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1.	Dahlbom, Lena, et al. (författare) Gender and overconfidence: Are girls really overconfident? 2011 Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. ; 18:4, s. 325-327 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
2.	Jakobsson, Niklas, 1981-, et al. (författare) Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Marriage: The Case of Scandinavia 2013 Ingår i: Journal of Homosexuality. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0091-8369 .- 1540-3602. ; 60:9, s. 1349-1360 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that explain attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Using recently collected Scandinavian data (from Norway and Sweden) with a high response rate, this study shows that gender, regular participation in religious activities, political ideology, education, whether the respondent lived in the capital city, and attitudes toward gender equality were important for attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Age and income were not important for attitudes toward same-sex marriage. Although both Norwegians and Swedes clearly favor same-sex marriage, Swedes are significantly more positive than Norwegians.
3.	Modig, Niclas, 1973- (författare) Hur kan ekonomi göras begripligt? : En studie om villkor för kraftfull ekonomiundervisning i samhällskunskap 2023 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis seeks to understand what constitutes important economics knowledge from a disciplinary perspective and how such knowledge is recontextualized in textbooks and teacher training to become teachable to social studies students in Sweden’s upper secondary schools. It consists of four substudies: two covering disciplinary economics knowledge and two covering preservice social studies teachers. The first and second substudies focus on disciplinary economics knowledge. The first substudy, which was based on an online questionnaire for Swedish economics scholars at higher education institutions, shows that six economics terms/principles are especially important for people to understand. Such knowledge may be considered powerful economics knowledge. The second substudy demonstrates that there are great variations in the extent to which powerful economics terms appear in Swedish social studies textbooks and in how the language used shifts between everyday and scientific language. There is a risk that not all learners are given equal preconditions to develop economics knowledge through social studies textbooks. The third and fourth substudies focus on how preservice social studies teachers develop the ability to teach economic knowledge and show that students’ individual pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) depends on theoretical and practical studies. Students are unconfident about their economics knowledge, which may negatively affect their willingness and ability to teach economics when they become in-service social studies teachers.Overall, there appears to be a problem with the recontextualization of economics knowledge in Swedish social studies textbooks and with economics education for preservice social studies teachers. This may negatively affect economics education. As a result, it is important to strengthen preservice social studies teachers’ economics knowledge through increased economics content during teacher training. The importance of imparting powerful economics knowledge and shifting between everyday and scientific language in textbooks and during teaching needs to be highlighted for policymakers, textbook authors, and teacher educators.
4.	Störe, Siri Jakobsson, et al. (författare) Sleep researchers' rankings of sleep journals 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 32:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The impact factor is used to rank the quality of scientific journals but has been criticised for a number of reasons. The aim of the study was to investigate sleep researchers' perceptions of sleep journals to determine whether subjective rankings of journals were in line with the journals' impact factors. Clarivate's Journal Citation Reports website was used to identify journals containing the words 'sleep' or 'dream' in the titles with an impact factor since 2018, resulting in 12 journals. A survey including questions about how the respondent would rank these journals (e.g., three most prestigious journals) was developed. A total of 122 sleep researchers completed the survey. Sleep, Sleep Medicine Reviews and Journal of Sleep Research were ranked as the three most prestigious sleep journals, in line with the impact factors of the journals. For the rest of the journals, the subjective rankings and impact factors did not correspond as much.
5.	Störe, Siri Jakobsson, et al. (författare) The Effect of Mandala Coloring on State Anxiety : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2022 Ingår i: Art Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0742-1656 .- 2159-9394. ; 39:4, s. 173-181 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of mandala coloring, compared with free drawing on state anxiety in adults. A systematic search for studies yielded eight studies, which constituted a total of 578 participants, with 289 in the mandala coloring group and 289 in the free drawing group. The results indicated that coloring mandala designs was not found to reduce state anxiety significantly more than free drawing. Larger effect sizes were found in the studies with lower precision, indicating some evidence of bias toward finding an effect. The findings suggest that mandala coloring and free drawing are equally effective coloring techniques to achieve anxiety reduction. More high-quality studies are warranted before any recommendations can be made with confidence.
6.	Störe, Siri Jakobsson, et al. (författare) The effect of robot interventions on sleep in adults : a systematic review and network meta-analysis 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). - : American Academy of Sleep Medicine. - 1550-9389 .- 1550-9397. ; 18:7, s. 1877-1884 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Study Objectives: Robotic pets or companion robots have demonstrated positive effects on several emotional and physiological factors in humans. Robots could constitute a complementary or alternative method to treat sleep problems, but individual studies on robots' effectiveness regarding sleep show mixed results. The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of robots, plush toys, and treatment as usual on sleep in adults. Methods: The current study is a systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis of all randomized and cluster randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of robots, plush toys, and treatment as usual on total sleep time in adults. Results: Four studies were included in the analysis. Three studies were considered to have a high risk of bias, whereas one was rated with some concerns. The studies comprised 381 participants. These participants were older adults, with or without dementia, living in nursing homes. The total sleep time was the only common sleep measure included in all 4 studies. The network meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the 3 experimental groups. Conclusions: The robot interventions were not found to have positive effects on total sleep time in older adults compared with plush toys or treatment as usual. Future studies should use robots especially made to target sleep, include a thorough screening of the participants, and exclude people with adequate sleep, select appropriate sleep measures, and report the results appropriately for future meta-analyses.
