| 1. |
- Elm, Patrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring threshold concept when teaching Systems Thinking and Soft Systems Methodology
- 2018
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Ingår i: OR60 Annual Conference, 11-13 Sept. 2018, Lancaster University, Birmingham. - Birmingham, UK : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 202-202
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been argued that the threshold concepts of a discipline are the gateways to a deeper understanding of disciplinary knowledge. These are also keys to improving student learning outcomes and progressive learning. Research has been done on systems as a threshold concept for understanding other disciplinary issues, like sustainability. However, we explore the threshold concepts of understanding systems itself, that is, in this case the disciplinary framework of systems thinking and Soft Systems Methodology. The term threshold concept is stated as having emerged from the UK project Enhancing Teaching and Learning Environments in Undergraduate Courses. It is argued to be a means leading to a transformed way of understanding or learning. Five key characteristics of threshold concepts have been identified in previous research. These are troublesome knowledge, transformation, irreversibility, integration, and boundedness. Later on, reconstitution, discourse and liminality were added.We have explored threshold concepts for teaching systems thinking and Soft Systems Methodology in a mixed knowledge environment, including students from different disciplines, in a developing country. The students were presented with an issue related to their everyday life as university students and with the aim of applying systems thinking ideas and techniques for the betterment of their university and, in the long run, their society. They were also asked to write a reflection paper related to the learning objectives of the course and on what they have learnt about Soft Systems Methodology (theory) and when applied to the specific case. We report on which pertinent threshold concepts we have identified, both of our own experience as teachers and of the students’ reflection papers.
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| 2. |
- Esposito, Simona, et al.
(författare)
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Risk-Based Multilevel Methodology to Stress Test Critical Infrastructure Systems
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Infrastructure Systems. - : American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). - 1076-0342 .- 1943-555X. ; 26:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making communities safer requires better tools to identify, quantify, and manage risks. Among the most important tools are stress tests, originally designed to test the risk posed by nuclear power plants. A complementary harmonized multilevel stress test for nonnuclear civil infrastructure systems against natural hazards is proposed. Each stress test level is characterized by a different scope and a different level of risk analysis complexity to suit different civil infrastructure systems, different hazards, and different risks. The stress test consists of the following phases. First, the goals and the methods for the risk analysis are defined. The test is then performed at the component and system levels, followed by a verification of the findings. A penalty system is defined to adjust the output of the risk assessment according to the limitations of the risk analysis methods used. The adjusted risk assessment results are then passed to a grading system to determine the outcome of the stress test. Finally, the risk assessment results are reported, and the stress test outcomes are communicated to stakeholders and authorities.
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| 3. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-
(författare)
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Analyzing Initial Design Theory Components for Developing Information Security Laboratories
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2022 6th International Conference on Cryptography,<em></em>Security and Privacy (CSP). - : IEEE. - 9781665479752 ; , s. 36-40
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online information security labs intended for training and facilitating hands-on learning for distance students at master’s level are not easy to develop and administer. This research focuses on analyzing the results of a DSR project for design, development, and implementation of an InfoSec lab. This research work contributes to the existing research by putting forth an initial outline of a generalized model for design theory for InfoSec labs aimed at hands-on education of students in the field of information security. The anatomy of design theory framework is used to analyze the necessary components of the anticipated design theory for InfoSec labs in future.
