| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Razavi-Shearer, Devin M., et al.
(författare)
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Adjusted estimate of the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in 25 countries and territories
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY. - 0168-8278 .- 1600-0641. ; 80:2, s. 232-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aims: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite RNA virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and propagation. Individuals infected with HDV progress to advanced liver disease faster than HBV-monoinfected individuals. Recent studies have estimated the global prevalence of anti-HDV antibodies among the HBV-infected population to be 5-15%. This study aimed to better understand HDV prevalence at the population level in 25 countries/territories. Methods: We conducted a literature review to determine the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals in 25 countries/territories. Virtual meetings were held with experts from each setting to discuss the findings and collect unpublished data. Data were weighted for patient segments and regional heterogeneity to estimate the prevalence in the HBV-infected population. The findings were then combined with The Polaris Observatory HBV data to estimate the anti-HDV and HDV RNA prevalence in each country/territory at the population level. Results: After adjusting for geographical distribution, disease stage and special populations, the anti-HDV prevalence among the HBsAg+ population changed from the literature estimate in 19 countries. The highest anti-HDV prevalence was 60.1% in Mongolia. Once adjusted for the size of the HBsAg+ population and HDV RNA positivity rate, China had the highest absolute number of HDV RNA+ cases. Conclusions: We found substantially lower HDV prevalence than previously reported, as prior meta-analyses primarily focused on studies conducted in groups/regions that have a higher probability of HBV infection: tertiary care centers, specific risk groups or geographical regions. There is large uncertainty in HDV prevalence estimates. The implementation of reflex testing would improve estimates, while also allowing earlier linkage to care for HDV RNA+ individuals. The logistical and economic burden of reflex testing on the health system would be limited, as only HBsAg+ cases would be screened.
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| 4. |
- Zhang, Zebin, et al.
(författare)
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Whole-genome resequencing reveals signatures of selection and timing of duck domestication
- 2018
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Ingår i: GigaScience. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2047-217X. ; 7:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The genetic basis of animal domestication remains poorly understood, and systems with substantial phenotypic differences between wild and domestic populations are useful for elucidating the genetic basis of adaptation to new environments as well as the genetic basis of rapid phenotypic change. Here, we sequenced the whole genome of 78 individual ducks, from two wild and seven domesticated populations, with an average sequencing depth of 6.42X per individual. Results: Our population and demographic analyses indicate a complex history of domestication, with early selection for separate meat and egg lineages. Genomic comparison of wild to domesticated populations suggests that genes that affect brain and neuronal development have undergone strong positive selection during domestication. Our F-ST analysis also indicates that the duck white plumage is the result of selection at the melanogenesis-associated transcription factor locus. Conclusions: Our results advance the understanding of animal domestication and selection for complex phenotypic traits.
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| 5. |
- Zhu, Ri Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetotransport properties of graphene layers decorated with colloid quantum dots
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1056. ; 28:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hybrid graphene-quantum dot devices can potentially be used to tailor the electronic, optical, and chemical properties of graphene. Here, the low temperature electronic transport properties of bilayer graphene decorated with PbS colloid quantum dots (CQDs) have been investigated in the weak or strong magnetic fields. The presence of the CQDs introduces additional scattering potentials that alter the magnetotransport properties of the graphene layers, leading to the observation of a new set of magnetoconductance oscillations near zero magnetic field as well as the high-field quantum Hall regime. The results bring about a new strategy for exploring the quantum interference effects in two-dimensional materials which are sensitive to the surrounding electrostatic environment, and open up a new gateway for exploring the graphene sensing with quantum interference effects.
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| 6. |
- Guo, Di, et al.
(författare)
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Cholecystokinin-like peptide mediates satiety by inhibiting sugar attraction
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 17:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feeding is essential for animal survival and reproduction and is regulated by both internal states and external stimuli. However, little is known about how internal states influence the perception of external sensory cues that regulate feeding behavior. Here, we investigated the neuronal and molecular mechanisms behind nutritional state-mediated regulation of gustatory perception in control of feeding behavior in the brown planthopper and Drosophila. We found that feeding increases the expression of the cholecystokinin-like peptide, sulfakinin (SK), and the activity of a set of SK-expressing neurons. Starvation elevates the transcription of the sugar receptor Gr64f and SK negatively regulates the expression of Gr64f in both insects. Interestingly, we found that one of the two known SK receptors, CCKLR-17D3, is expressed by some of Gr64f-expressing neurons in the proboscis and proleg tarsi. Thus, we have identified SK as a neuropeptide signal in a neuronal circuitry that responds to food intake, and regulates feeding behavior by diminishing gustatory receptor gene expression and activity of sweet sensing GRNs. Our findings demonstrate one nutritional state-dependent pathway that modulates sweet perception and thereby feeding behavior, but our experiments cannot exclude further parallel pathways. Importantly, we show that the underlying mechanisms are conserved in the two distantly related insect species.