7.	Andersson, Lisa, et al. (författare) Discrimination in the Norwegian Housing Market : Class, Sex and Ethnicity 2012 Ingår i: Land Economics. - Madison : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0023-7639 .- 1543-8325. ; 88:2, s. 233-240 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We test for gender, class, and ethnic discrimination in the Norwegian rental housing market by using fake application letters. Females, individuals with high job status, and ethnic Norwegians are more likely to receive positive responses. For example, being an Arabic man and working in a warehouse is associated with a 25 percentage point lower probability of receiving a positive response when showing interest in an apartment, as compared to an ethnically Norwegian female economist. We conclude that gender, class, and ethnic discrimination do exist in the Norwegian housing market, and ethnic discrimination seems to be the most prevalent form of discrimination.
8.	Andersson, Lisa, 1982, et al. (författare) Discrimination in the Norwegian Housing Market: Gender, Class and Ethnicity 2012 Ingår i: Land Economics. - 1543-8325. ; 88:2, s. 233-240 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
9.	Bergh, Andreas, et al. (författare) Modern mikroekonomi : marknad, politik och välfärd 2010 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
10.	Bergh, Andreas, et al. (författare) Modern mikroekonomi : Marknad, politik och välfärd 2022. - 5 Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Den här boken ger en pedagogisk och detaljerad genomgång av den mikroekonomi som varit nationalekonomins kärna under snart 100 år: utbud och efterfrågan, nyttoteori och vinstmaximering. Men författarna sätter också in teorin i ett större sammanhang, där institutioner, beteendeekonomi och politik beaktas och analyseras. Målet är att skapa förståelse för hur marknadsekonomin fungerar, men även att ge läsaren verktyg för att analysera statens roll i samhället och vilka institutioner som krävs för att en fungerande marknadsekonomi ska uppstå. Denna femte upplaga har reviderats och uppdaterats genomgående, bland annat med nya avsnitt om plattformsföretag och konkurrens på internet. Dessutom har många övningar med lösningar lagts till och gjorts om.
11.	Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2021 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Detta är den sjunde rapporten i serien Utveckling av undervisning och examination i högre utbildning från den Universitetspedagogiska enheten (UPE), och den femte publikationen som bygger på bidrag från enhetens årliga konferens.I föreliggande rapport kan du ta del av sex olika utvecklingsprojekt inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet. Fem av bidragen i rapporten har utvecklats från projekt som presenterades vid enhetens universitetsgemensamma konferens 2020 och ett bidrag presenterades vid 2017 års konferens. År 2020 var temat Från campus till online då vi ville belysa erfarenheter vi fått till följd av undervisning under Covid-19. Likt tidigare publikationer spänner dock även årets texter över flera olika ämnen. Det handlar bland annat om projektet Rethink:KAU som kartlagt och utvecklat stödet till lärosätets distansstudenter, vilka erfarenheter undervisande personal tar med sig efter att ha behövt ställa om en planerad campuskurs till att bli off-campus eller hur lärare på matematikutbildningen gått tillväga när de tagit fram matriser för självutvärdering, ett digitalt verktyg som stöttar både studenter och lärare. Publicerade texter i rapportserien kan ligga till grund för pedagogisk meritering vid ansökan om att bli meriterad eller excellent inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet.Den Universitetspedagogiska enheten kommer kontinuerligt att ge ut rapporter inom området undervisning och lärande där verksamma lärare och medarbetare delar med sig av erfarenheter från utvecklingsarbeten inom undervisning och examination.
12.	Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2021 2022 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport kan du ta del av åtta olika utvecklingsprojekt inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet. Samtliga bidrag i rapporten har utvecklats från projekt som presenterades vid enhetens universitetsgemensamma konferens 2021, med temat Redefining Learning Spaces. Naturligt nog handlade många presentationer just om hur man behövt omdefiniera eller omvandla sin undervisning på olika sätt till följd av Covid 19-pandemin, men som vanligt presenterades även andra utvecklingsarbeten inom högskolepedagogik. Det handlar bland annat om den nya modellen för universitetslärares kompetensutveckling och behörighetsprövning som införts vid Karlstads universitet, eller hur en omdefiniering av lärandemiljöer och införandet av nya digitala metoder kan underlätta undervisningen för förstaårsstudenter på matematik. Du kan också läsa om hur användandet av en skrivplatta tycks underlätta ekonomistudenters upplevda lärande jämfört med vad en dokumentkamera gör, eller hur seniora psykologstudenter har stöttat förstaårsstudenter i att utveckla och träna färdigheter och förmågor som kan underlätta övergången till högre utbildning.Publicerade texter i rapportserien kan ligga till grund för pedagogisk meritering vid ansökan om att bli meriterad eller excellent inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet.
13.	Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2022 2023 Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I föreliggande rapport kan du ta del av sju olika utvecklingsprojekt inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet. Samtliga bidrag i rapporten har utvecklats från projekt som presenterats vid enhetens universitetspedagogiska konferens.I årets upplaga kan du bland annat läsa om en ny typ av tentamen, en klimatutmaning. Vad händer när studenter uppmanas att under en månads tid göra något annorlunda i sin vardag, så som att resa med cykel eller buss istället för bil? I en annan studie undersöker författarna huruvida det är någon skillnad för studenterna om läraren använder läsplatta eller dokumentkamera i inspelade föreläsningar.Du får även en inblick i hur flexibla nätbaserade kurser för yrkesverksamma, i samverkan med företag och organisationer, kan bidra till det livslånga lärandet, och inte minst vilken roll sociala medier kan få när en kurs om vetenskaplig metod plötsligt ställs om till distans i pandemitider. Publicerade texter i rapportserien kan ligga till grund för pedagogisk meritering vid ansökan om att bli meriterad eller excellent inom undervisning och examination vid Karlstads universitet.
