| 1. |
- Jönsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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För att kunna sköta Ida
- 1993
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett föräldrapar beskriver sina specialhjälpmedel.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jönsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Tekniken i människans tjänst
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tvarsnittsfunderingar utifran 3 utredningar: aldreomsorg i utveckling (SOU 1987:21) Hjalpmedelsverksamhetens utveckling (SOU 1989:39) Ansvaret för aldreomsorgen (DS1989:27)
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| 5. |
- Kitzing, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Communication aids for people with aphasia
- 2005
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 30:1, s. 41-46:30, s. 41-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Abdelmassih Waller, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The Extended Television : Using tangible computing to meet the needs of older persons at a nursing home
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gerontechnology. - : International Society for Gerontechnology (ISG). - 1569-1101 .- 1569-111X. ; 7:1, s. 36-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a person-centred model and a tangible computing approach to better adapt television media to meet two important needs of older people: social inclusion in their immediate surroundings and better support for one’s own reflections. Method The research project was carried out as a part of the construction, planning and implementation of a new nursing home. The implemented infrastructure enabled television watching at three levels: the regular (broadcast programmes), the internal and the personal. The internal level consisted of an in-house broadcast television channel and two media centres placed in common areas. The personal level had individualised functions. The entire concept is referred to as ‘extended television’. This paper describes the early implementation phase of the internal television channel and the personal television photo album. It also examines the consequences of a person-centred model and a tangible computing approach. Participation in the use of the ‘extended television’ together with older people, relatives and care workers, semistructured dialogues with these people, and observations of the television usage were conducted. Furthermore, the care workers were invited to comment on the prototypes very early in the process. Results Both the internal channel and the personal television photo album were used by older residents and iteratively adapted. However, too many factors and routines varied to get statistically sound results. On the other hand, the research shows that the person-centred study design utilised provided positive results in a setting with constantly changing conditions. Discussion This design encourages further investigations regarding how new conceptual television design can enrich the everyday lives of older people. The results also indicate the plausibility of television photo albums providing new opportunities for reminiscence compared to traditional ones, and that the internal channel resulted in possibilities for social inclusion in the nursing home examined.
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| 7. |
- Alaridah, Nader, et al.
(författare)
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Transmission dynamics study of tuberculosis isolates with whole genome sequencing in southern Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological contact tracing complemented with genotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is important for understanding disease transmission. In Sweden, tuberculosis (TB) is mostly reported in migrant and homeless where epidemiologic contact tracing could pose a problem. This study compared epidemiologic linking with genotyping in a low burden country. Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates (n = 93) collected at Scania University Hospital in Southern Sweden were analysed with the standard genotyping method mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) and the results were compared with whole genome sequencing (WGS). Using a maximum of twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as the upper threshold of genomic relatedness noted among hosts, we identified 18 clusters with WGS comprising 52 patients with overall pairwise genetic maximum distances ranging from zero to nine SNPs. MIRU-VNTR and WGS clustered the same isolates, although the distribution differed depending on MIRU-VNTR limitations. Both genotyping techniques identified clusters where epidemiologic linking was insufficient, although WGS had higher correlation with epidemiologic data. To summarize, WGS provided better resolution of transmission than MIRU-VNTR in a setting with low TB incidence. WGS predicted epidemiologic links better which could consolidate and correct the epidemiologically linked cases, avoiding thus false clustering.
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| 8. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Being there
- 2005
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Ingår i: Disability & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0968-7599 .- 1360-0508. ; 20:7, s. 719-733
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the use of the Internet as experienced by people with significant mobility/physicalimpairments who are accustomed to using computers. The study is based on interviews andfocuses on computer usage in everyday action and interaction. In many cases, the possibilities thatthe computer and Internet offer have meant not only important improvements in quality of life, butfirst-time occurrences of great personal significance. The analysis is phenomenographic, resultingin main categories and subcategories, illustrated primarily through direct quotations. The threemain categories are independence, communication, and learning.
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| 9. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling design
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ergonomics for Rehabilitation Professionals. - Boca Raton : CRC Press. - 9780849381461 ; , s. 477-506
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designed to meet the diverse needs of therapists, this book presents a new approach to rehabilitation that integrates ergonomics concepts to address the wide range of problems commonly encountered by professionals. The first section addresses general concepts such as anthropometry and tissue mechanics. The next section explores whole body biomechanics, demonstrating the ergonomic effects of physiological and biomechanical factors. The third section focuses on regional biomechanics, explaining the rationale for ergonomic intervention. The final section of the text offers with a detailed discussion of the ergonomic paradigm in rehabilitation, including the use of physical demands analysis.
