| 1. |
- Chen, Long, et al.
(författare)
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Facile synthesis of mesoporous carbon nanocomposites from natural biomass for efficient dye adsorption and selective heavy metal removal
- 2016
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 6:3, s. 2259-2269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesoporous carbon with embedded iron carbide nanoparticles was successfully synthesized via a facile impregnation–carbonization method. A green biomass resource, cotton fabric, was used as a carbon precursor and an iron precursor was implanted to create mesopores through a catalytic graphitization reaction. The pore structure of the nanocomposites can be tuned by adjusting the iron precursor loadings and the embedded iron carbide nanoparticles serve as an active component for magnetic separation after adsorption. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was carefully investigated by various characterization techniques including electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, surface analyzer, magnetic property analyzer and etc. The newly created mesopores are demonstrated as a critical component to enhance the adsorption capacity of organic dyes and embedded iron carbide nanoparticles are responsible for the selective removal of heavy metal ions (Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr6+ and Pb2+). Isotherm adsorption, kinetic study at three different temperatures (25, 45 and 65 °C) and cycling retention tests were performed to understand the adsorptive behavior of the nanocomposites with organic dyes (methylene blue and methyl orange). Together with the preferable removal of more toxic heavy metal species (Cr6+ and Pb2+), these mesoporous nanocomposites show promising applications in pollutant removal from water. The facile material preparation allows convenient scale-up manufacturing with low cost and minimum environmental impact.
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| 2. |
- Chen, Long, et al.
(författare)
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Pore size dependent molecular adsorption of cationic dye in biomass derived hierarchically porous carbon
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 196, s. 168-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hierarchically porous carbon adsorbents were successfully fabricated from different biomass resources (softwood, hardwood, bamboo and cotton) by a facile two-step process, i.e. carbonization in nitrogen and thermal oxidation in air. Without involving any toxic/corrosive chemicals, large surface area of up to 890 m2/g was achieved, which is comparable to commercial activated carbon. The porous carbons with various surface area and pore size were used as adsorbents to investigate the pore size dependent adsorption phenomenon. Based on the density functional theory, effective (E-SSA) and ineffective surface area (InE-SSA) was calculated considering the geometry of used probing adsorbate. It was demonstrated that the adsorption capacity strongly depends on E-SSA instead of total surface area. Moreover, a regression model was developed to quantify the adsorption capacities contributed from E-SSA and InE-SSA, respectively. The applicability of this model has been verified by satisfactory prediction results on porous carbons prepared in this work as well as commercial activated carbon. Revealing the pore size dependent adsorption behavior in these biomass derived porous carbon adsorbents will help to design more effective materials (either from biomass or other carbon resources) targeting to specific adsorption applications.
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| 3. |
- Ji, Tuo, et al.
(författare)
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Green Processing of Plant Biomass into Mesoporous Carbon as Catalyst Support
- 2016
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 295, s. 301-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four different plant biomass, bamboo, cotton, soft wood and hard wood, were utilized as carbon precursors to fabricate porous carbon catalyst supports via a chemical free approach. Large surface area with unique mesoporous structure was successfully created in the carbon, which made them suitable for catalyst support. After decorating silver nanoparticles onto these carbon supports, nitroaromatics reduction reactions were performed to evaluate the catalyst activity. Results indicate that chemical composition and surface groups of carbon supports determine the metal catalyst nucleation/growth while the porous microstructure of support affects the mass transport of reactant/product across the liquid/catalyst interface. Among the four selected biomass, porous carbon manufactured from soft wood acquires the highest average pore size, pore volume, mesopore volume fraction and best catalytic activity after decorating silver nanoparticles. This work not only presents an environmental benign process that converts natural biomass into effective porous carbon catalyst supports, but also offers a comprehensive understanding of biomass structure/composition relating to their suitability as catalyst support.
