| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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On-line desalting and determination of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide in microdialysis and plasma samples using column switching and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
- 2005
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Ingår i: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0951-4198 .- 1097-0231. ; 19:15, s. 2116-2122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sensitive and reproducible method for the determination of morphine and the metabolites morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) was developed. The method was validated for perfusion fluid used in microdialysis as well as for sheep and human plasma. A C18 guard column was used to desalt the samples before analytical separation on a ZIC HILIC (hydrophilic interaction chromatography) column and detection with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The mobile phases were 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for desalting and acetonitrile/5 mM ammonium acetate (70:30) for separation. Microdialysis samples (5 microL) were directly injected onto the system. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) for morphine, M3G and M6G were 0.50, 0.22 and 0.55 ng/mL, respectively, and the method was linear from LLOQ to 200 ng/mL. For plasma, a volume of 100 microL was precipitated with acetonitrile containing internal standards (deuterated morphine and metabolites). The supernatant was evaporated and reconstituted in 0.05% TFA before the desalting process. The LLOQs for sheep plasma were 2.0 and 3.1 ng/mL and the ranges were 2.0-2000 and 3.1-3100 ng/mL for morphine and M3G, respectively. For human plasma, the LLOQs were 0.78, 1.49 and 0.53 ng/mL and the ranges were 0.78-500, 1.49-1000 and 0.53-500 ng/mL for morphine, M3G and M6G, respectively.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bollerslev, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of surgery on cardiovascular risk factors in mild primary hyperparathyroidism.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 94:7, s. 2255-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Mild primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) seems to have a good prognosis, and indications for active treatment (surgery) are widely discussed. The extraskeletal effects of PTH, such as insulin resistance, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular (CV) risk, may however be reversible by operation. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study biochemical markers of bone turnover, indices of the metabolic syndrome, and various risk markers for CV disease in patients with mild pHPT randomized to observation without surgery or operative treatment and followed for 2 yr. DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTS: A total of 116 patients (mean age, 63 +/- 8 yr; 19 men and 97 women) who on May 1, 2008, had performed the 2-yr visit in a randomized study on mild pHPT (serum calcium at baseline, 2.69 +/- 0.11 mmol/liter) and where frozen samples were available from baseline and follow-up participated in the study. RESULTS: Calcium and PTH levels were normalized after surgery, and biochemical markers of bone turnover decreased by 35%, followed by a significant increase in BMD in the spine (2.7%; P < 0.01) and femoral neck (1.1%; P < 0.02) compared with the observation group. No significant differences were observed between the groups for blood pressure, markers of insulin resistance, detailed cholesterol metabolism, adipokines, or parameters of inflammation and CV surrogate markers. CONCLUSIONS: We observed expected effects on biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mass after surgical treatment of mild pHPT, with stable values in the group randomized to observation. For a variety of measures of the metabolic syndrome, adipokines, and CV risk factors, no benefit of operative treatment could be demonstrated. Neither did we observe any deleterious effects of conservative management in the 2-yr perspective.
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| 4. |
- Bryskhe, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Spontaneous vesicle formation in a block copolymer system
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 108:28, s. 9710-9719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the formation of vesicles in the binary system of a triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) with the average composition EO5PO68EO5 in water. Vesicles are formed when a solution of unimers is heated into a two-phase region where, at equilibrium, a concentrated lamellar phase coexists with a dilute solution of unimers. The vesicles were characterized by cryo-TEM, static and dynamic light scattering, and NMR experiments. The average vesicle radius is approximately 60 nm, with an exponential size distribution, and the concentration of vesicles depends strongly on the temperature. The vesicles remain stationary on the time scale of hours. A striking observation is that, on this time scale, both the vesicle size distribution and the concentration of vesicles are reversible with respect to temperature cycles. However, on the time scale of weeks a sedimentation is observed in the solutions.
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| 5. |
- Cámara, Fernando, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Zinkgruvanite, Ba4Mn2+4Fe3+2(Si2O7)2(SO4)2O2(OH)2, a new ericssonite-group mineral from the Zinkgruvan Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu deposit, Askersund, Örebro County, Sweden.
- 2021
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Ingår i: European journal of mineralogy. - : Nicolaus Copernicus University Press. - 0935-1221 .- 1617-4011. ; 33:6, s. 659-673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zinkgruvanite, ideally Ba4Mn2+4Fe3+2(Si2O7)2(SO4)2O2(OH)2, is a new member of the ericssonite group, found in Ba-rich drill core samples from a sphalerite+galena- and diopside-rich metatuffite succession from the Zinkgruvan mine, Örebro county, Sweden. Zinkgruvanite is associated with massive baryte, barytocalcite, diopside and minor witherite, cerchiaraite-(Al) and sulfide minerals. It occurs as subhedral to euhedral flattened and elongated crystals up to 4 mm. It is almost black, semi-opaque with a dark brown streak. The luster is vitreous to sub-adamantine on crystal faces, resinous on fractures. The mineral is brittle with an uneven fracture. VHN100 = 539 and HMohs ~4½. In thin fragments, it is reddish-black, translucent and optically biaxial (+), 2Vz > 70°. Pleochroism is strong, deep brown-red (E ⊥ {001} cleavage) to olive-pale brown. Chemical point analyses by WDS-EPMA together with iron valencies determined from Mössbauer spectroscopy, yielded the empirical formula (based on 26 O+OH+F+Cl anions): (Ba4.02Na0.03)Σ4.05(Mn1.79Fe2+1.56Fe3+0.42Mg0.14Ca0.10Ni0.01Zn0.01)Σ4.03 (Fe3+1.74Ti0.20Al0.06)Σ2.00Si4(S1.61Si0.32P0.07)Σ1.99O24(OH1.63Cl0.29F0.08)Σ2.00. The mineral is triclinic, space group P–1, with unit-cell parameters a = 5.3982(1) Å, b = 7.0237(1) Å, c = 14.8108(4) Å, α = 98.256(2)º, β = 93.379(2)º, γ = 89.985(2)º and V = 554.75(2) Å3 for Z = 1. The eight strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines are [d Å (I%; hkl)]: 3.508 (70; 103), 2.980(70; 11–4), 2.814 (68; 1–22), 2.777 (70; 121), 2.699 (714; 200), 2.680 (68; 20–1), 2.125 (100; 124, 204), 2.107 (96; –221). The crystal structure (R1 = 0.0379 for 3204 reflections) is an array of TS (titanium silicate) blocks alternating with intermediate blocks. The TS blocks consist of HOH sheets (H = heteropolyhedral, O = octahedral) parallel to (001). In the O sheet, the Mn2+-dominant MO(1,2,3) sites give ideally Mn2+4 pfu. In the H sheet, the Fe3+-dominant MH sites and AP(1) sites give ideally Fe3+2Ba2 pfu. In the intermediate block, SO4 oxyanions and eleven coordinated Ba atoms give ideally 2 × SO4Ba pfu. Zinkgruvanite is related to ericssonite and ferro-ericssonite in having the same topology and type of linkage of layers in the TS block. Zinkgruvanite is also closely compositionally related to yoshimuraite, Ba4Mn4Ti2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O2(OH)2, via the coupled heterovalent substitution 2 Ti4+ + 2 (PO4)3- →2 Fe3+ + 2 (SO4)2-, but presents a different type of linkage. The new mineral probably formed during a late stage of regional metamorphism of a Ba-enriched, syngenetic protolith, involving locally generated oxidized fluids of high salinity.