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| 4. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-
(författare)
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Applying the Analytical Lens of Constructive alignment and Conversational Framework for Course and E-learning Platform Development
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Norwegian konferanse for organisasjoners bruk av informasjonsteknologi, NOKOBIT -2013.. - Oslo / Trondheim : Akademika forlag. - 9788232103737 ; , s. 159-172
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of educational needs for offering a master’s degree program in Information Security both to campus and distance students is of extreme importance in order to improve curriculum design as well as e-learning platform. The case of an Internet Security course and e-learning platform were analyzed. The theoretical framework based on constructive alignment theory (Biggs, 1996) and conversational frame-work (Laurillard, 2002) has been used as an analytical lens to analyze the case and guide the ongoing research process for improvement in the courses as well as for the development and improvement of e-learning platform. It is proposed that in order to improve the quality of teaching and enhance the e-learning platform all the courses included in MSc program in Information Security should be developed systematically based on specific pedagogical principles. The systematic development approach will help the instructors to enhance understanding and provide guidelines to incorporate the mindset of construc-tive alignment. Information Security education benefits greatly from hands-on laboratory oriented exer-cises. Therefore, e-learning platform including InfoSec lab must be designed and developed based on pedagogical principles. In this way we can argue for the true benefits of the learning technology being developed for a specific purpose. Hence, learning technology is not considered as merely a knowledge-transmitting tool but viewed as an ensemble artifact. This article attempts to put forward a theoretical framework to provide pedagogical guidelines for alignment of courses and for the selection of suitable e-learning platform.
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| 5. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-
(författare)
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Artificial Intelligence Tools and Applications for Elderly Healthcare : Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: ICCAI '23: Proceedings of the 2023 9th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence. - : ACM Publications. - 9781450399029 ; , s. 394-397
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study attempts to capture a holistic view of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and applications for elderly healthcare to understand the impact of information and communication technologies on the quality of life for elderly people. The empirical material is collected through a literature review. Machine learning (ML), Natural language processing (NLP), Deep learning models, diagnosis and treatment applications, administrative applications, and Internet of things (IOT) are considered as the important technologies used for AI-based elderly healthcare solutions. This research work contributes to the existing literature by extracting important themes from reviewed literature such as Smart homes for elderly, AI-based health monitoring technologies, wearable devices, gamification technologies in elderly care, Robotic systems, AI for privacy protection of elderly app users and Ethical aspects of AI technologies for elderly. Additionally, a general scarcity of research on the topics of privacy protection and ethical aspects of AI technologies for elderly and healthcare personnel is noticed.
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| 6. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-
(författare)
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Employing action design research for designing course and laboratory to teach web management in mixed classroom
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the annual NOKOBIT conference held in Narvik 26-27 November 2019.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the boom in the web industry and growing trends in online shopping, there is an increase in the demand for skilled work force to develop and manage the usable interactive web sites and web content for several companies across the world. Many students want to equip themselves with required web development knowledge by participating in courses from distance. Information and communication technologies (ICT) based on internet have opened up new potentials in higher education. To keep up with the influx of students several universities offer some coursework online and some have converted complete programs of study in order to make them entirely available online to campus as well as distance students (including professionals) at the same time. Distance education always have unique requirements. In this article, I reported the design of a course and an online lab for web development and management based on initial design principles derived from kernel theories such as Conversational Framework, Constructive Alignment and Personalized System of Instruction. The overall research was conducted using the action design research approach. The iterative cycles and critical reflections during the building, intervention and evaluation process helped to refine the initial design principles. The study contributes to the researchers and practitioners community by providing design principles and an online Lab model that utilizes state-of-the art technology for mixed classrooms.
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| 7. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Smart Watch Ecosystem Value Co-creation Experience : A Qualitative Case Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Eighth International Conference on Smart Portable, Wearable, Implantableand Disability-oriented Devices and Systems. - : International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA). - 9781612089638 ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology paradigm comprising physical objects such as smart watches embedded with sensors, software, and networking technologies that are used to connect and exchange data with other devices such as smart phones and systems over the Internet. Smart watches and other wearables are emerging at a rapid speed, and they have engaged the users in redefining their interaction with mobile and pervasive technologies by creating an ecosystem of relevant devices. This research work focused on the issue of value co-creation and better understanding of smart watch consumer’s adoption and appropriation process which can highlight the factors motivating or demotivating the consumers to use the smart watches to achieve different objectives. Through a qualitative research method, empirical data was collected by observation, written questionnaire, and interviews. Using a thematic analysis scheme, the following four themes were generated from the collected data: (1) Getting motivated and maintaining motivation, (2) Usefulness – value-in-use and value-in context, (3) Technical issues with smart watch resources, and (4) Information security and privacy concerns about smart technologies.