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| 7. |
- Holmgren, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae).
- 2016
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Ingår i: ZooKeys. - 1313-2989 .- 1313-2970. ; :574, s. 113-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Holarctic diving beetle genus Graphoderus (Dytiscinae, Aciliini) contains relatively few and well-known species but these may still be difficult to identify based on external characters. A taxonomic problem in the eastern Palearctic was discovered that relates to the Palearctic Graphoderus zonatus (Hoppe, 1795) and the Nearctic Graphoderus perplexus Sharp, 1882. Based on qualitative and quantitative characters, especially on male genitalia which have been poorly studied in the past, it is shown that eastern Palearctic specimens identified by previous authors as either of the two species in fact belongs to a third species. The synonymized name Graphoderus elatus Sharp, 1882, is reinstated as a valid species (stat. n.) and a lectotype is designated from the mixed syntype series. The male genitalia of all known Graphoderus species have been examined and an illustrated identification key to the genus is provided. The three species in the complex of focus, Graphoderus elatus, Graphoderus zonatus and Graphoderus perplexus are found to have allopatric distributions; Graphoderus perplexus in the Nearctic region, Graphoderus zonatus in the west Palearctic region and eastwards to the Yenisei-Angara river and Graphoderus elatus east of the Yenisei-Angara river. All previous records of either Graphoderus zonatus or Graphoderus perplexus in the east Palearctic, east of the Yenisei-Angara river turned out to be misidentified Graphoderus elatus. This conclusion also brings with it that dimorphic females, thought only to be present in the single subspecies Graphoderus zonatus verrucifer (CR Sahlberg, 1824), proved to be present also in a second species, Graphoderus elatus. The dimorphic female forms is either with dorsally smooth elytra and pronotum or conspicuously granulated elytra and wrinkly pronotum. As has been shown in Graphoderus zonatus verrucifer there is a correlation between the occurrence of granulate female forms in a population and an increase in the number of adhesive discs on pro- and mesotarsus in males within Graphoderus elatus.
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| 8. |
- Holmgren, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)
- 2016
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Ingår i: ZooKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1313-2989 .- 1313-2970. ; :574, s. 113-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Holarctic diving beetle genus Graphoderus (Dytiscinae, Aciliini) contains relatively few and well-known species but these may still be difficult to identify based on external characters. A taxonomic problem in the eastern Palearctic was discovered that relates to the Palearctic G. zonatus (Hoppe, 1795) and the Nearctic G. perplexus Sharp, 1882. Based on qualitative and quantitative characters, especially on male genitalia which have been poorly studied in the past, it is shown that eastern Palearctic specimens identified by previous authors as either of the two species in fact belongs to a third species. The synonymized name G. elatus Sharp, 1882, is reinstated as a valid species (stat. n.) and a lectotype is designated from the mixed syntype series. The male genitalia of all known Graphoderus species have been examined and an illustrated identification key to the genus is provided. The three species in the complex of focus, G. elatus, G. zonatus and G. perplexus are found to have allopatric distributions; G. perplexus in the Nearctic region, G. zonatus in the west Palearctic region and eastwards to the Yenisei-Angara river and G. elatus east of the Yenisei-Angara river. All previous records of either G. zonatus or G. perplexus in the east Palearctic, east of the Yenisei-Angara river turned out to be misidentified G. elatus. This conclusion also brings with it that dimorphic females, thought only to be present in the single subspecies G. zonatus verrucifer (CR Sahlberg, 1824), proved to be present also in a second species, G. elatus. The dimorphic female forms is either with dorsally smooth elytra and pronotum or conspicuously granulated elytra and wrinkly pronotum. As has been shown in G. z. verrucifer there is a correlation between the occurrence of granulate female forms in a population and an increase in the number of adhesive discs on pro- and mesotarsus in males within G. elatus.
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| 9. |
- Hu, Dongxiao, et al.