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| 6. |
- Cárdenas, Marité, et al.
(författare)
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DNA compaction by cationic surfactant in solution and at polystyrene particle solution interfaces: a dynamic light scattering study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9084. ; 6:7, s. 1603-1607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of cationic surfactant on the compaction of DNA both in bulk solution and on polystyrene particles has been studied by dynamic light scattering. DNA undergoes a transition from a semiflexible coil to a more compact globule in aqueous solution as a consequence of cationic surfactant binding. Thus the hydrodynamic radius of DNA decreases from 107 nm to about 50 nm in the presence of cationic surfactant. Such compaction is also observed on DNA coated polystyrene particles. In this case, the hydrodynamic layer thickness of DNA coated particles is reduced from 36 to 5 nm in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
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| 7. |
- Feitosa, E, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of chain length on the melting temperature and size of dialkyldimethylammonium bromide vesicles
- 2006
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-3084. ; 142:1-2, s. 128-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential scanning calorimetry (DSc) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to obtain the gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition temperature (T-m) and the apparent hydrodynamic radius (R-h) of spontaneously formed cationic vesicles of dialkyldimethylammonium bromide salts (CnH2n+1)(2)(CH3)(2)N+center dot Br-, with varying chain lengths. The preparation of cationic vesicles from aqueous solution of these surfactants, for n = 12, 14, 16 and 18 (DDAB, DTDAB, DHDAB and DODAB, respectively), requires the knowledge of the surfactant gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition temperature, or melting temperature (T-m) since below this temperature these surfactants are poorly or not soluble in water. That series of cationic surfactants has been widely investigated as vesicle-forming surfactants, although C-12 and C-18, DDAB and DODAB are by far the most investigated from this series. The dependence of T-m of these surfactants on the number n of carbons in the surfactant tails is reported. The T-m obtained by DSC increases non-linearly with n, and the vesicle apparent radius R-h is about the same for DHDAB and DODAB, but much smaller for DDAB. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Godang, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of surgery on fat mass, lipid and glucose metabolism in mild primary hyperparathyroidism
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine connections. - 2049-3614. ; 7:8, s. 941-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mild primary hyperparathyroidism has been associated with increased body fat mass and unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors.To assess the effect of parathyroidectomy on fat mass, glucose and lipid metabolism.119 patients previously randomized to observation (OBS; n=58) or parathyroidectomy (PTX; n=61) within the Scandinavian Investigation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) trial, an open randomized multicenter study, were included. Main outcome measures for this study were the differences in fat mass, markers for lipid and glucose metabolism between OBS and PTX 5 years after randomization.In the OBS group, total cholesterol (Total-C) decreased from mean 5.9 (±1.1) to 5.6 (±1.0)mmol/L (P=0.037) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased from 3.7 (±1.0) to 3.3 (±0.9)mmol/L (P=0.010). In the PTX group, the Total-C and LDL-C remained unchanged resulting in a significant between-group difference over time (P=0.013 and P=0.026, respectively). This difference was driven by patients who started with lipid-lowering medication during the study period (OBS: 5; PTX: 1). There was an increase in trunk fat mass in the OBS group, but no between-group differences over time. Mean 25(OH) vitamin D increased in the PTX group (P<0.001), but did not change in the OBS group. No difference in parameters of glucose metabolism was detected.In mild PHPT, the measured metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors were not modified by PTX. Observation seems safe and cardiovascular risk reduction should not be regarded as a separate indication for parathyroidectomy based on the results from this study.
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| 9. |
- Jansson, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Pilot-Scale Experiments Using Cultivated Macro Algae for Biogas Production, Part of a Future Seafarm Biorefinery
- 2016
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Ingår i: 24th EUBCE Online Proceedings 2016. - : ETA-Florence Renewable Energies. - 9788889407165 ; , s. 627-629
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research is focused on evaluation of substrates not commonly used for biogas production and the development and optimization of processes adjusted to these substrates. This study deals with evaluation of sea weeds (Saccharina Lattisima and Laminaria digitata). Biomethane potential tests (BMP) have shown the methane potential of the algae to be 180-440 l CH4/kg organic material. These potentials are in the same range as potentials found for commonly used substrates such as sewage sludge and slaughterhouse waste. Sampling of produced biogas, substrate and digest were performed by using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) followed by analysis by a Gas Chromatograph with a Mass Spectrometrer (GC-MS) in order to develop a method to be able to characterize, monitor and possibly control the process.
