| 1. |
- Jalali, Samireh, et al.
(författare)
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Agile Practices in Global Software Engineering : A Systematic Map
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of systematically reviewing the current research literature on the use of agile practices and lean software development in global software engineering (GSE). The primary purpose is to highlight under which circumstances they have been applied efficiently. Some common terms related to agile practices (e.g. scrum, extreme programming) were considered in formulating the search strings, along with a number of alternatives for GSE such as offshoring, outsourcing, and virtual teams. The results were limited to peer-reviewed conference papers/journal articles, published between 1999 and 2009. The synthesis was made through classifying the papers into different categories (e.g. research type, distribution). The analysis revealed that in most cases agile practices were modified with respect to the context and situational requirements. This indicates the need for future research on how to integrate all experiences and practices in a way to assist practitioners when setting up non-collocated agile projects.
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| 2. |
- Jalali, Samireh
(författare)
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Efficient Software Development Through Agile Methods
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Context: Distributed teams characterize Global Software Engineering (GSE). GSE stakeholders are from different cultures, geographic places and potentially time zones. These conditions have significant consequences on communication, coordination and control of software projects. Given these constraints, distributed teams need to highly rely on each other. Trust is the glue that holds them together and enables more open communication, which increases their performance and quality of delivered products. Simultaneously, in striving for more efficient software development approaches, Agile values and principles were formulated. Agile methods encourage establishing close collaboration between customers and developers, continuous requirements gathering and frequent face-to-face communications. Objective: The major objective of the research is to study efficient software development approaches particularly in (globally) distributed settings. Thus, the dynamics of trust in GSE are investigated for bringing useful trust improvement suggestions to project managers. Furthermore, Agile practices that have been efficiently applied in GSE are identified through two different systematic literature review approaches (i.e. systematic literature review and backward snowballing). The differences identified in the use of Agile practices lead to a need to better understand and assess Agility. Method: The research methods, include systematic literature reviews and case studies, are applied in different empirical cases. Then, a variety of secondary data collection methods are utilized such as semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, open discussions and presentations. Result: Achieving trust was realized to be crucial and the success factor for trust was the “awareness” of particular GSE challenges, which shall be communicated properly to all distributed team members and proper actions shall be taken to address them. Besides, the literature indicated several successful combinations of Agile and GSE. However, despite utilizing two different literature search methods the identified patterns were similar. The most common practices were “standup meetings” and “sprints/iterations”. Nevertheless, the current literature reports “Agile” as a general term and “distributed team” as the most common team/organization setting, which motivated examining the applicability of existing Agile assessment tools in an industrial setting. We found one of the studied tools sufficiently applicable in the context of the case organization. Conclusions: Trust achievement is crucial for efficient GSE collaborations regardless of the applied software development approach. Although Agile promotes trust among team members, it was formulated without considering teams’ distribution. Hence, combining Agile and GSE is challenging. The literature contains several successful cases of implementing Agile in GSE while practitioners and researchers are not yet consistent regarding their perception of Agile practices and documenting them. Therefore, they need to collaborate closely, illustrate the practices, agree on the terminology, how to document the context, and how to profile/assess Agility. For this purpose, we examined the applicability of a set of Agile assessment tools and proposed one tool for the case organization.
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| 3. |
- Jalali, Samireh, et al.
(författare)
-
Global software engineering and agile practices : a systematic review
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.. - 1532-060X .- 1532-0618. ; 24:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agile practices have received attention from industry as an alternative to plan-driven software development approaches. Agile encourages, for example, small self-organized collocated teams, whereas global software engineering (GSE) implies distribution across cultural, temporal, and geographical boundaries. Hence, combining them is a challenge. A systematic review was conducted to capture the status of combining agility with GSE. The results were limited to peer-reviewed conference papers or journal articles, published between 1999 and 2009. The synthesis was made through classifying the papers into different categories (e.g. publication year, contribution type, research method). At the end, 81 papers were judged as primary for further analysis. The distribution of papers over the years indicated that GSE and Agile in combination has received more attention in the last 5 years. However, the majority of the existing research is industrial experience reports in which Agile practices were modified with respect to the context and situational requirements. The emergent need in this research area is suggested to be developing a framework that considers various factors from different perspectives when incorporating Agile in GSE. Practitioners may use it as a decision-making basis in early phases of software development.
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| 4. |
- Jalali, Samireh, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the Applicability of Agility Assessment Surveys : A Case Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Systems and Software. - : Elsevier. - 0164-1212. ; 98, s. 172-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Agile software development has become popular in the past decade despite that it is not a particularly well-defined concept. The general principles in the Agile Manifesto can be instantiated in many different ways, and hence the perception of Agility may differ quite a lot. This has resulted in several conceptual frameworks being presented in the research literature to evaluate the level of Agility. However, the evidence of actual use in practice of these frameworks is limited. Objective: The objective in this paper is to identify online surveys that can be used to evaluate the level of Agility in practice, and to evaluate the surveys in an industrial setting. Method: Surveys for evaluating Agility were identified by systematically searching the web. Based on an exploration of the surveys found, two surveys were identified as most promising for our objective. The two surveys selected were evaluated in a case study with three Agile teams in a software consultancy company. The case study included a self-assessment of the Agility level by using the two surveys, interviews with the Scrum master and a team representative, interviews with the customers of the teams and a focus group meeting for each team. Results: The perception of team Agility was judged by each of the teams and their respective customer, and the outcome was compared with the results from the two surveys. Agility profiles were created based on the surveys. Conclusions: It is concluded that different surveys may very well judge Agility differently, which support the viewpoint that it is not a well-defined concept. The researchers and practitioners agreed that one of the surveys, at least in this specific case, provided a better and more holistic assessment of the Agility of the teams in the case study.
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| 5. |
- Jalali, Samireh, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic literature studies : Database searches vs. backward snowballing
- 2012
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. - Lund : ACM/IEEE. - 9781450310567 ; , s. 29-38
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systematic studies of the literature can be done in different ways. In particular, different guidelines propose different first steps in their recommendations, e.g. start with search strings in different databases or start with the reference lists of a starting set of papers. In software engineering, the main recommended first step is using search strings in a number of databases, while in information systems, snowballing has been recommended as the first step. This paper compares the two different search approaches for conducting literature review studies. The comparison is conducted by searching for articles addressing "Agile practices in global software engineering". The focus of the paper is on evaluating the two different search approaches. Despite the differences in the included papers, the conclusions and the patterns found in both studies are quite similar. The strengths and weaknesses of each first step are discussed separately and in comparison with each other. It is concluded that none of the first steps is outperforming the other, and the choice of guideline to follow, and hence the first step, may be context-specific, i.e. depending on the area of study.
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| 6. |
- Jalali, Samireh, et al.
(författare)
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Trust Dynamics in Global Software Engineering
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trust is one of the key factors that determines success or failure of any software project. However, achieving and maintaining trust in distributed software projects, when team members are geographically, temporally and culturally distant from each other, is a remarkable challenge. This paper explores the dynamics of trust and best practices performed in software organizations to address trust-related issues in global software engineering. Semistructured interviews were conducted in six different distributed software development organizations and a resulting trust dynamics model is presented. Based on the findings, the paper also provides suggestions for the industry to achieve trust in distributed collaborations.
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