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| 8. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative Approaches in Health Care : Observational Study at an Elderly Care Unit in Japan
- 2019
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Ingår i: UBT International Conference. - : UBT Knowledge center. - 9789951550192
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study attempts to capture a holistic view of the phenomenon of ageing and what kind of impact information and communication technologies can have on the quality of life in ageing society, with special focus on health care. The systemic view recognizes the different perspectives of patients, front line care providers and the health care organization. The ultimate goal is to scrutinize the value co-creation opportunities as well as the challenges and risks when innovative technology is implemented in a complex service ecosystem. The empirical material is collected through an observational study at an elderly care unit in Tokyo, Japan, where robots are used in order to facilitate different kinds of social interaction among the elderly patients. In this context, it is highly relevant to discuss what kind of innovations can be considered as both desirable and feasible – and how the decisions can best be guided by different perspectives.
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| 9. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Searching for A Governance Model to Secure the Data Flow in Organizations : an Indispensable Discussion
- 2019
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Ingår i: <em>UBT International Conference</em>. - : UBT Knowledge center. - 9789951550192
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the end of the 1980s, there have been several initiatives to control and manage IT environments. ITIL is one of the more successful models, COBIT another. However, thanks to the IP protocol and Internet, since mid-2000 the world has seen a veritable data explosion, affecting IT governance. Some predictions expect current data volumes to grow more than 10 times till 2020, having serious implications both from governance and security perspectives. Additionally, we see some new EU regulations, i.e., Network and Information Security Directive (NIS) and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), implemented in May 2018. The latter two will directly affect the scope of IT governance within the European Union and for non-European entities handling EU Citizen’s personal data, with substantial fines if not complying. Both regulations forces anyone handling such data to consider information strategies that include big data management, governance, and information security as a convoluted context. Particularly, GDPR make them to related questions, a governance package. This creates a need for a paradigm shift to remediate/mitigate identified limitations in today’s traditional governance models. This article discusses governance from a holistic perspective, based on the data flow, as per the requirements of GDPR. These are the issues which were not envisioned when today’s governance models were designed in the late 1980s or early 1990s.
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| 10. |
- Iqbal, Sarfraz, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Healthcare Systems : A holistic perspective on the use and impact of medication management robots in home healthcare
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems. - 0905-0167 .- 1901-0990. ; 33:2, s. 181-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on medication management robotic system (MMR) in home health care, which is part of a complex medication management system that in addition to patients, their families, care personnel, municipal health and social care managers, and technology also includes prescribers and dispensing pharmacies. Successful medication management requires communication, coordination and effective information sharing among the network actors and across different settings. Information ecology perspective is used to describe and understand the whole system, the network of people, technology, and information systems, as well as the impact of MMR system on patients and caregivers’ relationships, roles, and responsibilities. This qualitative case study aimed to explore the impact of implementation and deployment of MMR system, as part of a pilot project in municipal eldercare in the south of Sweden. This research work elucidates the holistic perspective of medication management system for home care services, and highlights the processes and situational complexities, as well as the role of the personnel and key stakeholders involved in these processes. This research work is in line with UN’s sustainable development goals to develop a reliable, sustainable and resilient regional infrastructure, to support human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all.
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| 11. |
- Kadhim, Duaa Abdulrazak, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic Health Records : Non-Swedish Speaking Refugee’s Perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Health Information Management Research. - : Linnaeus University Press. - 9789189081093
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic health record (EHR) is a ubiquitous e-health tool that includes both Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and personal health record (PHR). EHR is aimed to be a versatile digital tool that can benefit both caregivers and patients through Quick and easy access to medical information at any time from hospitals or primary care units. However, the fact that the bulk of core records, including self- service data for patients, is only available in Swedish may limit the scope, availability and feasibility of self service through EHRs access for refugee patients who are non-Swedish speakers. Research results suggest that the EHRs should be meaningful, modified, and improved based on patient’s needs, by actively involving patients in their healthcare. The issues diagnosed in this research work such as EHR an information sharing communication System, lack of Information about using EHR, language barrier a hinderance in using EHRs, EHRs as medical recommendation system, better instructions about EHRs, presenting medical information in diagnosis part in EHRs in other languages and presenting medical information in diagnosis part in EHRs by sound are very important to address non-Swedish speaking refugee patients’ needs to use and benefit from EHRs.