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| 4. |
- Li, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Porous Metallosalen Hypercrosslinked Ionic Polymers for Cooperative CO2 Cycloaddition Conversion
- 2020
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Ingår i: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0888-5885 .- 1520-5045. ; 59:2, s. 676-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metallosalen-based porous ionic polymers have the potential to combine the merits of homogeneous organometallics and heterogeneous porous ionic catalysts in carbon dioxide (CO2) cycloaddition conversion. Herein, a series of porous metallosalen hypercrosslinked ionic polymers (M-HIPs) were synthesized through a simple method. The M-HIPs with high metal and Br anion concentrations were evaluated by catalyzing CO2 cycloaddition with epoxides. Because of the cooperative effect between Br anions and metal active species in the porous channel, M-HIPs exhibited a high CO2 catalytic performance even under ambient conditions. Among the M-HIPs (M = Co, Al, Zn), Co-HIP showed the best catalytic performance for various epoxides and was stable after five runs. Density functional theory calculations support the fact that Co-HIP had the lowest energy barrier, which agreed with the experimental results.
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| 5. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Enriching Heteroelements in Lignin as Lubricating Additives for Bioionic Liquids
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 4:7, s. 3877-3887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Depolymerization and modification of lignin have been achieved simultaneously in a one-pot chemical reaction. Two heteroelement-rich modifiers, imidazol-1-yl phosphonic dichloride and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl phosphonic dichloride, were selected to react with lignin in this work. The modified lignin (m-lignin) is demonstrated as an effective lubricating additive for [choline][amino acid] ([CH][AA]) bioionic liquids. Different characterization techniques have been utilized to study the lignin depolymerization, reaction between lignin and modifiers and m-lignin/[CH][AA] interaction. The effect of the molecular structure of the modifiers on the rheological and tribological properties of m-lignin/[CH][AA] lubricants was systematically investigated. Density function theory is used to calculate the electronic structure of lignin, m-lignin, and [CH][AA]. The atomic natural charge analysis revealed the most negative charge on nitrogen bonded to a phosphorus atom and the strongest capability of forming hydrogen bonding with [CH][AA]. The introduced nitrogen and phosphorus elements not only increase the hydrogen bonding density in m-lignin/[CH][AA] but also enhance the polarity of the m-lignin, both of which facilitate a strong adhesion of lubricant on a metal surface and thus promote lubrication. A larger fraction of heteroatom groups in m-lignin contributes to a better lubrication property of these lubricants
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| 6. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Grafting Heteroelement-Rich Groups on Graphene Oxide : Tuning Polarity and Molecular Interaction with Bio-Ionic Liquid for Enhanced Lubrication
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 498, s. 47-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two different heteroelement-rich molecules have been successfully grafted on graphene oxide (GO) sheets which were then used as lubricant additives in bio-ionic liquid. The grafting was processed with reactions between GO sheets and synthesized heteroelement-rich molecules (Imidazol-1-yl phosphonic dichloride and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl phosphonic dichloride, respectively). The modified GO (m-GO) was added into [Choline][Proline] ([CH][P]) bio-ionic liquid, and has been demonstrated effective additive in promoting lubrication. Different characterization techniques have been utilized to study the reaction between GO and the two modifiers. The effect of molecular structure of the modifiers on the rheological and tribological properties of m-GO/[CH][P] lubricants was systematically investigated. Both theoretical calculation and experimental results demonstrated that the introduced heteroelement-rich groups are beneficial to increase the robustness of lubrication film by intensified hydrogen bonding and enhance the lubricant/friction surface adhesion by increased polarity of the m-GO. As a result, the interfacial lubrication could be significantly improved by these newly developed m-GO/[CH][P] lubricants.
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| 7. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Ionic Grease Lubricants : Protic [Triethanolamine][Oleic acid] and Aprotic [Choline][Oleic acid]
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 8:7, s. 4977-4984
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ionic liquid lubricants or lubricant additives have been studied intensively over past decades. However, ionic grease serving as lubricant has rarely been investigated so far. In this work, novel protic [Triethanolamine][Oleic acid] and aprotic [Choline][Oleic acid] ionic greases are successfully synthesized. These ionic greases can be directly used as lubricants without adding thickener or other additives. Their distinct thermal and rheological properties are investigated and well correlated to their tribological properties. It is revealed that aprotic ionic grease shows superior temperature and pressure tolerant lubrication properties than protic ionic grease. The lubrication mechanism is studies and it reveals that strong physical adsorption of ionic grease onto friction surface plays a dominating role for promoted lubrication instead of tribo-chemical film formation.