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| 10. |
- Jansson, Ida
(författare)
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The effect of flowing water on turbine rotor vibrations
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a lack of standardized rules on how the fluid in the turbine should be included in rotor models of hydraulic machinery. This thesis is an attempt to shed some light on this issue. We approach the problem from two viewpoints, situated at place at a hydropower plant and by mathematical analysis.One goal of the thesis is to develop a measurement system that monitors the instantaneous pressure at several locations of a runner blade on a 10 MW Kaplan prototype in Porjus along Lule river. Paper A outlines the development of the measurement system and the instrumentation of the runner blade. Miniature piezo-resisitive pressure transducers were mounted flush to the surface. If instrumentation is successful, the pressure field of the runner blade could be measured simultaneously as the loads and displacements of the guide bearings and the generator.The second objective is concerned with how the motion-induced fluid force affects the dynamic behaviour of the rotor. Inertia and angular momentum of the fluid and shrouding are expected to influence the dynamic behaviour of the turbine. Paper B scrutinizes this assumption by presenting a simple fluid-rotor model that captures the effects of inertia and angular momentum of the fluid on the motion of a confined cylinder. The simplicity of the model allows for powerful analytical solution methods. The results show that fluid inertia, angular momentum and shrouding of hydraulic turbines could have substantial effects on lateral rotor vibrations. This calls for further investigation with a more complex fluid-rotor model that accounts for flexural bending modes.
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| 11. |
- Jansson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Advanced paramedics and nurses can deliver safe and effective pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care : An integrative review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2054-1058. ; 8:5, s. 2385-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To explore and present an overview of scope of practice among registered nurses and paramedics with an advanced level of education in pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care. Design An integrative literature review. Method Studies published between 2006 and 2018 were retrieved by searching the databases CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies were selected by three independent researchers, and data were synthesized using thematic analysis. Results The 25 studies identified focused on in-hospital (n = 15) and pre-hospital emergency care (n = 10) and included 13 professional titles originated from seven countries. The thematic analysis disclosed four themes; "Versatile care," "Safe care based on precision and accuracy," "Autonomous performance within boundaries" and "Beneficial towards patients and society." Advanced paramedics' and advanced nurses' services are characterized as safe, of high quality and of public benefit. Their services are being used in everyday practice as well as directed to certain categories of patients.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Jansson, Jenny, 1979-
(författare)
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Manufacturing Consensus : The Making of the Swedish Reformist Working Class
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The 1910s were a precarious time for the labor movement. The Russian Revolution in 1917 sparked a trend towards radicalization among labor organizations and communist organizations spread all over Europe. These organizations challenged existing notions of the “worker,” causing an identity crisis in class organizations. Suddenly, there were not only workers, but different kinds of workers, promoting not only social democracy and syndicalism, but also communism. The labor movement became fragmented. This was very much the case in Sweden. However, despite the conflict situation during the interwar period, the Swedish workers were integrated into a strong cohesive labor movement, united under the banner of reformism which, in turn, paved the way for a strong social democracy.How was this possible? This study presents an explanation of why the Swedish working class so unanimously adopted reformism. Its thesis is that the leadership of the Trade Union Confederation (LO) was well aware of the identity problems the leftwing factions had created for the reformist unions. Because of this, the leadership decided to take actions. As “identity entrepreneurs” the leaders re-formed the notion of the worker by constructing an organizational identity that downplayed class struggle and embraced discipline, peaceful solutions to labor market problems, and cooperation with the employers. This notion was inculcated in the workers through popular education. The book shows that ABF study circles became the main tool of the Trade Union Confederation’s identity policy in the 1920s and 1930s and its successful outcome paved the way for the renowned “Swedish Model.”
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Jansson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Prehospital care nurses' self reported competence : A cross-sectional study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 52, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Swedish ambulance service has undergone major changes in recent decades due to advancements being made in medical and technical resources, professional competence, and patient care. Registered and specialist nurses share the same role, accountabilities, and responsibilities in the ambulance service, and their professional competence has not yet been evaluated. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate and compare self-reported professional competence among nurses working in the ambulance service and to explore associations between potentially predictive background factors and self-reported professional competence. Method: A cross-sectional study with a digital questionnaire was used for collecting data from 34 registered nurses and 71 specialist nurses. The Ambulance Nurse Competence Scale and the Research Utilization Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: Significant differences were found among the nursing categories in terms of age, gender, education, and work experience. Prehospital emergency nurses reported the highest professional competence. Nurses with a master's degree did not report significantly higher professional competence than nurses with a bachelor's degree. Conclusions: The findings indicated that there are differences in the professional competence of registered nurses and specialist nurses. Length of work experience in the ambulance service is an important factor associated with higher professional competence.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Jansson, Jörgen
(författare)
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Prehospital nurses’ professional competence – utilization and development
