s. 112-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe costs for loco-regional treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer are not well investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the costs and clinical outcome of systemic chemotherapy followed by cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy compared to systemic chemotherapy only in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer.Material and methodsTen patients were scheduled for systemic chemotherapy followed by loco-regional treatment. A reference group of 10 matched control patients treated with systemic chemotherapy only were used and both groups were evaluated with respect to clinical outcome and cost.ResultsThe mean overall cost in the loco-regional group was $145 700 (range $49 900-$487 800) and $59 300 (range $23 000-$94 800) for the control group. The mean overall survival for the loco-regional group was 17.4 months (range 6.0-34.3), and 11.1 months (range 0.1-24.2) for the systemic chemotherapy only group. The gain in life-years was 0.52 and in quality-adjusted life-years 0.49, leading to incremental cost per life-year and quality-adjusted life-years gained of $166 716 and $175 164, for loco-regional group compared to systemic chemotherapy.DiscussionTreatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer is costly irrespective of treatment modality. If the survival benefit from adding loco-regional treatment to systemic chemotherapy indicated from this comparison is true, the incremental cost is considered high.
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| 27. |
- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of water and sanitation – a challenge to reach sustainability goals
- 2007
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Ingår i: Integration and optimisation of urban sanitation systems. - 9789171788269 ; , s. 13-19
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Possible benefits of integration of water and sanitation are discussed based on results from a Polish-Swedish research co-operation project supported by the Swedish Institute (SI). A relationship exists between total pollution emission and resources depletion, population, produced goods per capita, and pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods. As population and products per capita grow pollution emission and resources depletion per unit of goods must decrease significantly each year to comply with sustainability. Integration of water, wastewater, and solid waste handling and its relation to energy is discussed as a way to improve the direction towards sustainability and to use ecology concepts on water and sanitation in municipalities or river basins.
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| 28. |
- Hultman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Phase II study of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer treated with preoperative systemic chemotherapy followed by peritonectomy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 52:4, s. 824-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe aim was to evaluate the feasibility and the effectiveness of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by cytoreductive surgery (CRS), hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from gastric cancer.Material and methodsEighteen patients (median age 57 years, range 38-74) were scheduled for three months' neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by CRS + HIPEC + EPIC.ResultsAt the time of surgery, the peritoneal tumor burden was extensive with tumor growth on the entire peritoneal cavity. Only eight patients received the entire treatment and OS was 14.3 months (range 6.1-34.3, 95% CI 6.6-20.3). Six patients had macroscopically radical (CC0) surgery and for this subgroup OS was 19.1 months (range 6.1-34.3, 95% CI 6.9-27.1). Postoperative 90-day mortality was 10% (one patient) and the perioperative grades II-IV adverse events (AE) rate was 62.5%.DiscussionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CRS + HIPEC + EPIC does not seem to be associated with prolonged OS in patients with extensive PC growth from gastric cancer unless macroscopically radical surgery is achieved. However, morbidity from this treatment is considerable and it cannot be recommended for routine care until a prospective randomized trial has been performed.
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| 29. |
- Hultman, Bo, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic factors in patients with loco-regionally advanced gastric cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgical Oncology. - London : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7819. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate epidemiologic and prognostic factors relevant to the treatment of loco-regionally advanced gastric cancer (GC).METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-five patients with GC were identified in Uppsala County between 2000 and 2009. Patient records were analyzed for loco-regionally advanced GC defined as tumor with peritoneal involvement, excluding serosal invasion from the primary tumor only, at primary diagnosis or during follow-up. The presence or not of distant metastasis (DM), including hematogenous metastases (e.g., liver, lung, and bone) and/or distant lymph node metastases, was also analyzed. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis of factors influencing survival.RESULTS: One hundred and twenty patients (47% of all patients with GC; median age 70.5 years) had loco-regionally advanced disease, corresponding to an incidence of 3.8 per 100,000 person-years. Forty-one percent of these also had DM. Median overall survival (mOS) from the time of the diagnosis of loco-regionally advanced disease was 4.8 months for the total patient cohort, 5.1 months for the subgroup of patients without DM, and 4.7 months for the subgroup with DM. There was no significant difference in mOS between the subgroups with synchronous versus metachronous loco-regionally advanced GC: 4.8 months (range 0.0-67.4) versus 4.7 months (range 0.0-28.3). Using multivariate Cox analysis, positive prognostic factors for survival were good performance status at diagnosis and treatment with palliative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Synchronous DM was a negative prognostic factor. The mOS did not differ when comparing the time period 2000-2004 (5.1 months, range 0-67.4) with the period 2005-2009 (4.0 months, range 0.0-28.3).CONCLUSION: Peritoneal involvement occurred in almost half of the patients with GC in this study and was associated with short life expectancy. New treatment strategies are warranted.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Hultman, Bengt, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Wastewater treatment : new challenges