(författare)
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Embodied AI Through Cloud-Fog Computing: A Framework for Everywhere Intelligence
- 2024
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Ingår i: 2024 33rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2024 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embodied AI represents a crucial step towards achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). The next paradigm of Embodied AI involves physical embodiment, enhanced perception capabilities, and adaptive automation. This advances the field significantly, paving the way for broader expansion. Despite the significant progress, existing computing frameworks, like local computation or cloud computing, struggle to meet the substantial demands of Embodied AI. The Cloud-Fog Embodied framework, namely based on CFA (cloud-fog automation) offers a promising solution to address these challenges. Our goal is to drive integration across multiple domains, including AI, robotics and industrial production, to tackle multifaceted challenges and seize opportunities to achieve AGI in the future.
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| 10. |
- Hu, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrothermal preparation of boehmite-doped AgCl nanocubes and their characterization
- 2011
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:11, s. 1531-1534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple hydrothermal route to the preparation of the boehmite-doped AgCl nanocubes using AgNO3,AlCl3 center dot 6H(2)O and NaOH at 200 degrees C for 24 h is reported. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), UV-vis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). FE-SEM and TEM micrographs showed that the obtained boehmite-doped AgCl had nanocube-like morphology. The influence of heating temperature on the phase, microstructure, morphology, and thermal stability of the products were also investigated. UV-visible results indicated that the absorption edge moved to higher wavelength with the increasing heating temperature. These materials would be a promising material for photocatalyst applications.
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| 11. |
- Huan, Yuxiang, et al.
(författare)
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A 101.4 GOPS/W Reconfigurable and Scalable Control-Centric Embedded Processor for Domain-Specific Applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part 1. - : IEEE. - 1549-8328 .- 1558-0806. ; 63:12, s. 2245-2256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adapting the processor to the target application is essential in the Internet-of-Things (IoT), and thus requires customizability in order to improve energy efficiency and scalability to provide sufficient performance. In this paper, a reconfigurable and scalable control-centric architecture is proposed, and a processor consisting of two cores and an on-chip multi-mode router is implemented. Reconfigurability is enabled by a programmable sequence mapping table (SMT) which reorganizes functional units in each cycle, thus increasing hardware utilization and reducing excessive data movement for high energy efficiency. The router facilitates both wormhole and circuit switching to construct intra- or inter-chip interconnections, providing scalable performance. Fabricated in a 65-nm process, the chip exhibits 101.4 GOPS/W energy efficiency with a die size of 3.5 mm(2). The processor carries out general-purpose processing with a code size 29% smaller than the ARM Cortex M4, and improves the performance of application-specific processing by over ten times when implementing AES and RSA using SMTs instead of general-purpose C. By utilizing the on-chip router, the processor can be interconnected up to 256 nodes, with a single link bandwidth of 1.4 Gbps.
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| 12. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrothermal fabrication, characterization, and biological activity of cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites
- 2012
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 88:1, s. 179-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bionanocomposites with the combination of natural polymers and inorganic nanoparticles may induce unique properties and exhibit promising functions for different applications. Herein, we report a hydrothermal route to the preparation of cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites using the cellulose solution. Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The urea also acts as the CO32- source for the synthesis of CaCO3. The influences of several reaction parameters, such as the heating time, the heating temperature, and the types of additives on the products were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis. The experimental results demonstrated that the hydrothermal conditions had an effect on the morphology of the bionanocomposites. Cytotoxicity experiments indicated that the cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites had good biocompatibility, so that the bionanocomposites could be ideal candidate for practical biomedical applications.
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| 13. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose-Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites in NaOH-Urea Aqueous Solution
- 2010
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Ingår i: Science of Advanced Materials. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1947-2935 .- 1947-2943. ; 2:2, s. 210-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanocomposites with CHA nanostructures dispersed in the cellulose matrix have been successfully synthesized using microcrystalline cellulose, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4 in NaOH-urea aqueous solution by hydrothermal method. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The effects of the hydrothermal heating time, the heating temperature, and cellulose concentration on the products were investigated. The XRD and FTIR results indicated that the obtained products were the cellulose CHA nanocomposites. The SEM micrographs showed the CHA particles were dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The TGA and DTA indicated the cellulose content in the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites decreased with the decreasing raw cellulose. The size of CHA in nanocomposites decreased with the increasing preparation temperature. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This type of cellulose/CHA nanocomposites would be expected to be useful as novel biomedical material.
