| 1. |
- Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
An on-road study of sleepiness in split shifts among city bus drivers
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 114, s. 71-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bus drivers often work irregular hours or split shifts and their work involves high levels of stress. These factors can lead to severe sleepiness and dangerous driving. This study examined how split shift working affects sleepiness and performance during afternoon driving. An experiment was conducted on a real road with a specially equipped regular bus driven by professional bus drivers.The study had a within-subject design and involved 18 professional bus drivers (9 males and 9 females) who drove on two afternoons; one on a day in which they had driven early in the morning (split shift situation) and one on a day when they had been off duty until the test (afternoon shift situation). The hypothesis tested was that split shifts contribute to sleepiness during afternoon, which can increase the safety risks. The overall results supported this hypothesis. In total, five of the 18 drivers reached levels of severe sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale ≥8) with an average increase in KSS of 1.94 when driving in the afternoon after working a morning shift compared with being off duty in the morning. This increase corresponded to differences observed between shift workers starting and ending a night shift. The Psychomotor Vigilance Task showed significantly increased response time with split shift working (afternoon: 0.337. s; split shift 0.347. s), as did the EEG-based Karolinska Drowsiness Score mean/max. Blink duration also increased, although the difference was not significant. One driver fell asleep during the drive. In addition, 12 of the 18 bus drivers reported that in their daily work they have to fight to stay awake while driving at least 2-4 times per month. While there were strong individual differences, the study clearly showed that shift-working bus drivers struggle to stay awake and thus countermeasures are needed in order to guarantee safe driving with split shift schedules.
|
|
| 2. |
- Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Bussförares arbetstider kopplat till trötthet
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bussförare i kollektivtrafiken har ofta oregelbundna arbetstider och en arbetssituation som kan innebära hög stress. Dessa faktorer kan leda till allvarlig trötthet. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur arbetstiden påverkar sömn, stress, trötthet och körförmåga. Projektet omfattar fyra delstudier: enkätstudie, sömndagböcker och aktigrafi, analys av schemaläggning och ett experiment på riktig väg med bussförare. Hypoteserna var att tidiga morgonturer, delade skift, långa arbetsdagar och få timmars vila mellan arbetspassen bidrar till trötthet, stress och nedsatt körförmåga, som tillsammans kan leda till en sämre säkerhet. De övergripande resultaten stödjer dessa hypoteser. Generellt sett upplevs sömnighet och trötthet under körning som ett problem eftersom förarna anser att detta innebär nedsatt körförmåga, vilket ökar risken för incidenter och olyckor. Totalt 45 procent av förarna hade minst två gånger i månaden svårt att hålla sig vakna när de kör buss och 19 procent hade under det senaste decenniet varit inblandade i en incident där trötthet varit en bidragande orsak. Experimentet med delade skift med tidig start på morgonen stöder dessa rön. Rapporten avslutas med en lista med förslag.
|
|
| 3. |
- Anund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Factors associated with self-reported driver sleepiness and incidents in city bus drivers
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Industrial Health. - : National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. - 0019-8366 .- 1880-8026. ; 54:4, s. 337-346
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver fatigue has received increased attention during recent years and is now considered to be a major contributor to approximately 15-30% of all crashes. However, little is known about fatigue in city bus drivers. It is hypothesized that city bus drivers suffer from sleepiness, which is due to a combination of working conditions, lack of health and reduced sleep quantity and quality.The overall aim with the current study is to investigate if severe driver sleepiness, as indicated by subjective reports of having to fight sleep while driving, is a problem for city based bus drivers in Sweden and if so, to identify the determinants related to working conditions, health and sleep which contribute towards this. The results indicate that driver sleepiness is a problem for city bus drivers, with 19% having to fight to stay awake while driving the bus 2-3 times each week or more and nearly half experiencing this at least 2-4 times per month. In conclusion, severe sleepiness, as indicated by having to fight sleep during driving, was common among the city bus drivers. Severe sleepiness correlated with fatigue related safety risks, such as near crashes.
|
|
| 4. |
- Arvidsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Visions of Future News - Consensus or Conflict?
