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| 2. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(författare)
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Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
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Ingår i: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Flannick, Jason, et al.
(författare)
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Data Descriptor : Sequence data and association statistics from 12,940 type 2 diabetes cases and controls
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-4463. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to high resolution, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia catalogued variation from whole-genome sequencing of 2,657 European individuals and exome sequencing of 12,940 individuals of multiple ancestries. Over 27M SNPs, indels, and structural variants were identified, including 99% of low-frequency (minor allele frequency [MAF] 0.1-5%) non-coding variants in the whole-genome sequenced individuals and 99.7% of low-frequency coding variants in the whole-exome sequenced individuals. Each variant was tested for association with T2D in the sequenced individuals, and, to increase power, most were tested in larger numbers of individuals (> 80% of low-frequency coding variants in similar to ~82 K Europeans via the exome chip, and similar to ~90% of low-frequency non-coding variants in similar to ~44 K Europeans via genotype imputation). The variants, genotypes, and association statistics from these analyses provide the largest reference to date of human genetic information relevant to T2D, for use in activities such as T2D-focused genotype imputation, functional characterization of variants or genes, and other novel analyses to detect associations between sequence variation and T2D.
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| 10. |
- Fuchsberger, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 536:7614, s. 41-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of this disease. Here, to test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole-genome sequencing in 2,657 European individuals with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in 12,940 individuals from five ancestry groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded the sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
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| 11. |
- Manning, Alisa, et al.
(författare)
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A Low-Frequency Inactivating AKT2 Variant Enriched in the Finnish Population Is Associated With Fasting Insulin Levels and Type 2 Diabetes Risk
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : AMER DIABETES ASSOC. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 66:7, s. 2019-2032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify novel coding association signals and facilitate characterization of mechanisms influencing glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes risk, we analyzed 109,215 variants derived from exome array genotyping together with an additional 390,225 variants from exome sequence in up to 39,339 normoglycemic individuals from five ancestry groups. We identified a novel association between the coding variant (p.Pro50Thr) in AKT2 and fasting plasma insulin (FI), a gene in which rare fully penetrant mutations are causal for monogenic glycemic disorders. The low-frequency allele is associated with a 12% increase in FI levels. This variant is present at 1.1% frequency in Finns but virtually absent in individuals from other ancestries. Carriers of the FI-increasing allele had increased 2-h insulin values, decreased insulin sensitivity, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.05). In cellular studies, the AKT2-Thr50 protein exhibited a partial loss of function. We extend the allelic spectrum for coding variants in AKT2 associated with disorders of glucose homeostasis and demonstrate bidirectional effects of variants within the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT2.
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| 12. |
- Ng, Angie Qi Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Fouling behavior of protein in mixed solvent systems: A combined experimental and simulation study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Membrane Science. - 1873-3123 .- 0376-7388. ; 693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membrane fouling in organic solvent environments remains poorly explored despite its significance in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This study uses molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments to explore lysozyme fouling in water, as well as four organic solvent environments, namely, 30 % v/v and 50 % v/v isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and 30 % v/v and 50 % v/v dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Experimentally, flux declines were least with IPA and worst with DMSO. Biased simulations indicate the worst fouling in DMSO is tied to the most attractive lysozyme-membrane energy in the presence of DMSO. However, the relative attractive energies for IPA and water do not agree with the relative flux declines, indicating other factors are more influential when the interaction energies are similar. To understand the gentler flux decline for IPA despite the more attractive lysozyme-membrane energy, radial distribution functions (RDFs) were obtained from unbiased simulations. Analyss of the water and solvent films around both the membrane and the lysozyme molecule reveal that the denser water film around both entities induced by the presence of IPA serves as a barrier for fouling and thus leads to less flux decline. The results underscore the complexity of fouling in organic solvent systems, cautioning against direct use of the understanding based on aqueous systems.
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| 13. |
- Ng, Angie Qi Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding organic solvent permeation during nanofiltration via electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. - 1226-086X .- 2234-5957. ; 136, s. 603-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To better understand organic solvent nanofiltration mechanisms, Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy was used to analyze real-time changes in the membrane, which functions as a variable dielectric and exhibits changes in capacitance as the solvent permeates. The 350 kDa membranes were composed of polydimethylsiloxane active layers atop polyacrylonitrile supports, while the two solvents were ethanol and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Four key differences between the solvents are revealed. Firstly, the flux decline was greater for ethanol because the higher polarity promoted adsorption. Secondly, during filtration, the conductance decreased for ethanol but increased for IPA. Thirdly, increasing pressure increased the membrane thickness for ethanol but not for IPA. Fourthly, the permeation mechanisms vary between the two solvents at different pressures. At the lower initial flux, flux decrease was due to extensive adsorption for ethanol, but to the accumulation of IPA impeding permeation for IPA. For the higher initial flux, the gentler flux decline for ethanol was due to greater membrane swelling, whereas the steeper decline for IPA was due to the high driving force promoting permeation through the DP layer to the membrane substrate. The results here underscore the importance of membrane-solvent interactions in affecting OSN performance.
