| 1. |
- Tran, K. B., et al.
(författare)
-
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Lancet. - 0140-6736. ; 400:10352, s. 563-591
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
|
|
| 2. |
-
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Cossarizza, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 49:10, s. 1457-1973
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Basir, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Proficiency in Informatics and Communication Technology Application to Improve Agricultural Counseling Performance in Luwu Regency, Indonesia
- 2023
-
Ingår i: E3S Web Conf.. - : EDP Sciences.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informatics and Communication Technology (ICT) provides relevant agricultural information, which is essential in agricultural development attempts, in timely fashion. Aiming to find out if it is able to improve the efficiency of agricultural counseling agents, this study examined agricultural counseling agents in Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. As explanatory quantitative research, simple random sampling was applied to respondents of google form questionnaire and the data were analyzed as per Structural Equation Model (SEM) and supported by smart PLS application. The result came out with R2 value of 0.868, representing the agricultural counseling agent's proficiency and ICT application signified agricultural counseling agent's efficiency at 86.8 %. It is therefore conclusive that agricultural counseling agent's efficiency in extension activities relies on both their proficiency and ICT application.
|
|
| 9. |
- Horikoshi, Momoko, et al.
(författare)
-
New loci associated with birth weight identify genetic links between intrauterine growth and adult height and metabolism.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Birth weight within the normal range is associated with a variety of adult-onset diseases, but the mechanisms behind these associations are poorly understood. Previous genome-wide association studies of birth weight identified a variant in the ADCY5 gene associated both with birth weight and type 2 diabetes and a second variant, near CCNL1, with no obvious link to adult traits. In an expanded genome-wide association meta-analysis and follow-up study of birth weight (of up to 69,308 individuals of European descent from 43 studies), we have now extended the number of loci associated at genome-wide significance to 7, accounting for a similar proportion of variance as maternal smoking. Five of the loci are known to be associated with other phenotypes: ADCY5 and CDKAL1 with type 2 diabetes, ADRB1 with adult blood pressure and HMGA2 and LCORL with adult height. Our findings highlight genetic links between fetal growth and postnatal growth and metabolism.
|
|
| 10. |
- Beaumont, Robin N, et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association study of offspring birth weight in 86,577 women identifies five novel loci and highlights maternal genetic effects that are independent of fetal genetics.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 27:4, s. 742-756
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of birth weight have focused on fetal genetics, while relatively little is known about the role of maternal genetic variation. We aimed to identify maternal genetic variants associated with birth weight that could highlight potentially relevant maternal determinants of fetal growth. We meta-analysed data on up to 8.7 million SNPs in up to 86,577 women of European descent from the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium and the UK Biobank. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) and analyses of mother-child pairs to quantify the separate maternal and fetal genetic effects. Maternal SNPs at 10 loci (MTNR1B, HMGA2, SH2B3, KCNAB1, L3MBTL3, GCK, EBF1, TCF7L2, ACTL9, CYP3A7) were associated with offspring birth weight at P<5x10-8. In SEM analyses, at least 7 of the 10 associations were consistent with effects of the maternal genotype acting via the intrauterine environment, rather than via effects of shared alleles with the fetus. Variants, or correlated proxies, at many of the loci had been previously associated with adult traits, including fasting glucose (MTNR1B, GCK and TCF7L2) and sex hormone levels (CYP3A7), and one (EBF1) with gestational duration. The identified associations indicate genetic effects on maternal glucose, cytochrome P450 activity and gestational duration, and potentially on maternal blood pressure and immune function, are relevant for fetal growth. Further characterization of these associations in mechanistic and causal analyses will enhance understanding of the potentially modifiable maternal determinants of fetal growth, with the goal of reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with low and high birth weights.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Sarmiento Pico, Luis, et al.