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 25th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS). - : IRIS. ; , s. 25-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The move from print to multimedia will cause changes not only to the form of the news service but also the involved processes in the news organizations. The cooperative scenario building technique is used on a number of groups; end-users, management and media professionals to envisioning the news services of the future. We take the perspective of consensus and conflict to illustrate the identified visions. Firstly, we illuminate conflicts and consensus between the groups, regarding their visions and future use scenarios. Secondly, we show the implications of using the cooperative scenariobuilding technique in relation the consensus and conflict perspectives in cooperative design. We conclude that both consensus and conflicts could be found in the scenarios described in the paper and that the cooperative technique was suitable in this context.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Combining Actor Network Theory and Genre Theory to Understand the Evolution of Digital genres
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the JAIS Theory Development Workshop. Sprouts Working Papers on Information Systems. - Amsterdam : Sprouts Alliance. ; 8:20, s. 36-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we argue that a combination of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Genre Theory can constitute a theoretical framework for understanding how digital genres evolve. Genre theory states that genres evolve over time through reciprocal interaction between institutionalized practices and individual action; that they develop from actors’ responses to recurrent situations, and are shaped around characteristics as content, form, functionality and purpose. Genres emerge out of practice and at the same time they shape that practice. While genre theory can describe the characteristics of a genre, it cannot handle the process of how a genre is formed and what powers and forces are involved in this shaping process. In order to address this problem, several authors have incorporated structuration theory into genre analysis. However, structuration theory can only catch these constitutional processes of genre in a very broad manner. As a genre is evolving and stabilizing over time in interplay with different actors, it goes beyond what is possible to explain only by means of structuration theory. Instead, ANT could work as a tool to capture the process of how a genre takes form in negotiations with different stakeholders. In this paper we discuss how genre theory and ANT can be combined in a framework for analyzing emerging genres. We apply this theoretical framework on an e-newspaper project that embodies a new genre in the making. We will here show how evolving genre characteristics are developed, formed and stabilized in a negotiation and struggle between the involved actors when they translate their interests in ways that finally are resulting in a new genre.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
-
A Milieu for Innovation : Defining Living Labs
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Stimulating recovery. - New York : ISPIM. - 9789522148643 - 9522148644 ; , s. 12-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new trend of user involvement in open innovation processes has emerged. Concurring with this trend the Living Lab concept has been re-vitalized. This concept has attracted attention lately, but there exist no coherent view. In this paper we discuss and define the concept and propose five key components and five key principles for Living Labs based on experiences from over 30 development and research projects within two Living Labs, Botnia Living Lab and Halmstad Living Lab. The key components are: ICT & Infrastructure; Management; Partners & Users; Research; and Approach. The key principles are: Openness; Influence; Realism; Value; and Sustainability. Our proposed definition of a Living Lab is: A Living Lab is a user-centric innovation milieu built on every-day practice and research, with an approach that facilitates user influence in open and distributed innovation processes engaging all relevant partners in real-life contexts, aiming to create sustainable values.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
-
A Model for Reflective Participatory Design : The Role of Participation, Voice and Space
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 21st Americas Conference on Information Systems. - : Americas Conference on Information Systems. - 9780996683104
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to contribute to the participatory tradition in health informatics by presenting a model for reflective participatory design emerging from qualitative fieldwork in a participatory project aimed to improve the health and wellbeing of older people in the northern periphery regions of Europe, through new mobile services. The model brings together two established processes in novel ways: systems development and user participation. Within each process three concepts are presented to facilitate discussion and reflection at the concept level, the process level and the integrated process level.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Places and Spaces - Their Influence on Innovation Milieus and Innovation Processes
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2015 ISPIM Conference in Budapest, June 14-17. - : International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intensified and matured use of internet-based technologies aimed to facilitate development and innovation are increasingly characterized by a mixture of physical and digital locations; commonly referred to as places and spaces. The aim of this paper was therefore to identify different types of places and spaces central for the innovation milieus and processes of Living Lab projects, illustrate their impact on both process and results, and develop guidelines for space that can be designed in order to facilitate value-driven and democratized innovation. Based on a literature review and a cross case analyses different aspects of space, relevant for Innovation and Living Lab studies, have been identified: 1) local-global; 2) physical and digital, and 3) private-public. In the paper we focus on these concepts as tools for understanding present day innovation and we examples of how digital technology has influenced placement and permeability in relation to place and space.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
-
Places and Spaces within Living Labs
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Technology Innovation Management Review. - Ottawa, ON : Carleton University. - 1927-0321. ; 5:12, s. 37-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we propose the concepts of places and spaces as conceptual tools to facilitate the organization of innovation activities within living labs. We have taken a pragmatic perspective on these concepts regarding how they are integrated in design situations, and how different types of places and spaces can facilitate or hinder innovation. We have found that, by applying openness, realism, and influence in the different spaces of our living lab milieus, they have transformed into many different places depending on the stakeholders involved, the methods chosen, and the facilitation of activities. Hence, by understanding this line of reasoning, living lab managers can make more informed decisions and plans for innovation activities.
|
|
| 10. |
- Crowston, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction to genres in communication and digital documents minitrack
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - Washington, DC : IEEE Computer Society. - 1530-1605.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rhetoricians since Aristotle have attempted to classify communications into categories or "genres" with similar form, topic or purpose. Given a socially recognized need to communicate, individuals will typically express similar social motives, themes and topics in a communication with similar physical and linguistic characteristics, that is, they will communicate in a recognized genre.
