| 1. |
- Algurén, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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Idéburna innovationer – En testbädd för personcentrerad vård och omsorg
- 2014
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Ingår i: Almedalsveckan.
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Välfärdens utmaningar måste bemötas med innovativa och förebyggande arbetssätt och en helt ny användning av teknik. Men hur skapar man innovationer i vårdens och omsorgens vardag? Hur kan man se det friska i människan och hur kan medarbetare, patienter/brukare och närstående tillsammans hitta nya arbetssätt som gör vården och omsorgen bättre? Bräcke diakoni driver tillsammans med Famna, Jönköping Academy och Alkit Communication AB Famnas testbädd för en personcentrerad vård och omsorg. I den bygger man ett stöd för idéburna vård- och omsorgsgivare för att utveckla nya idéer till spridningsbara innovationer med fokus på de vi finns till för. I ett första test på Bräcke diakoni skapar man möjligheter att möta den enskildes behov och önskemål. Arbetet utgår från en strukturerad dokumentation och uppföljning som med hjälp av ICF och nya IT-stöd följer den enskildes väg genom vården och omsorgen. Möt Famnas testbädd, Vinnova och Äldreutredningen för att diskutera framtidens vård och omsorg.
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| 2. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1968-
(författare)
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Optics of coated paperboard : Aspects of surface treatment on porous structures
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Calendering of coated and uncoated paper is widely used to enhance optical properties such as gloss and print quality. The aim of this thesis is to characterize coatings and prints, and to validate models using experimental results from optical measurements of physical samples. Calendering of coated paper often leads to a brightness decrease. The mechanism for this is not altogether clear. One common explanation is that the porosity of the coating layer decreases and hence the scattering decreases. By comparing simulated and measured results it was shown that modifications of the surface properties account for the brightness decrease of ground calcium carbonate coated substrates with calendering. Monte Carlo light scattering simulations, taking into account the measured decrease of surface microroughness and increased effective refractive index, showed that surface modifications accounted for most of the observed brightness decrease of the ground calcium carbonate coated substrate, whereas the bulk scattering and absorption coefficients were not affected by calendering. It was also shown that the scattering coefficient is significantly dependent on the coat weight whereas the physical absorption coefficient is not. The penetration of ink in the z-direction of a substrate influences the quality of the print. The ink penetration affects print density, mottling and dot gain, common print effects that influence the preference of consumers. The pressure in the printing nip and the porosity of the substrate both affect the amount of ink that is pressed into the porous structure of a coating layer during printing. By printing pilot coated paperboard with different coating porosity and measuring the resulting optical properties of the prints, a basis for simulations of the different layers, that is to say the coating, the print and the mixed layer in between, was created. Results show that ink distribution is strongly affected by the roughness of the substrate. Fibres and fibre flocks underneath the two coating layers created an unevenly distributed coating thickness that affected the print quality. Differences in pore size and pore size distribution also affected the behaviour of the ink. A coating layer of broad pigment particle size distribution resulted in a relatively low print density, in comparison to coatings of narrowly distributed particle sizes. Comparison of dot gain showed that the coating layer of a narrow particle size distribution had a relatively low dot gain compared to others. In this work, these results are explained by the differences in ink distributions on and in the coating layers.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hansson, L-A, et al.
(författare)
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A synthesis of animal movement across scales
- 2014
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Ingår i: Animal Movement Across Scales. - : Oxford University Press. - 9780199677184 ; , s. 259-267
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter aims at synthesizing the knowledge presented in the chapters of the book’s three sections by addressing evolutionary compromises, dispersal, gene flow, and assisted movements. How climate change and other environmental changes at different scales may affect animal movement, migration, and dispersal in the future are also summarized here. Moreover, how the different senses are utilized for navigation and orientation and how these may lead to different movement and migration patterns are also discussed. Finally, how the recent technical revolution has affected animal movement research is addressed and the view on future perspectives of animal movement research is also provided.
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| 5. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomic Evaluation of Two Different Locations of the Scales in a Supermarket Checkout System
- 1993
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Ingår i: Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety V. ; , s. 667-674
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this pilot study was to ergonomically evaluate the effect of the location of the scales in a supermarket checkout system. A location of the scales to the left of the cashier was compared with a location under the conveyor belt. Two cashiers were videotaped while working with the two scale locations, in both sitting and standing working postures. Analysis of the video tapes was performed using the WOPALAS method, the VIRA method, and by noting certain positions of the left arm. The left wrist movements were registered by a two-dimensional goniometer. The results indicate that the location under the conveyor belt is somewhat more ergonomically favourable. The improvement is more pronounced for the cashier with a greater reach.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Ann-Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Dentists and eating disorders - knowledge, attitudes, management and experience
- 2009
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 33:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of the present study were to explore the level of knowledge and attitudes among dentists in relation to patients with eating disorders (ED) and evaluate the extent to which patients with ED are identified and/or treated in the dental setting. A postal questionnaire was constructed and sent to all dentists (n=367) in two Swedish counties during November 200S. The questionnaire comprised 29 questions or statements in the following categories: demographics, general knowledge of ED and its oral consequences, experience of and attitudes towards patients with ED and interaction within the health care system,for example, referrals and treatment options regarding this patient group. The response rate was 70% (n=258). Perceived knowledge about ED was most commonly obtained from media sources, namely newspapers, television, etc. Few dentists knew that there existed specialized referral units for ED patients in their county. The majority of dentists stated that they had seen only a few such patients during their practice. Even though the perceived level of general knowledge about ED among female dentists appeared to be better than among male dentists,they also found it more difficult to inform the patient/relatives about their suspicion of the condition. Female dentists referred to specialists significantly more frequently than did males. Eighty-six percent of responders reported that they needed more training in dental management of patients with ED. Knowledge and clinical experience of dentists as regards patients with ED were found to be low. The level of education in this area needs to be improved, which would have the potential to encourage dentists to become more involved in secondary and tertiary prevention and management of ED.