14.	Björklund, Mattias, 1971- (författare) Beyond Moral Teaching : Financial Literacy as Citizenship Education 2021 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis explores what financial literacy is, what financial literacy becomes and what financial literacy could become within the context of a citizenship education such as the Swedish upper secondary subject of social studies. Financial literacy does not intuitively converge with social sciences which leaves social studies teachers to both teach and realise financial literacy. Thus, teachers become co-creators of financial literacy as a school subject. This thesis explores this process via two different studies resulting in four research articles. In the first study, semi-structured interviews – analysed through PCK – are used to explore the perceptions of Swedish social studies teachers in upper secondary school regarding financial literacy teaching and learning. The findings include differences between experienced and novice teachers regarding which content knowledge and pedagogical approaches they use. However, all teachers express difficulties fitting financial literacy into social studies, mainly due to a perception of financial literacy primarily being a private matter, along with the unclear relationship between financial and societal issues. The second study is designed as a financial literacy teaching intervention. Students’ views on a financial dilemma are analysed using citizenship conceptions and threshold concepts. The findings are used to discuss design principles for financial literacy teaching. Salient conclusions in the thesis include citizenship education being able to frame financial literacy and provide epistemic features which can make financial literacy more teachable and learnable. It is hoped that the results from this thesis can inform future financial literacy teaching design as well as policy discussion related to financial literacy teaching and learning contextualised with another subject, especially citizenship education.
15.	Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al. (författare) Are fire safe cigarettes actually fire safe? : Evidence from changes in US state laws 2018 Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 24:3, s. 193-198 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of fire safe cigarette laws on fire mortality and cigarette-related fires in the USA.METHODS: We examined the gradual implementation of the laws to identify their average effects, using difference-in-differences analysis to account for common year effects, time-invariant state effects, state-specific trends and observable time-varying state-level covariates.RESULTS: We found no statistically significant effects on all-cause fire mortality, residential fire mortality or cigarette-caused fire rates. The estimates for cigarette-caused fire deaths were significant under some specifications, but were not robust to the inclusion of state-specific trends or comparisons to effects on other cause-determined fires.CONCLUSIONS: Given the mixed state of our results, we conclude that previous claims regarding the effects of fire safe cigarette laws may be premature.
16.	Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al. (författare) The Effects of Bicycle Helmets and Helmet Legislation on the Severity of Children’s Head Injuries Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
17.	Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al. (författare) Universities as engines for regional growth? : Using the synthetic control method to analyze the effects of research universities 2016 Ingår i: Regional Science and Urban Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0166-0462 .- 1879-2308. ; 60, s. 198-207 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Are research universities important for regional growth and development? We study the impact on the regional economy of granting research university status to three former university colleges in three different regions in Sweden. We analyze the development in the treated regions compared to a set of control regions that are created using the synthetic control method. We find small or no effects on the regional economy. Our findings cast doubt on the effectiveness of research universities in fostering regional growth and development We contribute to the existing research by using a more credible identification strategy in assessing the effects of universities on the regional economy compared to what has usually been used in previous studies.
18.	Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al. (författare) Vaccination nudges : A study of pre-booked COVID-19 vaccinations in Sweden 2022 Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 309, s. 1-11 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A nudge changes people’s actions without removing their options or altering their incentives. During the COVID-19 vaccine rollout, the Swedish Region of Uppsala sent letters with pre-booked appointments to inhabitants aged16–17 instead of opening up manual appointment booking. Using regional and municipal vaccination data, wedocument a higher vaccine uptake among 16- to 17-year-olds in Uppsala compared to untreated control regions(constructed using the synthetic control method as well as neighboring municipalities). The results highlight pre-booked appointments as a strategy for increasing vaccination rates in populations with low perceived risk.
19.	Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al. (författare) When do default nudges work? 2023 Ingår i: Oxford Open Economics. - : Oxford University Press. - 2752-5074. ; 2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Nudging is a burgeoning topic in science and in policy, but evidence on the effectiveness of nudges among differentially incentivized groups is lacking. This paper exploits regional variations in the rollout of the Covid-19 vaccine in Sweden to examine the effect of a nudge on groups whose intrinsic incentives are different: 16- to 17-year-olds, for whom Covid-19 is not dangerous, and 50- to 59-year-olds, who face a substantial risk of death or severe disease. We find a significantly stronger response in the younger group compared with the older (11.7 vs 3.6 percentage point increase in our study period), consistent with the theory that nudges are more effective for choices that are not meaningful to the individual.
20.	Bridel, Claire, et al. (författare) Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 2019 Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 76:9, s. 1035-1048 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Importance Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been compared systematically to date.Objectives To assess the associations of age, sex, and diagnosis with NfL in CSF (cNfL) and to evaluate its potential in discriminating clinically similar conditions.Data Sources PubMed was searched for studies published between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, reporting cNfL levels (using the search terms neurofilament light and cerebrospinal fluid) in neurological or psychiatric conditions and/or in HC.Study Selection Studies reporting NfL levels measured in lumbar CSF using a commercially available immunoassay, as well as age and sex.Data Extraction and Synthesis Individual-level data were requested from study authors. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the fixed effects of age, sex, and diagnosis on log-transformed NfL levels, with cohort of origin modeled as a random intercept.Main Outcome and Measure The cNfL levels adjusted for age and sex across diagnoses.Results Data were collected for 10 059 individuals (mean [SD] age, 59.7 [18.8] years; 54.1% female). Thirty-five diagnoses were identified, including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (n = 2795), dementias and predementia stages (n = 4284), parkinsonian disorders (n = 984), and HC (n = 1332). The cNfL was elevated compared with HC in a majority of neurological conditions studied. Highest levels were observed in cognitively impaired HIV-positive individuals (iHIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington disease. In 33.3% of diagnoses, including HC, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD), cNfL was higher in men than women. The cNfL increased with age in HC and a majority of neurological conditions, although the association was strongest in HC. The cNfL overlapped in most clinically similar diagnoses except for FTD and iHIV, which segregated from other dementias, and PD, which segregated from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.Conclusions and Relevance These data support the use of cNfL as a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage and indicate that age-specific and sex-specific (and in some cases disease-specific) reference values may be needed. The cNfL has potential to assist the differentiation of FTD from AD and PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
21.	Broberg, Karin, et al. (författare) Att inte debattera är inte ett alternativ 2019 Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet, Stockholm. - 1101-2412. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
22.	Broberg, Karin, et al. (författare) Vi måste ta ställning till den nya gentekniken 2019 Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet, Stockholm. - 1101-2412. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
23.	Byström, Karin, 1973-, et al. (författare) Getting started : reaching out to the Uppsala University hospital 2012 Ingår i: Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries. - 1841-0715. ; 8:3, s. 6-8 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The poster describes the results of an outreach project at the Medical Library at Uppsala University library. During one year many different approaches were tested to increase the knowledge of the hospital staff’s needs, and to create new ways to communicate with them. Activities tried include lunch-time information meetings, “info point”, reference group discussions, Facebook and 15 minutes – short presentations for clinic meetings. The activities were evaluated and some will become a part of the regular library workflow. The poster highlights the fact that libraries can test many different approaches on a small scale, to see which are suitable for their library.