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| 14. |
- Xu, Q., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of high spin states in Cs-133
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 54:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High spin states in Cs-133 nucleus have been studied with the reaction Te-130 (Li-7, 4n) at a beam energy of 38 MeV. The level scheme has been expanded with spin up to 31/2 (h) over bar. Compared with a recent paper, ground state band and other two collective band structures at lower spin states have been confirmed. Another collective band structure at higher spin states as well as some levels and transitions are updated. Compared with the experimental data, large-scale shell model and tilted axis cranking model calculations have been carried out. The results show that the band-head configuration of yrast band based on 7/2(+) ground state and the side band built on the 5/2(+) state are a pair of pseudospin partner states with pi (f) over tilde 7/2,5/2. The negative parity band based on 1071.5 keV level originates from pi h(11/2) orbital. Another band built on 2642.9 keV level at high spin states has been proposed with oblate deformation. Other characteristics for these bands were also discussed.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Zhu, Ri Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetotransport properties of graphene layers decorated with colloid quantum dots
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1056. ; 28:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hybrid graphene-quantum dot devices can potentially be used to tailor the electronic, optical, and chemical properties of graphene. Here, the low temperature electronic transport properties of bilayer graphene decorated with PbS colloid quantum dots (CQDs) have been investigated in the weak or strong magnetic fields. The presence of the CQDs introduces additional scattering potentials that alter the magnetotransport properties of the graphene layers, leading to the observation of a new set of magnetoconductance oscillations near zero magnetic field as well as the high-field quantum Hall regime. The results bring about a new strategy for exploring the quantum interference effects in two-dimensional materials which are sensitive to the surrounding electrostatic environment, and open up a new gateway for exploring the graphene sensing with quantum interference effects.
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| 17. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Commissioning of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer with cosmic rays
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 875-916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider has collected several hundred million cosmic ray events during 2008 and 2009. These data were used to commission the Muon Spectrometer and to study the performance of the trigger and tracking chambers, their alignment, the detector control system, the data acquisition and the analysis programs. We present the performance in the relevant parameters that determine the quality of the muon measurement. We discuss the single element efficiency, resolution and noise rates, the calibration method of the detector response and of the alignment system, the track reconstruction efficiency and the momentum measurement. The results show that the detector is close to the design performance and that the Muon Spectrometer is ready to detect muons produced in high energy proton-proton collisions.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Readiness of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for LHC collisions
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:4, s. 1193-1236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Tile hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS detector has undergone extensive testing in the experimental hall since its installation in late 2005. The readout, control and calibration systems have been fully operational since 2007 and the detector has successfully collected data from the LHC single beams in 2008 and first collisions in 2009. This paper gives an overview of the Tile Calorimeter performance as measured using random triggers, calibration data, data from cosmic ray muons and single beam data. The detector operation status, noise characteristics and performance of the calibration systems are presented, as well as the validation of the timing and energy calibration carried out with minimum ionising cosmic ray muons data. The calibration systems' precision is well below the design value of 1%. The determination of the global energy scale was performed with an uncertainty of 4%.
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| 21. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 787-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data-taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and in-situ calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7.6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energy-loss calibration and transition radiation turn-on measurements have been performed. Different alignment techniques have been used to reconstruct the detector geometry. After the initial alignment, a transverse impact parameter resolution of 22.1 +/- 0.9 mu m and a relative momentum resolution sigma (p) /p=(4.83 +/- 0.16)x10(-4) GeV(-1)xp (T) have been measured for high momentum tracks.
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| 22. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 70:3, s. 823-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simulation software for the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is being used for large-scale production of events on the LHC Computing Grid. This simulation requires many components, from the generators that simulate particle collisions, through packages simulating the response of the various detectors and triggers. All of these components come together under the ATLAS simulation infrastructure. In this paper, that infrastructure is discussed, including that supporting the detector description, interfacing the event generation, and combining the GEANT4 simulation of the response of the individual detectors. Also described are the tools allowing the software validation, performance testing, and the validation of the simulated output against known physics processes.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Chen, Yulong, et al.
(författare)
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Hypercysteinemia promotes atherosclerosis by reducing protein S-nitrosylation.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1950-6007 .- 0753-3322. ; 70, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein S-nitrosylation plays important role in the regulation of cardiovascular functions in nitric oxide (NO) Pathway. Hypercysteinemia (HHcy) is an independently risk factor for atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that HHcy promotes atherosclerosis by reducing level of vascular protein S-nitrosylation. The aim of present study is to investigate effect of HHcy on vascular protein S-nitrosylation. A total of 45 male apoE-/- mice were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed a Western-type diet. The HHcy group was fed a diet containing 4.4% l-methionine, and the HHcy+NONOate group was fed a diet containing 4.4% l-methionine and administrated NONOate (ip). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were performed for in vitro experiment. Plasma lipids were measured every 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, aortic atherosclerotic lesion areas were detected as well as cellular components. The levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and NO were measured. S-nitrosylation was detected using immunofluorescence, and further confirmed by biotin switch method. We found that compared with the control group, Hcy levels, and atherosclerotic plaque, and content of vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages in lesions significantly increased, and levels of NO significantly decreased in the HHcy group. However, NONOate reverses this effect. In addition, Hcy significantly reduced protein S-nitrosylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This reduction of protein S-nitrosylation was accompanied by reduced levels of NO. Our results suggested that Hcy promoted atherosclerosis by inhibiting vascular protein S-nitrosylation.
