| 1. |
- Saha, Sumanta, et al.
(författare)
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A novel overlay IDS for wireless sensor networks
- 2008
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Ingår i: MCCSIS'08 - IADIS Multi Conf. Comput. Sci. Inf. Syst.; Proc. Wirel. Appl. Comput. Telecommun., Netw. Syst.. - 9789728924621 ; , s. 144-148
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of low cost sensor nodes which cannot afford to implement sophisticated security system in it. That is why intrusion detection architecture for WSN is considerably different and difficult to implement. Most of the current implementations are based on exchanging anomaly signals among the leaf level sensors resulting in too much power consumption. We propose a novel architecture for Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in WSN based on Hierarchical Overlay Design (HOD) that will distribute the overall responsibility of intrusion detection into entities and thus conserve memory and power of the nodes. The architecture uses layered design with GSM cell like structure based on special monitor nodes. The HOD structure enables the sensors to communicate using far less messages and thus conserve precious power and also saves memory by not implementing IDS module on each sensor. The proposal also uses rippling of alarm through layers and thus ensures proper delivery to the uppermost layer with redundancy.
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| 2. |
- Ahmet, Zeynep, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting embodied exploration of physical concepts in mixed digital and physical interactive settings
- 2011
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Ingår i: TEI'11. - Funchal, Portugal : ACM Press. - 1450304788 ; , s. 109-116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper findings are presented from a study on how sensor equipped computer game technologies can be used to create tools for educational settings to learn about for example concepts in physics. In a workshop focusing on the concept of gravity, a group of children interacted with an environment consisting of both physical and digital interactive components. We discuss how the mixed digital and physical setting affects the children's coordination and collaboration and their strategies to solve the given assignment. Findings suggest that the embodied nature of the technology create new opportunities for collaboration and that the alignment of the physical and digital parts of the interactive setting is important in order to create a seamless experience that takes advantage of the properties of the respective media.
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| 3. |
- Benedek, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Surface phonons of lithium ion battery active materials
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainable Energy & Fuels. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2398-4902. ; 3:2, s. 508-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surfaces of active materials are understood to play an important role in the performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries, but they remain poorly characterized and therefore cannot yet be systematically designed. Here, we combine inelastic neutron scattering and ab initio simulations to demonstrate that the structure of the surface of active materials differs from the interior of the particle. We use LiFePO4 (LFP) as a model system, and we find that carbon coating influences the Li-O bonding on the (010) LFP surface relative to the bulk. Our results highlight how coatings can be used to systematically engineer the vibrations of atoms at the surface of battery active materials, and thereby impact lithium ion transport, charge transfer, and surface reactivity.
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| 4. |
- Bryce, Elizabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of a mandated provincial hand hygiene program: Messages from the field.
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Infection Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 1527-3296 .- 0196-6553. ; 42:7, s. 708-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The British Columbia Provincial Hand Hygiene Working Group was formed in September 2010 and tasked with the development and implementation of a provincial hand hygiene (HH) program for health care.
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| 5. |
- Hashim, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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Pattern of novel psychoactive substance use among patients presented to the poison control centre of Ain Shams University Hospitals, Egypt : A cross-sectional study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 8:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) are relatively new substances in the illicit drug market, notpreviously listed in the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDOC). Strox and Voodoo are consideredsome of the most popular blends of NPS in the Egyptian drug market.Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess NPS's use pattern: Voodoo and Strox among acutelyintoxicated patients presented to the poison control center of Ain Shams University Hospitals (PCC- ASUH).Methods: A single center based cross-sectional study was carried out in the PCC-ASUH among acutely intoxicatedpatients presenting to the emergency department (ED) over four months (from January–April 2019. using apreviously adopted and validated Fahmy and El-Sherbini socioeconomic scale (SES). Data were presented asmean, median and range as appropriate. Both smoking and crowding indexes were calculated and presented aspreviously reported.Results: Fifty-one patients were presented to the ED of PCC-ASUH during the study period. A total of 96.1% (n ¼49) were males. The mean age was 25 7.5 years. The most common NPS used was Strox: 54.9% (n ¼ 28),followed by Voodoo: 27.4% (n ¼ 14). Neurological and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were the most frequentpresentations. The most common motive behind NPS use was the desire to give a trial of new psychoactivesubstances. The mean SES score was 35.1 13.17. Most patients have the preparatory as the highest education36.0% (n ¼ 18).Conclusions: NPS use is common among young males in preparatory education from different social classes,starting it most commonly as a means to experiencing a new high. Neurological and GI manifestations are themost common presenting symptoms of NPS intoxication.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Islam, Md. Saiful, et al.