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| 14. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites in NaOH-urea aqueous solution
- 2010
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 64:20, s. 2223-2225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the microwave-assisted synthesis of the cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanocomposites with CHA nanostructures dispersed in the cellulose matrix by using the cellulose solution, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The influences of the heating time and cellulose concentration on the products were also investigated. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) results indicated that the obtained products were the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the CHA nanostructures were dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The thermal stability of the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites in air was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). This method is simple, fast, low-cost and suitable for large-scale production of cellulose-based nanocomposites.
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| 15. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and characterization of cellulose-silica composite fiber in ethanol/water mixed solvents
- 2011
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Ingår i: BioResources. - 1930-2126. ; 6:2, s. 1186-1195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose-silica composite fiber samples have been successfully synthesized using cellulose solution, tetraethoxysilane, and NH3 center dot H2O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 24 h. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in a solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/lithium chloride (LiCl). The effect of the tetraethoxysilane concentration on the product was investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) solid state C-13-NMR. The morphology of the cellulose-silica composite fiber was investigated by SEM, while their composition was established from EDS measurements combined with the results of FT-IR spectral analysis and XRD patterns. The XRD, FT-IR and EDS results indicated that the obtained product was cellulose-silica composite fiber. The SEM micrographs showed that the silica particles were homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose fiber. The CP/MAS solid state C-13-NMR results indicated that the silica concentration had an influence on the crystallinity of the cellulose. This method is simple for preparation of cellulose-based composites.
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| 16. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 17. |
- Li, Shu-Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid microwave-assisted preparation and characterization of cellulose-silver nanocomposites
- 2011
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 83:2, s. 422-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple rapid and efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of cellulose-silver nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix using cellulose solution AgNO3 and ascorbic acid in N N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is reported The cellulose solution was prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in a solvent system of lithium chloride (LiCl)/DMAc The effects of the microwave heating times and ascorbic acid concentration on the nanocomposites were investigated The microstructure size morphology and thermal properties of these nanocomposites were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) thermogravimetric analysis (TG) differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The results revealed that the ascorbic acid concentration played an important role in the phase of the nanocomposites This work provided a promising way to prepare cellulose-silver nanocomposites with good dispersity.
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| 18. |
- Li, Shu-Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites in ethanol/water mixed solvents and their characterization
- 2010
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 80:1, s. 270-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites with calcium silicate nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix have been successfully synthesized using cellulose solution, Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 24 h. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of cellulose in a solvent system of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/lithium chloride (LiCl). The feeding order had an influence on the morphology of the cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites and the size of the calcium silicate particles. The cellulose in nanocomposites showed cellulose type II crystalline structure. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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| 19. |
- Liu, Jin-ming, et al.
(författare)
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Mid-term effects of lung volume reduction surgery on pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chinese Medical Journal. - 0366-6999. ; 120:8, s. 658-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Now lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) has become one of the most effective methods for the management of some cases of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the mid-term effects of LVRS on pulmonary function in patients with severe COPD. Methods Ten male patients with severe COPD aged 38-70 years underwent LVRS and their pulmonary function was assessed before, 3 months and 3 years after surgery. The spirometric and gas exchange parameters included residual volume, total lung capacity, inspiratory capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, diffusion capacity for CO, and arterial blood gas. A 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) test was performed. Results As to preoperative assessment, most spirometric parameters and 6MWD were significantly improved after 3 months and slightly 3 years after LVRS. Gas exchange parameters were significantly improved 3 months after surgery, but returned to the preoperative levels after 3 years. Conclusions LVRS may significantly improve pulmonary function in patients with severe COPD indicating for LVRS. Mid-term pulmonary function 3 years after surgery can be decreased to the level at 3 months after surgery. Three years after LVRS, lung volume and pulmonary ventilation function can be significantly improved, but the improvement in gas exchange function was not significant.