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| 8. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Origin of Efficient Phonon Transfer in Modulated Polymer Blends : Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on Polymer Coil Size and Assembled Microstructure
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 121:26, s. 14204-14212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular level engineering of polymer or polymer blends has been recently demonstrated effective strategy to regulate thermal conductivity. Such materials are of great interest to meet critical requirements of transparent, light weight, flexible, etc for thermal management in electronic applications. In this work, modulated polymer blends with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and biopolymers (lignin, gelatin) were designed and significantly enhanced thermal conductivity was achieved by tuning the intermolecular interaction among polymer components. The hydrogen bond interaction has been revealed as the major driving force that affects the polymer coil dimension in aqueous solution, the microstructure of coil-coil interaction in solid film and thus the thermal conduction. A solid relationship across molecular level interaction to macro-scale thermal conduction is constructed via careful characterization of the coil size in liquid phase and assembled microstructure in solid phase. Appropriate integration of biopolymers and PVA is essential to achieve synergistic effect. Specifically, thermal conductivity of polymer blend with 10% lignin and 10% G90 in PVA reaches 0.71 W/m·K, which is 184% enhancement as compared to pure PVA. This work reveals the fundamental molecular origin of polymer blends in association with thermal conductivity and has great potential to guide molecular engineering for superior physicochemical properties.
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| 9. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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[N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone][C1–C4 carboxylic acid] : novel solvent system with exceptional lignin solubility
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 51:70, s. 13554-13557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel solvent systems composed of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and C1–C4 carboxylic acid exhibit unique physicochemical properties, e.g. large polarity, low viscosity and excellent hydrogen bonding capacity, which have demonstrated excellent lignin solubility that outperforms conventional solvents and ionic liquids.
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| 10. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Non-corrosive green lubricants : strengthened lignin–[choline][amino acid] ionic liquids interaction via reciprocal hydrogen bonding
- 2015
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - 2046-2069. ; 5:81, s. 66067-66072
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of novel green lubricants with dissolved lignin in [choline][amino acid] ([CH][AA]) ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized in this work. The effect of lignin on the thermal and tribological properties of the lignin/[CH][AA] lubricants was systematically investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and a friction and wear tester. The lignin in [CH][AA] has been demonstrated to be an effective additive to improve thermal stability, reduce the wear rates and stabilize the friction coefficients of lignin/[CH][AA] lubricants. Density function theory calculations on the electronic structure of [CH][AA] ILs reveal the atomic natural charge of ILs and their hydrogen bonding capability with lignin. Moreover, these green lubricants show excellent anti-corrosive properties against commercial aluminum and iron boards. The strong physical adsorption of [CH][AA] ILs onto the steel surface and the reciprocal hydrogen bonding between [CH][AA] ILs and lignin synergistically contribute to the enhanced lubrication film strength and thus the tribological properties of these new lubricants. This work provides a new perspective on utilizing complete bio-products in advanced tribological lubrication systems. In addition, this will open a new application venue for lignin to improve product value in lignocellulosic biomass utilization.
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| 11. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Paving the Thermal Highway with Self-Organized Nanocrystals in Transparent Polymer Composites
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 8:42, s. 29080-29087
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phonon transfer is greatly scattered in traditional polymer composites due to the unpaired phonon frequency at the polymer/filler interface. A key innovation of this work is to build continuous crystal network by self-organization and utilize it as “thermal highway” that circumvents the long-existing interfacial thermal barrier issue in traditional composites. By tuning the molecular diffusion rate of dicarboxylic acids (oxalic acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid), different crystal structures including skeletal, dendrite, diffusion-limited aggregates, and spherulite were synthesized in PVA film. These continuous crystal structures benefit the efficient phonon transfer in the composites with minimized interfacial scattering and lead to a significant thermal conductivity enhancement of up to 180% compared to that of pure polymer. Moreover, the transparent feature of these composite films provides additional benefits in display applications. The post heat treatment effect on the thermal conductivity of the composite films shows a time-dependent behavior. These uniquely structured polymer/crystal composites are expected to generate significant impacts in thermal management applications.