(författare)
-
Elucidating the nature of the proton radioactivity and branching ratio on the first proton emitter discovered 53mCo
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723. ; 14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of a weak proton-emission branch in the decay of the 3174keV 53mCo isomeric state marked the discovery of proton radioactivity in atomic nuclei in 1970. Here we show, based on the partial half-lives and the decay energies of the possible proton-emission branches, that the exceptionally high angular momentum barriers, lp = 9 and lp = 7, play a key role in hindering the proton radioactivity from 53mCo, making them very challenging to observe and calculate. Indeed, experiments had to wait decades for significant advances in accelerator facilities and multi-faceted state-of-the-art decay stations to gain full access to all observables. Combining data taken with the TASISpec decay station at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, and the ACTAR TPC device on LISE3 at GANIL, France, we measured their branching ratios as bp1 = 1.3(1)% and bp2 = 0.025(4)%. These results were compared to cutting-edge shell-model and barrier penetration calculations. This description reproduces the order of magnitude of the branching ratios and partial half-lives, despite their very small spectroscopic factors.
|
|
| 14. |
- Spjuth, Ola, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Harmonising and linking biomedical and clinical data across disparate data archives to enable integrative cross-biobank research
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 24:4, s. 521-528
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wealth of biospecimen samples are stored in modern globally distributed biobanks. Biomedical researchers worldwide need to be able to combine the available resources to improve the power of large-scale studies. A prerequisite for this effort is to be able to search and access phenotypic, clinical and other information about samples that are currently stored at biobanks in an integrated manner. However, privacy issues together with heterogeneous information systems and the lack of agreed-upon vocabularies have made specimen searching across multiple biobanks extremely challenging. We describe three case studies where we have linked samples and sample descriptions in order to facilitate global searching of available samples for research. The use cases include the ENGAGE (European Network for Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology) consortium comprising at least 39 cohorts, the SUMMIT (surrogate markers for micro- and macro-vascular hard endpoints for innovative diabetes tools) consortium and a pilot for data integration between a Swedish clinical health registry and a biobank. We used the Sample avAILability (SAIL) method for data linking: first, created harmonised variables and then annotated and made searchable information on the number of specimens available in individual biobanks for various phenotypic categories. By operating on this categorised availability data we sidestep many obstacles related to privacy that arise when handling real values and show that harmonised and annotated records about data availability across disparate biomedical archives provide a key methodological advance in pre-analysis exchange of information between biobanks, that is, during the project planning phase.
|
|
| 15. |
- Tyrrell, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic Evidence for Causal Relationships Between Maternal Obesity-Related Traits and Birth Weight.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: JAMA. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598 .- 0098-7484. ; 315:11, s. 1129-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neonates born to overweight or obese women are larger and at higher risk of birth complications. Many maternal obesity-related traits are observationally associated with birth weight, but the causal nature of these associations is uncertain.To test for genetic evidence of causal associations of maternal body mass index (BMI) and related traits with birth weight.Mendelian randomization to test whether maternal BMI and obesity-related traits are potentially causally related to offspring birth weight. Data from 30,487 women in 18 studies were analyzed. Participants were of European ancestry from population- or community-based studies in Europe, North America, or Australia and were part of the Early Growth Genetics Consortium. Live, term, singleton offspring born between 1929 and 2013 were included.Genetic scores for BMI, fasting glucose level, type 2 diabetes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, vitamin D status, and adiponectin level.Offspring birth weight from 18 studies.Among the 30,487 newborns the mean birth weight in the various cohorts ranged from 3325 g to 3679 g. The maternal genetic score for BMI was associated with a 2-g (95% CI, 0 to 3 g) higher offspring birth weight per maternal BMI-raising allele (P=.008). The maternal genetic scores for fasting glucose and SBP were also associated with birth weight with effect sizes of 8 g (95% CI, 6 to 10 g) per glucose-raising allele (P=7×10(-14)) and -4 g (95% CI, -6 to -2 g) per SBP-raising allele (P=1×10(-5)), respectively. A 1-SD (≈4 points) genetically higher maternal BMI was associated with a 55-g higher offspring birth weight (95% CI, 17 to 93 g). A 1-SD (≈7.2 mg/dL) genetically higher maternal fasting glucose concentration was associated with 114-g higher offspring birth weight (95% CI, 80 to 147 g). However, a 1-SD (≈10 mm Hg) genetically higher maternal SBP was associated with a 208-g lower offspring birth weight (95% CI, -394 to -21 g). For BMI and fasting glucose, genetic associations were consistent with the observational associations, but for systolic blood pressure, the genetic and observational associations were in opposite directions.In this mendelian randomization study, genetically elevated maternal BMI and blood glucose levels were potentially causally associated with higher offspring birth weight, whereas genetically elevated maternal SBP was potentially causally related to lower birth weight. If replicated, these findings may have implications for counseling and managing pregnancies to avoid adverse weight-related birth outcomes.
|
|
| 16. |
- Benko, Gabor, et al.