24.	Chauca Strand, Gabriella, 1995, et al. (författare) Assessment of the clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence in the reimbursement decisions of new cancer drugs 2022 Ingår i: ESMO Open. - : Elsevier. - 2059-7029. ; 7:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: This study aimed to describe the clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence supporting reimbursementdecisions of new cancer drugs and analyze the influence of trial characteristics and the cost per quality-adjusted lifeyears (QALYs) on the likelihood of reimbursement in Sweden.Patients and methods: Data were extracted from all appraisal dossiers for new cancer drugs seeking reimbursement inSweden and claiming added therapeutical value between the years 2010 and 2020. The data were analyzed usingdescriptive statistics, and logistic regression models were also used with the cost per QALY, study design,comparator, and evidence on final outcomes in the clinical trials as predictors of reimbursement.Results: All 60 included appraisals were based on trial evidence that assessed at least one final outcome (overallsurvival [OS] or quality of life [QoL]), although rarely as a primary outcome. Of the appraisals with a final decision(n ¼ 58), 79% were approved for reimbursement. Among the reimbursed drugs, only half had trial evidencedemonstrating improved OS or QoL. Only one drug had trial evidence supporting improvements in both OS andQoL. The average cost per QALY for reimbursed cancer drugs was estimated to be 748 560 SEK (V73 583). A highercost per QALY was found to decrease the likelihood of reimbursement by 9.4% for every 100 000 SEK (V9830)higher cost per QALY (P ¼ 0.03). For cost-effectiveness models without direct evidence of improvements in finaloutcomes, a larger QALY gain was observed compared with those with evidence mainly relying on intermediate andsurrogate outcomes.Conclusions: There are substantial uncertainties in the clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence underlyingreimbursement decisions of new cancer drugs. Decision makers should be cautious of the limited evidence onpatient-centered outcomes and the implications of allocating resources to expensive treatments with uncertainvalue for money.
25.	Chauca Strand, Gabriella, 1995, et al. (författare) Cancer Drugs Reimbursed with Limited Evidence on Overall Survival and Quality of Life : Do Follow-Up Studies Confirm Patient Benefits? 2023 Ingår i: Clinical drug investigation. - : Springer. - 1173-2563 .- 1179-1918. ; 43:8, s. 621-633 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and ObjectiveCancer drug costs have increased considerably within healthcare systems, but many drugs lack quality-of-life (QoL) and overall survival (OS) data at the time of reimbursement approval. This study aimed to review the extent of subsequent literature documenting improvements in OS and QoL for cancer drug indications where no such evidence existed at the time of reimbursement approval.MethodsDrug indications with claims of added therapeutical value but a lack of evidence on OS and QoL that were reimbursed between 2010 and 2020 in Sweden were included for review. Searches were conducted in PubMed and ClinicalTrial.gov for randomized controlled trials examining OS and QoL.ResultsOf the 22 included drug indications, seven were found to have at least one trial with conclusive evidence of improvements in OS or QoL after a mean follow-up of 6.6 years. The remaining 15 drug indications either lacked subsequent randomized controlled trial data on OS or QoL (n = 6) or showed no statistically significant improvements (n = 9). Only one drug demonstrated evidence of improvement in both OS and QoL for its indication.ConclusionsA considerable share of reimbursed cancer drug indications continue to lack evidence of improvement in both OS and QoL. With limited healthcare resources and an increasing cancer burden, third-party payers have strong incentives to require additional post-reimbursement data to confirm any improvements in OS and QoL.
26.	Dahlbom, L, et al. (författare) Gender and Overconfidence : Are Girls really overconfident? 2011 Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 18:4, s. 325-327 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Previous research finds that people are overconfident and that men are more overconfident than women. Using a very precise confidence measure, this article shows, however, that whereas boys are overconfident, girls are actually underconfident regarding their mathematics performance. We conducted a survey where 14-year-old high school students were asked what grade they thought they would get in a mathematics test a week later. These results were then compared with their actual grade. Boys were overconfident about their grades, whereas girls were underconfident.
27.	De Poli, Silvia, et al. (författare) The drowning-refugee effect : media salience and xenophobic attitudes 2017 Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 24:16, s. 1167-1172 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We study whether salient media coverage of refugees drowning in the Mediterranean affects individual xenophobic attitudes. We combine a randomized survey experiment - a variant of the classic trolley dilemma' - that implicitly elicits individual attitudes towards foreigners, with variation in interview timing, and find that such issue salience significantly decreases xenophobic attitudes by 2.2 percentage points. Our results thus support the idea that exposure to news describing immigrants as victims (instead of a threat) can significantly affect public opinion and mitigate bias against immigrants.
