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- Larsson, Gerry, Professor, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Leader development using group dynamic interventions : a systematic literature review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Psychologist. - : Scandinavian Psychologist. - 1894-5570 .- 1894-5570. ; 5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This literature review aimed to synthesize the existing research on group dynamic interventions that are designed to enhance individual leadership development in organisations. Such interventions are typically intended to help leaders learn about both themselves and interpersonal relationships. A systematic mixed studies literature review with an integrated design was undertaken. The selection process resulted in nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. The scarcity of studies means that no reliable conclusion could be drawn on the sizes of effects and, thus, whether group dynamic interventions are effective or not. Given this situation, four tendencies could still be identified. First, interventions involving practical skills (e.g., problem-solving techniques) appear to be effective. Second, interventions focusing on inner processes (e.g., self-awareness, self-acceptance, and sensitivity to group processes) appear to have some favourable effects. Third, little evidence was found regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving leaders’ interpersonal skills. Fourth, identified enablers and neutralizers include group characteristics, facilitator qualities, intervention goals and focus, a safe climate, and opportunities for practice. The lack of evidence regarding effectiveness does not mean that group dynamic interventions are ineffective. It means only that more research is necessary to evaluate this type of developmental intervention.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Gerry, Professor, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Moral stress and coping : Relationship with long-term postitive reactions and PTSD indication in military personnel
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ethics & behavior. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1050-8422 .- 1532-7019. ; 33:8, s. 672-683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the relationship between moral stress reactions and resulting coping efforts in severely morally challenging situations. Long-term positive reactions and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicators following morally challenging situations are also studied. The sample consisted of cadets and officers (n = 332) from Norway and Sweden. Long-term positive reactions were found to be associated with limited moral stress reactions during the challenging episode and frequent use of acceptance and positive reappraisal coping strategies. Long-term high scores on a PTSD indicator scale covaried with high scores on Openness, a strong moral stress reaction, and frequent use of instrumental coping strategies. The main conclusion is that the immediate moral stress reaction and coping strategies following morally challenging situations appear to be related to both positive long-term reactions and to indicators of PTSD.
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- Larsson, Gerry, Professor, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Stress reactions following acute situations involving moral challenges among health care professionals
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 59:2, s. 177-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many health care professionals have to make morally difficult decisions during acute, stressful situations. The aim was to explore the applicability of an existing qualitatively developed model of individual reactions among professional first responders following such situations using a quantitative approach. According to the model, the interaction of antecedent individual and contextual characteristics affect the immediate emotional reactions to acute, stressful events involving a moral dilemma. Continuous coping efforts and the quality of social support will also affect the long‐term positive and negative reactions to the event. The participants (n = 204, about 50% response rate) represented three Swedish health care professions stationed at a university hospital and a regional hospital: Physicians (n = 50), nurses (n = 94) and “others” (n =60, mainly social welfare officers and assistant nurses). Except for the personality dimension emotional stability which was measured using an established instrument, all measurement scales were operationalizations of codes and categories from the qualitative study (ten scales altogether). Four multiple regression analyses were performed with long‐term positive and negative reactions in everyday acute and morally extremely taxing situations respectively as dependent variables. The outcome showed that long‐term positive reactions covaried with much use of the coping strategies Emotional distancing and Constructive emotional confrontation and a perception of a well‐functioning Formal social support. Regarding long‐term negative reactions, higher age and little use of Emotional distancing accounted for much of the variance. Immediate emotional reactions also contributed significantly. Conclusion: the results largely supported the model concepts and their assumed relationships.