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| 10. |
- Anderberg, Peter
(författare)
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FACE : Disabled People, Technology and Internet
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is based on the Internet experiences of people withsignificant mobility/physical impairments who are proficient andexperienced computer users in their computer world but havelimitations in mobility that severely restrict their functioning inthe physical world. The Internet functioning of this group isanalysed by means of the factors attitude, control and enabling,with the main focus on what is achievable when all accessproblems such as unadapted interfaces, beginners’ difficulties andthe digital divide are overcome. If the virtual world is fullyavailable but the real world is not – what are the effects onlearning, self image, communities of practice, sense of coherence,power and control? What are the effects on peer-to-peer learningand co-operation? Independent living concepts and theoriesmanifest themselves throughout the thesis, most obviously,perhaps, in the selection of issues that are studied and in theperspectives.The theoretical background and concepts are those of disabilitystudies, with a social model and independent living perspective,and with strong influences from rehabilitation engineering anddesign.Throughout the thesis elaborations and clarifications of thepossibilities of interplay and co-existence between rehabilitationengineering and design and disability studies are made. Differentaspects of function design and technology are examined from anexpanded view on functioning, where technology is put in anindividual and social context with the FACE (Function – Attitude, Control, Enabling) tool.
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| 11. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Inside the Internet
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One may begin describing the distance course “IT and Learning- rehabilitation engineering” by saying that it was a great success. Looking back, it is evident that our experience from two years of working with Internet-based teaching prior to the present course was absolutely vital to its favorable outcome. It is difficult to switch from classroom-based to Internet-based teaching. There are mechanisms in Internet-based teaching that must be learned by trial and error. Otherwise, the discrepancy between the official course description and how the course actually turns out may become too great. It is not possible to form a clear overall conception of the course by looking at its different components. The most interesting aspect of the course is what happens at the intersection of technology and educational methodology, and the choice of tools is very important to the outcome of this meeting.
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| 12. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Internet inifrån två: Utvärdering, teknik och reflektioner kring en av våra internetburna kurser
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport handlar så mycket om "Internet inifrån" att titeln gav sig själv – det var bara det att "Internet Inifrån"-titeln redan är upptagen. Den finns sedan i fjol som beteckning på en LTH-kurs som ges i samarbete med företaget AXIS. Denna har ett renodlat inifrånperspektiv ur teknisk synvinkel. I vår kurs kommer inifrånperspektiven däremot från dem som lär sig med hjälp av Internet. Man är inne på nätet, man lär sig via nätet av sina lärare, av varandra, ja, även av sig själv, för det är så mycket i den egna personen som kommer fram, som ploppar upp, när man sitter där och arbetar just med Internet Inifrån. Nog om detta - vi valde att beteckna våra rapport med Internet inifrån två (jfr Gudfadern 2…) för att samtidigt markera att det finns flera inifrån-perspektiv på Internet. Just detta att ta användarens perspektiv, speciellt den funktionshindrade användarens, på tekniken och fördjupa sig i detta snarare än i tekniken i sig är ju f ö det som är Certecs signum totalt sett.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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To make the strange familiar: And to make the familiar strange
- 1998
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Ingår i: NFPF 98, The 26th Annual Congress of the Nordic Society for Educational Research.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through the making of courses in Rehabilitation engineering entirely over the Internet, Certec has pedagogically achieved three things. The most obvious is that our education has become more accessible for disabled students. Not so obvious was the effects that came from making the familiar strange when we were transferring to the net: It was impossible to invent a ‘net-pedagogy’ by doing anything less than viewing the old pedagogy in the old ‘classroom-media’ as if it was a stranger. This made us aware of aspects and perspectives we had never before seen and we could make instant use of these new insights. Finally: we have never before been able to create the range of possibilities, that was now given over the net, for the students to meet disabled persons under extreme conditions. To them this was an eye-opener, one way to ‘make the strange familiar’. Another was that they, as non-disabled, were able to use computer-based assistive technology and through this could get an insight into the difference that this could make for the disabled person. In our paper we will present an elaboration of the pedagogical an technical concept, its background, its observed effects and our plans for the future.
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| 15. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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USA överlägset Sverige
- 1997
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt).
