| 1. |
- Imes, Connor, et al.
(författare)
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POET: A Portable Approach to Minimizing Energy Under Soft Real-time Constraints
- 2015
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Ingår i: Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS), 2015 IEEE. - 1545-3421. - 9781479986033 - 9781479986040 ; , s. 75-86
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embedded real-time systems must meet timing constraints while minimizing energy consumption. To this end, many energy optimizations are introduced for specific platforms or specific applications. These solutions are not portable, however, and when the application or the platform change, these solutions must be redesigned. Portable techniques are hard to develop due to the varying tradeoffs experienced with different application/platform configurations. This paper addresses the problem of finding and exploiting general tradeoffs, using control theory and mathematical optimization to achieve energy minimization under soft real-time application constraints. The paper presents POET, an open-source C library and runtime system that takes a specification of the platform resources and optimizes the application execution. We test POET's ability to deliver portable energy reduction on two embedded systems with different tradeoff spaces - the first with a mobile Intel Haswell processor, and the second with an ARM big.LITTLE System on Chip. POET achieves the desired latency goals with small error while consuming, on average, only 1.3% more energy than the dynamic optimal oracle on the Haswell and 2.9% more on the ARM. We believe this open-source, library-based approach to resource management will simplify the process of writing portable, energy-efficient code for embedded systems.
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| 2. |
- Imes, Connor, et al.
(författare)
-
Portable Multicore Resource Management for Applications with Performance Constraints
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE 10th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore/Many-core Systems-on-Chip. - 9781509035304 ; , s. 305-312
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many modern software applications have performance requirements, like mobile and embedded systems that must keep up with sensor data, or web services that must return results to users within an acceptable latency bound. For such applications, the goal is not to run as fast as possible, but to meet their performance requirements with minimal resource usage, the key resource in most systems being energy. Heuristic solutions have been proposed to minimize energy under a performance constraint, but recent studies show that these approaches are not portable - heuristics that are near-optimal on one system can waste integer factors of energy on others. The POET library and runtime system provides a portable method for resource management that achieves near-optimal energy consumption while meeting soft real-time constraints across a range of devices. Although POET was originally designed and tested on embedded and mobile platforms, in this paper we evaluate it on a manycore server-class system. The larger scale of manycore systems adds some overhead to adjusting resource allocations, but POET still meets timing constraints and achieves near-optimal energy consumption. We demonstrate that POET achieves portable energy efficiency on platforms ranging from low-power ARM big.LITTLE architectures to powerful x86 server-class systems.
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