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| 6. |
- Larsson, Gerry, Professor, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Testutveckling med personlighetspsykologiskt fokus : En litteraturstudie
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten summerar en inledande litteraturstudie inom ett av Försvarsmakten beställt forskningsprojekt benämnt ”Testutveckling med personlighetspsykologiskt fokus”. Den övergripande frågeställningen har formulerats som:- Hur kan mätinstrument (tester och/eller intervjuguider) avseende personlighetspsykologiskt orienterade bakomliggande faktorer utvecklas, prövas och implementeras för: (1) destruktiva ledarbeteenden, (2) ledares informella ”political skills” (3) ledares containerförmåga, samt (4) militära kontextrelaterade aspekter av emotionell stabilitet. Under delprojektets inledande år (2019) genomfördes denna litteraturstudie.Resultatet redovisas med följande rubriker under vart och ett av de tre förstnämnda områdena: Vad är det? – definitioner; Vilka konsekvenser får det; och Vilka bakomliggande faktorer kan identifieras, med särskilt fokus på personlighetspsykologiska? Området ”militära kontextrelaterade aspekter av emotionell stabilitet” befinner sig redan på den personlighetspsykologiska nivån och här presenteras delaspekter av emotionell stabilitet liksom relaterade psykologiska förhållanden.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Sofia, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership and Moral Stress : Individual reaction patterns among first responders in acute situations that involve moral stressors
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Trauma & Treatment. - 2167-1222. ; 4, s. 261-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to gain a deeper understanding of individual reaction patterns among professional first responders (emergency treatment, military officers, and police officers) during and after acute situations that involve moral stressors in combination with cumulative stress. Swedish and Norwegian informants within these professional groups were interviewed (n=37). Data were analyzed according to a grounded theory approach. A model was developed according to which long-term effects following such stress exposure depends on the character of the continued everyday living. In particular, the frequency and intensity of perceived daily hassles and uplifts is important. Cognitivebehavioral aspects are discussed to prevent and/or reduce negative long-term reactions.
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| 9. |
- Thielen, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Frames of the terrorist attack in Sweden : a qualitative study of true and fake news coverage
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1471-4825 .- 1741-5071. ; 15:3, s. 205-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 7 April 2017, a terrorist attack occurred in central Stockholm. A hijacked lorry was intentionally driven into crowds along a pedestrian street. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore how the media framed this terrorist attack. The data collection approach was inductive and explorative, mainly involving searching electronic media databases. The qualitative analysis of 1294 articles resulted in four overarching themes describing how the terrorist attack was framed in the media. These frames are as follows: the incident, framed as confirmed, unconfirmed and denied information; the perception of leadership and authorities as trustworthy; the site perceived as a place of sorrow; and crisis management framed as the initial and sequential framing of the professionals, the heroes and the villains. The primary conclusion is that true as well as fake news affects crisis management and public opinion, which may create challenges for the entire society within the crisis management area.
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| 12. |
- Hyllengren, Peder, 1979-
(författare)
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Military Leaders' Adaptability in Unexpected Situations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Military Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0899-5605 .- 1532-7876. ; 29:4, s. 245-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates adaptability among lower-level military leaders in unexpected threatening situations. Two studies were performed. In the first, a grounded theory approach was used, and 16 Swedish officers and soldiers with experience from international peacekeeping operations were interviewed. A model was developed based on the results. In Study 2, the model concepts from Study 1 were operationalized into a questionnaire and data was obtained from 102 respondents from the Swedish Armed Forces who had recently served in Afghanistan. Based on Study 1, the model suggests that the key aspects of adaptive leadership in such circumstances are 2 balancing acts. One is how subordinates handle structure/following rules versus their own initiatives/freedom of action. The other concerns the balance between individual decision making versus group input. Both are affected by availability of time, resulting in a favorable/unfavorable outcome. The hypotheses from Study 1 were partly confirmed in Study 2.
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| 13. |
- Ranstorp, Magnus, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Between Salafism and Salafi-Jihadism : Influence and Challenges for Swedish Society
- 2019
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This study examines the influence from salafi and salafi-jihadist milieus inSweden and the interactions between these different forms. This executivesummary focuses on the evolution of salafi-jihadis milieus in Sweden andsurrounding salafi elements; messages from these milieus; their methods forinfluence and the impact on local communities in Sweden.
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| 14. |
- Ranstorp, Magnus, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Mellan salafism och salafistisk jihadism : Påverkan mot och utmaningar för det svenska samhället
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna studie undersöker påverkan från salafistiska och salafist-jihaditiska miljöer i Sverige samt relationendem emellan. Fokus läggs på framväxten av salafist-jihadistiska miljöer i Sverige samt omgärdande salafistiskaelement; vilka budskap miljöerna förmedlar, metoder för påverkan samt vilken upplevd påverkan miljöerna hari svenska lokalsamhällen.Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB) har beställt och finansierat genomförandet av dennaforskningsrapport (alt. studierapport). Författarna är ensamma ansvariga för rapportens innehåll.
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