28.	Degerman, Marcus, et al. (författare) Constrained optimization of a preparative ion-exchange step for antibody purification 2006 Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673. ; 1113:1-2, s. 92-100 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Today, the optimization of chromatographic separation is usually based on experimental work and rule of thumb. The process and analytical technology (PAT) initiative, of the US Food and Drug Administration, has provided the opportunity of using model-based approach when designing downstream processing of pharmaceutical substances. A nonlinear chromatography model was used in this study to optimize a preparative ion-exchange separation step involving two components. Separation was simulated with the general rate model employing Langmuir kinetics. Optimization was performed with an indirect method allowing constraints on the purity, thus avoiding sub-optimization, which can lead to noisy objective functions. The six decision variables used in the optimizations were flow rate, loading volume, initial salt concentration in the elution, final salt concentration in the linear elution gradient and the two cut points. A graphical representation of the effect of the decision variables on the objective function was used to verify that the optimization had converged to the true optimum. The optimal operating points, using productivity and yield separately as objective functions, were found and compared with the product of productivity and yield as objective function. The optimum obtained with this objective function had a lower productivity, than the productivity function, but much higher yield, which makes it a good substitute for a cost function. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
29.	Degerman, Marcus, et al. (författare) Designing robust preparative purification processes with high performance 2008 Ingår i: Chemical Engineering & Technology. - : Wiley. - 1521-4125 .- 0930-7516. ; 31:6, s. 875-882 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the production of pharmaceutical drugs, a large part of the production costs stem from the downstream processing and the chromatographic purifications required. In order to reduce purification costs the process performance must be increased, which means that the processes need to be less robust since robustness comes with the price of lower process performance, and thus, higher production costs. It is difficult to find a good estimate of the robustness of a process experimentally, and therefore, the pharmaceutical industry has been forced to design processes to be very robust. This work presents a model-based method for optimizing purification processes both with regard to performance and robustness. A model of chromatographic processes and methods of calibration are presented. The model is then used to determine the operating conditions with highest performance when robustness is not taken into account. With this as a starting point, the process is then optimized for higher robustness and lower probability of batch failure. The purification of Immunoglobulin G through ion exchange chromatography is used to demonstrate the method.
30.	Degerman, Marcus, et al. (författare) Modeling and optimization of preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography for insulin purification 2007 Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673. ; 1162:1, s. 41-49 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper presents a model for reversed-phase purification of insulin from desamido insulin. The system is described by a reaction dispersive model with a competitive Langmuir isotherm. A model building and calibration method is presented and the model's region of validity is defined. The model is calibrated using only two-component experiments on the raw mixture by the inverse method and then experimentally validated. The model is then used to optimize the system's production rate with both purity and yield requirements. The yield requirement is varied between 80 and 95% to study the effect on the production rate and the operating point. The operating points found with the optimization were found outside the model's region of validity, but the experimental validation of the operating points shows that the model can be extrapolated to the interesting operating points. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
31.	Degerman, Marcus, et al. (författare) Optimization method for an ion exchange separation step 2005 Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - 1873-4863. ; 118:Supplement 1, s. 61-61 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
32.	Drange, Ida, et al. (författare) Incentive Effects of Cash Benefits among Young People : A Natural Experiment from Norway 2018 Ingår i: Journal of Social Policy. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0047-2794 .- 1469-7823. ; 48:1, s. 107-125 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Prior research on active labour market programmes (ALMPs) for young people has revealed either no effect or negative effects on transition rates into employment. In addition to accessing the programme content, participation in ALMPs bestows the right to a supplementary benefit. Yet, the direct effect of this benefit on the use and outcome of ALMPs remains largely unknown. We study the effects of a Norwegian policy that pays much higher benefits to recipients when they reach 19 years of age. This policy provides a natural experimental setting that allows us to utilise the age discontinuity to observe whether young people are more likely to become benefit recipients after their nineteenth birthday, and to estimate the effect of benefits on the labour supply. As age determines the increase in benefits rather than need, it creates a random and exogenous variation in the criteria for allocating cash benefits. We use Norwegian administrative register data that cover all 18 to 19 year olds during the period 2003 to 2012. We find no effect on programme take-up or employment rates. Hence, benefits do not work against the aim of ALMPs and young people's responsiveness to financial incentives cannot explain such programmes’ lack of effects.
33.	Ekman, Mats, et al. (författare) The impact of earlier pub closing hours on emergency calls to the police during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden 2024 Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 32:2, s. 138-142 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract On 20 November 2020, the government of Sweden banned on-premise alcohol sales after 10:30 p.m. and then after 8 p.m. on December 24. This study aims to estimate the impact of earlier pub closing hours on emergency calls to the police. We use a quasi-experimental hybrid differences-in-differences design, drawing on data for emergency calls in Sweden. The primary outcome measure is the daily number of emergency calls to the police in Sweden 70 days before the intervention and 70 days after the intervention. The primary control series is the daily number of emergency calls to the police in Sweden during the preceding year, 70 days before the intervention and 70 days after the intervention. We fail to find an effect on daily emergency calls, or nighttime emergency calls to the police, from the restrictions on the sale of alcohol. There is, however, some evidence indicating that weekend emergency calls may have been affected, but that potential effect does not translate into an overall effect. While our study is limited in its focus, it contributes to using a wide range of time windows and a large geographical area (the whole of Sweden) to inform on displacement effects, as well as in considering a broader set of robustness checks. We suggest that our results and future work should be seen in light of our limitations and our contribution, respectively.