|
|
| 11. |
- Ebbesson, Esbjörn, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
A User Driven Design Approach to Creating UGC Services – Challenging the Newspaper Industry
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Human Interface and the Management of Information Information and Interaction Design. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642392085 - 9783642392092 ; , s. 187-196
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a user driven approach to creating user generated content services together with newspaper representatives and researchers in a Living Lab setting. Two cases are discussed, one with creating city district blogs and one with creating a site for un-employed youth. In each case both situated and distributed design activities were conducted, and the paper discusses the challenges with this approach. As the newspaper industry traditionally designs their services in-house from their own ideas and thereafter tests them with their readers, a user driven approach by readers was very challenging. However, the newspaper representatives also found it rewarding to embrace their ideas. The participating readers were very active in the situated activities but only a few continued the same activity online. The paper concludes by proposing a model for how to view the changing role of a researcher or facilitator in these types of setting. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
|
|
| 12. |
- Ebbesson, Esbjörn, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Co-creating Innovative UGC Services with the Media Industry
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - Piscataway : IEEE Press. - 9781467359337 - 9781509056460 - 9780769548920 - 9781467359337 ; , s. 3057-3066
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we identify challenges of involving different stakeholders in distributed co-creative open innovation processes and discuss how these challenges can be handled. In the LoCoMedia project, researchers, newspaper representatives and readers/users have co-created innovative user generated content (UGC) services. With a Living Lab approach with the user in focus in a real life setting, we have experimented with different ways of involving different stakeholders in nine experimental UGC projects. The study concludes that careful recruitment, face to face meetings as a compliment to online activities, heterogeneous participant groups, feedback and careful selection of a flexible online platform is important aspects for involving different stakeholders in co-creating innovative processes. © 2012 IEEE.
|
|
| 13. |
- Eliason, Emma
(författare)
-
Value awareness in web site design
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to develop knowledge about value-awareness in website design. To achieve the aim - this thesis investigates values in thedesign of Swedish municipality web sites through a perspective ofinherited values. It covers the designer perspectives’ intentions andreasons as well as user experiences and expectations. Value awarenessis influenced by theories where values and the creation of meaning arefocused. E.g., theories about: Genres; Use quality; Value sensitivedesign. The design process is seen as a decision process, wherequestions about prioritization of values have been considered.The study yields four main contributions. 1) A reflective concept ofvalue awareness; 2) Knowledge about genre-related design effects byusing the perspective of inherited values; 3) A method for value awareweb design; and 4) A guide to design by example. The empirical studyis a contribution for practical web site design for municipalities.A conclusion made in the study is that the perspective of inheritedvalues contributes to reflections on website design in several differentways. The perspective makes it possible to detect effects of designdecisions and it supports the identification of different designexamples which can be used to discuss design priorities,communicated values, and design effects. This study has shown that itis important to be value aware in web site design. Inspiration fromother designs, leads to inheritance of value prioritizations. Elements ofthe design process, such as technical and organizational arrangementsconvey prioritizations made elsewhere at earlier stages. These factorscreate expectations and experiences that might not be appropriate inthe context in which the web site is intended.
|
|
| 14. |
- Eriksen, Lars Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
Evolution of the Web News Genre - The Slow Move Beyond the Print Metaphor
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd annual Hawaii international conference on System sciences, January 4-7, 2000, Manui, Hawaii. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769504930 ; , s. 3014-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on repetitive visits to three Scandinavian newspaper organizations, this paper presents trajectories of evolution for three Scandinavian news sites from 1996to 1999. Genre awareness is an explanation of how usersand designers create and maintain web site awareness beyond the individual site. In the paper genre iselaborated in terms of content, form and rationale. From the data it is concluded that web news by 1999 possess characteristics that makes it distinctive from print mediaand web news sites from 1996. The immediacy of the web affords the provision of news in a continuous pattern similar to “live” reporting. Primary content of web newsis hard news that affords users to visit news sites throughout the day in order to stay informed. In comparison to print media, the web genre has introduced composites to support the users in overview, navigation and browsing of the content of a news site.
|
|
| 15. |
- Eriksen, Lars Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
In the path of the pioneers : longitudinal study of web news genre
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 22nd Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS 22). - Jyväskylä : University of Jyväskylä. - 9513905128 - 9789513905125 ; , s. 289-304
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on repetitive visits to three Scandinavian Newspaper organizations, this paper presents an analysis of the evolution of the web news genre from 96 to 99. Genre awareness is an explanation of how users and designers create and maintain web site awareness beyond the individual site. In the paper genre is elaborated in terms of content, form, rationale and work. From the data it is concluded that web news by 99 possess characteristics that makes it distinctive from print media and web news sites from 96. The immediacy of the web affords the provision of news in a continuous pattern similar to “live” reporting. Primary content of web news is hard news that affords users to visit news sites throughout the day to stay informed. In comparison to print media, the web genre has introduced composites to support the users in navigating and browsing the content of a news site. Internal resistance towards new media has been reduced from 96 to 99 as a consequence of increased competition in the web media.