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| 25. |
- Delios, A., et al.
(författare)
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Examining the generalizability of research findings from archival data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability-for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
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| 26. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
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| 27. |
- Do, Tan Manh
(författare)
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Excess pore water pressure generation in crushed and fine granular materials under cyclic traffic loads
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Excess pore water pressure can develop in subgrades of railway and pavement substructures due to cyclic loading from heavy traffic, leading to the migration of fine particles into upper layers. This migration can clog pores and diminish the drainage capacity of upper layers,negatively impacting the long-term performance of sub-structures and service life, ultimately risking failure. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind the accumulation of excess pore water pressures and the migration of fine particles under cyclic loading is essential for efficient and cost-effective maintenance methods. The main objectives of this research include (1) investigating excess pore water pressure generation in crushed and fine granular materials under cyclic loading, (2) evaluating the migration of these materials into upper layers under cyclic loading, and (3) simulating a practical application using an advanced model to provide valuable insights into the operation of structures subjected to cyclic traffic loads while considering real-world factors from the field.A series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted to investigate the generation of excess pore water pressure in fine granular materials. Two types of fine granular materials, tailings (a crushed material) and railway sand (a fine granular material) were selected for this investigation. The cyclic characteristics of these materials, including cyclic axial strain and excess pore water pressure, were evaluated in terms of number of cycles and applied cyclics tress ratios (CSR). As a result, the cyclic axial strain and excess pore water pressure were observed to accumulate over time due to cyclic loading. However, the extent of accumulation was found to be significantly dependent on CSR values and material types. In addition, a relationship between excess pore water pressure and cyclic axial strain of the fine granular materials was established and proposed based on the results from the undrained cyclic triaxial tests (including both tailings and railway sand samples).To assess the migration of fine granular materials into overlying layers under cyclic loading, a modified large-scale triaxial system was employed as a physical model test. A quantitative analysis of material migration was based on the mass percentage and grain size of migrated materials collected at the gravel layer. Additionally, cyclic responses (strain and excess pore water pressure) were evaluated. As a result, the total migration rate of the tailing sample was significantly higher than that of the railway sand sample. The migration analysis on tailings also revealed that finer tailings particles exhibited a greater tendency to migrate into the upper gravel layer compared to coarser tailings particles under cyclic loading. This migration could be attributed to significant increases in excess pore water pressure during the final cycles of the physical model test. The findings from this research could make a valuable contribution to the existing literature concerning the accumulation of excess pore water pressure and its effects on the migration of fine particles under cyclic loading.A numerical study was conducted to simulate the complex interactions between tailings materials and cyclic traffic loads on the piers of tailings dams. The integration of experimental data and advanced constitutive models enabled a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of tailings under these loading conditions. The findings focused on the build-up of excess pore water pressures in tailings subjected to cyclic traffic loads while taking into account the effects of truck loads, velocities, and truck resting times. As a result, excess pore water pressures in tailings progressively increased with the number of passing trucks, indicating a cumulative effect of loading cycles. In addition, the effect of truck loads and truck velocities on the excess pore pressure build-up was discovered, with higher truck loads and lower truck velocities leading to increased excess pore pressures, posing a greater risk. Furthermore, through anoptimization process involving variations in truck loads, velocities, and resting times, it was revealed that a combination of increased truck velocity, reduced truck load, and extended truck resting time could effectively minimize the build-up of excess pore water pressures in tailings beneath the pier. These findings offer valuable guidance for optimizing transportation operations on tailings dam piers, enhancing efficiency and safety.
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| 28. |
- Do, Tan Manh, et al.
(författare)
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Excess pore water pressure generation in fine granular materials under undrained cyclic triaxial loading
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geo-Engineering. - : Springer Nature. - 2198-2783. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the mechanism of excess pore water pressure generation in subgrades is essential for not only designing but also further maintenance purposes. The primary goal of this research was to investigate excess pore water pressure generation in fine granular materials under cyclic loading. A series of undrained cyclic triaxial tests were performed to study the excess pore water pressure generation in two selected fine granular materials: (1) railway sand and (2) tailings. The excess pore water pressure response of these materials was evaluated in terms of density conditions, number of cycles, and applied cyclic stress ratios (CSR). As a result, excess pore water pressure accumulated over time due to cyclic loading. However, its accumulation was significantly dependent on the governing factors, i.e., densities, CSR values, and material types. The excess pore water pressure exhibited a slight increase at low CSR values, but a sharp increase was observed at higher CSR values, which ultimately led to a failure state after a certain number of cycles. In addition, under the same loading conditions, the samples that had higher relative compaction showed better resistance to cyclic loads as compared to those with lower relative compaction. Finally, a relationship between excess pore water pressure and cyclic axial strain of the fine granular materials was discovered.