34.	Eriksson, Anna-Lena, 1971, et al. (författare) SHBG gene promoter polymorphisms in men are associated with serum sex hormone-binding globulin, androgen and androgen metabolite levels, and hip bone mineral density. 2006 Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 91:12, s. 5029-37 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract CONTEXT: SHBG regulates free sex steroid levels, which in turn regulate skeletal homeostasis. Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic factors largely account for interindividual variation in SHBG levels. Glucuronidated androgen metabolites have been proposed as markers of androgenic activity. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate whether polymorphisms in the SHBG gene promoter [(TAAAA)(n) microsatellite and rs1799941 single-nucleotide polymorphism] are associated with serum levels of SHBG, sex steroids, or bone mineral density (BMD) in men. DESIGN AND STUDY SUBJECTS: We conducted a population-based study of two cohorts of Swedish men: elderly men (MrOS Sweden; n congruent with 3000; average age, 75.4 yr) and young adult men (GOOD study; n = 1068; average age, 18.9 yr). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured serum levels of SHBG, testosterone, estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronides, androsterone glucuronide, and BMD determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: In both cohorts, (TAAAA)(n) and rs1799941 genotypes were associated with serum levels of SHBG (P < 0.001), dihydrotestosterone (P < 0.05), and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronides (P < 0.05). In the elderly men, they were also associated with testosterone and BMD at all hip bone sites. The genotype associated with high levels of SHBG was also associated with high BMD. Interestingly, male mice overexpressing human SHBG had increased cortical bone mineral content in the femur, suggesting that elevated SHBG levels may cause increased bone mass. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that polymorphisms in the SHBG promoter predict serum levels of SHBG, androgens, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites, and hip BMD in men.
35.	Finseraas, Henning, et al. (författare) Did the Murder of Theo van Gogh Change Europeans' Immigration Policy Preferences? 2011 Ingår i: Kyklos (Basel). - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0023-5962 .- 1467-6435. ; 64:3, s. 396-409 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract To what degree are preferences determined by fundamental and stable value orientations, or are they vulnerable to exogenous shocks to issue saliency? We exploit that the second round of the European Social Survey was conducted around the time when Mohammed Bouyeri murdered Theo van Gogh on 2 November 2004. The murder was covered extensively across Europe and led to a debate about the impact of mass immigration. We consider the murder as a natural experiment which allows us to explore how a shock to issue saliency affects immigration policy preferences. We compare preferences of those interviewed right before the murder (control group) with those interviewed right after the murder (treatment group). We find robust evidence of a significant treatment effect in a pooled analysis with country fixed effects. However, when we allow the treatment effect to vary across countries, we find evidence of more support for restrictive policy in only three countries (Norway, Spain, and Slovakia).
36.	Finseraas, Henning, et al. (författare) Do knowledge gains from public information campaigns persist over time? : Results from a survey experiment on the Norwegian pension reform 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Pension Economics and Finance. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1474-7472 .- 1475-3022. ; 16:1, s. 108-117 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Government authorities use resources on information campaigns in order to inform citizens about relevant policy changes. The motivation is usually that individuals sometimes are ill-informed about the public policies relevant for their choices. In a survey experiment where the treatment group was provided with public information material on the social security system, we assess the short- and medium-term knowledge effects. We show that the short run effects of the information on knowledge disappear completely within 4 months. The findings illustrate the limits of public information campaigns to improve knowledge about relevant policy reforms.
37.	Finseraas, Henning, et al. (författare) Does a simple information intervention change the perception of a reform? 2014 Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - Oxfordshire : Taylor & Francis. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 18, s. 1266-1268 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present the results of a survey experiment where the respondents were randomly assigned the opportunity to read an information brochure regarding recently implemented changes in the Norwegian pension system. We find that those given the opportunity to read the information material are more likely to believe that the reform has made the pension system easier to understand.
38.	Finseraas, Henning, et al. (författare) Does information about the pension system affect knowledge and retirement plans? : Evidence from a survey experiment 2014 Ingår i: Journal of Pension Economics and Finance. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 1474-7472 .- 1475-3022. ; 13:3, s. 250-271 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We present the results of a survey experiment where the treatment group was provided with an information brochure regarding recently implemented changes in the Norwegian pension system, whereas a control group was not. We find that those who received the information are more likely to respond correctly to questions regarding the new pension system. The information effect is larger for those with high education, but only for the most complex aspect of the reform. Despite greater knowledge of the reform in the treatment group, we find no differences between the treatment and control group in their preferences regarding when to retire or whether to combine work and pension uptake.
39.	Finseraas, H., et al. (författare) The Gender Gap in Political Preferences: An Empirical Test of a Political Economy Explanation 2012 Ingår i: Social Politics. - Oxford : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1072-4745 .- 1468-2893. ; 19:2, s. 219-242 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A womans labor market participation and risk of divorce are argued to be important explanatory factors for the gender gap in political preferences. We utilize a Norwegian data set which allows a rigid test of these arguments because it includes information on vote choice, preferences regarding child and elder care spending, and extensive information on the relationship with the current partner. We find a gender gap in political preferences, but no evidence that it can be explained by womens risk of divorce, while the impact of labor market participation is not robust across specifications. To some extent, the gender gap in voting is driven by unmarried women voting left.
40.	Finseraas, Henning, et al. (författare) Trust and Ethnic Fractionalization : the Importance of Religion as a Cross-Cutting Dimension 2012 Ingår i: Kyklos (Basel). - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0023-5962 .- 1467-6435. ; 65:3, s. 327-339 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
41.	Frisk, U., et al. (författare) The Odin satellite - I. Radiometer design and test 2003 Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 402:3, s. L27-L34 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Sub-millimetre and Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) is the main instrument on the Swedish, Canadian, Finnish and French spacecraft Odin. It consists of a 1.1 metre diameter telescope with four tuneable heterodyne receivers covering the ranges 486-504 GHz and 541-581 GHz, and one fixed at 118.75 GHz together with backends that provide spectral resolution from 150 kHz to 1 MHz. This Letter describes the Odin radiometer, its operation and performance with the data processing and calibration described in Paper II.