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 16. |
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Att utmana stressen
- 2005
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stress som begrepp har dessvärre kommit att stå för allt och inget. Samhällets reaktioner på överbelastning och sjukskrivningar har till stor del kommit att resultera i dellösningar som inte räcker särskilt långt. Här diskuterar sju forskare vad som är sj
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Axelsson, Bodil, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Studying Emerging New Contexts for Museum Digitisations on Pinterest
- 2021
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Ingår i: Selected Papers from the CLARIN Annual Conference 2020. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789179296094 ; , s. 24-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a SweClarin cooperation project we apply topic modelling to the texts found with pins in Pin-terest boards. The data in focus are digitisations of Viking Age finds from the Swedish History Museum and the underlying research question is how they are given new contextual meanings in boards. We illustrate how topic modelling can support interpretation of polysemy and culturally situated meanings. It expands on the employment of topic modelling by accentuating the necessity of interpretation in every step of the process from capturing and cleaning the data, to modelling and visualisation. The paper concludes that the national context of digitisations of Viking Age jewellery in the Swedish History Museum’s collection management system is re-placed by several transnational contexts in which Viking Age jewellery is appreciated for its symbolical meanings and decorative functions in contemporary genres for re-imagining, relivingand performing European pasts and mythologies. The emerging contexts on Pinterest also high-light the business opportunities involved in genres such as reenactment, neo-paganism, lajv and fantasy. The boards are clues to how digitisations serve as prototypes for replicas.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Bengtsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Sterility and oxygenator function in pre-primed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A prospective clinical study
- 2024
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Ingår i: RESUSCITATION PLUS. - 2666-5204. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Minimizing cardiac arrest times is critical in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Pre-primed extra corporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) is used for this, but knowledge is limited to experimental studies. We prospectively investigated oxygenator function and sterility in dry plus wet pre-priming in a clinical setting. Methods: This prospective clinical study included 107 ECMO circuits used at Sahlgrenska University Hospital between October 2019 and December 2021. Circuits underwent dry set-up, followed by wet priming when the previous wet-primed circuit was used. Sterility was assessed by culturing the priming solution. Oxygenator function parameters, including sweep gas flow, fraction of oxygen (FiO(2)), and oxygenator resistance, were analyzed at ECMO initiation and during treatment using linear mixed models. Results: Median total set-up time was 14 days (range 0-97), with a median wet prime time of 6 days (range 0-57). 103 of 105 circuits with culture results were negative, two showed bacterial growth (coagulase-negative staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes). Wet prime time did not significantly affect initial oxygenator function. Oxygenator resistance and FiO(2) increased during ECMO treatment (0.035 mmHg/L min(-1) (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.015-0.055) P < 0.001, and 2.19 % (0.92-3.46) P = 0.009), but these changes were unrelated to wet prime time. Conclusion: Wet pre-priming of ECMO circuits for up to 57 days did not affect oxygenator function. The low incidence of bacterial growth (1.9 %) suggests that pre-primed ECMO generally maintain sterility and can facilitate rapid ECPR initiation. However, bacterial growth highlights the need for caution in non-urgent cases. Culturing the circuit at initiation can mitigate this risk.
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| 24. |
- Brattberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Pedagogik för rehabilitering
- 2005
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Ingår i: Smärta. - 1402-1048. ; :3, s. 16-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
- Brattberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Återvinning av människor
- 2005
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Ingår i: Att utmana stressen. - 9789144047065 ; , s. 108-129
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Disclosing the secrets of braille reading: Computer-aided registration and interactive analysis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Visual Impairment Research. - 1388-235X. ; 8:3, s. 49-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pilot project reported here utilized the first technology ever developed for the computerized on-line registration and analysis of finger movements during Braille reading. Five congenitally blind subjects performed tactile reading of pedagogically carefully selected texts. Two specialists in visual impairments analyzed the computer-registered reading activities using specially designed interaction software. The subjects themselves were interviewed and contributed to discussions about their own individual reading styles. The analyses of this first handful of subjects reveal a number of important strategies and preferences with regard to on-line tactile reading. Further, the results challenge several assumptions and practices in Braille teaching. This pilot project lays the foundation for more comprehensive large-scale studies - both cross-sectional and longitudinal ones - studies long wanted in the domain of tactile reading.
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| 27. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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En Minimeter till Emma
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Enlightened: The art of finger reading
- 2008
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Ingår i: Studia Linguistica. - : Wiley. - 1467-9582 .- 0039-3193. ; 62:3, s. 249-260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For some forty years the eye-tracking technology has facilitated the study of eye movement patterns for sighted people during reading and other visual activities. Today – a newly developed automatic finger tracking system makes it possible to reconstruct blind people’s tactile reading in real time and to automatically analyze finger movements during Braille text reading and tactile picture recognition. In this case study, the very first automatic finger tracking system is presented together with results indicating how Braille readers can increase awareness of their own reading styles. This opens up for future Braille education to become more evidence-based and, at the same time, for a new research field: contrastive studies of language in its auditory, visual and tactile manifestations.