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| 20. |
- Liu, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of the safety threshold for allograft macrovesicular steatosis in cadaveric liver transplantation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-042X. ; 10:APR
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Currently, 30% macrovesicular steatosis (MaS) content is usually assigned empirically as the boundary between "use" and "refuse" a donor liver for liver transplantation (LT); however, this cut-off is questionable due to the lack of systemic evidence of the efficiency relative to prognosis prediction. Clinicians have tried to identify the threshold for optimized utilization of marginal steatotic allografts, but controversy exists among different studies. Aim: Our study aimed to systematically determine an acceptable donor MaS content cut-off without incurring extra risk in liver transplantation, using meta-analysis. Methods: The relevant literature reporting the relationship between MaS content and post-transplant mortality/morbidity was searched and retrieved in Pubmed, Embase, and ISI Web of Science. Results: Nine studies were enrolled into the final analysis. A categorical comparison revealed that patients who received allografts with moderate steatosis (MaS content >30%) had significantly higher risks of graft failure/dysfunction, but not of mortality. Dose-response analysis showed that donor MaS content affected the graft failure/dysfunction in a non-linear relationship. Risks associated with MaS content in terms of poorer outcomes were independent of other risk covariates for liver transplantation. A non-significant increase in risk of inferior post-transplant outcomes was observed in patients who received allografts with a MaS content <35%. The risks of post-transplant graft failure and dysfunction increased with severe donor MaS content infiltration, without a consistent relationship. Conclusions: The threshold of allograft MaS content can be safely extended to 35% without additional risk burden on post-transplant inferior outcomes. Clarification on "the effects of stratification" for MaS content can provide theoretical evidence for further optimal utilization of marginal steatotic allografts in liver transplantation.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Lu, Shen-ning, et al.
(författare)
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Application of an innovative grid-based surveillance strategy to ensure elimination and prevent reintroduction of malaria in high-risk border communities in China
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grid management is a grassroots governance strategy widely implemented in China since 2004 to improve the government's efficiency to actively find and solve problems among populated regions. A grid-based strategy surveillancing high-risk groups, including mobile and migrant populations (MMPs), in the China-Myanmar border region has played an indispensable role in promoting and consolidating the malaria elimination efforts by tracking and timely identification of potential importation or re-establishment of malaria among MMPs. A sequential mixed methods was implementated to explore the operational mechanism and best practices of the grid-based strategy including through the focus group discussions (FGDs), comparison of before and after the implementation of a grid-based strategy in the field sites, and data collection from the local health system.This paper distills the implementation mechanism and highlights the role of the grid-based strategy in the elimination and prevention of re-establishment of malaria transmission.
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| 23. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Fabrication and characterization of Ag/calcium silicate core-shell nanocomposites
- 2011
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:19-20, s. 3069-3071
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite with core-shell nanostructure has been successfully synthesized using Ag solution, Ca(NO(3))(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na(2)SiO(3)center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 48 h. Ag solution was previously prepared by microwave-assisted method in ethylene glycol (EG) at 150 degrees C for 10 min. The nanocomposites consisted of Ag core and an amorphous calcium silicate shell. The XRD and EDS results confirmed that the product was the Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite. The TEM micrographs indicated that the Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite was core-shell nanoparticles. The effects of Ca (NO(3))(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na(2)SiO(3)center dot 9H(2)O concentration on the shells of Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite were investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). This method is simple, fast and may be extended to the synthesis of the other kinds of core-shell nanocomposites.
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| 24. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Isolation and characterization of hemicelluloses extracted by hydrothermal pretreatment
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 114, s. 677-683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dewaxed sample from Triploid of Populus tomentosa Carr. was extracted by using organic alkaline solvent (Dimethylformamide, DMF) via hydrothermal pretreatment. Neutral sugar compositions and molecular weight analysis demonstrated that the hemicellulosic fractions with a higher Uro/Xyl ratio, namely the more branched hemicelluloses, had higher molecular weights. Interestingly, these results were different from the previous report, in which the ratio of Uro/Xyl in the water-soluble hemicellulosic fraction was more than that of the alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fraction. Spectroscopy (FUR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and HSQC) analysis indicated that the hemicellulosic fractions were mainly composed of (1 -> 4)-linked alpha-D-glucan from starch and (1 -> 4)-linked beta-D-xylan attached with minor amounts of branched sugars from hemicelluloses. In addition, thermal analysis implied that linear hemicelluloses showed more thermal stability than the branched ones during pyrolysis.
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| 25. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide : influence of synthesis conditions on their morphological behavior and thermal stability
- 2012
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Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 32:6, s. 1511-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using cellulose solution and Fe(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O at 180 degrees C. The cellulose solution was obtained by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH/urea aqueous solution, which is a good system to dissolve cellulose and favors the synthesis of iron oxide without needing any template or other reagents. The phases, microstructure, and morphologies of nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). The effects of the heating time, heating temperature, cellulose concentration, and ferric nitrate concentration on the morphological behavior of products were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the cellulose concentration played an important role in both the phase and shape of iron oxide in nanocomposites. Moreover, the nanocomposites synthesized by using different cellulose concentrations displayed different thermal stabilities.