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| 29. |
- Do, Tan Manh, et al.
(författare)
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Migration of fine granular materials into overlying layers using a modified large-scale triaxial system
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Geomechanics and Engineering. - : Techno-Press. - 2005-307X .- 2092-6219. ; 37:4, s. 359-370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the migration of fine granular materials into overlying layers under cyclic loading using a modified large-scale triaxial system as a physical model test. Samples prepared for the modified large-scale triaxial system comprised a 60 mm thick gravel layer overlying a 120 mm thick subgrade layer, which could be either tailings or railway sand. A quantitative analysis of the migration of fine granular materials was based on the mass percentage and grain size of migrated materials collected in the gravel. In addition, the cyclic characteristics, i.e., accumulated axial strain and excess pore water pressure, were evaluated. As a result, the total migration rate of the railway sand sample was found to be small. However, the total migration rate of the sample containing tailings in the subgrade layer was much higher than that of the railway sand sample. In addition, the migration analysis revealed that finer tailings particles tended to be migrated into the upper gravel layer easier than coarser tailings particles under cyclic loading. This could be involved in significant increases in excess pore water pressure at the last cycles of the physical model test.
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| 30. |
- Do, Tan Manh, et al.
(författare)
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Tailings fluidization under cyclic triaxial loading – a laboratory study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Geomechanics and Engineering. - : Techno Press. - 2005-307X .- 2092-6219. ; 29:5, s. 497-508
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tailings fluidization (i.e., tailings behave as being fluidized) under cyclic loading is one concern during the construction of tailings dams, especially in the shallow tailings layers. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the responses of tailings under cyclic loadings and the tailings potential for fluidization. A series of cyclic triaxial undrained and drained tests were performed on medium and dense tailings samples under various cyclic stress ratios (CSR). The results indicated that axial strain and excess pore water pressure accumulated over time due to cyclic loading. However, the accumulations were dependent on CSR values, densities, and drainage conditions. The fluidization potential analysis in this study was then evaluated based on the obtained cyclic axial strain and excess pore water pressure. As a result, tailings samples were stable (unfluidized) under small CSR values, and the critical CSR values, where the tailings fluidized, varied depending on the density of tailings samples. Tailings fluidization is triggered as cyclic stress ratios reach critical values. In this study, the critical CSR values were found to be 0.15 and 0.40 for medium and dense samples, respectively.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Drakeford, Paul Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Acute Kidney Injury within an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Program for Colorectal Surgery
- 2022
-
Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 46:1, s. 19-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) within an ERAS program for colorectal surgery (CRS).METHODS: This is a retrospective case-control study conducted from March 2016 to September 2018 at a single tertiary hospital in Singapore. All adult patients requiring CRS within our ERAS program were considered eligible. Exclusions were stage 5 chronic kidney disease or patients requiring a synchronous liver resection. The primary outcome was AKI as defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. Secondary outcomes included mortality, major complications, and hospital length of stay. Patient, surgical, and anaesthesia-related data were analysed to determine factors associated with AKI.RESULTS: A total of 575 patients were eligible for the study. Twenty patients were excluded from the study leaving 555 patients for analysis. Mean age was 67.8 (SD 11.4) years. Seventy-four patients met the criteria for AKI (13.4%: stage 1-11.2%, stage 2-2.0%, stage 3-0.2%). One patient required renal replacement therapy (RRT). Patients with AKI had a longer length of stay (median [IQR], 11.0 [5.0-17.0] days vs 6.0 [4.0-8.0] days; P < .001), more major complications (OR, 6.55; 95% CI, 3.00-14.35, P < .001), and a trend towards higher mortality at one year (OR, 1.44; 95% CI 0.48-4.30; p = 0.511. After multivariable regression analysis, factors associated with AKI were preoperative creatinine (OR, 1.01 per 10 µmol/l; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22; P = 0.01), robotic surgery vs open surgery (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.06-0.39; P < 0.001), anaesthesia duration (OR, 1.38 per hour; 95% CI, 1.22-1.55; P < 0.001), and major complications (OR, 5.55; 95% CI, 2.63-11.70; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Within the present cohort, the implementation of an ERAS program for CRS was associated with a low prevalence of moderate to severe AKI despite a balanced intravenous fluid regimen. Patients having open surgery, longer procedures, and major complications are at increased risk of AKI.