- 2010
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Ingår i: Research and application of new technologies in wastewater treatment and municipal solid waste disposal in Ukraine, Sweden and Poland. - 9789174155235 ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Höglund, Linda, 1972-
(författare)
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Discursive practices in strategic entrepeneurship : discourses and the use of repertoires in two firms
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a thesis in marketing concerned with entrepreneurship in established firms and the discursive practices that take place within a perspective of strategic entrepreneurship. The study of discursive practices in this context assumes a concern with how different aspects of entrepreneurship are produced and consumed by people in text and talk. Strategic entrepreneurship can be seen as an organisational form of entrepreneurship. The latest contribution within strategic entrepreneurship tends to focus on opportunities and advantages in organisations as two processes that need to be considered and managed jointly.In this thesis, I have studied the discursive practices of how scholars position strategic entrepreneurship through an enhanced literature review and by means of a close analysis of assumptions made within strategic entrepreneurship, but also by studying two firms and their discursive practices of constructing opportunity and advantage positions. The results have then been analysed with reference to discourse theory and previous research within entrepreneurship based on European traditions that builds on the linguistic turn.By conducting an empirical study of two firms, I have studied discourses in use, and how they are produced by people. In so doing, two main findings emerge in the discussion of the empirical results: 1) Opportunity and advantage positions emerge in social interaction and are co-constructed. 2) Opportunity and advantage positions are constructed by the use of multiple discourses, on different levels of discourse and for different functions. The main purpose of the thesis is to enhance the understanding of entrepreneurship in established firms and the activities labelled as strategic entrepreneurship. In addressing the purpose, seven theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions to research emerge in areas of strategic entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and the enterprising self.
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| 37. |
- Kalibbala, Herbert Mpagi
(författare)
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Application of indigenous materials in drinking water treatment
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Volcanic ash and Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) were investigated as indigenous materials for drinking water treatment based on problems identified at Kampala and Masaka water treatment plants in Uganda. Coagulation experiments were done using swamp raw water at Masaka National Water & Sewerage Corporation water treatment plant and pilot-scale filtration experiments carried out at Ggaba II (Kampala) water treatment plant. The results from the study indicated that there were both operational and design handicaps at the treatment plants in Kampala. There is need to modify the filtration and clarification units to enable production of water meeting both the national and international standards. At Masaka water treatment, there was increase in trihalomethanes concentration as a result of pre-chlorination. Following aeration and pre-chlorination processes, the average increase of total trihalomethanes concentration was over 4000% with over 99% being chloroform. Preliminary results from the jar test experiments indicated that use of alum with MOCSC as coagulant aid is promising as a first stage in the treatment train for waters with a humic materials and high content of iron, typical of swamp water sources. This would probably eliminate the formation of unwanted by-products by eliminating the pre-chlorination process. Assessment of the characteristics of the volcanic ash showed that it meets the requirements for a filtration material; and results obtained from the pilot study showed that it was a suitable alternative material for use in a dual media filtration system. There was an increase in the filter run length of about two and half fold in the dual media filtration column compared to the mono medium column. Both columns produced similar water quality levels. Therefore, conversion of the rapid sand filters at Ggaba and similar water treatment plants in the country to dual media (volcanic ash on top of sand) systems would probably significantly improve the performance of the filtration systems.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Levlin, Erik, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of phosphorus recovery requirements on Swedish sludge management
- 2002
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 46:4-5, s. 435-440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Expected requirements of phosphorus recovery, restrictions on sludge disposal on landfill, and difficulties in obtaining consensus on sludge use on agricultural land has led to several development works in Sweden to change sludge management methods. Especially sludge fractionation has gained interest including following steps to recover products and separate transfer of toxic substances into a small stream. Commercial systems are offered based on technology by Cambi/KREPRO and BioCon and other companies and many other methods are under development. Iron salts are widely used in Sweden as precipitation agents for phosphorus removal and this technology has some disadvantages for phosphorus recovery compared with the use of biological phosphorus removal. The amount of chemicals needed for a KREPRO or a BioCon system was calculated for a treatment plant which has an addition of iron salt resulting in 1,900 mole Fe per tonne DS. The result was compared with the chemical consumption of recovery systems installed at plants with lower use of iron for precipitation. The chemical consumption in equivalents per tonne DS was found to be 5,000 + 6,000 * (molar ratio iron to phosphorus).