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| 29. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Raytracing in the compensation of the peripheral optics of the eye
- 2000
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Ingår i: Historielärarnas Förenings Årsskrift. - 0439-2434.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: Many people with a visual impairment have only peripheral vision. However, there is limited knowledge of the peripheral optics of the eye and only some measurements are available in this field. Methods: We simulated the paths of peripheral rays through the eye by means of raytracing. Five programs were compared. The OSLO raytracing software proved to be not only the best one in these circumstances but we also found it very well suited to our purpose. Remaining uncertainties are entirely due to a lack of input data about the peripheral part of the optical system of the eye. We designed compensatory optics on the basis of the test results. Results: Lenses have been manufactured in accordance with the calculations made by the program for angles of incidence of 20, 40, and 60 degrees. The lenses are high compensation astigmatic lenses. The results of perimeter examinations of changes in peripheral vision using attachment optics were inconclusive, while tests of the lenses as attachments in front of a fundus camera produced successful preliminary results. Conclusion: The next step is to test peripheral vision compensatory optics in traffic situations (driving simulator). At the same time attempts are being made to find methods and instruments for measuring the peripheral optics of the eye. Keywords: astigmatism, central scotoma, raytracing, macula degeneration, peripheral vision.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Brudey, Karine, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in western Sweden.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical microbiology. - 0095-1137. ; 42:7, s. 3046-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among patients from Sweden was determined by a combination of two PCR-based techniques (spoligotyping and variable number of tandem repeats analysis). It resulted in a clustering of 23.6% of the isolates and a rate of recent transmission of 14.1%. The clustered isolates mainly belonged to the Haarlem family (23.2%), followed by the Beijing (9.8%), Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM; 8%), and East African-Indian (EAI; 6.2%) families. A comparison of the spoligotypes with those in the international spoligotyping database showed that 62.5% of the clustered isolates and 36.6% of all isolates typed were grouped into six major shared types. A comparison of the spoligotypes with those in databases for Scandinavian countries showed that 33% of the isolates belonged to an ill-defined T family, followed by the EAI (22%), Haarlem (20%), LAM (11%), Central Asian (5%), X (5%), and Beijing (4%) families. Both the highest number of cases and the proportion of clustered cases were observed in patients ages 15 to 39 years. Nearly 10% of the isolates were resistant to one or more drugs (essentially limited to isoniazid monoresistance). However, none of the strains were multidrug resistant. Data on the geographic origins of the patients showed that more than two-thirds of the clustered patients with tuberculosis were foreign-born individuals or refugees. These results are explained on the basis of both the historical links within specific countries and recently imported cases of tuberculosis into Sweden.
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| 32. |
- Brunkwall, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) : design, methods and first results.
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 36, s. 103-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As cardio metabolic disease manifestations tend to cluster in families there is a need to better understand the underlying mechanisms in order to further develop preventive strategies. In fact, genetic markers used in genetic risk scores, important as they are, will not be able alone to explain these family clusters. Therefore, the search goes on for the so called missing heritability to better explain these associations. Shared lifestyle and social conditions in families, but also early life influences may be of importance. Gene-environmental interactions should be explored. In recent years interest has grown for the role of diet-microbiota associations, as microbiota patterns may be shared by family members. In the Malmö Offspring Study that started in 2013, we have so far been able to examine about 4700 subjects (18-71 years) representing children and grandchildren of index subjects from the first generation, examined in the Malmö Diet Cancer Study during 1991 to 1996. This will provide rich data and opportunities to analyse family traits of chronic disease across three generations. We will provide extensive genotyping and phenotyping including cardiovascular and respiratory function, as well as markers of glucose metabolism. In addition, also cognitive function will be assessed. A 4-day online dietary recall will be conducted and gut as well as oral microbiota analysed. The ambition is to provide one of the first large-scale European family studies with individual data across three generations, which could deepen our knowledge about the role of family traits for chronic disease and its underlying mechanisms.
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| 33. |
- Bryant, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Emergence and spread of a human-transmissible multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterium
- 2016
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 354:6313, s. 751-757
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lung infections with Mycobacterium abscessus, a species of multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacteria, are emerging as an important global threat to individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), in whom M. abscessus accelerates inflammatory lung damage, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Previously, M. abscessus was thought to be independently acquired by susceptible individuals from the environment. However, using whole-genome analysis of a global collection of clinical isolates, we show that the majority of M. abscessus infections are acquired through transmission, potentially via fomites and aerosols, of recently emerged dominant circulating clones that have spread globally. We demonstrate that these clones are associated with worse clinical outcomes, show increased virulence in cell-based and mouse infection models, and thus represent an urgent international infection challenge.