42.	Gamba, Simona, et al. (författare) The impact of cost-sharing on prescription drug demand : evidence from a double-difference regression kink design 2022 Ingår i: European Journal of Health Economics. - : Springer. - 1618-7598 .- 1618-7601. ; 23, s. 1591-1599 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Pharmaceuticals represent the third-largest expenditure item in health care spending in the OECD countries, and cost growth is around 5% per year in many OECD countries. One possible way to contain the rise in pharmaceutical spending is the use of cost-sharing schemes that makes insured individuals directly bear parts of the cost of a drug. This study estimates the price sensitivity of demand for prescription drugs using data on all prescription drug purchases from a random sample of 400,000 Swedes followed from 2010 to 2013. We use a regression kink design (RKD) by exploiting the kinked Swedish cost-sharing scheme to assess the price elasticity. Further, since the cost-sharing scheme has changed over time, we also use a double-difference RKD to account for potential confounding nonlinearities around the kink. Our results indicate that the standard RKD results are biased and exaggerate the price sensitivity. Our preferred double-difference RKD specifications show no or minor price sensitivity (95% CI price elasticity from - 0.12 to 0.02). The results are similar in several sub-group analyses across age groups, sexes, and income quartiles.
43.	Garza, Raquel, et al. (författare) Single-cell transcriptomics of human traumatic brain injury reveals activation of endogenous retroviruses in oligodendroglia 2023 Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2211-1247. ; 42:11, s. 113395- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of chronic brain impairment and results in a robust, but poorly understood, neuroinflammatory response that contributes to the long-term pathology. We used single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to study transcriptomic changes in different cell populations in human brain tissue obtained acutely after severe, life-threatening TBI. This revealed a unique transcriptional response in oligodendrocyte precursors and mature oligodendrocytes, including the activation of a robust innate immune response, indicating an important role for oligodendroglia in the initiation of neuroinflammation. The activation of an innate immune response correlated with transcriptional upregulation of endogenous retroviruses in oligodendroglia. This observation was causally linked in vitro using human glial progenitors, implicating these ancient viral sequences in human neuroinflammation. In summary, this work provides insight into the initiating events of the neuroinflammatory response in TBI, which has therapeutic implications.
44.	Gleeson, Daniel, 1988, et al. (författare) Generating Optimized Trajectories for Robotic Spray Painting 2022 Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering. - 1558-3783 .- 1545-5955. ; 19:3, s. 1380-1391 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the manufacturing industry, spray painting is often an important part of the manufacturing process. Especially in the automotive industry, the perceived quality of the final product is closely linked to the exactness and smoothness of the painting process. For complex products or low batch size production, manual spray painting is often used. But in large scale production with a high degree of automation, the painting is usually performed by industrial robots. There is a need to improve and simplify the generation of robot trajectories used in industrial paint booths. A novel method for spray paint optimization is presented, which can be used to smooth out a generated initial trajectory and minimize paint thickness deviations from a target thickness. The smoothed out trajectory is found by solving, using an interior point solver, a continuous non-linear optimization problem. A two-dimensional reference function of the applied paint thickness is selected by fitting a spline function to experimental data. This applicator footprint profile is then projected to the geometry and used as a paint deposition model. After generating an initial trajectory, the position and duration of each trajectory segment are used as optimization variables. The primary goal of the optimization is to obtain a paint applicator trajectory, which would closely match a target paint thickness when executed. The algorithm has been shown to produce satisfactory results on both a simple 2-dimensional test example, and a non-trivial industrial case of painting a tractor fender. The resulting trajectory is also proven feasible to be executed by an industrial robot.
45.	Gleeson, Daniel, 1988, et al. (författare) Robot spray painting trajectory optimization 2020 Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering. - 2161-8070 .- 2161-8089. ; 2020-August, s. 1135-1140 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In the manufacturing industry, spray painting is often an important part of the process. Especially in the automotive industry, the perceived quality of the final product is closely linked to the exactness and smoothness of the painting process. For complex products or low batch size production, manual spray painting is often used. But in large scale production with a high degree of automation, the painting is normally performed by industrial robots. There is a need to improve and simplify the generation of robot trajectories used in industrial paint booths. A method for spray paint optimization is presented, which can be used to smooth out an initial trajectory and minimize paint thickness deviations from a target thickness. By fitting a spline function to experimental data, an applicator footprint profile is determined, which is a two-dimensional reference function of the applied paint thickness. This footprint profile is then projected to the geometry and used as a deposition model at each point along the trajectory. The positions and durations of all trajectory segments are used as optimization variables. They are modified with the primary goal to obtain a paint applicator trajectory, which will closely match a target paint thickness when executed. The algorithm is shown to produce satisfactory results on both a simple 2-dimensional test example, and a nontrivial industrial case of painting a tractor render. The final trajectory shows an overall thickness close to the target thickness, and the resulting trajectory is feasible to execute directly on an industrial robot.