(författare)
-
Photoinduced Ultrafast Dye-to-Semiconductor Electron Injection from Nonthermalized and Thermalized Donor States.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 124:3, s. 489-493
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron injection from the transition metal complex Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2) (dcbpy = 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) into a titanium dioxide nanocrystalline film occurs on the femto- and picosecond time scales. Here we show that the dominating part of the electron transfer proceeds extremely rapidly from the initially populated, vibronically nonthermalized, singlet excited state, prior to electronic and nuclear relaxation of the molecule. The results are especially relevant to the understanding and design of molecular-based photovoltaic devices and artificial photosynthetic assemblies.
|
|
| 17. |
- Burlakovs, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Application of anaerobic digestion for biogas and methane production from fresh beach-cast biomass
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 3rd EAGE Global Energy Transition, GET 2022. - : European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE. - 9781713863618 ; , s. 61-65, s. 1-5
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this research, biogas production potential from beach wrack collected in Riga Gulf (Ragaciems, Jaunķemeri, Bigauņciems) and in coastline of Sweden (Kalmar) was studied using an anaerobic digestion method. Selected beach wrack masses laying ashore and containing macroalgal biomass of common macroalgae types specific to the Baltic Sea were mixed for consolidated samples. Anoxic fermentation of untreated beach wrack was carried out in 16 bioreactors applying a single filling mode at 38 °C. The study revealed that by utilizing beach wrack accumulated ashore as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion methane can be utilized if pretreatment and conditioning of the samples are performed. The study was continued for selected brown algae containing biomass tested with three dewatering pretreatment methods: a) keeping in tap water for 24 hours; b) washing with running fresh water for one hour, and c) drying to relatively constant weight. The resulting methane outcome was compared with the data corresponding to raw brown algae. The study confirmed that washing of macroalgal biomass applied as pretreatment prior to anaerobic fermentation avoids inhibition of salts and promotes biomethane production.
|
|
| 18. |
- Burlakovs, Juris, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Geophysical aspects of abandoned landfill geomorphological and material properties macro-characterization
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. - : International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference. - 9786197603057 ; , s. 551-558
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Landfills (dumps) are places where the end of the life cycle of products can be found - useful material is dumped away from the sight creating contaminant flows around. Another problem is huge unexplored potential of resources recycling - we have limited knowledge also on useful elements and materials that are buried. The solution to overcome the limitations that provide remote sensing and traditional geodesy, proximal sensing techniques could be used. “Near surface geophysics” with operation at or just below the soil surface, significantly may contribute to give answers that traditionally are solved only after excavation. Geophysical methods are various, those can be active (i.e. create its own signal) or passive (i.e. register an existing signal); invasive (by inserting devices into the soil) or non-destructive. Some of these methods are static (e.g. a sequence of inserted electrodes), others can be used in a mobile way (e.g. pulled by a quad-bike). In general, their depth of exploration can vary from a few decimetres to some tens of metres. Thus in range of wide geophysical methodology spectrum almost all methods might be of use for unknown dump exploration depending on circumstances. In this paper, the aim is to macro-characterize anthropogenic geomorphological forms for contouring of old buried dumps by use of magnetometry, and geoelectric research methods to provide knowledge on approximate content of the dump. Protonmagnetometer was used in Eastern Latvia to determine unseen on surface dumpsite, buried in forest; induced polarisation and electric resistivity research was done in Southern Sweden for the macro-content analysis of dump hills composed of glass industry residuals and construction waste mixture. Geophysical surveying was performed to support site investigation with respect to landfill-related environmental problems, to enhance the opportunity for contouring of location of material mass and initially evaluate its physical properties. Results have shown good potential of geophysical surveying to spatially characterize landfill masses (location and dimensions) and to identify the internal structure of a landfill site, which already provides valuable information to estimate the landfill mining (material recovery) potential of landfills.