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to explore nurses’ professional competence with a focus on scope of practice, content, utilization, and development within the ambulance service in Sweden.Methods: Integrative review (I), qualitative (II, III) and quantitative methods (IV) were used. The integrative review was based on 25 studies. The qualitative studies were based on interviews with 13 (II) and 16 prehospital nurses (III), and data was analyzed using content analysis (II) and grounded theory (III). In the quantitative study (IV), 105 nurses answered a digital questionnaire and descriptive and analytical statistics were used in the analysis. Main findings: Advanced nurses’ and paramedics’ assessments, treatments, and referrals were safe and of high quality and were characterized by a high degree of autonomy. Patients were satisfied with the care provided, reduced waiting times, and the avoidance of unnecessary transportation to hospital (I). Broad medical and nursing competence was required, and personality traits and contextual awareness were emphasized as unique competences (II). Prehospital emergency nurses reported higher levels of professional competence compared to registered nurses or other specialist nurses. No differences were identified between nurses with master’s or bachelor’s degrees, and clinical experience was a predictor of nursing competence (IV). At the start of their careers, the ambulance service represented a developing environment for nurses. When focus, education, roles, responsibilities, and requirements remained the same, continued competence development risked stagnation (III).Conclusions: Personality, clinical competence, prehospital experience, and contextual competence were emphasized. Academic competence was neglected and not demanded. This thesis provides new knowledge that can contribute to the continued development of the ambulance service and to a more efficient utilization of the full spectrum of nurses’ professional competence.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jansson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Small-angle X-ray scattering, light scattering, and NMR study of PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer/cationic surfactant complexes in aqueous solution
- 2005
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 109:15, s. 7073-7083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of triblock copolymer/surfactant complexes upon mixing a nonionic Pluronic polymer (PEO-PPO-PEO) with a cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), has been studied in dilute aqueous solutions using small-angle X-ray scattering, static and dynamic light scattering, and self-diffusion NMR. The studied copolymer (denoted P123, EO20PO68EO20) forms micelles with a radius of 10 nm and a molecular weight of 7.5 x 101, composed of a hydrophobic PPC-rich core of radius 4 nm and a water swollen PEO corona. The P123/CTAC system has been investigated between 1 and 5 wt % P123 and with varying surfactant concentration up to approximately 170 mM CTAC (or a molar ratio n(CTAC)/n(P123) 19.3). When CTAC is mixed with micellar P123 solutions, two different types of complexes are observed at various CTAC concentrations. At low molar ratios (>= 0.5) a '' P123 micelle-CTAC '' complex is obtained as the CTAC monomers associate noncooperatively with the P123 micelle, forming a spherical complex. Here, an increased interaction between the complexes with increasing CTAC concentration is observed. The interaction has been investigated by determining the structure factor obtained by using the generalized indirect Fourier transformation (GIFT) method. The interaction between the P123 micelle-CTAC complexes was modeled using the Percus-Yevick closure. For the low molar ratios a small decrease in the apparent molecular weight of the complex was obtained, whereas the major effect was the increase in electrostatic repulsion between the complexes. Between molar ratios 1.9 and 9 two coexisting complexes were found, one P123 micelle-CTAC complex and one '' CTAC-P123 '' complex. The latter one consists of one or a few P123 unimers and a few CTAC monomers. As the CTAC concentration increases above a molar ratio of 9, the P123 micelles are broken up and only the CTAC-P123 complex that is slightly smaller than a CTAC micelle exists. The interaction between the P123/CTAC complexes was modeled with the hypernetted-chain closure using a Yukawa type potential in the GIFT analysis, due to the stronger electrostatic repulsion.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Jansson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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The interaction between PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymers and ionic surfactants in aqueous solution studied using light scattering and calorimetry
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 108:1, s. 82-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Properties of nonionic triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) (EOnPOmEOn) in aqueous solution and their interaction with the ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride have been investigated by static and dynamic light scattering, high sensitivity differential scanning, and isothermal titration calorimetry. The studied copolymers (denoted P123 and F127) have the same hydrophobic PPO central block (m = 68), but different length of the endblocks, n = 20 and 97. At 40degreesC, the copolymers are associated into micelles with hydrodynamic radius of 9.8 nm (P123) and 12.5 nm (F127) composed of a hydrophobic PPO core and a water-swollen PEO corona. The different copolymer/surfactant systems have been investigated at a constant copolymer concentration of 1 wt % and with varying surfactant concentration up to about 120 mM. When ionic surfactants are added to the PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer micellar systems, three concentration regimes are observed in the results from the complementary experimental techniques. At low surfactant concentrations ( < 1-2 mM), single surfactant molecules associate with the copolymer micelle forming a large copolymer-rich complex that becomes increasingly charged. The relaxation time distributions from dynamic light scattering are monomodal and the electrostatic interaction is evidenced in both the static and the dynamic light scattering results. In the intermediate surfactant concentration regime, two types of copolymer-surfactant complexes coexist, one large copolymer-rich complex and one small complex consisting of one or a few copolymer chains and rich in surfactant. This indicates a peel-off mechanism behind the disintegration of the copolymer micelles. The titration calorimetric data present an exothermic signal as the PPO blocks become rehydrated when the copolymer micelles breakup. At high surfactant concentrations, only the small surfactant-rich complexes are present in the systems.
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| 27. |
- Jansson, Jörgen
(författare)
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The Interaction between Triblock Copolymers and Surfactants in Dilute Aqueous Solution
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The solution properties of dilute aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymers and their interaction with surfactants have been investigated using static and dynamic light scattering, combined with small angle X-ray scattering, calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In aqueous solution, the triblock copolymers P123 and F127 (EO20PO68EO20 and EO97PO68EO97, respectively) form micelles with a PPO core and a PEO corona. The triblock copolymer L121 (EO5PO68EO5) forms vesicles, that are quasi-stationary, by increasing the temperature into a two-phase region. The P123 and the F127 micelles interact with a cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride), an anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and a nonionic [hexa(ethylene oxide) monododecyl ether] surfactant. The interaction behavior can be divided into three different surfactant concentration intervals. At low surfactant concentrations the copolymers and surfactants form a spherical mixed complex, which resembles a block copolymer micelle. In the ionic surfactant cases, the low surfactant concentration regime is followed by a narrow concentration interval, where two coexisting complexes (a large block copolymer micelle-surfactant complex and a small surfactant-copolymer complex) are found. At high ionic surfactant concentrations, the copolymer micelles are broken up due to the electrostatic interaction and only small surfactant-copolymer complexes are left. The surfactant-copolymer complex resembles a pure surfactant micelle. In the case of the nonionic surfactant, a single mixed complex is formed over the whole surfactant concentration range investigated. This complex undergoes a structural change and grows in one dimension into a rod-like complex at elevated temperatures (40 °C and above) and at high surfactant concentrations.