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Levlin, Erik, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge : Ideas for further studies to improve leaching
- 2007
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Ingår i: Integration and optimisation of urban sanitation systems. - 9789171788252 ; , s. 61-70
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Development of methods to recover phosphorus will make handling of sewage sludge moresustainable. In earlier studies sludge incineration ash and SCWO-residues have been leached withacid and base. Acid leaching gives a high degree of recovery but releases besides phosphate alsothe main part of other metals (including heavy metals). This gives a large separation problem andgives a complicated process technology. Leaching with base (NaOH) gives a lower degree ofrecovery (up to about 50 %) however with less dissolution of metals. When leaching with base, thecalcium content in the sludge probably binds phosphorus as calcium phosphate.To improve leaching different possibilities can be studied such as use of a two-step leachingprocess. In a first step acid leaching dissolves calcium and magnesium. Treating the leachate withsulphuric acid, calcium sulphate (gypsum) is precipitated and phosphoric acid is obtained.Remaining ash or SCWO-residual product can afterwards be treated by alkaline leaching. Anotheralternative is to study leaching at anaerobic conditions. Since ferrous iron(II) phosphate is moresoluble than ferric iron(III) phosphate the phosphate is more easily dissolved and the heavy metalcontamination will be lower.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Mahjani, Behrang, et al.
(författare)
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The Genetic Architecture of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Contribution of Liability to OCD From Alleles Across the Frequency Spectrum.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The American journal of psychiatry. - : American Psychiatric Association Publishing. - 1535-7228 .- 0002-953X. ; 179:3, s. 216-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is known to be substantially heritable; however, the contribution of genetic variation across the allele frequency spectrum to this heritability remains uncertain. The authors used two new homogeneous cohorts to estimate the heritability of OCD from inherited genetic variation and contrasted the results with those of previous studies.The sample consisted of 2,090 Swedish-born individuals diagnosed with OCD and 4,567 control subjects, all genotyped for common genetic variants, specifically >400,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥0.01. Using genotypes of these SNPs to estimate distant familial relationships among individuals, the authors estimated the heritability of OCD, both overall and partitioned according to MAF bins.Narrow-sense heritability of OCD was estimated at 29% (SE=4%). The estimate was robust, varying only modestly under different models. Contrary to an earlier study, however, SNPs with MAF between 0.01 and 0.05 accounted for 10% of heritability, and estimated heritability per MAF bin roughly followed expectations based on a simple model for SNP-based heritability.These results indicate that common inherited risk variation (MAF ≥0.01) accounts for most of the heritable variation in OCD. SNPs with low MAF contribute meaningfully to the heritability of OCD, and the results are consistent with expectation under the "infinitesimal model" (also referred to as the "polygenic model"), where risk is influenced by a large number of loci across the genome and across MAF bins.
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| 46. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 47. |
- Najar, Nasik, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effective water supply and sanitation
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water supply and sanitation have about the same goals all over the world. The needs for safe water supply and sanitation are obvious although not generally implemented. This depends often on the economical situation and bad management. Additional factors are effects of war actions and natural disasters as flooding of rivers and tsunamis. The strategies are, however, similar independent of the actual conditions. In this paper the strategies as developed in Sweden are described related to practical implementation of technology and management strategies. The experiences have shown on both mistakes and successful handling. Today, Sweden is involved in both adjusting policies according to European Union rules (as EU Water Framework Directive) and also in sharing experiences to facilitate international implementation of cost-effective methods.
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| 48. |
- Nikolic, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical denitrification for nitrogen removal from landfill leachate
- 2005
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 52:10-11, s. 509-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new system that removes nitrogen from landfill leachate and other waste waters with similar properties has been proposed with nitritation (i.e. oxidation of ammonium to nitrite) of half of the influent ammonium followed by chemical denitrification with a reaction between equal amounts of ammonium and nitrite to form nitrogen gas. Chemical denitrification occurs at high concentrations and the reactions were studied in combination with a concentration step. Studied concentration methods were freezing/thawing and evaporation/drying. Chemical denitrification is well-known in inorganic chemistry and has been observed in natural systems. Studies in laboratory were focused on chemical denitrification and showed that nearly complete removal of soluble nitrogen can be obtained in evaporation/drying of water solutions or leachate with equal amounts of ammonium and nitrite. Freezing/drying was less efficient with a removal of about 50-60% at high initial concentrations. Chemical denitrification is much influenced by concentration, pH-value, temperature and some compounds in leachate have an inhibiting effect on the reaction. Factors as safety (ammonium nitrite as a salt is explosive above 60 degrees C) and possible side-reactions as formation of ammonia and nitrogen oxides must be carefully evaluated before use in full-scale. Conductivity is a suitable parameter to follow-up the chemical denitrification process.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Olsson, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Plant Operational Data by a Common Data Base System
- 1985
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Ingår i: Instrumentation and Control of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems : Proceedings of the 4th IAWPRC Workshop Held in Houston and Denver, U.S.A., 27 April – 4 May 1985 - Proceedings of the 4th IAWPRC Workshop Held in Houston and Denver, U.S.A., 27 April – 4 May 1985. - 9780080325910 ; , s. 443-450
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of a common data base system for wastewater treatment operating data evaluation is discussed. Data records from wastewater treatment plants which have been converted into standard files in a common data base are used as a case study. Advanced programs for data analysis and simulation have been used to evaluate the data in the common data base. The paper discusses software standardization problems and some of the typical results which can be obtained in the analysis of plant operational data.
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