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| 34. |
- Cajander, Åsa, 1971-
(författare)
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Usability – Who Cares? : The Introduction of User-Centred Systems Design in Organisations
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses the difficulties encountered in the promotion of usability, especially in relation to occupation health issues, when developing IT systems in a public authority. It examines what happens when User-Centred Systems Design (UCSD) approaches are introduced to organisations with in-house systems development for their employees. It studies how stakeholder values affect the outcomes in terms of usability, occupational health, and institutional acceptance. Moreover, new methods are examined and evaluated as potential tools for assisting the adoption of UCSD. These methods are for example Field studies for system developers, Usability coaching for stakeholders and Management views of usability.A stated aim is to influence systems development in practice. Hence an action research paradigm has been employed, carrying out research and change in real life settings, gathering and analysing data using qualitative techniques.This thesis is based on a constructivist perspective, where theories in the areas of learning and organisational change have been used in order to better understand the research questions.The research demonstrates that most people are enthusiastic to, and interested in, UCSD with a focus on the computerised work environment. Many of the stakeholder groups, such as managers, users, project managers and system developers, changed their construct of identity as well as practice when UCSD was introduced.However, this research shows that there are several values that affect systems development and hinder usability work. These include for example value of rationality and objectivity, and differing values and perspectives underpinning descriptions and discourse on work and systems development. Values such as automation, efficiency, and customer satisfaction shape the development of new technology, and ultimately the tasks, work practices integrated in IT systems.Moreover, the results demonstrate that even though many consider usability as important, few take active responsibility for it, as the title of this thesis suggests.
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| 35. |
- Caltenco, Héctor, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Computer Users With Tetraplegia: Survey of Assistive Technology Users
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-7590 .- 1044-7318. ; 28:4, s. 258-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An online survey in the form of a questionnaire was conducted to obtain the opinion of computer users with tetraplegia on their current computer interfaces and to assess desirable applications for future independent control using assistive devices. The survey included questions related to information about the respondents' injury/disease, everyday activities and social life, electronic devices and computer programs, evaluation of computer interfaces, and desirable applications for assistive devices. The survey was distributed via tetraplegia associations, magazines, and Internet forums mainly in Denmark and Sweden, but also through other European and American associations. Thirty-one completed questionnaires were collected from individuals with spinal cord injury and other neuromuscular diseases that resulted in tetraplegia. Respondents evaluated gaze and head trackers; speech recognition systems; chin, mouth, and hand joysticks; sip and puff interfaces; and typing sticks. Most interfaces were evaluated in a range from neutral to good. Users expressed a desire for applications to independently control wheelchairs, television sets, doors, and windows. This is, as far as is known, the first study that compares a wide range of current commercial computer interfaces that have been used as part of the users' everyday lives. The answers are useful for designing and developing alternative computer interfaces and assistive devices and for computer-interface users to identify a computer-interface fitting more to his or her needs.
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| 36. |
- Danielsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Bilder som språk
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Conference on Language and Visualisation.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna föreläsning syftar till att synliggöra en potential och att bjuda in intresserade att vara med och utnyttja potentialen i fråga. Detta är bakgrunden: Certec har med början i Isaac-projektet från 1993 utvecklat ett tekniskt/pedagogiskt koncept baserat på Bilden som språk för människor som har ett svagt talspråk eller inget alls. Det finns ett antal fallstudier (egna och andras) av växelverkan mellan människor med olika sorters kognitiva funktionshinder och en mångfald av digitala bilder (över 1000, ofta långt över 10000). Det finns också en spirande och alltmer allmän användning av digitala bilder i särskola, omsorgsverksamhet, autismsammanhang och psykiatri. Därtill finns det erfarenheter från en bildwebboard där bilden-som-språk-engagerade människor delger varandra sina erfarenheter. Vi kan alltså på exempelnivå både göra och dokumentera vad som görs samt vilka effekter detta har. Men fortfarande, 8 år senare, kan vi inte genomföra tillräckligt kvalificerade och därtill relevanta analyser och värderingar eftersom vi inte kunnat hitta applicerbara förklaringsmodeller till effekterna, ej heller relevanta grundläggande teorier som man kan luta sig mot. Detta är djupt otillfredsställande, och vi vädjar nu om hjälp. Om vi tillsammans kan identifiera relevanta gamla eller skapa nya användvärda teoretiska fundament, kan effekterna bli åtminstone tvåfaldiga. Den ena är att man bättre kan förstå och nyttiggöra hittills uppnådda resultat. Den andra är att det med goda teorier i botten bör finnas utmärkta förutsättningar för inspiration till än mer verkningsfulla implementeringar än dem vi hittills utfört. Artikeln innehåller en övergripande beskrivning och referenser till Certec-relaterat arbete på detta området under 8 år samt därtill en litteraturöversikt som visar hur svårt vi hittills haft och har att hitta hållpunkter i etablerad vetenskap.