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| 12. |
- Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Implications of EU-GDPR in Low-Grade Social, Activist and NGO Settings
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings 6<sup>th </sup>UBT annual international conference, 27-29 ocktober, Durrës, Albania. - : UBT. - 9789951437608 ; , s. 91-97
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social support services are becoming popular among the citizens of every country and every age. Though, social support services easily accessible on mobile phones are used in different contexts, ranging from extending your presence and connectivity to friends, family and colleagues to using social media services for being a social activist seeking to help individuals confined in miserable situations such as homeless community, drug addicts or even revolutionists fighting against dictatorships etc. However, a very recent development in the European Parliament’s law (2016/679) on the processing and free movement of personal data in terms of EU-GDPR (General data protection rules) considers the low funded social service development efforts unsafe. This article analyses a case study conducted at a shelter for homeless mothers in the United States to conceptualize the future similar development efforts from low end public activist groups within European union. This article aims to raise awareness on this issue and also puts forth a conceptual model to envision the possibilities of mitigating the risks attached to such development efforts under the light of EU-GDPR which will be implemented in may 2018.
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| 13. |
- Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Implications of EU-GDPR in Low-Grade Social, Activist and NGO Settings
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Technology. - : UBT. - 2223-8387. - 9789951437608 ; 6:3, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social support services are becoming popular among the citizens of every country and every age. Though, social support services easily accessible on mobile phones are used in different contexts, ranging from extending your presence and connectivity to friends, family and colleagues to using social media services for being a social activist seeking to help individuals confined in miserable situations such as homeless community, drug addicts or even revolutionists fighting against dictatorships etc. However, a very recent development in the European Parliament’s law (2016/679) on the processing and free movement of personal data in terms of EU-GDPR (General data protection rules) considers the low funded social service development efforts unsafe. This article analyses a case study conducted at a shelter for homeless mothers in the United States to conceptualize the future similar development efforts from low end public activist groups within European union. This article aims to raise awareness on this issue and also puts forth a conceptual model to envision the possibilities of mitigating the risks attached to such development efforts under the light of EU-GDPR which will be implemented in may 2018.
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| 14. |
- Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Post-Mortem of Mega Hacks : Signifying the Need for a Systemic Enterprise View on Information Security
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 7th International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (CSP). - : IEEE. - 9798350323368 - 9798350323375 ; , s. 41-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Once, system thinking was about singular systems. Today we exist in a far more complex world, with systems interacting with systems, directly or indirectly. Information security, therefore, must involve all systems in the chain. New legal European regulations such as Guidelines for Data Protection Regulation demand that the ICT/IT world must include systems outside the organizational border to be involved and accounted for under enterprise information security umbrella. Recent mega hacks analyzed in this article point to the fact that a systems thinking perspective is needed to create modern governance, risk, and compliance security model framework. This research work puts forth a conceptual model based on Viable System Model appropriate for a major global information security restructuring. A motive for VSM is grounded in that it works fine with securing modern laws like GDPR and CCPA in supporting a needed enterprise perspective.
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| 15. |
- Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Searching for a Governance Model to manage and secure the data flow in organizations, as required by GDPR
- 2018
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Ingår i: Information System Research Seminar in Scandinavia, Aarhus University in Odder, Denmark, August 5th - 8th 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the end of the 1980s, there have been several initiatives to control and manage enterprise IT environments. ITIL is one of the more successful models, COBIT another, accompanied by others as British Petroleum’s OBASHI model. However, thanks to the IP protocol and Internet, since mid-2000 the world has seen a veritable data explosion, affecting IS governance, singular IS systems now integrated. Some recent predictions expect current data volumes to grow more than 10 times till 2020, with serious implications both on governance and IT security. Additionally, we see some new EU regulations, i.e., primarily the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), implemented in May 2018. Something that directly affects the scope of IS governance within the European Union and for non-European entities handling EU Citizens’ personal data; with substantial fines if not complying. The regulation forces anyone handling personal data to consider information strategies that include big data management, IS governance, and information security as a convoluted context, not by themselves, a governance package. This creates a need for a paradigm shift to remediate/mitigate identified limitations in today’s traditional governance models. This paper discusses governance from a holistic and agile perspective, based on the overall data flow, as per the requirements of GDPR. Issues that were not envisioned when today’s IS governance models were designed or not even in their latest releases.