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| 28. |
- Johansson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidens biobaserade byggande och boende : Slutrapport
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aimof the project "Biobased building and living for the future" was to create conditions for increased use of bio-based products and services in the construction sector in Sweden and Europe and to increase the competitiveness of the Swedish timber manufacturing industry. The project has shown ways to develop E-commerce, parts of the production where increased digitalization leads to increased capacity and quality, as well as solutions for development of floor systems, external walls and tall timber buildings. The project has shown development opportunities to increase the use of bio-based products that implemented will increase competitiveness.The project has been divided into eleven sub-projects to study the various aspects of external factors, market conditions and business models, process development and product development. Within each sub-project, several workshops have been carried out to jointly evaluate results and decide the next step in the sub-project. Through joint workshops, the partners have also been able to meet and share results across the sub-projects and spread knowledge and create networks within the industry. The last part is perceived as very valuable by both the companies and the academy / institute.For the joinery value chain, a current situation analysis has been carried out and shown how the development of E-commerce platforms must be combined with process development in order to have a large effect. The results will be utilized in the companies' strategy work ahead. For the timber building value chain, demonstrators have shown development opportunities for both process and product development. The next step for the companies is to evaluate the various solutions linked to their own production conditions.
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| 29. |
- Karlsson Sundbaum, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Uncontrolled asthma predicts severe COVID-19: a report from the Swedish National Airway Register.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-4666 .- 1753-4658. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe asthma increases the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes such as hospitalization and death. However, more studies are needed to understand the association between asthma and severe COVID-19.A cohort of 150,430 adult asthma patients were identified in the Swedish National Airway Register (SNAR) from 2013 to December 2020. Data on body mass index, smoking habits, lung function, and asthma control test (ACT) were obtained from SNAR, and uncontrolled asthma was defined as ACT ⩽19. Patients with severe COVID-19 were identified following hospitalization or in death certificates based on ICD-10 codes U07.1 and U07.2. The Swedish Prescribed Drug register was used to identify comorbidities and data from Statistics Sweden for educational level. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations with severe COVID-19.Severe COVID-19 was identified in 1067 patients (0.7%). Older age (OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.03-1.04), male sex (1.42, 1.25-1.61), overweight (1.56, 1.27-1.91), obesity (2.12, 1.73-2.60), high-dose inhaled corticosteroids in combination with long-acting β-agonists (1.40, 1.22-1.60), dispensed oral corticosteroids ⩾2 (1.48, 1.25-1.75), uncontrolled asthma (1.64, 1.35-2.00), cardiovascular disease (1.20, 1.03-1.40), depression (1.47, 1.28-1.68), and diabetes (1.52, 1.29-1.78) were associated with severe COVID-19, while current smoking was inversely associated (0.63, 0.47-0.85). When comparing patients who died from COVID-19 with those discharged alive from hospital until 31 December 2020, older age, male sex, and current smoking were associated with COVID-19 death.Patients with uncontrolled asthma and high disease burden, including increased asthma medication intensity, should be identified as risk patients for severe COVID-19. Furthermore, current smoking is strongly associated with COVID-19 death in asthma.
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| 30. |
- Lundstam, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of parathyroidectomy versus observation on the development of vertebral fractures in mild primary hyperparathyroidism
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 100:4, s. 1359-1367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common disease especially in middle-aged and elderly women. The diagnosis is frequently made incidentally and treatment strategies are widely discussed. Objective: To study the effect of parathyroidectomy (PTX) compared with observation (OBS) on biochemistry, safety, bone mineral density (BMD), and new fractures. Design: Prospective, randomized controlled study (SIPH study), 5-year follow-up. Setting: Multicenter, tertiary referral centers. Patients: Of 191 randomized patients with mild PHPT, biochemical data were available for 145 patients after 5 years, mean age at inclusion 62.8 years (OBS group, 9 males) and 62.1 years (PTX group, 10 males). Intervention: Parathyroidectomy vs observation. Main outcome measures: Biochemistry, BMD and new radiographic vertebral fractures. Results: Serum-calcium and PTH-levels normalized after surgery and did not deteriorate by observation. BMD Z-scores were normal at inclusion in the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). For LS, BMD Z-scores were stable for 5 years with observation, but decreased in FN (P<0.02). After surgery, BMD Z-scores increased significantly in both compartments (P<0.02 for both), with a highly significant treatment effect of surgery compared to observation (P<0.001). During follow-up, 5 new clinically unrecognized vertebral fractures were found in 5 females, all in the OBS group (P=0.058). Conclusion: Even though new vertebral fractures occurred only in the observation group, the frequency was not significantly different from the surgery group. Longer follow-up is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn about the long-term safety of observation, as opposed to surgery.
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| 31. |
- Matthiessen, Peter, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Is early detection of anastomotic leakage possible by intraperitoneal microdialysis and intraperitoneal cytokines after anterior resection of the rectum for cancer?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0012-3706 .- 1530-0358. ; 50:11, s. 1918-1927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This prospective study assessed methods of detecting intraperitoneal ischemia and inflammatory response in patients with and without postoperative complications after anterior resection of the rectum. METHODS: In 23 patients operated on with anterior resection of the rectum for rectal carcinoma, intraperitoneal lactate, pyruvate, and glucose levels were monitored postoperatively for six days by using microdialysis with catheters applied in two locations: intraperitoneally near the anastomosis, and in the central abdominal cavity. A reference catheter was placed subcutaneously in the pectoral region. Cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, were measured in intraperitoneal fluid by means of a pelvic drain for two postoperative days. RESULTS: The intraperitoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio near the anastomosis was higher on postoperative Day 5 (P = 0.029) and Day 6 (P = 0.009) in patients with clinical anastomotic leakage (n = 7) compared with patients without leakage (n = 16). The intraperitoneal levels of IL-6 (P = 0.002; P = 0.012, respectively) and IL-10 (P = 0.002; P = 0.041, respectively) were higher on postoperative Days 1 and 2 in the leakage group, and TNF-alpha was higher in the leakage group on Day 1 (P = 0.011). In-hospital clinical anastomotic leakage was diagnosed on median Day 6, and leakage after hospital discharge on median Day 20. CONCLUSIONS: The intraperitoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio and cytokines, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha, were increased in patients who developed symptomatic anastomotic leakage before clinical symptoms were evident.