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| 12. |
- Mu, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Structural strategies to design bio-ionic liquid : Tuning molecular interaction with lignin for enhanced lubrication
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Liquids. - : Elsevier. - 0167-7322 .- 1873-3166. ; 280, s. 49-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignin strengthened ionic liquids (ILs) have shown high potential to be used as high performance green lubricants. Strengthened lignin-ILs molecular interaction is an effective approach to improve their lubrication properties. The molecular interactions of ILs’ cation and anion containing different functional groups with lignin and efficiency on the lubricating properties have rarely been studied yet. In this work, a series of novel green lubricants with dissolved lignin in [Choline][Amino Acid] ([CH][AA]), [Tetramethylammonium][Glycine] ([N 1111 ][Gly]) and [Tetrabutylammonium][Glycine] ([N 4444 ][Gly]) ILs have been synthesized and their tribological properties were systematically investigated. The longer alkyl chain in cation without reciprocal H-bond interaction between ILs’ cation and anion has the positive effect on the anti-wear properties. In addition, the less steric effect and more negative natural charges of amino acid anion synergistically contribute to the stronger H-bond interaction between lignin and choline base ILs, which enhances lubrication film strength and thus resulting in the better tribological property of ILs/lignin green lubricants. Specifically, the wear volume loss of the steel disc lubricated by [N 4444 ][Gly] with the addition of 15% lignin is only 12% of the one lubricated by pure [N 4444 ][Gly]. This work presents a method to tune molecular interaction between lignin and ILs via the structural design of ILs’ cation and anion, which are revealed as the key factor that bridges the individual components and improves overall lubricating properties.
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| 13. |
- Nabizadeh, Armin, et al.
(författare)
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Spectral evolution of X-ray pulsar 4U 1901+03 during the 2019 outburst based on Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR observations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a detailed spectral analysis of emission from X-ray pulsar 4U 1901+03 using data obtained by the Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR observatories during the 2019 outburst of the source. Thanks to the extensive coverage of the outburst by Insight-HXMT, we were able to investigate the spectral evolution of the source as a function of flux, and compare these results to the previous reports, focusing on the properties of a putative absorption feature at around 10 keV. In particular, we demonstrate that the broadband X-ray continuum of 4U 1901+03 can be well described with a two-component continuum model without an absorption line at 10 keV, which casts doubt on its interpretation as a cyclotron line. The high quality of the data also allowed us to perform both phase-averaged and phase-resolved spectral analyses as a function of luminosity. Finally, we performed a detailed investigation of another absorption feature in the spectrum of the source around 30 keV recently reported in the NuSTAR data. We show that this feature appears to be significantly detected both in phase-averaged and phase-resolved spectra irrespective of the continuum model.
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| 14. |
- Wang, Ruoxing, et al.
(författare)
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Holistically Engineered Polymer–Polymer and Polymer–Ion Interactions in Biocompatible Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends for High‐Performance Triboelectric Devices in Self‐Powered Wearable Cardiovascular Monitorings
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 32:32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capability of sensor systems to efficiently scavenge their operational power from stray, weak environmental energies through sustainable pathways could enable viable schemes for self‐powered health diagnostics and therapeutics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can effectively transform the otherwise wasted environmental, mechanical energy into electrical power. Recent advances in TENGs have resulted in a significant boost in output performance. However, obstacles hindering the development of efficient triboelectric devices based on biocompatible materials continue to prevail. Being one of the most widely used polymers for biomedical applications, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) presents exciting opportunities for biocompatible, wearable TENGs. Here, the holistic engineering and systematic characterization of the impact of molecular and ionic fillers on PVA blends’ triboelectric performance is presented for the first time. Triboelectric devices built with optimized PVA‐gelatin composite films exhibit stable and robust triboelectricity outputs. Such wearable devices can detect the imperceptible skin deformation induced by the human pulse and capture the cardiovascular information encoded in the pulse signals with high fidelity. The gained fundamental understanding and demonstrated capabilities enable the rational design and holistic engineering of novel materials for more capable biocompatible triboelectric devices that can continuously monitor vital physiological signals for self‐powered health diagnostics and therapeutics.
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| 15. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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