(författare)
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A Review on Recent Advancements in FOREX Currency Prediction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Algorithms. - : MDPI. - 1999-4893. ; 13:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the foreign exchange (FOREX) market has attracted quite a lot of scrutiny from researchers all over the world. Due to its vulnerable characteristics, different types of research have been conducted to accomplish the task of predicting future FOREX currency prices accurately. In this research, we present a comprehensive review of the recent advancements of FOREX currency prediction approaches. Besides, we provide some information about the FOREX market and cryptocurrency market. We wanted to analyze the most recent works in this field and therefore considered only those papers which were published from 2017 to 2019. We used a keyword-based searching technique to filter out popular and relevant research. Moreover, we have applied a selection algorithm to determine which papers to include in this review. Based on our selection criteria, we have reviewed 39 research articles that were published on “Elsevier”, “Springer”, and “IEEE Xplore” that predicted future FOREX prices within the stipulated time. Our research shows that in recent years, researchers have been interested mostly in neural networks models, pattern-based approaches, and optimization techniques. Our review also shows that many deep learning algorithms, such as gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short term memory (LSTM), have been fully explored and show huge potential in time series prediction.
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| 8. |
- Islam, Saiful
(författare)
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From single-cell transcriptomics to single-molecule counting
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology has been progressing so fast in the last few years and made it possible to perform transcriptome analysis at single-cell level that was even unimaginable a few years before. Nowadays, the importance of gene expression analysis at the single-cell level is increasingly appreciated for the study of complex heterogeneous tissue. Also, in order to solve the obscure and no consensus definition of cell types, the single-cell gene expression analysis approach will be important. In this thesis we described a novel approach of single-cell gene expression profiling, called Single-cell Tagged Reverse Transcription (STRT). Here we can analyse 96 single cells at the same time by using a DNA barcode to tag individual single-cell. We analysed both 41 embryonic stem cells (ES) and 44 mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells in a 96-well PCR plate using STRT and successfully separated the distinct cell types from each other by cluster analysis using only the gene expression profile. We believe that the strategy to discriminate cell types using gene expression profiling will empower the unbiased discovery and analysis of heterogeneous cell populations in both normal and diseases tissue. However, the low efficiency of cDNA synthesis (~ 10%) and PCR amplification bias of this first STRT version reduced throughput and also decreased the possibility to detect genes that were expressed at lower level. To improve the efficiency of cDNA synthesis, we significantly improved the template switching (TS) mechanism – the mechanism to make secondary oligonucleotide from RNA during first strand cDNA synthesis. Since most of the present single-cell methods use TS mechanism, the base preference of terminal transferase activity was studied in detail. We found that an NGG motif at the 3 ́ end of the template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) will work better than a GGG motif. To remove the amplification bias we introduced a molecular barcode, a 5 bp short random degenerate sequence, which entirely eliminate the amplification bias. As this short random sequence uniquely labels each single molecule, their exact number can be determined. By introducing a microfluidic sample preparation, Fluidigm C1, we ensure the quality of cells that undergo sample processing until sequencing. In this updated method, called STRT-C1, we used 96 ES cells and split it as two final libraries consisting of one single strand cDNA library and one double strand cDNA obtained by amplifying the first single strand cDNA. We also used and analysed spike-in RNA in the same experiment. Both the reproducibility (correlation coefficient >99.5 within and between sample) and efficiency of reverse transcription (~48%, 5 folds more than previous version of STRT) of the improved method are excellent. Correlation coefficient for the endogenous gene within and between samples is much better at the molecule level than at the read level, especially for the genes of low abundance. By analysing only the spike-in RNAs, we found that technical noise is minimized and we can observe true biological noise for endogenous genes. Some biological noise is intrinsic at the single-cell level but most of the genes showed only low level of noise. However, we detected ~173 genes in ES cells which shows significant noise. Our data also revealed that biologically noisy genes have a significant function to give a resonant state of the embryonic stem cell. In conclusion, the single-cell molecule counting method makes it possible to count molecules in single- cell accurately and without any bias. So we believe our STRT-C1 version of the single-cell method is a significant step forward for all expression analysis.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Naylor, Andrew J., et al.