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| 32. |
- Nilsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Tryptophan-tagged cutinase studied by steady state fluorescence for understanding of tag interactions in aqueous two-phase systems
- 2003
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics. - 1570-9639. ; 1646:1-2, s. 57-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic engineering has been used to construct fusion proteins of Fusarium solani pisi cutinase and tryptophan-based tags, expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to increase the partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems. The separation systems were composed of thermoseparating polymers (random copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, EOPO) and detergents (C12EOn). In this study, the fluorescence behaviour of the peptide-tagged protein, free peptide tag and tryptophan was investigated. The tryptophan-tagged proteins, cutinase-(WP)4 and cutinase-TGGSGG-(WP)4, showed emission spectra similar to the free peptides and tryptophan, indicating solvent exposure of the tag. The influence of polymers and detergents on the fluorescence of tagged proteins was examined. When peptides and tagged proteins were exposed to polymer, a slight blue shift of the emission maximum was observed. Larger blue shifts of the emission maximum were observed when C12EOn detergents were utilised. The results correlate with aqueous two-phase partitioning where addition of C12EOn detergents results in more extreme partitioning compared to systems containing only polymers. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements of the EOPO copolymers were carried out, showing that the polymers did not aggregate at concentrations used in aqueous two-phase systems. Quenching of fluorescence with iodide for both proteins and peptide tags was studied. Plots according to the Stern-Volmer equation resulted in a linear fit, indicating exposed tryptophan residues for both free peptides and fusion proteins. The quenching constants were similar for both tagged protein and free peptide tag. The fluorescence results indicated that the tryptophan residues in the tag were exposed to the solvent and could interact with detergents and polymers in the two-phase systems.
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| 33. |
- Ohlsson, Claes, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The role of liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-I.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Endocrine reviews. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7189 .- 0163-769X. ; 30:5, s. 494-535
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- IGF-I is expressed in virtually every tissue of the body, but with much higher expression in the liver than in any other tissue. Studies using mice with liver-specific IGF-I knockout have demonstrated that liver-derived IGF-I, constituting a major part of circulating IGF-I, is an important endocrine factor involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Detailed studies comparing the impact of liver-derived IGF-I and local bone-derived IGF-I demonstrate that both sources of IGF-I can stimulate longitudinal bone growth. We propose here that liver-derived circulating IGF-I and local bone-derived IGF-I to some extent have overlapping growth-promoting effects and might have the capacity to replace each other (= redundancy) in the maintenance of normal longitudinal bone growth. Importantly, and in contrast to the regulation of longitudinal bone growth, locally derived IGF-I cannot replace (= lack of redundancy) liver-derived IGF-I for the regulation of a large number of other parameters including GH secretion, cortical bone mass, kidney size, prostate size, peripheral vascular resistance, spatial memory, sodium retention, insulin sensitivity, liver size, sexually dimorphic liver functions, and progression of some tumors. It is clear that a major role of liver-derived IGF-I is to regulate GH secretion and that some, but not all, of the phenotypes in the liver-specific IGF-I knockout mice are indirect, mediated via the elevated GH levels. All of the described multiple endocrine effects of liver-derived IGF-I should be considered in the development of possible novel treatment strategies aimed at increasing or reducing endocrine IGF-I activity.
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| 34. |
- Petzäll, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Time saved with high speed driving of ambulances
- 2010
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 43:3, s. 818-822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportation with road ambulances is increasing because of a concentration of hospitals to larger units, with high quality in the acute care of the patients. The concentration implies longer distances to receiving units, which increases the transportation time. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the time difference in ambulance transportation with high speed emergency driving, compared to non-emergency driving in normal traffic pace. Data was collected from 30 emergency high speed ambulance transportations in urban and rural areas. These transportations were then repeated experimentally with an ambulance driving at normal traffic pace. The average speed and duration for the emergency transportations were shorter than for the experimental driving, both in urban and rural areas. The mean time saved was 2.9 min (urban areas) and 8.9 min (rural areas). Regardless of the patient's clinical status or need of care the emergency transportations were carried out in higher speed than the experimental driving. However, patients with life threatening conditions were not included in this study. Procedures and methods should be developed to identify the patients for which fast transportation has clinical relevance to the outcomes.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Riehm, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Ice formation detection on road surfaces using infrared thermometry
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cold Regions Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-232X .- 1872-7441. ; 83-84, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ice formation on roads causes hazardous conditions due to reduction of road surface friction. Forecasting, detecting and preventing ice formation are therefore of high importance for winter road maintenance personnel. Advanced sensors for detecting road ice exist, but there is a demand for more cost-effective technologies. A method for detection of road surface ice formation based on remote temperature measurements with infrared thermometers is presented. Freezing events were detected based on the temperature dynamics that result from the exothermic reaction as water freezes. Experimental measurements in a climate chamber and in field conditions showed that ice formation often causes a distinct temperature pattern, which could easily be identified and distinguished from other temperature fluctuations. The method is promising as a cost-effective technique suitable for several applications in cold regions where detection of ice formation is important. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 37. |
- Riehm, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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IMAGE PROCESSING AS A METHOD FOR DETERMINING ROAD SNOW ACCUMULATION
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Snowfall often causes limitations for road transportation and large efforts are devoted to snow removal. Snow that falls on a road surface often melts due to the surface being warmer than the air under some circumstances. Melting of snow can also be induced by use of road salt. Consequently, snow measurements by precipitation sensors along roads may indicate thicker snow depths than are actually present on the roads. A method for determining the onset time of snow accumulation on roads based on a combination of precipitation measurements and image processing is presented. The method detects whether the snow accumulates rather than melts. It can be used to calculate accumulated snow depth, a more accurate measurement than using precipitation sensors alone. The method was tested over one winter and showed potential to improve the description of snow accumulation in a road network, which could lead to more efficient planning of snow removal.
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| 38. |
- Said, Safwat, et al.
