| 1. |
- Karhu, Marjaana, et al.
(författare)
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D4.3 Circular Economy and zero waste aspects and business models of production
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This deliverable reports the survey done in SCRREEN project in Task 4.3 relating to environmental trends and CircularEconomy (CE) aspects of CRM production. For each CRM, the Circular Economy aspects were addressed in order to identifythe gaps that limit performance of the processing chains, hinder closing the loop and hinder a zero-waste CRM production.Information on processes, production, solutions and eco-design principles for closing the loop of raw materials in order tosupport the zero-waste point-of-view, resource efficiency and energy efficiency simultaneously were gathered. In addition, theaspects supporting Circular Economy were evaluated trying to resolve the identified challenges. Lastly, the environmentalissues e.g. toxicity related to CRMs production were reviewed.
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| 2. |
- Apel, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Safe-and-sustainable-by-design: State of the art approaches and lessons learned from value chain perspectives
- 2024
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. - Stockholm : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet. - 2452-2236. ; 45, s. 100876-100876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safe-and-sustainable-by-design (SSbD) is central in the European Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability, yet a common understanding of what SSbD is in concept and in practice isstill needed. A comparison of current SSbD descriptions and approaches was made and lessons learned were derived from value chain discussions (packaging, textile, construction,automotive, energy materials, electronics, and fragrances value chains) to help provide input on how to implement SSbD in practice.Five important building blocks were identified:design, data, risk and sustainability governance, competencies, and social and corporate strategic needs. Other lessons learned include the identification of the biggest safety andsustainability challenges in a lifecycle-thinking approach towards the development of purpose-driven innovations, and connecting trans-disciplinary experts to the innovation process, already from the early phases. A clear understanding of what SSbD is and how to implement the SSbD framework is needed with clear procedures and incentives to support the industrial sector, especially SMEs.
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| 3. |
- Nikkanen, Juha-Pekka, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of carbon nanotubes on FexOy doped Al2O3-ZrO2 nanopowder
- 2014
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Ingår i: Powder Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-5910. ; 266, s. 106-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized on liquid flame sprayed (LFS) powder substrate of iron oxide doped Al2O3-ZrO2. Iron oxide doped Al2O3-ZrO2 nanopowder was produced by injecting the liquid precursor of aluminium-isopropoxide, zirconium-n-propoxide, ferrocene and p-xylene into a high temperature (similar to 3000 K) flame. The precursor solution was atomized by high-velocity H-2 flow and injected into the flame where nanopartides were formed. The collected sample was used as a substrate material for the synthesis of CNTs. The CNTs were formed on the surfaces of the substrate powder by catalyzed decomposition of CH4. The particle morphology, size, phase composition and the nature of CNTs were determined by TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, XPS, Mossbauer and Raman spectroscopy. The collected powder consists of micron-sized agglomerates with nanosized primary particles. Tetragonal zirconia was detected while alumina was amorphous. In the carbonized sample multiwalled CNTs were obtained. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Non-destructive evaluation of corrosion in steel liner plates embedded in concrete using nonlinear ultrasonics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - 0950-0618. ; 408:8 December 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear containment structures employ a leak-tight steel liner to avoid any unwanted particle release into the exterior environment. The steel liner can be embedded in concrete which creates large continuous areas where the steel plate is in direct contact with surrounding concrete. The impact of the aging of concrete structures due to the presence of structural discontinuities, such as the presence of foreign matter and a delamination gap at the embedded steel-concrete interface, is investigated for small laboratory-scale specimens manufactured with a novel inlay technique by nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation. A Total Damage Index (TDI) which combines several parameters related to acoustic wave distortion into a single damage index to rank the specimens is introduced. The findings in this work indicate that severe corrosion, the presence of foreign matter, and delamination gap in the steel-concrete interface can be detected using nonlinear ultrasonic techniques based on higher-harmonic analysis and modulation intensity using continuous ultrasonic probe excitation and an impactor to modulate the signal. The results obtained using the TDI are consistent with attenuation, a conventional parameter used in corrosion detection.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Yue, Xiaoqi, et al.
(författare)
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Penetration of corrosive species into copper exposed to simulated O 2 -free groundwater by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ToF-SIMS analysis of copper samples after exposures to simulated groundwater with and without sulfide addition was performed to investigate the penetration of corrosive species containing H, S, O, and Cl, into copper. Depth profiles show extent of penetration and 2D/3D images reveal local elemental distribution of the corrosive species at different depths inside copper. Pre-oxidation did not reduce the penetration while sulfide additional in groundwater and exposure at 60 °C significantly promoted the penetration. The extent of penetration of the corrosive species into copper demonstrates the need for risk assessment of complex corrosion forms such as sulfide-induced embrittlement and cracking.
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