|
|
| 16. |
- Eriksen, Lars Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
News : From product to service
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Planet Internet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144013523 ; , s. 87-112
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Fors, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Symboler i vägbanan : en sammanställning av gällande regelverk i Danmark, Finland, Norge, Sverige, Nederländerna, Storbritannien och Tyskland
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna studie har syftat till att sammanställa befintliga regelverk och riktlinjer för användandet av symboler i vägbanan i de nordiska länderna Danmark, Finland, Norge och Sverige samt i Nederländerna, Storbritannien och Tyskland. Dessutom har en mindre litteraturstudie genomförts för att undersöka vilka dokumenterade kunskaper regelverken baseras på. Symboler i vägbanan används på liknande sätt i de sju studerade länderna. I stor utsträckning saknas det dock dokumenterade kunskaper och forskning om hur symbolerna ska se ut. Det borde därför finnas utrymme för att standardisera symbolerna inom Norden, vilket skulle kunna ge ett mer enhetligt intryck där trafikanterna känner igen och förstår informationen, samtidigt som utläggningen av symbolerna skulle kunna förenklas. Sammanfattningsvis kan konstateras att, från hastighetssynpunkt, primärt följande symboler skulle kunna vara av intresse att standardisera inom Norden vad gäller användning, utformning och mått:körfältspilarpilar för körfältsbyteväjningspliktstopplikthastighetsbegränsningvägnummer
|
|
| 19. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Audience of Local Online Newspapers in Sweden, Slovakia and Spain - a comparative study
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proccedings of HCI International 2003. - London : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ; , s. 749-753, s. 749-753
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since a new online audience for local newspapers has emerged during the last years, in response to the growth of the Internet, we need to know who they are, what their reading habits are, and what their view on emerging technologies are, to be able to design good online newspapers. We have conducted a study using online questionnaires at three local online newspapers in three different countries: Sweden, Slovakia and Spain. The objective of this paper is to describe the differences and similarities between the three countries regarding audience profiles, scenarios of use, opinions of current and future issues and to discuss design implications.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
E-business adoption by SMEs : prerequisites and attitudes of SMEs in a Swedish network
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce. - Basingstoke : Taylor & Francis. - 1091-9392 .- 1532-7744. ; 13:3-4, s. 211-223
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The context for this research is the transformation process of small and medium-sized enterprises from traditional businesses toward e-businesses and the accompanying development of the knowledge and competence among employees. SMEs constitute a great part of the Swedish industry and economy. This and the fact that they have special prerequisites concerning human and technology resources makes SMEs an interesting research focus when looking at the transformation process toward e-business. The aim of this research is to investigate SMEs with the purpose of designing, implementing, and evaluating information technology-supported activities that will allow SMEs to approach e-business. This article presents results from parts of an ongoing study, that involves seven SMEs. This study will be conducted in two main phases: first, informative and preparatory activities and second, business transformation and competence development activities. The underlying prerequisites for SMEs as well as the research approach are described. A working model is presented that illustrates stages of maturity for taking an enterprise toward e-business. The last sections present the research design, that is, planning, actions, observations, and reflections of the study up until now.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Genre Evolution - a Framework for Online Newspapers
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The online newspapers entered the Internet in the mid-nineties and since then it has become moreand more common to read the news online. There is a long tradition of designing newspapers inprint and today there is a demand from both academics and practitioners for more knowledgeabout how to design user friendly news sites. By studying the evolution of the online newspapergenre it would be possible to suggest layout implications for further development within thegenre. In this paper we suggest a framework, applying genre theory, for identifying the stages ofevolution for online newspapers. In view of a page layout analysis of the front pages of 85Swedish online newspapers our framework extends Shepherd and Watters (1998) cybergenremodel by adding a fifth leaf node and elucidating the distinctions between the leaf nodes. Ourempirical results show that the online newspaper genre in Sweden is a heterogeneous genre withonline newspapers in different stages of evolution. We have identified and categorized all contentelements on the front pages and related them to form and functionality elements and positionedthem according to a columns and sections grid. By drawing on best practice due to occurrence wehave suggested some initial layout implications for further development within the onlinenewspaper genre.
|
|
| 24. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Introducing the e-Newspaper:Identifying Initial Target Groups
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Media Business Studies. ; 4:3, s. 41-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how audience groups differ with respect to the adoption of new media services. The authors expand the existing framework of early adopters, which is heavily directed towards the technological aspects of a product, by including users that are more interested in the social and content-related aspects of media services. The objective is to identify and explore important audience groups that can be used as initial target groups for the introduction of the enewspaper (a newspaper published on e-paper technology). Data was collected from in total 2976 respondents at the web sites of three Swedish newspapers.
|
|
| 25. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
IT-companies : Playgrounds or Serious Businesses?
- 2000
-
Ingår i: IRIS 23 – doing IT together 12-15 August, 2000, at Lingatan, Sweden. - Uddevalla : Laboratorium for Interaction Technology, University of Trollhättan/Uddevalla. ; , s. 1605-1616
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 26. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Local Swedish Newspapers Approaching e-Business?
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Technology interactions. - Berlin : VWF. - 3897003570 ; , s. 81-91
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most Swedish newspapers have experienced receding advertising revenues during the last years and are now searching for new ways to profit from their online editions. We have conducted three future workshops with both management and end users to envision possible new services that could be profitable for the local newspapers. Furthermore we have conducted an online survey with users selected from a previous study. The objective of this paper is to describe these services and to give a user response to them. We have identified three kinds of services: advertisement services, intermediary services and news services. The results show that the end users preferred the intermediary services and that there is an interest for advertisements in a new setting.
|
|
| 27. |
- Ihlström, Carina
(författare)
-
Local Swedish Online Newspapers in Trouble? : New Services and New Roles
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Succeeding in the new waves of e-business. - Hong Kong : City University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Business.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As the initial excitement over web publishing enters a more realistic phase many in the newspaper industry are beginning to ask hard questions about business models and economic success for their online newspaper ventures. Managers and editors-inchief at nine local newspapers in Sweden have been interviewed. One of the things they have in common is an expressed need for profiting from their online newsservices. 153 users of the news services of these nine newspapers have also been interviewed in order to get their view of possible new e-services. The objective of this paper is to describe the visions regarding the future from the newspaper managers’ point of view and the perceptions of the users regarding future e-services. The result show that the news sites are mainly financed by their media organizations and no one is profiting from their news sites today. The future plans of deepened news services and intermediary services were found interesting by about 20% of the users. More than 43% of the users considered themselves willing to pay for searchable archives.
|
|
| 28. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Myths and reality of electronic commerce barriers for SMES?