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| 34. |
- Ekström, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale shear box tests to determine rockfill parameters
- 2016
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Ingår i: Association of State Dam Safety Officials Annual Conference 2016. - Lexington, Kentucky : Association of State Dam Safety Officials. - 9781510830752 ; , s. 828-845
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 160 (525 ft) m high asphalt concrete core rockfill dam is developed in an area of very high seismicity in Cetin, Turkey. Topographical constraints of the dam footprint impose a steep outer geometry of the dam, requiring the geotechnical properties of the rockfill to comply with certain minimum limits. Test blasting in a potential quarry and rockfill rolling compaction trials suggest that the tested gneiss/schist rock material to a large extent is weathered and weak. The friction angle of the rockfill is a decisive parameter for both the static and dynamic stability of the dam slopes and especially for the deformation of the dam crest due to strong earthquakes. The suggested rock fill material has therefore undergone detailed testing. To this end, large-scale shear tests with a 1000 mm diameter sample cylinder have been carried out at the Luleå Technical University in Sweden.
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| 35. |
- Fan, Xinfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Tibetan Plateau Runoff and Evapotranspiration Dataset by an observation-constrained cryosphere-hydrology model
- 2024
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Ingår i: SCIENTIFIC DATA. - 2052-4463. ; 11:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Runoff and evapotranspiration (ET) are pivotal constituents of the water, energy, and carbon cycles. This research presents a 5-km monthly gridded runoff and ET dataset for 1998-2017, encompassing seven headwaters of Tibetan Plateau rivers (Yellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Ganges, and Indus) (hereinafter TPRED). The dataset was generated using the advanced cryosphere-hydrology model WEB-DHM, yielding a Nash coefficient ranging from 0.77 to 0.93 when compared to the observed discharges. The findings indicate that TPRED's monthly runoff notably outperforms existing datasets in capturing hydrological patterns, as evidenced by robust metrics such as the correlation coefficient (CC) (0.944-0.995), Bias (-0.68-0.53), and Root Mean Square Error (5.50-15.59 mm). Additionally, TPRED's monthly ET estimates closely align with expected seasonal fluctuations, as reflected by a CC ranging from 0.94 to 0.98 when contrasted with alternative ET products. Furthermore, TPRED's annual values exhibit commendable concordance with operational products across multiple dimensions. Ultimately, the TPRED will have great application on hydrometeorology, carbon transport, water management, hydrological modeling, and sustainable development of water resources.
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| 36. |
- Fang, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Functional characterization of a multi-cancer risk locus on chr5p15.33 reveals regulation of TERT by ZNF148
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped multiple independent cancer susceptibility loci to chr5p15.33. Here, we show that fine-mapping of pancreatic and testicular cancer GWAS within one of these loci (Region 2 in CLPTM1L) focuses the signal to nine highly correlated SNPs. Of these, rs36115365-C associated with increased pancreatic and testicular but decreased lung cancer and melanoma risk, and exhibited preferred protein-binding and enhanced regulatory activity. Transcriptional gene silencing of this regulatory element repressed TERT expression in an allele-specific manner. Proteomic analysis identifies allele-preferred binding of Zinc finger protein 148 (ZNF148) to rs36115365-C, further supported by binding of purified recombinant ZNF148. Knockdown of ZNF148 results in reduced TERT expression, telomerase activity and telomere length. Our results indicate that the association with chr5p15.33-Region 2 may be explained by rs36115365, a variant influencing TERT expression via ZNF148 in a manner consistent with elevated TERT in carriers of the C allele.
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| 37. |
- Gu, Hongchang, et al.
(författare)
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Inheritance patterns of the transcriptome in hybrid chickens and their parents revealed by expression analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although many phenotypic traits of chickens have been well documented, the genetic patterns of gene expression levels in chickens remain to be determined. In the present study, we crossed two chicken breeds, White Leghorn (WL) and Cornish (Cor), which have been selected for egg and meat production, respectively, for a few hundred years. We evaluated transcriptome abundance in the brain, muscle, and liver from the day-old progenies of pure-bred WL and Cor, and the hybrids of these two breeds, by RNA-Seq in order to determine the inheritance patterns of gene expression. Comparison among expression levels in the different groups revealed that most of the genes showed conserved expression patterns in all three examined tissues and that brain had the highest number of conserved genes, which indicates that conserved genes are predominantly important compared to others. On the basis of allelic expression analysis, in addition to the conserved genes, we identified the extensive presence of additive, dominant (Cor dominant and WL dominant), over-dominant, and under-dominant genes in all three tissues in hybrids. Our study is the first to provide an overview of inheritance patterns of the transcriptome in layers and broilers, and we also provide insights into the genetics of chickens at the gene expression level.