|
|
| 19. |
- Burlakovs, Juris, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of new concepts in waste management in tourist metropolitan areas
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 2019 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (ICESE 2019). - : IOP Publishing. ; , s. 1-10
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The urban waste in tourist cities needs comprehensive global research efforts and proceeded action as for metropolitan areas huge impact and load on waste management is generated. Waste management and resource conservation strategies are prepared in state-of-the-art level however implementation and future improvement of the current situation is crucial. Some examples in waste prevention and management for better tourism, waste and resource management are provided in the paper as outcomes from Horizon2020 project "Urban Strategies for Waste Management in Tourist Cities". The policy and tools based on information gathered by scientists, municipal and NGOs experience (e.g. separation of bio-waste in catering industries, "sin-wastes" as from the bars, nightclubs and smoker places, reuse of unnecessary items that can serve for others and many more) are described. In addition, regulatory instruments (e.g. ban of plastic bags, reduction of allowed bio-waste in landfilling), economic instruments (taxes) and voluntary agreements (e.g. deposit systems; cleaning actions by volunteers) might be used to implement and elaborate the situation within environmental management and prevention practices in tourist metropolitan cities. Food waste prevention, beach and littoral management, special practices for festival waste and large amount specific waste generating facilities (e.g., entertainment industry, cruises etc.) are of high importance. The future outlook may be concentrated on digitalizing of waste flows and using the "big data" concept for better and smarter waste management.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Dhaka, Veer, et al.
(författare)
-
Aluminum-Induced Photoluminescence Red Shifts in Core-Shell GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Nanowires
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 13:8, s. 3581-3588
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a new phenomenon related to Al-induced carrier confinement at the interface in core-shell GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs nanowires grown using metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy with Au as catalyst. All AlxGa1-xAs shells strongly passivated the GaAs nanowires, but surprisingly the peak photoluminescence (PL) position and the intensity from the core were found to be a strong function of Al composition in the shell at low temperatures. Large and systematic red shifts of up to similar to 66 nm and broadening in the PL emission from the GaAs core were observed when the Al composition in the shell exceeded 3%. On the contrary, the phenomenon was observed to be considerably weaker at the room temperature. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveals Al segregation in the shell along six Al-rich radial bands displaying a 3-fold symmetry. Time-resolved PL measurements suggest the presence of indirect electron-hole transitions at the interface at higher Al composition. We discuss all possibilities including a simple shell-core-shell model using simulations where the density of interface traps increases with the Al content, thus creating a strong local electron confinement. The carrier confinement at the interface is most likely related to Al inhomogeneity and/or Al-induced traps. Our results suggest that a low Al composition in the shell is desirable in order to achieve ideal passivation in GaAs nanowires.
|
|
| 24. |
- Elo, Teresa D., et al.
(författare)
-
Stromal Activation Associated with Development of Prostate Cancer in Prostate-Targeted Fibroblast Growth Factor 8b Transgenic Mice
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Neoplasia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-8002 .- 1476-5586. ; 12:11, s. 94-915
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Expression of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF-8) is commonly increased in prostate cancer. Experimental studies have provided evidence that it plays a role in prostate tumorigenesis and tumor progression. To study how increased FGF-8 affects the prostate, we generated and analyzed transgenic (TG) mice expressing FGF-8b under the probasin promoter that targets expression to prostate epithelium. Prostates of the TG mice showed an increased size and changes in stromal and epithelial morphology progressing from atypia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (mouse PIN, mPIN) lesions to tumors with highly variable phenotype bearing features of adenocarcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and sarcoma. The development of mPIN lesions was preceded by formation of activated stroma containing increased proportion of fibroblastic cells, rich vasculature, and inflammation. The association between advancing stromal and epithelial alterations was statistically significant. Microarray analysis and validation with quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that expression of osteopontin and connective tissue growth factor was markedly upregulated in TG mouse prostates compared with wild type prostates. Androgen receptor staining was decreased in transformed epithelium and in hypercellular stroma but strongly increased in the sarcoma-like lesions. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that disruption of FGF signaling pathways by increased epithelial production of FGF-8b leads to strongly activated and atypical stroma, which precedes development of mPIN lesions and prostate cancer with mixed features of adenocarcinoma and sarcoma in the prostates of TG mice. The results suggest that increased FGF-8 in human prostate may also contribute to prostate tumorigenesis by stromal activation.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Ismail, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Levels and Potential Health Hazards of Chlorinated Pesticidesin Surface Water Samples of Charsadda Area of Pakistan Using SPME-GC-ECD Technique