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Issues and trends of information technology management in contemporary organizations. - Hershey : Idea Group Publishing. - 1930708394 ; , s. 282-284
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we look into earlier empirical research on the barriers to electronic commerce (EC) for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We look into research conducted in the context of information and communications technologies (ICT) in general, as well as EDI and Internet based EC. We divide the barriers, inhibitors or factors slowing down the diffusion of new technologies found in literature into those internal to an organization, and those imposed by external forces. The basic premise of this paper is, that technologies advance or change, but the barriers for SMEs to adopt them do not.
|
|
| 29. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Online Newspapers : A Preliminary Study of Users' Demographics, Experiences and Habits
- 2001
-
Ingår i: IRIS 24 : proceedings of the 24th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia : Ulvik, Norway, 11-14 August 2001. - Bergen : Department of Information Science, Univ. of Bergen. - 8273540723 ; , s. 519-532
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online newspapers and their audience are explored in this paper. Based upon an online questionnaire at four Swedish newspapers with a sample of more than 3800 answers collected, the paper presents some users’ experiences of the online newspapers. The paper reports on the users regarding age, gender and location. Reading frequency and reading habits are explored as well. The findings show that almost two thirds of the respondents are men and almost 65% are in the ages between 21-40. Almost two thirds of the respondents do not read the online newspaper in any specific order, and more than 80% prefer the paper edition of the newspaper. Several findings regarding navigation purposes were found and the paper also discusses the navigation and search aspects of the news sites.
|
|
| 30. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Online Newspapers in Search for Profitable Services
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Challenges and Achievements in E-business and E-work. - Washington : IOS Press. - 9781586032845 - 1586032844 ; , s. 1455-1462, s. 1455-1462
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today online newspapers are putting a lot of resources into their news sites without profiting from them. They have to find ways to gain from them in order to keep them going. Lately there has been a move from print to multimedia, i.e. news is only a part among other services at the news sites and is presented as audio and video as well. We have conducted interviews at nine local newspapers in Sweden about their current situation and future plans. We have also used a cooperative scenario building technique aiming at finding new online services that could be profitable with both newspaper management and end users. The objective of this paper is to describe the current situation for these newspapers and to discuss possible new future services. Examples of services from the workshops are e.g. advertisement on demand and intermediary services.
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Revenues for Online Newspapers : Owner and User Perceptions
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Electronic Markets. - London : Routledge. - 1019-6781 .- 1422-8890. ; 12:4, s. 228-236
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The newspaper industry faces hard questions about business models and economic success for their online newspaper ventures. Managers, editors-in-chief and designers at nine local newspapers in Sweden were interviewed. In addition, semi-structured interviews with 153 users/readers of the news services of these nine newspapers were also conducted. The analysis reveals differences in digital news product content and revenue generation. The paper suggests a new business model for digital news products that includes content-based revenue generation through personalization, archiving and versioning, approaches to advertising that involve more highly targeted market intermediation, and non-news activities covering advertisers and information brokerage. Results suggest that management and users agree on the importance of archives, personalized and deep news content, and a role for the newspaper as intermediary. However, users are not willing to pay for increased multimedia or an e-commerce site sponsored by the news site.
|
|
| 33. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
SME Barriers to Electronic Commerce Adoption : Nothing Changes - Everything is New
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Managing IT in government business & communities. - : Hershey, PA : IRM Press. - 1931777403 ; , s. 147-163
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we look into earlier empirical research on the barriers to electronic commerce (EC) adoption and diffusion for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We explore research conducted in the context of information and communications technologies (ICT) in general, as well as EDI and Internet based EC. What we are interested in is whether these barriers are something new created by the new wave of Internet based technologies. We divide the barriers, inhibitors or factors slowing down the diffusion of new technologies found in previous literature into those internal to an organization, and those imposed by external forces. The basic premise of this chapter is, that technologies advance or change, but the barriers for SMEs to adopt them do not. The authors hope that understanding this will help researchers, small companies and policy makers to move on and do something active to reduce such barriers.
|
|
| 34. |
- Ihlström, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
SMEBIZ : Transforming t-Business to e-Business
- 2000
-
Ingår i: IRIS 23 : Doing IT together 12-15 August, 2000, at Lingatan, Sweden. - Uddevalla : Laboratorium for Interaction Technology, University of Trollhättan/Uddevalla. ; , s. 835-843
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The context for this research is the organizational process of transforming small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME) from traditional (t-) business to e-business and the accompanying development of the knowledge and competence among amployees. The aim of this research is to investigate SMEs with the purpose of designing, implementing and evaluating IT-supported activities that will allow SMEs to approach e-business.