(författare)
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Depth-dependent oxygen redox activity in lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488. ; 7:44, s. 25355-25368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium-rich materials, such as Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2, exhibit capacities not limited by transition metal redox, through the reversible oxidation of oxide anions. Here we offer detailed insight into the degree of oxygen redox as a function of depth within the material as it is charged and cycled. Energy-tuned photoelectron spectroscopy is used as a powerful, yet highly sensitive technique to probe electronic states of oxygen and transition metals from the top few nanometers at the near-surface through to the bulk of the particles. Two discrete oxygen species are identified, On− and O2−, where n < 2, confirming our previous model that oxidation generates localised hole states on O upon charging. This is in contrast to the oxygen redox inactive high voltage spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, for which no On− species is detected. The depth profile results demonstrate a concentration gradient exists for On− from the surface through to the bulk, indicating a preferential surface oxidation of the layered oxide particles. This is highly consistent with the already well-established core–shell model for such materials. Ab initio calculations reaffirm the electronic structure differences observed experimentally between the surface and bulk, while modelling of delithiated structures shows good agreement between experimental and calculated binding energies for On−.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Rahimi, Parastoo, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food production and animal health
- 2022
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Ingår i: Trends in Food Science & Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0924-2244 .- 1879-3053. ; 121, s. 105-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in Wuhan, China and spread to other countries and continents causing a variety of respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms which led to death in severe cases.Scope and approach: In this review, we discuss and analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on animal production systems and food production of meat, dairy, eggs, and processed food, in addition to assessing the impact of the pandemic on animal healthcare systems, animal healthcare quality, animal welfare, food chain sustainability, and the global economy. We also provide effective recommendations to animal producers, veterinary healthcare professionals, workers in animal products industries, and governments to alleviate the effects of the pandemic on livestock farming and production systems.Key findings and conclusions: Port restrictions, border restrictions, curfews, and social distancing limitations led to reduced quality, productivity, and competitiveness of key productive sectors. The restrictions have hit the livestock sector hard by disrupting the animal feed supply chain, reducing animal farming services, limiting animal health services including delays in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, limiting access to markets and consumers, and reducing labor-force participation. The inhumane culling of animals jeopardized animal welfare. Egg smashing, milk dumping, and other animal product disruptions negatively impacted food production, consumption, and access to food originating from animals. In summary, COVID-19 triggered lockdowns and limitations on local and international trade have taken their toll on food production, animal production, and animal health and welfare. COVID-19 reverberations could exacerbate food insecurity, hunger, and global poverty. The effects could be massive on the most vulnerable populations and the poorest nations.
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| 14. |
- Rahman Jabin, MD Shafiqur, et al.
(författare)
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Patient safety : a measure on reporting system and accident investigation in Bangladesh
- 2013
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Ingår i: Presented at Medicinteknikdagarna 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, October 1-2, 2013.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bangladesh, like many other developing countries in the world, has inadequate access to safe health care not only in the rural areas but also in different hospitals, especially in public ones in the cities. Every year, a very large number of people die or get severely injured due to preventable adverse events associated with medical devices, medication error, unsafe blood collection or transfusion, surgery, anesthesia and obstetric trauma that occur during treatment or due to the negligence of the healthcare personnel or incompetent practices used in regard to the safety of the patients. As a result, patients in Bangladesh lose their trust in both public and private hospitals due to poor quality and unsafe care that cause a growing outflow of Bangladeshi patients to the hospitals of neighboring countries. Therefore, to promote patient safety, effective research studies are required to help healthcare professionals and policy makers to understand the complex causes that lead to unsafe care.
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| 15. |
- Rahman, Md. Tanvir, et al.
(författare)
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Zoonotic Diseases : Etiology, Impact, and Control
- 2020
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 8:9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most humans are in contact with animals in a way or another. A zoonotic disease is a disease or infection that can be transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to vertebrate animals. More than 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic in origin. This includes a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, and other pathogens. Factors such as climate change, urbanization, animal migration and trade, travel and tourism, vector biology, anthropogenic factors, and natural factors have greatly influenced the emergence, re-emergence, distribution, and patterns of zoonoses. As time goes on, there are more emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases. In this review, we reviewed the etiology of major zoonotic diseases, their impact on human health, and control measures for better management. We also highlighted COVID-19, a newly emerging zoonotic disease of likely bat origin that has affected millions of humans along with devastating global consequences. The implementation of One Health measures is highly recommended for the effective prevention and control of possible zoonosis.
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| 16. |
- Salaeh, Nureehan, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Short Term Memory Technique for Monthly Rainfall Prediction in Thale Sap Songkhla River Basin, Thailand
- 2022
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Ingår i: Symmetry. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-8994. ; 14:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rainfall is a primary factor for agricultural production, especially in a rainfed agricultural region. Its accurate prediction is therefore vital for planning and managing farmers’ plantations. Rainfall plays an important role in the symmetry of the water cycle, and many hydrological models use rainfall as one of their components. This paper aimed to investigate the applicability of six machine learning (ML) techniques (i.e., M5 model tree: (M5), random forest: (RF), support vector regression with polynomial (SVR-poly) and RBF kernels (SVR- RBF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and long-short-term memory (LSTM) in predicting for multiple-month ahead of monthly rainfall. The experiment was set up for two weather gauged stations located in the Thale Sap Songkhla basin. The model development was carried out by (1) selecting input variables, (2) tuning hyperparameters, (3) investigating the influence of climate variables on monthly rainfall prediction, and (4) predicting monthly rainfall with multi-step-ahead prediction. Four statistical indicators including correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and overall index (OI) were used to assess the model’s effectiveness. The results revealed that large-scale climate variables, particularly sea surface temperature, were significant influence variables for rainfall prediction in the tropical climate region. For projections of the Thale Sap Songkhla basin as a whole, the LSTM model provided the highest performance for both gauged stations. The developed predictive rainfall model for two rain gauged stations provided an acceptable performance: r (0.74), MAE (86.31 mm), RMSE (129.11 mm), and OI (0.70) for 1 month ahead, r (0.72), MAE (91.39 mm), RMSE (133.66 mm), and OI (0.68) for 2 months ahead, and r (0.70), MAE (94.17 mm), RMSE (137.22 mm), and OI (0.66) for 3 months ahead.