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Water S.A.. - : MDPI. - 0378-4738 .- 1816-7950. ; 13, s. 1-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we determined the levels of chlorinated pesticide residues in surfacewater samples collected from the Charsadda district (KPK, Pakistan). SPME-GC-ECD with COMBIPAL CTC autosampler was used for extraction and analysis of 20 organochlorine pesticides in thecollected water samples. For maximum efficiency of the SPME procedure, several parameters werestudied, including the extraction and desorption time of the fiber, solution pH, agitation of samples,and stirring speed, etc. This method showed good liner response, with R2 values in the range of0.9887 to 0.9999 for all pesticides. This method also provided good percent recoveries at 1 µg L−1(87.5to 106.0%) and at 2 µg L−1(88.5 to 109.2%). Lower limits of detection for all 20 chlorinated pesticideswere found to be lower than their maximum permissible contamination levels. Approximately 50%of the surface water samples collected from the Charsadda district were found to be contaminatedwith the pesticides γ-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin and dieldrin, with maximum concentrations of 0.023,0.108, 0.014 and 0.013 µg L−1, respectively. For adults and children, the cancer risk from water dueto contamination by various pesticides ranged from 0 to 33.29 × 10−6. The non-carcinogenic riskfrom each pollutant in the water samples of the Charsadda district was found to be in the order ofheptachlor > aldrin > dieldrin > γ-BHC. However, the pesticides α-BHC, β-BHC, heptachlor epoxide,chlordane, endrin, 4,40-DDD, endrin ketone, 4,40-DDT, endosulfan sulfate and methoxychlor werenot detected in any of the surface water samples of investigated in the present study.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Kallioinen, Jani, et al.
(författare)
-
Electron transfer from the singlet and triplet excited states of Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2) into nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films
- 2002
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 106:17, s. 4396-4404
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time-resolved absorption spectroscopy was used to study the femtosecond and picosecond time scale electron injection from the excited singlet and triplet states of Ru(dcbpY)(2)(NCS)(2) (RuN3) into titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocrystalline particle film in acetonitrile. The fastest resolved time constant of similar to30 fs was shown to reflect a sum of two parallel ultrafast processes, nonergodic electron transfer (ET) from the initially excited singlet state of RuN3 to the conduction band of TiO2 and intersystem crossing (ISC). The branching ratio of 1.5 between the two competing processes gives rate constants of 1/50 fs(-1) for ET and 1/75 fs(-1) for ISC. Following the ultrafast processes, a minor part of the electron injection (40%) occurs from the thermalized triplet state of RuN3 on the picosecond time scale. The kinetics of this slower phase of electron injection is nonexponential and can be fitted with time constants ranging from similar to1 to similar to60 ps.
|
|
| 32. |
- Limpraptono, F. Y., et al.
(författare)
-
Design of power monitoring and electrical control systems to support energy conservation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: Part A. - : Pakistan Academy of Sciences. - 2518-4245. ; 58:S, s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing demand for electrical energy and the decreasing supply of fossil fuels in recent years have increased the cost of electrical energy. So that the culture of saving electrical energy is a habit that must be cultivated in the community. On the other hand, energy-saving behavior cannot be realized massively without a support system that can control energy use. With these concerns, it is necessary to develop a method that encourages a culture of saving electrical energy. This paper proposes a system that supports active energy efficiency methods that can support an energy-efficient culture. This system is an electric power monitoring system that is integrated with a smart electrical panel that continuously monitors the use of electrical energy and can control electrical loads automatically, record electricity usage, provide comprehensive reports and analyze energy usage. The method used to carry out this research is research and development. This research has produced a prototype of electrical power control and monitoring system that has a smart panel based on a raspberry PI 3 and PZEM-004t power energy meter. The monitoring system performs and executes automatic control of electrical loads. The system can also provide reports in the form of data monitoring in daily, weekly, monthly or annual period. From the test results, it can be concluded that the system can work well. This research is expected to contribute to providing a system that can support government efforts in saving energy. © Pakistan Academy of Sciences.
|
|
| 33. |
- Msafiri, F, et al.