(författare)
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Stålarmering av Väg 600, Sundom
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- REFLEX är ett EU-projekt där syftet har varit att utveckla stålarmerade vägkonstruktioner som kan förstärka en beläggnings hållbarhet. Det förväntade resultatet utifrån hela projektet är att öka livslängden i vägkroppen och därmed minska livscykelkostnaderna. Ett lämpligt objekt i samband med detta ansågs vara väg 600, Sundom, i Norrbottens län. Vägen valdes med tanke på att det är en väg som har breddats, har stora ojämnheter, tjälsprickor och bärighetsskador. Totalt 7 vägsträckor byggdes med olika konstruktioner.Inledande mätningar av tjällyftning och grundvattennivåer visar inte på några nämnvärda skillnader mellan armerad och oarmerad sträcka. Resultaten från vägytemätningarna visar ännu så länge inte heller några nämnbara skillnader mellan armerade och oarmerade sträckor. Resultaten från fallviktsmätningarna visar att bärigheten förbättrats något efter de utförda åtgärderna men de visar inga större skillnader mellan de olika sträckorna. Okulärbesiktningen visar att stålarmering utformad enligt kapitel 3 inte kan förhindra tvärgående sprickor uppkomna genom ojämna korta tjällyftningar i vägens längdriktning t.ex. vid trummor. Däremot finns det klara tendenser till att stålarmering utformad enligt kap. 3 kan förhindra längsgående sprickbildning uppkommen genom ojämn tjällyftning tvärs vägen. Det har konstaterats att armeringen har förmågan att styra ut sprickorna till beläggningskanterna. Det konstateras att det är kort tid, ca två år, för att dra slutliga slutsatser och avgöra armeringens effekt på vägens bärighet. Det vore nyttigt att följa upp vägens nedbrytning under några år framåt.
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| 39. |
- Schillén, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed Micelles of a PEO-PPO-PEO Triblock Copolymer (P123) and a Nonionic Surfactant (C12EO6) in Water. A Dynamic and Static Light Scattering Study
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 112, s. 5551-5562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present article reports on static and dynamic light scattering (SLS and DLS) studies of aqueous solutions of the nonionic surfactant C12EO6 and the poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer EO20PO68EO20 (P123) at temperatures between 25 and 45 degrees C. In water, P123 self-assembles into spherical micelles with a hydrodynamic radius of 10 nm, and at 40 degrees C, these micelles consist of 131 unimers. Addition of C12EO6 leads to an association of the surfactant molecules to the P123 micelles and mixed micelles are formed. The size and structure of the mixed micelles as well as interparticle interactions were studied by varying the surfactant-to-copolymer (C12EO6/P123) molar ratio. The novelty of this study consists of a composition-induced structural change of the mixed micelles at constant temperature. They gradually change from being spherical to polymer-like with increasing C12EO6 content. At low C12EO6/P123 molar ratios (below 12), the SLS measurements showed that the molar mass of the mixed micelles decreases with an increasing amount of C12EO6 in the micelles for all investigated temperatures. In this regime, the mixed micelles are spherical and the DLS measurements revealed a decrease in the hydrodynamic radius of the mixed micelles. An exception was found for C12EO6/P123 molar ratios between 2 and 3, where the mixed micelles become rodlike at 40 degrees C. This was the subject of a previous study1 and has hence not been investigated here. At high molar ratios (48 and above), the polymer-like micelles present a concentration-induced growth, similar to that observed in the pure C12EO6/water system.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Sidenblad, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Desired prehospital competence in trauma care, a comparison of paramedic and prehospital emergency nurse students
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionHigh professional competence (Cheetham& Chivers, 1998) of personnel in ambulance services is something that patients, relatives, and the ambulance organizations themselves expect. Prehospital advanced trauma care requires high levels of professional and clinical competence, with high stakes decisions and judgements often being made with limited information or in less than ideal conditions (Wilson et al., 2015). The importance of trauma specific training is well established by the proliferation of trauma care education programs eg. BTLS, ATLS, PHTLS. The perceptions of prehospital providers regarding the competencies required to adequality care for trauma patients has been questioned ie. whether students learning is correctly focused on the competencies required in practice. It has been argued that student perceptions of self-efficacy and competence can positively influence learning, leading to greater effectiveness of competency based assessments (van Dinther et al., 2014).AimThe aim is to describe the perceptions of South African paramedic and Swedish prehospital emergency nurse students towards competence in prehospital trauma care and compare their alignment to the Global Rating Scale and Ambulance Nurse Competence Scale instruments commonly used for competency based assessments. MethodThe student will employ a cross sectional descriptive survey design with using an online questionnaire. Responses will be compared to validated instruments: the Global Rating Scale (Tavares et al, 2013) and the Ambulance Nurse Competence scale (Nilsson et al, 2022). The study populations consist of paramedic students from South Africa and prehospital emergency nurse students from Sweden. Analysis techniques will include descriptive and inferential methods. ResultThe results may indicate that the differences between paramedics and nurses are not substantial, but they may also reveal specific distinctions. Furthermore, it can provide a greater understanding of students' perspectives on competency in the prehospital field, which both education programs can benefit from in terms of curriculum and didactic growth.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Svensson, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Endocrine, liver-derived IGF-I is of importance for spatial learning and memory in old mice.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 189:3, s. 617-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IGF-I is a neuroprotective hormone, and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, have been associated with decreased serum IGF-I concentration. In this study, IGF-I production was inactivated in the liver of adult mice (LI-IGF-I(-/-)), resulting in an approximately 80-85% reduction of circulating IGF-I concentrations. In young (6-month-old) mice there was no difference between the LI-IGF-I(-/-) and the control mice in spatial learning and memory as measured using the Morris water maze test. In old (aged 15 and 18 months) LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice, however, the acquisition of the spatial task was slower than in the controls. Furthermore, impaired spatial working as well as reference memory was observed in the old LI-IGF(-/-) mice. Histochemical analyses revealed an increase in dynorphin and enkephalin immunoreactivities but decreased mRNA levels in the hippocampus of old LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice. These mice also displayed astrocytosis and increased metabotropic glutamate receptor 7a-immunoreactivity. These neurochemical disturbances suggest synaptic dysfunction and early neurodegeneration in old LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice. The decline in serum IGF-I with increasing age may therefore be important for the age-related decline in memory function.