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| 38. |
- Gu, Yeqing, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of ultraprocessed food and development of chronic kidney disease : the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health and UK Biobank Cohort Studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 1938-3207 .- 0002-9165. ; 117:2, s. 373-382
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMany ultraprocessed food (UPF)-derived by-products may play a role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although several studies have assessed the association of UPFs with kidney function decline or CKD in various countries, no evidence has been shown in China and the United Kingdom.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and risk of CKD in 2 large cohort studies from China and the United Kingdom.MethodsIn total, 23,775 and 102,332 participants without baseline CKD were enrolled in the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) and UK Biobank cohort studies, respectively. Information on UPF consumption was obtained from a validated food frequency questionnaire in the TCLSIH and 24-h dietary recalls in the UK Biobank cohort. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 4.0 and 10.1 y, the incidence rates of CKD were around 1.1% and 1.7% in the TCLSIH and UK Biobank cohorts, respectively. The multivariable hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of CKD across increasing quartiles (quartiles 1–4) of UPF consumption were 1 (reference), 1.24 (0.89, 1.72), 1.30 (0.91, 1.87), and 1.58 (1.07, 2.34) (P for trend = 0.02) in the TCLSIH cohort and 1 (reference), 1.14 (1.00, 1.31), 1.16 (1.01, 1.33), and 1.25 (1.09, 1.43) (P for trend < 0.01) in the UK Biobank cohort, respectively.ConclusionsOur finding indicated that higher UPF consumption is associated with a higher risk of CKD. Moreover, restricting UPF consumption may potentially benefit the prevention of CKD. Further clinical trials are required to clarify the causality.
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| 39. |
- Gunnvard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a test setup for piled embankment modelling
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICPMG 2022: Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. - : Korean Geotechnical Society (KGS). ; , s. 225-228
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper outlines the design and development of a trapdoor test setup used to simulate the effect of a geosynthetic reinforcement on the load distribution in a timber piled embankment. Geosynthetic-reinforced pilesupported embankment (GRPSE) is a common foundation method for both roads and railways on soft subsoil. Timber piling allows for a solution with lower carbon footprint than concrete or steel piling. The removal of concrete pile caps further reduces the footprint but increases the requirements of the geosynthetic reinforcement. The purpose of the trapdoor test setup is to find the best suited number, placement, stiffness, and strength of the layers of geosynthetic reinforcement for different embankment heights and pile spacings. The tested embankment model consists of a vertical cross section of the embankment between two adjacent piles, assuming plane strain. The test is performed under Earth’s gravity. A hydraulically controlled trapdoor mechanism in between the two pile heads acts as the deformed subsoil. The trapdoor is composed of several segments to model a non-horizontal top surface of the displaced subsoil. Displacements are captured using optical measurement techniques to confirm and study the arch formation. The arching efficacy is quantified by pressure cells on each of the two pile heads. Though the primary application is timber piled embankments, the test results can be extrapolated to GRPSE designs in general.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Gunnvard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of a timber pile-supported road embankment
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields. - London : CRC Press. - 9781032120492 - 9781003222897 ; , s. 337-347
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Timber piling allows for a solution with lower carbon footprint than concrete or steel piling, yet there exist few well-documented cases of modern timber piled embankments. In this paper, field measurements on a geosynthetic-reinforced timber pile-supported road embankment are reported and evaluated. The monitored road embankment is a section of a newly reconstructed semi-motorway in northern Sweden. The embankment was constructed on 8 m long untreated timber piles with 1.1 m spacing in a triangular pattern, without pile caps. On top of that, a 1.7 m high embankment was constructed, reinforced by two layers of biaxial geogrids. A long-term monitoring program is being carried out from when the semi-motorway was reconstructed. This study presents results from the first year of monitoring. The measurements include the load on the pile heads and subsoil, geogrid strain, pore water pressures, and settlements. The measurements show the development of arching over time, the interlocking of geogrid and embankment material, the subsoil consolidation, etc. The results of the monitoring are compared with results of analytical models from recommendations and codes.
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| 42. |
- Gunnvard, Per
(författare)
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Timber Pile-Supported Embankments : Arching and Reinforcement
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Reduced climate impact is a worldwide strive today. The foundation engineering industry is continuously searching for more sustainable solutions to reduce resource usage and pollutions directly or indirectly. One such solution is timber piling, as an alternative to the commonly used concrete and steel piles. Geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported embankment (GRPSE) is a common foundation method for settlement reduction of both roads and railways on soft subsoil. Pile-supported embankments rely on arch formation within the embankment material, which transfers the traffic and embankment load onto the piles. Reinforcing of the embankment with geosynthetics further increases this load transfer, whilst also stabilising the formed arches. Substituting concrete and steel piles with timber piles allows for a GRPSE solution with lower carbon footprint, especially if the timber piles are untreated and the (concrete) pile caps are excluded. The lower strength of timber piles and exclusion of pile caps require narrower pile spacing and/or more extensive geosynthetic reinforcement to maintain a stable arch formation in the embankment. Unstable arches can cause unwanted differential settlements in the upper structure of the embankment. Although timber piling is being practiced in countries like United States, Canada, Australia, and the Netherlands, only Sweden has a dedicated code for GRPSE using untreated timber piles. However, the Swedish code is deliberately conservative with narrow required pile spacing and two layers of GR. The aim of the thesis is to improve the resource efficiency and sustainability of geosynthetic-reinforced timber pile-supported embankments, by optimizing the required number of piles and amount of geosynthetic reinforcement (GR) based on the Swedish code.First, a numerical study was performed to evaluate the Swedish code with a focus on the pile group. The code states that the timber piles should be installed with a centre-to-centre distance of 0.8–1.2 m