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| 16. |
- Ostheimer, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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An alliance of humans and machines for machine learning : Hybrid intelligent systems and their design principles
- 2021
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Ingår i: Technology in society. - : Elsevier. - 0160-791X .- 1879-3274. ; 66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the growing number of applications of artificial intelligence such as autonomous cars or smart industrial equipment, the inaccuracy of utilized machine learning algorithms could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Human-in-the-loop computing combines human and machine intelligence resulting in a hybrid intelligence of complementary strengths. Whereas machines are unbeatable in logic and computation speed, humans are contributing with their creative and dynamic minds. Hybrid intelligent systems are necessary to achieve high accuracy and reliability of machine learning algorithms. In a design science research project with a Swedish manufacturing company, this paper presents an application of human-in-the-loop computing to make operational processes more efficient. While conceptualizing a Smart Power Distribution for electric industrial equipment, this research presents a set of principles to design machine-learning algorithms for hybrid intelligence. From being AI-ready as an organization to clearly focusing on the customer benefits of a hybrid intelligent system, designers need to build and strengthen the trust in the human-AI relationship to make future applications successful and reliable. With the growing trends of technological advancements and incorporation of artificial intelligence in more and more applications, the alliance of humans and machines have become even more crucial.
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| 17. |
- Ostheimer, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Privacy in online dating : does it matter?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Publications. - 9781450366182 ; , s. 71-75
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- More people are engaging in the online dating phenomenon nowadays. However, in most cases online dating applications require additional sensitive information such as a user’s geographical location or sexual orientation. This situation raises concerns regarding users’ privacy in the online dating environment. This article focuses on Tinder which is among the leading location-based real-time dating applications, especially in the Western society. This article analyses whether a user’s privacy regarding the use of online dating applications such as Tinder matters or not. Hereby, the article distinguishes between social privacy – privacy related to other individuals - and institutional privacy – privacy related to organizations. This study shows that some users might perceive certain benefits of taking privacy very leniently. Although, collected personal information about users can be utilized to optimize the user experience of a service, users should consider possible future consequences when data is being collected about them. The issues such as little awareness of institutional privacy, unintentional disclosure of information, receiving unwanted, targeted advertising, knowing the users inside out, unsecured data retention, difficulties in accessing or manipulating personal information, and effects on users’ existence through data gathering are very important to maintain any individual’s privacy in an online environment and show that privacy in online dating applications matters.
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| 18. |
- Poelman, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the Compliance of the GDPR : Processing Personal Data On A Blockchain
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2021 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (CSP 2021). - : IEEE. - 9781728186207 - 9781728186214 - 9781728186221 ; , s. 38-44
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blockchain is a relatively new technology which needs to comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) when processing personal data. In this study, the researchers focus on the issue of whether or not a blockchain that processes personal data can comply with the GDPR. Subsequently, it is important to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using a blockchain from a civilian’s point of view, since it is their personal data that will be processed. Finally, the results of a literature research and multiple interviews, show that there is no unequivocal answer to the compliancy issue regarding blockchains. This study contributes by extending the ongoing discussion on the topic of GDPR compliance on blockchain by showing that two different tendencies exist: purists and fundamentalists. Purists believe that public blockchains are the only ‘real’ blockchains and because of the characteristics those possess, it can never comply with the GDPR. Furthermore, all technical measures that try to comply with the principles of the GDPR will compromise the very existence of that blockchain. On the other hand, fundamentalists argue that it is possible to take certain technical measures to meet the requirements of the GDPR and these will not jeopardize the blockchain.
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