46.	Gnann, Till, et al. (författare) A Model for Public Fast Charging Infrastructure Needs 2016 Ingår i: Electric Vehicle Symposium 29, Montreal, 2016-06-20. - : MDPI AG. - 9781510832701 ; 8:4, s. 933-944 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Plug-in electric vehicles can reduce GHG emissions although the low availability of public charging infrastructure combined with short driving ranges prevents potential users from adoption. The rollout and operation, especially of public fast charging infrastructure, is very costly. Therefore, policy makers, car manufacturers and charging infrastructure providers are interested in determining a number of charging stations that is sufficient. Since most studies focus on the placement and not on the determination of the number of charging stations, this paper proposes a model for the quantification of public fast charging points. We first analyze a large database of German driving profiles to obtain the viable share of plug-in electric vehicles in 2030 and determine the corresponding demand for fast charging events. Special focus lies on a general formalism of a queuing system for charging points. This approach allows us to quantify the capacity provided per charging point and the required quantity. Furthermore, we take a closer look on the stochastic occupancy rate of charging points for a certain service level and the distribution of the time users have to wait in the queue. When applying this model to Germany, we find about 15,000 fast charging points with 50 kW necessary in 2030 or ten fast charging point per 1,000 BEVs. When compared with existing charging data from Sweden, this is lower than the currently existing 36 fast charging points per 1,000 BEVs. Furthermore, we compare the models output of charging event distribution over the day with that of the real data and find a qualitatively similar load of the charging network, though with a small shift towards later in the day for the model.
47.	Gnann, T., et al. (författare) Fast charging infrastructure for electric vehicles: Today's situation and future needs 2018 Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209. ; 62, s. 314-329 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Potential users of plug-in electric vehicles often ask for public charging facilities before buying vehicles . Furthermore, the speed of public charging is often expected to be similar to conventional refueling. For this reason, research on and political interest in public charging focus more and more on fast charging options with higher power rates, yet estimates for future needs are rare. This paper tries to fill this gap by analyzing current charging behavior from a large charging data set from Sweden and Norway and take the findings to calibrate a queuing model for future fast charging infrastructure needs. We find that the ratio of battery electric vehicles to public fast charging points can be similar to other alternative fuels in the future (close to one fast charging point per 1000 vehicles for high power rates of 150 kW). In addition, the surplus on the electricity prices for payoff is only 0.05–0.15 €/kWh per charging point. However, charging infrastructure needs highly depend on battery sizes and power rates that are both likely to increase in the future.
48.	Gunnarsson, Philip, et al. (författare) On the Impact of Internal Webpage Selection when Evaluating Ad Blocker Performance 2022 Ingår i: 2022 30TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MODELING, ANALYSIS, AND SIMULATION OF COMPUTER AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, MASCOTS. - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665455800 - 9781665455817 ; , s. 41-48 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Not all ad blockers achieve the same blocking success and, depending on their implementation, they can either improve or hurt the web performance experienced by users. Borgolte and Feamster (2020) recently provided the first extensive evaluation of how privacy-focused browser extensions affect a users web performance. However, while their work provides a nice comparison of the performance impact that different extensions may have, their evaluation only considered landing pages of a single set of websites. In this paper, we focus specifically on performance comparisons when considering different sets of webpages. For example, we study the impact of whether a page is a landing page or an internal page, whether a page is popular or less popular, as well as the impact of in which country/region the company registering the website is operating (used as a proxy for the primary target market). For our evaluations, we use pairs of webpages carefully selected from the recently proposed Hispar list (Aqeel et al. 2020) and compare the performance of the most popular blocking extensions (Adblock Plus, uBlock Origin, Ghostery, and Private Badger) considered by Borgolte and Feamster with a baseline case in which we do not use any extension. While we observe clear differences in the distribution statistics of the metrics considered, several observations were consistent across all dimensions, including whether we consider landing pages or internal pages. The paper highlights some of these invariants and discusses their implications. In addition, our measurements (and the differences observed by different adblockers) also reveal new insights into how internal vs. landing pages of different webpage categories (e.g., based on popularity or region) differ in their composition and resource usage.
49.	Hardman, Scott, et al. (författare) A review of consumer preferences of and interactions with electric vehicle charging infrastructure 2018 Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209. ; 62, s. 508-523 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper presents a literature review of studies that investigate infrastructure needs to support the market introduction of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). It focuses on literature relating to consumer preferences for charging infrastructure, and how consumers interact with and use this infrastructure. This includes studies that use questionnaire surveys, interviews, modelling, GPS data from vehicles, and data from electric vehicle charging equipment. These studies indicate that the most important location for PEV charging is at home, followed by work, and then public locations. Studies have found that more effort is needed to ensure consumers have easy access to PEV charging and that charging at home, work, or public locations should not be free of cost. Research indicates that PEV charging will not impact electricity grids on the short term, however charging may need to be managed when the vehicles are deployed in greater numbers. In some areas of study the literature is not sufficiently mature to draw any conclusions from. More research is especially needed to determine how much infrastructure is needed to support the roll out of PEVs. This paper ends with policy implications and suggests avenues of future research.
50.	Hartvigsson, Elias, 1986, et al. (författare) Comparison and Analysis of GPS Measured Electric Vehicle Charging Demand: The Case of Western Sweden and Seattle 2021 Ingår i: Frontiers in Energy Research. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-598X. ; 9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Electrification of transportation using electric vehicles has a large potential to reduce transport related emissions but could potentially cause issues in generation and distribution of electricity. This study uses GPS measured driving patterns from conventional gasoline and diesel cars in western Sweden and Seattle, United States, to estimate and analyze expected charging coincidence assuming these driving patterns were the same for electric vehicles. The results show that the electric vehicle charging power demand in western Sweden and Seattle is 50–183% higher compared to studies that were relying on national household travel surveys in Sweden and United States. The after-coincidence charging power demand from GPS measured driving behavior converges at 1.8 kW or lower for Sweden and at 2.1 kW or lower for the United States The results show that nominal charging power has the largest impact on after-coincidence charging power demand, followed by the vehicle’s electricity consumption and lastly the charging location. We also find that the reduction in charging demand, when charging is moved in time, is largest for few vehicles and reduces as the number of vehicles increase. Our results are important when analyzing the impact from large scale introduction of electric vehicles on electricity distribution and generation.

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