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| 37. |
- Danielsson, Henrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Pictures as language
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Conference on Language and Visualisation,2001.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
- Danielsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Pictures as language
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Conference on Language and Visualisation.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this lecture is to shed light on a potential, and invite those who are interested to join in and make use of this potential. Here is the background: Starting with the Isaac Project in 1993, Certec has developed a technological/educational concept based on pictures as language for people with limited spoken language or none at all. There are a number of case studies (our own and others) of the interaction between people with different types of cognitive disabilities and a multiplicity of personal digital photographs (over 1,000, often well over 10,000). There is also a growing and increasingly widespread use of digital photos in special educational facilities, care-giving services for disabled people, and in the fields of autism and psychiatry. Added to this are the experiences gained from a picture web board in which people involved in using pictures as language have been able to share their experiences with one another. We can provide examples of what has been done and document the effects. But still, 8 years later, we are unable to carry out sufficiently qualified and relevant analyses and assessments because we have not been able to find applicable explanatory models for the effects; neither have we found relevant fundamental theories supporting what we have observed. This is profoundly unsatisfactory and that is why we are now appealing for help. If we, together, can identify relevant existing theoretical foundations, or come up with new useworthy ones, the effects can be at least twofold: On the one hand, we will better be able to understand and make use of the results achieved so far. On the other, with good theories as a basis, excellent prerequisites should exist for inspiration to an even more effective implementation than what we have hitherto accomplished. The article contains a comprehensive description and references to Certec-related work in this area for the past 8 years, as well as a literature review that shows how difficult it has been to find a basis in established scientific research.
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| 39. |
- Eftring, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing better data: The potential for better insight into user's requirements through iterative prototyping
- 1995
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Ingår i: UserTalk. ; :6, s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims at introducing to a wider circle a complementary research approach in user oriented work. Its most fundamental part is the use of technology as a tool for capturing the needs, wishes and dreams of a user. The incitement for us to start developing this method was an experience based, serious, questioning of conventional methods such as interviews, questionnaires, etc, and their capability of revealing user requirements without the users and the researchers being familiar with the technology in question. Mental models developed through iterative prototyping is a key factor in our approach. We consider it necessary to focus on the mental models of the user as well as of the researcher, and on the interference between these models. Unless they produce similar predictions and observable results, their value is limited.
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| 40. |
- Fritzell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Bacteria : back pain, leg pain and Modic sign—a surgical multicentre comparative study
- 2019
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Ingår i: European spine journal. - : Springer. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 28:12, s. 2981-2989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare bacterial findings in pain-generating degenerated discs in adults operated on for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), and mostly also suffering from low back pain (LBP), with findings in adolescent patients with non-degenerated non-pain-generating discs operated on for scoliosis, and to evaluate associations with Modic signs on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) has been found in painful degenerated discs, why it has been suggested treating patients with LDH/LBP with antibiotics. As multidrug-resistant bacteria are a worldwide concern, new indications for using antibiotics should be based on solid scientific evidence.Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, 40 adults with LDH/LBP (median age 43, IQR 33–49) and 20 control patients with scoliosis (median age 17, IQR 15–20) underwent surgery at seven Swedish hospitals. Samples were cultured from skin, surgical wound, discs and vertebrae. Genetic relatedness of C. acnes isolates was investigated using single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. DNA samples collected from discs/vertebrae were analysed using 16S rRNA-based PCR sequencing. MRI findings were assessed for Modic changes.Results: No bacterial growth was found in 6/40 (15%) LDH patients, compared with 3/20 (15%) scoliosis patients. Most positive samples in both groups were isolated from the skin and then from subcutis or deep within the wound. Of the four disc and vertebral samples from each of the 60 patients, 235/240 (98%) were DNA negative by bacterial PCR. A single species, C. acnes, was found exclusively in the disc/vertebra from one patient in each group. In the LDH group, 29/40 (72%) patients had at least one sample with growth of C. acnes, compared to 14/20 (70%) in the scoliosis group. Bacterial findings and Modic changes were not associated.Conclusions: Cutibacterium acnes found in discs and vertebrae during surgery for disc herniation in adults with degenerated discs may be caused by contamination, as findings in this group were similar to findings in a control group of young patients with scoliosis and non-degenerated discs. Furthermore, such findings were almost always combined with bacterial findings on the skin and/or in the wound. There was no association between preoperative Modic changes and bacterial findings. Antibiotic treatment of lumbar disc herniation with sciatica and/or low back pain, without signs of clinical discitis/spondylitis, should be seriously questioned.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Fält, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Vad är rätt? Juridiska och etiska frågor i Certecs vardag
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vardagsarbetet på Certec tangerar ofta etiska och juridiska spörsmål. Detta är mer av godo än av ondo. Det är viktigt för en verksamhet, som bedrivs nära människor, att det etiska samtalet hålls levande, och att frågor ständigt väcks kring vad som kanske rent av är reglerat i lag. Funderingarna och samtalen handlar inte bara om vad som kan vara olagligt eller oetiskt att göra – minst lika ofta gäller det vad som är olagligt eller oetiskt att inte göra
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| 43. |
- Fält, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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What is right? Everyday legal and ethical questions encountered by Certec
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In our daily work at Certec, we often touch upon legal and ethical issues. This is mostly a good thing – it is important that an organization whose work is closely related to individuals carries on a discussion of ethics and constantly raises questions concerning issues that may be regulated by law. In our discussions, not only do we ask ourselves whether a particular action would be unlawful or unethical – just as often we are faced with the question of whether neglecting to do something would be unlawful or unethical
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| 44. |
- Gerland, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Terapi utan empati
- 1997
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Ingår i: Expressen. - 1103-923X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Hedin, Wilhelm, et al.
(författare)
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A Rough Colony Morphology of Mycobacterium abscessus Is Associated With Cavitary Pulmonary Disease and Poor Clinical Outcome
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press. - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 227:6, s. 820-827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is a difficult to treat mycobacterium with two distinct morphologies: smooth and rough. As the clinical implications are unclear, we explored the morphology of MABC in relation to disease and outcome.Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study including patients with confirmed MABC in Sweden, 2009-2020, with treatment outcome as the primary outcome. MABC colony morphology was determined by light microscopy on Middlebrook 7H10 agar plates.Results: Of the 71 MABC isolates, a defined morphology could be determined for 63 isolates, of which 40 were smooth (56%) and 23 were rough (32%). Immunosuppression, pulmonary disease, and cavitary lesion on chest radiographs were significantly associated with a rough isolate morphology. Participants with smooth isolates had more favorable treatment outcomes (12/14, 86%) compared to those with rough isolates (3/10, 30%). In an age-adjusted logistic regression, rough morphology of MABC was associated to lower odds of clinical cure compared to smooth morphology (adjusted odds ratio, 0.12; P = .049).Conclusions: Study participants with rough MABC colony morphology of isolates had a worse clinical outcome compared to those with smooth isolates. The biological mechanisms should be further characterized and colony morphology of MABC taken into account during clinical management.
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| 47. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Att så vidare 25
- 2015
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- När Certec i år arrangerar ”Certec informerar” för 25:e gången firar vi det genom att i bild och text ge bort en tankebok med 25 viktiga tankar och tankesätt som vuxit fram under åren som gått.Att skapa ny kunskap tar tid. När vi till vardags håller på med att skapa användvärd teknik genom människonära design är det sällan någon quick fix. Bakom uppnådda resultat finns det en ständigt pågående teori- och metodbildning. Denna påverkar vad som faktiskt blir gjort. Och vad som inte blir gjort. Detta gäller såväl inom forskningen som i samhället i övrigt.Vi vill med denna tankesamling sammanfatta, komplettera och vidga spridningen av Certecs avhandlingar och rapporter, löpsedlar och broschyrer, föreläsningar och verksamhetsberättelser.Vår förhoppning är att du som läsare får tankar, idéer och inspiration som du kan ta med dig vidare i dina egna sammanhang.