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| 17. |
- Sharma, Ujjwal, et al.
(författare)
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Behavior of Fibers in Geopolymer Concrete: A Comprehensive Review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last decades, cement has been observed to be the most adaptive material for global development in the construction industry. The use of ordinary concrete primarily requires the addition of cement. According to the record, there has been an increase in the direct carbon footprint during cement production. The International Energy Agency, IEA, is working toward net zero emissions by 2050. To achieve this target, there should be a decline in the clinker-to-cement ratio. Also, the deployment of innovative technologies is required in the production of cement. The use of alternative binding materials can be an easy solution. There are several options for a substitute to cement as a binding agent, which are available commercially. Non-crystalline alkali-aluminosilicate geopolymers have gained the attention of researchers over time. Geopolymer concrete uses byproduct waste to reduce direct carbon dioxide emissions during production. Despite being this advantageous, its utilization is still limited as it shows the quasi-brittle behavior. Using different fibers has been started to overcome this weakness. This article emphasizes and reviews various mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete, focusing on its development and implementation in a wide range of applications. This study concludes that the use of fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete should be commercialized after the establishment of proper standards for manufacturing.
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| 18. |
- Stäubert, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Rewired metabolism in drug-resistant leukemia cells : a metabolic switch hallmarked by reduced dependence on exogenous glutamine
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 290:13, s. 8348-8359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer cells that escape induction therapy are a major cause of relapse. Understanding metabolic alterations associated with drug resistance opens up unexplored opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we applied a broad spectrum of technologies including RNA sequencing, global untargeted metabolomics, and stable isotope labeling mass spectrometry to identify metabolic changes in P-glycoprotein overexpressing T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, which escaped a therapeutically relevant daunorubicin treatment. We show that compared with sensitive ALL cells, resistant leukemia cells possess a fundamentally rewired central metabolism characterized by reduced dependence on glutamine despite a lack of expression of glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), a higher demand for glucose and an altered rate of fatty acid beta-xidation, accompanied by a decreased pantothenic acid uptake capacity. We experimentally validate our findings by selectively targeting components of this metabolic switch, using approved drugs and starvation approaches followed by cell viability analyses in both the ALL cells and in an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) sensitive/resistant cell line pair. We demonstrate how comparative metabolomics andRNAexpression profiling of drug-sensitive and -resistant cells expose targetable metabolic changes and potential resistance markers. Our results show that drug resistance is associated with significant metabolic costs in cancer cells, which could be exploited using new therapeutic strategies.
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| 19. |
- Ulla Khan, Athiq, et al.
(författare)
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Behavior of Confined Self-Compacting Concrete under Compression at Elevated Temperatures
- 2023
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 13:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is gaining popularity in constructiondue to its exceptional strength and durability. However, the properties of combined steel andconcrete at elevated temperatures lack experimental data from previous research. This study aimedto investigate the behavior of the SCC core with a steel tube at ambient and elevated temperaturesvarying from 100 ◦C to 800 ◦C with 100 ◦C intervals for each test specimen. Tests were conducted oncircular steel tubes filled with SCC for different grades (M25, M30, and M40) under compression atelevated temperatures. Experimental observations revealed that the stress–strain curve increasedwith increasing the cross-sectional area and grade of concrete. However, increasing the temperatureand length-to-diameter ratio reduced the stress–strain curve. At elevated temperatures, confined SCCexperienced a smaller decrease in the overall modulus of elasticity when compared to unconfinedconcrete. Within the compressive elastic region (from 30 ◦C to 400 ◦C), there was a significantrelationship between lateral strain and longitudinal strain, which was followed by a sudden increasebeyond 400 ◦C. Equations for various design parameters were proposed based on the peak load andconfinement factor of confined SCC-filled steel tubes (SCCFSTs) via multiple regression. Moreover,this study developed load–axial shortening curves, identifying significant properties such as the yieldstrength of confined SCCFSTs, including the load-carrying capacity. The predicted numerical analysisresults were well aligned with the experimental results, and the findings contributed valuable insightsfor designing resilient and durable combined SCC and steel tube infrastructures.
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| 20. |
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