(författare)
-
Frequent Anti-V1V2 Responses Induced by HIV-DNA Followed by HIV-MVA with or without CN54rgp140/GLA-AF in Healthy African Volunteers
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 8:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody responses that correlated with reduced risk of HIV acquisition in the RV144 efficacy trial were assessed in healthy African volunteers who had been primed three times with HIV-DNA (subtype A, B, C) and then randomized into two groups; group 1 was boosted twice with HIV-MVA (CRF01_AE) and group 2 with the same HIV-MVA coadministered with subtype C envelope (Env) protein (CN54rgp140/GLA-AF). The fine specificity of plasma Env-specific antibody responses was mapped after the final vaccination using linear peptide microarray technology. Binding IgG antibodies to the V1V2 loop in CRF01_AE and subtype C Env and Env-specific IgA antibodies were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Functional antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibody responses were measured using luciferase assay. Mapping of linear epitopes within HIV-1 Env demonstrated strong targeting of the V1V2, V3, and the immunodominant region in gp41 in both groups, with additional recognition of two epitopes located in the C2 and C4 regions in group 2. A high frequency of V1V2-specific binding IgG antibody responses was detected to CRF01_AE (77%) and subtype C antigens (65%). In conclusion, coadministration of CN54rgp140/GLA-AF with HIV-MVA did not increase the frequency, breadth, or magnitude of anti-V1V2 responses or ADCC-mediating antibodies induced by boosting with HIV-MVA alone.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Porsch, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
Disulfide-Functionalized Unimolecular Micelles as Selective Redox-Responsive Nanocarriers
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 16:9, s. 2872-2883
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Redox-sensitive hyperbranched dendritic-linear polymers (HBDLPs) were prepared and stabilized individually as unimolecular micelles with diameters in the range 25–40 nm. The high molecular weight (500–950 kDa), core–shell amphiphilic structures were synthesized through a combination of self-condensing vinyl copolymerization (SCVCP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Cleavable disulfide bonds were introduced, either in the backbone, or in pendant groups, of the hyperbranched core of the HBDLPs. By triggered reductive degradation, the HBDLPs showed up to a 7-fold decrease in molecular weight, and the extent of degradation was tuned by the amount of incorporated disulfides. The HBDLP with pendant disulfide-linked functionalities in the hyperbranched core was readily postfunctionalized with a hydrophobic dye, as a mimic for a drug. An instant release of the dye was observed as a response to a reductive environment similar to the one present intracellularly. The proposed strategy shows a facile route to highly stable unimolecular micelles, which attractively exhibit redox-responsive degradation and cargo release properties.
|
|
| 36. |
- Raitanen, Jani, et al.
(författare)
-
Attraction to conspecific eggs may guide oviposition site selection in a solitary insect
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Behavioral Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1045-2249 .- 1465-7279. ; 25:1, s. 110-116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conspecific attraction is a form of social information use whereby individuals are attracted to the presence of conspecifics because they may indicate high-quality sites or resources. Conspecific attraction results in aggregation of individuals with similar needs and may therefore intensify competition, in particular, at high densities. Thus, the occurrence and strength of conspecific attraction may be dependent on density, but the effects of predicted intensity of future competition for resources on individual decisions have rarely been quantified. We studied realized early fecundity and oviposition site selection in the butterfly Pieris napi in relation to a density gradient of conspecific eggs on available host plants in an explicit laboratory experiment. Relying on conspecific assessment of host quality is expected to select for conspecific attraction, whereas competition avoidance is expected to select for avoidance of high conspecific densities. Presence of conspecific cues did not substantially affect realized fecundity as females exposed to an environment containing conspecific cues laid approximately equal number of eggs as females exposed to an environment lacking such cues. Instead, when females were able to choose among host plants with or without previously laid conspecific eggs, they preferred plants that already carried eggs in relation to egg-free host plants, independently of the initial egg density. Indeed, the maintenance of conspecific attraction, rather than avoidance, in P. napi implies that the possible benefits of conspecific attraction in oviposition site selection may outweigh the costs of competition in the wild.
|
|
| 37. |
- Smolen, JS, et al.