|
|
| 35. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
The Audience of Swedish Local Online Newspapers : - a Longitudinal Study
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Technology interactions. - Berlin : VWF. ; , s. 92-102, s. 92-102
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have conducted a partly longitudinal study using online questionnaires at four Swedish local online newspapers in two different studies. The objective of this paper is to describe the users’ demographics and reading habits as well as the users’ expectations of current and future issues regarding the online edition. We also discuss online questionnaires having tried three different approaches to receive as many answers as possible. We have found that the subscribing readers of online editions have increased from one forth to more than a half of the audience, and concluded that the subscribers and nonsubscribers have different reading habits. The findings also show that almost two thirds of the respondents are men and more than 80% prefer the paper edition of the newspaper. The results indicate an interest for a multimedia paper edition for the future.
|
|
| 36. |
- Ihlström, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
The Online News Genre through the User Perspective
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769518745 ; , s. 1-10
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online newspapers, having existed on the Internet for acouple of years, are now having similar form and content,starting to shape what could be called a genre. We have analyzed the news sites of nine Swedish local newspapers using a repertoire of genre elements consisting ofnavigation elements, landmarks, news streams, headlines,search/archives and advertisements. We have alsointerviewed 153 end users at these newspapers. Theobjective of this paper is to describe the user’s perspective of the online news genre described in terms of therepertoire of genre elements. The results indicate what elements seems to be the better design choice through theuser perspective. Due to remaining similarities with the printed edition, the online newspaper genre is still avariant genre.
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
A Genre Perspective on Online Newspaper Front Page Design
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Web Engineering. - : Rinton Press, Princeton, New Jersey. - 1540-9589. ; 3:1, s. 50-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Taking a genre perspective on design, this article proposes eight design recommendations for online newspapers. These recommendations are based on features that mediate a specific purpose and use between publisher and audience, which we describe as genre rules in terms of purpose, form, and positioning. They are also based on genre change regarding design, and the heritage from print regarding form and shared content elements. We have a) studied genre change through a web page analysis of nine Swedish online newspapers in 2001 and 2003, using the genre concepts content, form, functionality and positioning, and b) derived genre rules through publishers and audience understanding of the genre. We have interviewed managers, designers and editors-in-chief at the nine newspapers as well as 153 members of their audience. We show that in the design process for digital documents, it is useful to have genre awareness, i.e. to be aware of the genre characteristics, the producer's design purpose and the audience recognition and response.
|
|
| 39. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
A User Centered Innovation Approach Identifying Key User Values for the E-newspaper
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications. - Hershey, PA : IGI Global. - 1941-627X .- 1941-6288. ; 1:3, s. 38-78
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the pre-adoption phase of the e-newspaper, i.e. a newspaper published with e-paper technology. The research question of this article is: In what way can a user centered innovation process contribute to identifying key values in mobile innovations? The aim of this article is threefold: firstly, to identify key values for the e-newspaper, and secondly, to examine the intention to adopt a new possible innovation and thirdly, to explore user centered design processes ability to capture user values early in the innovation process. We have identified seven key user values: mobility, availability, personalization, usability, interactivity, readability and environment. Furthermore, we found that surprisingly many would consider exchanging their traditional newspaper with an e-newspaper in the future, indicating that the e-newspaper have a fair chance of becoming an important innovation. Finally, we propose a four phase model for identifying user values in a pre-adoption phase of an innovation.
|
|
| 40. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Advertising in Ubiquitous Media Environments
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 30th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia, IRIS 30. Tampere, Finland. - Tampere, Finland : Department of Computer Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland. - 9789514470486 ; , s. 150-168
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper address advertising in ubiquitous media environments by empirically discussing challenges suggested in previous research. We have performed 15 interviews, 4 workshops and 3 brainstorming sessions with publishers and advertisiers. Our findings agree with previous research but also point out several additional challeging issues. We conclude by suggesting that the publishers are well suited to take on the role as pervasive service providers and identify four specificchallenges related to that role: 1) How to develop models to produce and make use of consumer information dynamically over time in a ubiquitous media environment?; 2) How to adjust advertising to consumer preferences, i.e. advertising on consumer terms?; 3) In what ways can advertising be integrated with services/content adjusted to context? and 4) How to create an arena for building relations between consumers and advertisers as well as between advertisers?