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| 47. |
- Tabrizi, Fara, et al.
(författare)
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P117. Predicting Genetic Risk for Depression and Anxiety Disorders
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundPolygenic scores (PGSs) harness the potential to provide an overall measure of individuals’ genetic liability to develop a disease (Torkamani et al., 2018), though much research is still needed. The aim of the present study was to predict prescription of pharmacological treatment of anxiety or depression from PGSs.MethodsThe target sample comprised two cohorts of genotyped Swedish twins (n = 11037). Cases were defined as individuals prescribed pharmacological treatment of depression (n = 1129) or anxiety (n = 1446). We constructed 6 PGSs based on GWAS on MDD diagnosis, Anxiety, Schizophrenia, Neuroticism scores, the GAD-7 scale, and the PHQ-9. Data were analyzed by logistic regression models with change in pseudo-R2 (above the baseline model with sex, age, cohort, and 20 ancestral PCs) following the inclusion of PGSs to predict the risk of anxiety or depression medication. All results corrected for multiple comparisons.ResultsPredictive performance was estimated to ΔR2depression = 0.028; ΔR2anxiety = 0.025 when all PGSs were included in the same model, with PGS for MDD being the single best predictor for both anxiety and depression. Individuals in the top 10% of the PGS distribution had greater odds of drug prescription (ORdepression = 1.82; CI95% = 1.53—2.17; ORanxiety = 1.65; CI95% = 1.40—1.95), while the bottom 10% had decreased risk (ORanxiety = 0.56; CI95% = 0.45—0.70; ORdepression = 0.58; CI95% = 0.45—0.74) compared to the remaining 90% of the distribution.ConclusionsPGSs can predict drug prescription for anxiety and depression in an independent sample.
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| 48. |
- Tabrizi, Fara, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of anxiety and depression from polygenic scores in Swedish twins
- 2021
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Ingår i: Abstracts of the WASAD Congress 2021. - : Springer. ; , s. 1802-1803
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several common variants associated with depression (Howard et al. 2019; Levey et al. 2021) and anxiety disorders (Levey et al. 2020; Meier et al. 2019; Purves et al. 2020), and these findings have been harnessed to develop polygenic scores (PGS) in order to provide an overall measure of individuals’ genetic liability to develop a disease (Torkamani et al. 2018). Research on the utility of PGSs as predictors of risk for disease is gaining traction, with studies on somatic illness showing that disease risk increases sharply in the right tail of the PGS distribution (Khera et al. 2018). Thus, PGS stratification could be of clinical relevance if it provides an opportunity to target those in need of preventive interventions with increased precision. The current potential of PGS stratification for depression and anxiety disorders remains an open question. In the current study, we applied 36 predefined PGSs from the polygenic index repository (Becker et al. 2021) on a target sample of 11,210 genotyped twins. Cases were defined as those with prescribed medication, where the prescription explicitly stated that a drug was ordinated for indication of depression or anxiety, respectively. Drugs included antidepressants (SSRI and SNRI), Benzodiazepines, Antihistamines, Buspirone, and Betablockers.
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| 49. |
- Tivesten, Åsa, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-I is involved in the regulation of blood pressure in mice.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - 0013-7227. ; 143:11, s. 4235-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IGF-I has been suggested to be of importance for cardiovascular structure and function, but the relative role of locally produced and liver-derived endocrine IGF-I remains unclear. Using the Cre-LoxP recombination system, we have previously created transgenic mice with a liver-specific, inducible IGF-I knockout (LI-IGF-I-/-). To examine the role of liver-derived IGF-I in cardiovascular physiology, liver-derived IGF-I was inactivated at 4 wk of age, resulting in a 79% reduction of serum IGF-I levels. At 4 months of age, systolic blood pressure (BP) was increased in LI-IGF-I-/- mice. Echocardiography showed increased posterior wall thickness in combination with decreased stroke volume and cardiac output, whereas other systolic variables were unchanged, suggesting that these cardiac effects were secondary to increased peripheral resistance. Acute nitric oxide-synthase inhibition increased systolic BP more in LI-IGF-I-/- mice than in control mice. LI-IGF-I-/- mice showed impaired acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in mesenteric resistance vessels and increased levels of endothelin-1 mRNA in aorta. Thus, the increased peripheral resistance in LI-IGF-I-/- mice might be attributable to endothelial dysfunction associated with increased expression of endothelin-1 and impaired vasorelaxation of resistance vessels. In conclusion, our findings suggest that liver-derived IGF-I is involved in the regulation of BP in mice.
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| 50. |
- Welinder, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Cytokeratin 20 improves the detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with colorectal cancer.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7980 .- 0304-3835. ; 358:1, s. 43-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) is a well-established marker for colon epithelium. Herein, we suggest that CK20 is a biomarker for detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Blood specimens (7.5 mL) were collected during surgery after liver mobilization from 25 patients with colorectal cancer. The FDA approved CellSearch™ system and two panels of antibodies against cytokeratins, cytokeratin 8, 18 and 19 (CK8/18/19) and CK8/18/19/20, were used for the detection of CTCs. All the patients' samples were processed using the anti-CK8/18/19 panel. The number of detected CTCs was low, 52% of the patients lacked CTCs and 40% had ≤ 2 CTCs/7.5 mL blood. Nine of the patients' blood samples were processed with both antibody panels. The detection rate of CTCs was significantly higher using the anti-CK8/18/19/20 panel compared with the anti-CK8/18/19 panel, p-value 0.0078. Our data show that inclusion of CK20 as a biomarker efficiently improves the detection of CTCs in colorectal cancer patients. The finding in our study is of clinical importance since a new prognostic biomarker would provide an important tool in individual clinical decision-making for colorectal cancer patients.
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