in a triangular arrangement instead of the more common square arrangement. Finite element (FE) modelling setups—with square and triangular pile arrangements with varying centre-to-centre distance—were used based on a geosynthetic-reinforced timber pile-supported road embankment to evaluate the design criteria. As part of the evaluation, a state-of-the-art study was done on international design guidelines and analytical models. From the FE simulations, no evident difference of mechanical behaviour is found between the triangular and the square piling pattern. The maximum allowed centre-to-centre distance between timber piles can be increased from 1.2 to 1.4 m, decreasing the number of timber piles by as much as one-third.Second, a field study was carried out. A reconstructed road embankment with geosynthetic reinforcement and timber pile support was instrumented in 2020, and the first two years of post-construction data was analysed. Monitoring of the embankment included settlements, pile deflection, pore water pressure, load on piles and subsoil, and strains in the GR. Only small strains were observed in the GR because of minor GR deflections. Partial arch formation was found from the measured load distribution, as less than half of the total load of embankment and traffic was carried by the piles. The pile loads increased in winter as the frost front penetrated the embankment and stiffened the embankment fill. The field study data provides a detailed reference for this thesis and further research on timber pile-supported embankments.Third, a numerical study was performed on the effect of geosynthetic reinforcement in timber-piled embankments. Three different cases were studied: two layers of GR (“beam” theory load transfer), one layer of GR (“catenary” load transfer) and unreinforced. The hypothesis is that there exists a range of embankment heights and centre-to-centre pile spacings for which one of the cases is preferrable to the other two in terms of resource efficiency. FE simulations, calibrated using the data from the field, were performed of the three cases with varying pile centre-to-centre spacing, embankment height and subsoil material. Based on the results of the FE simulations and literature on arch formation, limits for the three cases are suggested as a guideline for stable arch formation in timber-piled embankments. The limits allow for a more object-specific design than the Swedish code, improving the resource efficiency both in terms of required number of piles and amount of GR.Based on the findings from the three sections presented in this thesis, recommendations are given on timber pile-supported embankments. The recommendations are based on theoretical calculations and field test data. As an outlook, the thesis outlines the design of a physical laboratory test setup to verify the theoretical results and establish implementable recommendations. Though the primary application of timber pile-supported embankments, the physical test results can be extrapolated to pile-supported designs in general.
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| 43. |
- Guo, Lijie, et al.
(författare)
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Industrial practice on optimizing tailings composition combined with ore concentration processes
- 2017
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Ingår i: 12th International Conference on Mining with Backfill 2017, Minefill 2017. - Englewood, CO : Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration. - 9781510835818 ; , s. 69-79
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is increasingly applied in underground mines world-wide and has a broad prospect considering its benefits in environmental protection and ground control. During the paste production, a well-graded aggregate is critical for the achievement of CPB. Mine tailings from the outcome of ore-dressing plant are commonly used as the fill aggregate. However, it is difficult to obtain an ideal particle size distribution for the mine tailings which are roughly mixed with final residuum in ore concentration processes. In this study, a novel industrial method is proposed to select fill aggregates from different parts of ore-dressing processes. With combined design of concentration plant and backfill plant, the tailings with desired particle sizes and proportions during the mineral processing are chosen to produce CPB without disturbing the regular ore concentration. The problem of passively accepting final tailings from ore-dressing plant has been improved
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| 44. |
- Han, Hedong, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-response relationship between dietary magnesium intake, serum magnesium concentration and risk of hypertension : a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2891. ; 16
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The findings of prospective cohort studies are inconsistent regarding the association between dietary magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentration and the risk of hypertension. We aimed to review the evidence from prospective cohort studies and perform a dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentrations and the risk of hypertension.Methods: We searched systematically PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases from October 1951 through June 2016. Prospective cohort studies reporting effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension in more than two categories of dietary magnesium intake and/or serum magnesium concentrations were included. Random-effects models were used to combine the estimated effects.Results: Nine articles (six on dietary magnesium intake, two on serum magnesium concentration and one on both) of ten cohort studies, including 20,119 cases of hypertension and 180,566 participates, were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. We found an inverse association between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension [relative risk (RR) = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98] comparing the highest intake group with the lowest. A 100 mg/day increment in magnesium intake was associated with a 5% reduction in the risk of hypertension (RR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00). The association of serum magnesium concentration with the risk of hypertension was marginally significant (RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.02).Conclusions: Current evidence supports the inverse dose-response relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of hypertension. However, the evidence about the relationship between serum magnesium concentration and hypertension is limited.
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| 45. |
- Huang, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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The one dimensional model for coarse particle around mining area in northern Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering Research. - 2231-8844. ; 2:2, s. 126-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computational model had been established to predict the coarse dust transport rate within the Malmberget mining area in northern Sweden. Matlab GUI designing had been introduced to enhance the computation process. Certain modification methods were developed in order to improve the accuracy of the model. Dust retention time was calculated to estimate the dust transport in the suspension form. Field calibration proves the code works fairly well for the coarse dust in the research area.