|
|
| 41. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
An Interorganizational Learning Approach to New Innovations : Exploring the e-newspaper Case
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management and Organisational Learning. - Reading, U.K. : Academic Conferences Limited. - 9781905305605 - 9781905305612 ; , s. 179-187
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we are addressing the following research question: How can an interorganizational learning approach influence an industry business strategy for a new innovation? When adopting new innovations organizations need to learn about the innovation’s gains and how it functions in the organizations line of business. This organizational learning process varies between “trial and error”, information seeking or a“wait and see” approach etc. When new innovations have the potential to cause paradigm shifts to whole industries interorganizational learning approaches are called for. We have explored the e-newspaper case, i.e. the introduction of e-paper technology in the newspaper industry. E-paper is a reflecting display technology with properties very close toprint on paper, with high contrast and readability. Thus, an e-newspaper, i.e. a newspaper service published on an e-paper device, holds the potential of replacing the printed editionin the long run, thereby heavily reducing printing and distribution cost, making it an interesting prospect for the industry. In two research projects, DigiNews and UbiMedia, we have conducted interviews, future workshops, design focus group and steering committee meetings with newspaper representatives from nine Swedish newspaper companies and the Swedish Newspaper Publishers´ Association. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how an interorganizational learning approach between competing organizations to new innovations can play out using the four modes of knowledge conversion by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995). The results indicates that by taking such an approach, Swedish newspaper organizations were able to reach an agreement on collaborating on distribution, possible standards and business models while still competing on content, thereby initiating a joint business strategy for the e-newspaper introduction. Summing up, the findings show that an interorganizational learning approach benefits from: (1) being organized at very early in the innovation process; and (2) being organized by a neutral facilitator and academics are suitable for that role.
|
|
| 42. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Audience view on new technology for media consumption
- 2006
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we experiment with different audience groups to study how they differ with respect to the adoption of new media products/services. We expand the existing framework of early adopters, which is heavily directed towards the technological aspects of a product, by including users that are more interested in the social and content-related aspects of products/services. We are interested in seeing whether these audience groups differ in terms of preferences for new media products in order to shed light on possible strategies for the introduction of the e-newspaper. The study was done in a larger research project, DigiNews, on the introduction of e-newspapers. The paper is built on the results from an online survey on attitudes and preferences towards new technology, media in general and a planned e-newspaper. Data was collected from in total 2976 respondents at the web sites of three Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet, Göteborgs-Posten, and Sundsvalls Tidning.
|
|
| 43. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Authentic and Concurrent Evaluation : Refining an Evaluation Approach in Design Science Research
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PACIS 2011 PROCEEDINGS. - Brisbane : Queensland University of Technology. - 9781864356441 ; , s. Paper 82-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the need for more detailed accounts for evaluation in design science research literature. By revisiting a design project regarding the future e-newspaper we give detailed descriptions of its authentic and concurrent evaluation approach by illustrating the what, why and how of all evaluation activities throughout the whole project. The project produced seven different design artifacts that were evaluated. The utility and theoretical outcomes of the evaluation activities clearly influenced design decisions regarding newspaper design, user value and business model design as well as decisions on strategic levels. We emphasize a holistic and concurrent approach to evaluation compared to the general design science research thinking and argue that reflecting on how to seek authenticity is important. By authenticity we refer to the notion of how closely an evaluation captures the context and actual use of an artifact. With the holistic approach we encourage evaluation to be inclusive of different aspects and relationships between stakeholder groups in the evaluation activities. Further we think that concurrency is not narrowed to evaluation but also regards theorizing. While it makes sense for planning to distinguish between phases and stages of evaluation and theorizing, in practice they are intrinsically interlinked and concurrent.
|
|
| 44. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Business models for m-services : Exploring the e-newspaper case from a consumer view
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations. - Hershey, PA : Idea Group Publishing. - 1539-2937 .- 1539-2929. ; 6:2, s. 29-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the consumer view of an innovative m-service, that is, the e-newspaper, which is published for a mobile reading device equipped with an e-paper display. The research question of this article is: What are the implications of the consumer view of future m-service innovation on business models? In this article, we present empirical results from an online survey with 3,626 respondents representing the consumer view. The factor analysis revealed three aspects of consumer preferences, that is, Ubiquitous access, Prestige of news source and Local anchorage and advertising. These were then correlated with media behavior and e-newspaper preferences to indicate three possible market segments. We then discuss the implications that these consumer views could have on developing new business models, followed by a comparison to earlier research. Finally, we propose an integrated e-newspaper business model framework consisting of three models, ubiquitous, local, and prestige.
|
|
| 45. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Co-creation in Living Labs : Experiences from Halmstad Living Lab
- 2009
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Halmstad Living Lab was established in 2007 with the application areas of health technology and media, but have been working with co-creation since 2004. Our experiences from co-reation is derived from four research projects, two within media (DigiNews and UbiMedia) and two from health technology (Secure at Home - Living Lab and Secure at Home - Smart Locks). We have conducted 100 user involvement activities with around 500 individuals in face to face activities and over 7000 individuals in online surveys. The empirical activities all relates to different innovation processes concerning both products and services. The innovation processes has involved different stakeholders such as companies, researchers and users who have worked in an open environment to create and validate innovations. Below we discuss our experiences.
|
|
| 46. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing the Future e-newspaper : the da Vinci Approach
- 2005
-
Ingår i: HCI international 2005. - Mahwah N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. - 0805858075
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we propose an approach for gathering data to generate user requirements for an artifact under development, in this case the e-newspaper based on an e-paper solution. Inspired by future workshops, scenario- and mock-up techniques we suggest the da Vinci approach. In addition to describing the approach we also report types of requirements possible to derive. We conclude by discussing experiences from applying the approach in the DigiNews project.