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| 26. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of cellulose-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites in N,N-dimethylacetamide solvent
- 2010
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-6215 .- 1873-426X. ; 345:8, s. 1046-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preparation of nanocomposites was carried out using microcrystalline cellulose, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4 in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent by a microwave-assisted method at 150 degrees C. XRD results showed that the nanocomposites consisted of cellulose and hydroxyapatite (HA). The cellulose existed as a matrix in the nanocomposites. SEM and TEM analysis showed that HA nanorods were homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The effects of the microwave heating time on the products were investigated This method has advantages of being simple, rapid, low-cost, and environmentally friendly. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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| 27. |
- Nan, Jun-hu, et al.
(författare)
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Air-core characteristics in a swirling tunnel flow
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrodynamics. - : Springer Nature. - 1001-6058 .- 1000-4874 .- 1878-0342. ; 34:4, s. 634-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cost-effective technique to dissipate the energy in hydropower systems is the formation of a swirling flow within a tunnel. In such flows, an air core with a significant cross section usually occurs. To reveal the air-core features in the horizontal tunnel of a high-head shaft spillway, laboratory tests, numerical modeling, and prototype observations are performed, to examine issues such as the formation of the air core, the interjacent air motion, the air-carrying capacity, and the scale effects. It is shown that the shape of the air core varies greatly in the axial and radial directions along the tunnel and that the center of the core deviates from the axis of the tunnel. The motion of the air within the core is caused by the combined action of the water entrainment on the inner surface of the swirling flow and the axial pressure difference in the air core. The aeration process can be divided into five processes with respect to the changes of the gate openings. A theoretical expression is established for the air-carrying capacity of the swirling flow. The vacuum degree is the similarity condition of the air-carrying capacity of the swirling flow between the model and prototype tests based on the Froude law of the similitude, and this similarity condition is verified by both the model and prototype results. This work provides a reference for the application of the swirling flows in horizontal hydropower tunnels.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Sun, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Design guidelines for fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross flow
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Zhejiang University: Science A. - 1673-565X. ; 20:8, s. 577-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles is the main cause of vibration failure of heat exchangers. To establish more reasonable and reliable design guidelines for fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross flow, we investigated experimentally the effects of the flow conditions of the two-phase flow and the geometrical characteristics of the tube bundles on damping, vibration, and fluid-elastic instability. Moreover, we proposed recommended values of the instability constant based on the conductivity difference measurement (CDM) model and the classification of tube bundle arrangements. The reliability of these values was also verified. The results indicated that the damping ratio in the lift direction was smaller than that in the drag direction and fluid-elastic instability was more prone to occur. The order of stability of the four tube bundle arrangements from high to low was normal triangular, normal square, rotated square, and rotated triangular. Thus, to avoid fluid-elastic instability, the normal triangular tube bundle is recommended for large shell-and-tube heat exchangers subjected to two-phase cross flow. In addition, for normal square and normal triangular tube bundles, the recommended instability constant is 4.0. For rotated square and rotated triangular tube bundles, the recommended instability constant is 1.1 when the mass damping parameter is less than or equal to 0.54, otherwise the value is 1.5.
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| 31. |
- Wang, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Boride-derived oxygen-evolution catalysts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal borides/borates have been considered promising as oxygen evolution reaction catalysts; however, to date, there is a dearth of evidence of long-term stability at practical current densities. Here we report a phase composition modulation approach to fabricate effective borides/borates-based catalysts. We find that metal borides in-situ formed metal borates are responsible for their high activity. This knowledge prompts us to synthesize NiFe-Boride, and to use it as a templating precursor to form an active NiFe-Borate catalyst. This boride-derived oxide catalyzes oxygen evolution with an overpotential of 167 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte and requires a record-low overpotential of 460 mV to maintain water splitting performance for over 400 h at current density of 1 A/cm2. We couple the catalyst with CO reduction in an alkaline membrane electrode assembly electrolyser, reporting stable C2H4 electrosynthesis at current density 200 mA/cm2 for over 80 h.
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| 32. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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