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| 48. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Situerad design för alla : till improvisationens lov
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Visionen Design för Alla kan berikas genom att inriktningen på genomtänkta statiska lösningar kompletteras med ett design-för-alla-tänkande också för det dynamiska och situationsbundna. Själva görandet i stunden öppnar för nya möjligheter genom att handlingspotentialen och därmed även tillgängligheten bestäms i själva aktiviteten.Beskrivning och makt är nära förknippade med varandra, och en beskrivningsförskjutning ger följaktligen också en maktförskjutning. I detta fall sker förändringen åt den berörda människans håll och mot hennes möjligheter att improvisera och handla i nuet snarare än att vara tilldelad en färdig förutbestämd ”lösning”.Uppsatsen baseras främst på arbete med datorspels-tillgänglighet i Spelhålan och med interaktiva upplevelsemiljöer i iFields. Den utgår praktiskt och teoretiskt från människan som en aktiv, kreativ och meningssökande varelse. ”Människan” ses genomgående i uppsatsen som människan med sin teknik. Som aktiv, kreativ och meningssökande kan hon dra fördel av en design inriktad inte bara på lösningar för alla utan också på rik handlingspotential. Med det förändrade synsättet blir tillgänglighet inte främst en utifrån fördefinierad egenskap utan en inifrån och i stunden egenupplevd. Den mest tillgängliga tekniken är den anpassningsvänliga och följsamma som kan kröka sig efter människan och erbjuda henne improvisationsmöjligheter och flow.I den nisch av Design för Alla som denna uppsats lyfter fram är en uppdelning i människor med och utan funktionshinder knappast meningsfull. Det avgörande är vad människan kan och vill göra av det ”mellan” som finns mellan henne och omvärlden i själva situationen. Där brukar ”lika möjligheter” inte vara det samma som ”samma möjligheter”. Insatserna i Spelhålan syftade till att tillgängliggöra ett redan befintligt ”mellan”: det i vanliga kommersiella datorspel. Genom att tillföra ett stort antal styrlösningar ökade möjligheterna för nya målgrupper att delta i denna del av ungdomskulturen. Syftet med iFields är att skapa nya ”mellan” där familjer som har barn med funktionshinder kan mötas under andra betingelser än dem som råder i vardagen. I den icke-fysiska världen kan det vara lättare än i den fysiska att bygga på individuell handlingspotential, men överspridningseffekterna till den verkliga världen kan också vara betydande.Beskrivningsförskjutningen har dynamiska effekter, inte bara på tekniksidan (där en aktiv teknik får en annan och starkare ställning) utan också på människosidan. En människa som vänjer sig vid att det i stunden finns möjligheter inom räckhåll och att hon klarar sig med hjälp av dessa präglas av sina erfarenheter till att också få andra förväntningar på att klara sig nästa gång. Förväntningarna gäller både henne själv och hennes mänskliga och tekniska omvärld.
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| 49. |
- Hedvall, Per-Olof
(författare)
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The Activity Diamond - Modeling an Enhanced Accessibility
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the research presented in this thesis is to enhance the field of accessibility to include a multitude of perspectives. Based on cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), it analyzes how human, artifactual and natural factors impact an individual’s possibilities to act in concrete situations that are part of a systemic whole. The thesis presents two main results: An enhanced accessibility encompassing: Epiaccessibility, accessibility’s spirit of the times, stands for how experiences of activities alter accessibility capacities, learning, expectations, attitudes, trust, demands and denials of the individual and her human, artifactual and natural environments. Lived accessibility, which includes the anticipations and the experienced conditions of a person to be able to do what she wants in a concrete situation. Planned accessibility, which consists of all the accessibility factors that can be created beforehand based on plans, guidelines and principles. The Activity Diamond, a model for accessibility: The Activity Diamond portrays a human activity system, where the subject-object relation is mediated and thus influenced by the human, artifactual and natural environments. The model is based on four interrelated sets of factors and is situated in time and place. Different actors with different activity systems may be involved. The model can be also used longitudinally in time. The thesis is based on a series of explorative studies in which the analysis unit is shifted from impairments and discriminatory factors in society to unique individual activity systems where humans, artifacts and nature together influence accessibility. The thesis contains the following four papers: The Activity Diamond: a model for multifaceted I. accessibility. Status: Submitted to The Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, May 5, 2009. An Activity Systemic Approach to Augmentative and II. Alternative Communication. Status: Submitted to the AAC Journal, July 24, 2009. Towards the Era of Mixed Reality: Accessibility Meets III. Three Waves of HCI. Status: Full paper presented at USAB 2009 (Usability & HCI Learning from the Extreme), November 10, 2009, http://usab.icchp.org/. Submitted July 21, 2009. Accepted September 11, 2009. An activity theoretical approach to the International IV. Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Status: Submitted to Disability and Rehabilitation October 30, 2009.
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| 50. |
- Henning, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Rekommenderade metoder Diagnostik av infektioner i blod orsakade av bakterier och svamp
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I detta dokument beskrivs rekommenderade metoder för blododling inkluderat fungemi(svampinfektion i blod) samt metodik för diagnostik av endokardit och misstanke om infektion relaterad till kärlkatetrar. Rekommendationerna är baserade på internationella riktlinjer och relevant vetenskaplig litteratur. Där det finns icke tillräcklig vetenskapligt stöd har arbetsgruppen antingen avstått från en rekommendation eller givit en rekommendation baserad på de ingående medlemmarnas erfarenhet och kunnande.
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