|
|
| 47. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing Ubiquitous Media Services : Exploring the Two-Sided Market of Newspapers
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research. - Curico : University of Talca, Faculty of Engineering. - 0718-1876. ; 11:3, s. 1-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two-sided market of newspapers with its two customer groups, readers and advertisers, is changing due to digitalization. This former stable and profitable market has lately suffered from both decreasing subscription and advertiser revenue. In this paper we use the term ubiquitous media environments to represent the vision of future media environments enabling device independent mass-scale distribution of ubiquitous media services in integrated infrastructures. We build upon a two-year action research project where researchers worked together with the Swedish newspaper industry to envision future ubiquitous media services and explore the following research question: how can ubiquitous media services be designed to leverage and balance value in a two-sided market? Five examples of ubiquitous media services were developed in collaboration and thereafter evaluated. These services were then illustrated in movie clips to trigger discussions on how ubiquitous media services can be designed. Drawing on the value aspects of ubiquitous media services from an advertiser and reader point-of-view and the platform owner role of the newspapers in a future ubiquitous media environments, we describe and discuss how ubiquitous media services can be designed to leverage value for advertisers and readers, and how newspaper organizations can strategize ubiquitous media environments. © 2016 Universidad de Talca - Chile
|
|
| 48. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Forming a Value Network - Analyzing the Negotiations Between Actors in the E-Newspaper Case
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769534503 ; , s. 1-10
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied a two-year project aiming at exploring the potentials of the e-newspaper, i.e. a news service published with e-paper technology. Different actors have interests in this process, e.g. newspaper publishers, device producers, readers and advertisers. These actors are forming value networks by negotiations of interests and positions. The contribution of the paper is twofold: firstly we show how the value network created around e-newspaper is dependent on the convergence of different actors and their interests; secondly our theoretical contribution is to show how Actor Network Theory (ANT) can be used in combination with other theories - in this case genre theory - to analyze emergent value networks. ANT captures the general process of how the value network takes form, while genre theory captures the domain specific context of e-newspapers, and how this structures negotiations between different stakeholders who want to form the e-newspaper genre.
|
|
| 49. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
From Print to Web to e-paper - the challenge of designing the e-newspaper
- 2004
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Newspapers have a long tradition and centuries of experience behind today’s newspaper design. Pages, headlines, columns and fonts have been tuned in form and function to optimize content and context. They are all part of a user friendly and universally accepted product. Newspapers have two internationally recognizable formats, i.e. broadsheet or tabloid, familiar to readers all over the world. The first online newspapers appeared ten years ago in 1994, and since then research has been done to gain knowledge about how to design user friendly news sites. Today, we are facing the introduction of yet another media channel, the e-newspaper, which once again will require new design solutions for the graphical user interface (GUI).E-paper is a wide and not defined term. For this paper we limit our research to e-newspaper that will emerge on a new breed of e-Reader terminals based on E-Ink technology. These future terminals will most likely be in the size of 5-8” in size and have been used as a base for his paper.The change in the dimensions of printed broadsheet or tabloid newspapers into a smaller, digital e-paper format will radically change the user experience. Presumably, this e-newspaper solution will not replace the web but rather aim to replace the printed newspaper in the future. When designing for e- newspaper, the best from both worlds, i.e. print and web, should be considered in combination with the unique advantages of this new media.Traditional newspapers hold the advantages of portability and readability while the online newspapers enable continuous updates and user interaction. The e-newspaper offers faster and cheaper distribution than the traditional newspaper but not the same interactivity that the web offers. Further, the production and distribution of the e-newspaper is more environmentally friendly.In this paper we a) give an overview of the design possibilities and constraints of the e-paper technology, b) discuss design solutions from print and web that could be transferred to the e-paper media and c) present early empirical results from different studies. One study reports from experiences of prototyping e-newspaper interfaces. Another study presents results from interviews with designers at ten different newspapers, representing the publisher perspective.Based on the above we propose a set of future scenarios for e-newspaper design. These scenarios will be used as basis for future research and prototype development in the research community as well as within the newspaper industry.
|
|
| 50. |
- Ihlström Eriksson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Genre characteristics - a front page analysis of 85 Swedish online newspapers
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. - Los Alamitos, Calif. : IEEE Computer Society. - 0769520561 ; , s. 10-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The online newspapers entered the Internet in the mid-nineties and since then it has become more and more common to read news online. There is a long tradition of designing newspapers in print but today there is a demand from both academics and practitioners for more knowledge about how to design user friendly news sites. The challenge is to design the online newspaper, in this rapidly changing media, to be the same familiar, user friendly and universally accepted product as the printed newspaper. We have designed a study in three parts to address this challenge. The overall research question is: How can design for a media in rapid development be communicated within a genre? The purpose of the first part of the study, presented in this paper, is to build a framework for identifying genre characteristics and to describe the Swedish online newspaper genre of today. We have conducted a front page analysis on the total population of 85 Swedish online newspapers. We suggest a quadruple of the genre concepts and a grid to handle positioning when building the framework. To describe the Swedish online newspaper genre we have used the taxonomy for the evolution of cybergenres together with the so called broadsheet metaphor. Aiming at a more comprehensive understanding of the online newspaper genre we modified the model by adding the leaf node 'progressed'.
|
|