(författare)
-
EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 76:6, s. 960-977
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent insights in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitated updating the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) RA management recommendations. A large international Task Force based decisions on evidence from 3 systematic literature reviews, developing 4 overarching principles and 12 recommendations (vs 3 and 14, respectively, in 2013). The recommendations address conventional synthetic (cs) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (methotrexate (MTX), leflunomide, sulfasalazine); glucocorticoids (GC); biological (b) DMARDs (tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitors (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab), abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab, clazakizumab, sarilumab and sirukumab and biosimilar (bs) DMARDs) and targeted synthetic (ts) DMARDs (Janus kinase (Jak) inhibitors tofacitinib, baricitinib). Monotherapy, combination therapy, treatment strategies (treat-to-target) and the targets of sustained clinical remission (as defined by the American College of Rheumatology-(ACR)-EULAR Boolean or index criteria) or low disease activity are discussed. Cost aspects were taken into consideration. As first strategy, the Task Force recommends MTX (rapid escalation to 25 mg/week) plus short-term GC, aiming at >50% improvement within 3 and target attainment within 6 months. If this fails stratification is recommended. Without unfavourable prognostic markers, switching to—or adding—another csDMARDs (plus short-term GC) is suggested. In the presence of unfavourable prognostic markers (autoantibodies, high disease activity, early erosions, failure of 2 csDMARDs), any bDMARD (current practice) or Jak-inhibitor should be added to the csDMARD. If this fails, any other bDMARD or tsDMARD is recommended. If a patient is in sustained remission, bDMARDs can be tapered. For each recommendation, levels of evidence and Task Force agreement are provided, both mostly very high. These recommendations intend informing rheumatologists, patients, national rheumatology societies, hospital officials, social security agencies and regulators about EULAR's most recent consensus on the management of RA, aimed at attaining best outcomes with current therapies.
|
|
| 38. |
- Sun, Peifang, et al.
(författare)
-
Asymptomatic or symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection plus vaccination confers increased adaptive immunity to variants of concern
- 2022
-
Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 25:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires monitoring the capability of immune responses to cross-recognize Variants of Concern (VOC). In this cross-sectional study, we examined serological and cell-mediated immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, among a cohort of 18-21-year-old Marines with a history of either asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection 6 to 14 months earlier. Among the 210 participants in the study, 169 were unvaccinated while 41 received 2 doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccination of previously infected participants strongly boosted neutralizing and binding activity and memory B and T cell responses including the recognition of Omicron, compared to infected but unvaccinated participants. Additionally, no measurable differences were observed in immune memory in healthy young adults with previous symptomatic or asymptomatic infections, for ancestral or variant strains. These results provide mechanistic immunological insights into population-based differences observed in immunity against Omicron and other variants among individuals with different clinical histories.
|
|
| 39. |
- Tonda, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Potential Utilization of Dried Rice Leftover of Household Organic Waste for Poultry Functional Feed
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. - : Hashemite University. - 1995-6673 .- 2307-7166. ; 15:5, s. 879-886
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indonesia produced 30 × 106 t of waste in 2021; 40 % was organic and 276 × 103 t leftover rice. Meanwhile, broiler chicken farmers have been struggling with high feed costs to continue their production. Processing leftover rice into "aking-rice" is environmentally friendly, and it also provides alternative feed for chickens. "Aking-rice" is a type of resistant starch because it has undergone a gelatinization process that works as a synthesis of short-chain fatty acids that positively improve the function of the digestive tract because it increases the villi in the small intestine. This study analyzed the potential of “akingrice” in broiler chicken productivity. The experimental method was a completely randomized design with three treatments, five replications and 12 chickens in each unit. The treatments are T0 (100 % basal feed), T1 (80 % basal feed + 20 % “akingrice” spread on top of the basal feed), and T2 (80 % basal feed + 20 % "aking-rice" mix). Statistical analysis used ANOVA, and continued with LSD with observed variables, i.e. Feed Intake (FI), Average Daily Gain (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and Performance Index (PI). The results showed that the highest FI values were T0 (99.02), T1 (97.45), and T2 (96.58). The highest ADG was T1 (40.40) then T0 (37.07) and the lowest was T2 (36.40). T1 has the lowest FCR (2.42) compared to T0 (2.68), T2 (2.66). The lowest FCR is T1 (2.42), then T2 (2.66) and the highest is T0 (2.68). The third variable was not significantly different, but the PI results showed a significant difference with the highest PI value T1 (433.84), while T0 (374.81) and T2 (372.67) were not different. Economic analysis also shows that the highest cost T0 (118 475) is significantly different from T1 (110 541) and T2 (109 558). The highest profit is shown by T1 (2 102) then T2 (1 063) and T0 (507). In conclusion, the use of "aking-rice" can increase the performance index with a higher ADG value and a lower FCR so that the costs are smaller and the profit is greater.
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