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| 46. |
- Huang, Yi, et al.
(författare)
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The simulation of the dust grain movement by sediment transport model around mining area in northern Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering. - : Scienpress Ltd. - 1792-9040 .- 1792-9660. ; 2:2, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple sediment transport model has been utilized to simulate the dust grain movement in the area flow. The transport model can be used as a tool to estimate the dust grain transport situation in a mining area with consideration of the local topographical profile. The case study of the local dust characteristics survey proves the model works fairly well compared to the field calibration.
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| 47. |
- Jia, L. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Generalized-seniority pattern and thermal properties in even Sn isotopes
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 94:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even tin isotopes of mass number A = 108-124 are calculated with realistic interactions in the generalized-seniority approximation of the nuclear shell model. For each nucleus, we compute the lowest 10 000 states (5000 of each parity) up to around 8 MeV in excitation energy, by allowing as many as four broken pairs. The lowest 50 eigen energies of each parity are compared with the exact results of the large-scale shell-model calculation. The wave functions of the midshell nuclei show a clear pattern of the stepwise breakup of condensed coherent pairs with increasing excitation energy. We also compute in the canonical ensemble the thermal properties-level density, entropy, and specific heat-in relation to the thermal pairing phase transition.
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| 48. |
- Jia, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Direct Simple Shear Tests on Swedish Tailings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of China-Europe Conference on Geotechnical Engineering. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319971117 - 9783319971124 ; , s. 538-541
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tailings is a waste stream produced by mining industry. It is often stored on the surface in a retaining structure, called tailing impoundment surrounded by tailing dams. Strength property of tailings is important for safety of tailings dam construction. In this study, direct simple shear tests were performed on two Swedish tailings from Malmberget mine and Svappaavare mine in Northern Sweden. The apparatus used is NGI direct simple shear apparatus. The estimated maximal friction angle from shear tests ranged from 15.9 to 24.3°, with cohesions from 0‐16.3 kPa. One phenomenon noticed was that for tailings the sample height started decrease after dilatancy. In order to know whether this is a material property, or it is due to the defect of the simple shear apparatus, a series of shear tests were done on Kalix sand. The result showed that this phenomenon happened also to the densely compacted sand, though more rarely. The decreased sample height after reaching the peak values is assumed to be related to both particle breakage and the deficiency of the shear apparatus.
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| 49. |
- Jia, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Dust emission from unpaved roads in Luleå, Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering. - : Scienpress Ltd. - 1792-9040 .- 1792-9660. ; 3:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dust emission from unpaved roads, if not controlled, can cause enormous problems. Though a few real-world measurements of road dust have been done by automated samplers in Sweden, measurement by BSNE (Big Spring Number Eight) and the estimation of total dust generation from vehicle driving is rare. This study measured and analyzed dust emission by BSNE at two unpaved roads in Luleå, Sweden, at the driving speed of 20, 30, 40, and 50 km/h different heights. Even though US EPA excluded vehicle speed as a parameter in estimating dust emission factors for unpaved roads, this study confirmed a strong dependence of dust emission on vehicle speed. This is in agreement with several recent studies which concluded dust emission increases with driving speed exponentially or linearly, however the power law is the best description for the data from this study. The comparison with estimated dust emission by US EPA’s equation showed the equation underestimates the dust emission more than 50 percent when vehicle speed and silt content is higher than 25.40km/h and 2.17 percent respectively. There might be some interrelationship between driving speed and silt content in road surface.Earlier researchers have reported increased dust emission with increasing silt content and this is confirmed by this study.
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| 50. |
- Jia, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Dust Emissions from Landfill Deposition: A Case Study in Malmberget Mine,Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering. - : Scienpress Ltd. - 1792-9040 .- 1792-9660. ; 3:3, s. 25-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A great amount of industrial wastes are produced in Sweden every year. In 2008 there were 97.9 million tons of wasted generated, among which 93 million tons industrial waste were produced. 64.1% of industrial wastes were deposited in the landfill sites. Dust generation is one of the most important problems associated with industrial waste and landfills. The particulate dust emissions come from the industrial waste may contain heavy metal and produce environmental problems and potential health risks. Active and passive samplers, deposition pans are common equipment to collect dust samples. Real-time monitors use laser diffraction to recording continuous dust concentration. Dust emission from Malmberget mine in Sweden was analyzed as a case study. Dust was collected by NILU deposit gauge from 26 stations. Generally speaking the amount of dust fallout was decreasing with time because of implemented dust control methods. During the period August 2009 to August 2010, among all the measuring stations through the year, the maximum and the minimum value were 1284 g/100m2/30d and 9 g/100m2/30d. Two sources of dust generation were identified. The first was located close to the open pit, and the second near the current mining industrial center. The dust generation due to road construction was calculated.
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