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Ann-Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Eating disorders : knowledge, attitudes, management and clinical experience of Norwegian dentists
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6831. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge, attitudes and clinical experience with regard to patients with eating disorders (ED) among Norwegian dentists. Methods: In 2010, a questionnaire was sent to all dentists in Norway (N = 4282) comprising 33 questions related to demographics of the participating dentists, their knowledge of ED (general and oral health aspects), clinical experience, attitudes and perceived management preferences. Results: The participation rate was 40 % (47 % women and 53 % men). Their knowledge about ED was often retrieved from common media sources and the greater part of the participants reported they had seen very few patients with ED during their professional career. Female dentists reported superior knowledge about ED compared to males, but the former experienced greater difficulties to inform about the condition. Referrals of the patient to other health facilities were significantly more common among female compared to male dentists. The majority of dentists (76 %) reported a need of more education related to ED management. Conclusions: The Norwegian dentists in this study reported limited clinical experience and insufficient knowledge regarding ED. There is therefore a need to increase both undergraduate and continuing education in this field, which can improve preventive and management measures that a dentist can provide for ED patients.
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| 13. |
- Johansson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Svavel- och kvävenedfalletöver Stockholms län
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten presenterar resultat från spridningsberäkningar och mätningar av svavel- ochkvävenedfallet för perioden oktober 1994 — september 1995 (ett hydrologiskt år). Förberäkningarna används spridningsmodeller som utvecklats speciellt för Stockholms länoch som ingår i miljöövervakningssystemet som drivs av Luftvårdsförbundet i Stockholmslän.Modellberäkningarna ger halter av svaveldioxid och kväveoxider för varje timme med4x4 kilometers upplösning i hela länet. Torr- och våtdepositionen har summerats tillmånadsvärden. För beräkningarna används en detaljerad emissionsdatabas samt resultatenfrån ett stort antal mätningar av meteorologi, deposition, krondropp och föroreningshaltersom genomförts inom ramen för Luftvårdsförbundets och Länsstyrelsensregionala miljöövervakning. Beräkningarna jämförs med mätningar.Våtdepositionen av svavel och kväve är till största delen beroende av nederbördens geografiskafördelning, som varierar kraftigt p g a lokala klimatförhållanden. I genomsnittsyns två områden med förhållandevis hög nederbörd — inre delarna av Södertörn ochnorra delarna av Norrtälje kommun. I dessa områden är nederbördsmängden nästandubbelt så stor som över de yttre delarna av skärgården, där de minsta mängderna förekommer.Som mest noteras drygt 900 mm nederbörd för det hydrologiska året 1994/95.Detta är ca. 30% högre än de genomsnittligt högsta värdena för 10 år (1984 — 1993).Den relativa geografiska fördelningen av årsnederbörden 1994/95 skiljer sig inte väsentligtfrån den genomsnittliga fördelningen under de senaste 10 åren.Den högsta våtdepositionen av svavel sker över Södertörn med drygt 6 kg S/ha/år. I yttreskärgården ligger värdena på omkring 3 till 4 kg/ha/år. För kväve är motsvarande siffrordrygt 7 kg N/ha/år respektive 4 kg N/ha/år. Den geografiska fördelningen av torrdepositionenbestäms i hög grad av var utsläppen sker. Beräkningarna visar på mycket skarpagradienter med den högsta torrdepositionen i Stockholmsregionen och lägre värden utmot landsbygden och skärgården. Högsta torrdepositionen av svavel och kväve beräknasuppgå till 5 kg S/ha/år respektive 7 kg N/ha/år, vilket är drygt hälften av den totala depositionen.Som mest uppgår den totala depositionen (summan av våt- och torrdepositionen) avsvavel och kväve till drygt 9 kg S/ha/år respektive 12 kg N/ha/år. Det lägsta nedfallet,som sker över landsbygdsområden och skärgården, är på knappt hälften av de högstavärdena. I hela länet överskrids de undre kritiska belastningsgränserna för både svaveloch kväve.Bidragen till nedfallet från utsläpp av kväve och svavel i Stockholms län har beräknatsmed hjälp av spridningsmodellen. För kväve kan drygt 50% av den totala depositionen iStorstockholm härledas till utsläppen i länet. För svavel är motsvarande siffra 30% —40%.- 5 -Utanför tätortsområdena har utsläppen inom länet endast liten betydelse för den totaladepositionen. Här står intransporterade svavel- och kväveföreningar för huvuddelen.Mätningarna visar att halterna i luften som transporteras in är jämnt fördelade över länet.De geografiska variationerna i depositionen över landsbygden och skärgården ärdärför dels beroende av nederbördens fördelning, som bestämmer variationen i våtdeposition,dels markanvändningen, som påverkar variationen i torrdeposition.Det enda säkra sättet att bedöma noggrannheten i beräkningarna är att så långt det gårjämföra beräknade halter, deposition och nederbörd med uppmätta värden (i vissapunkter). För nederbörden erhålls en god beskrivning på de flesta platserna. I genomsnittför 12 mätstationer är beräknad årsnederbörd inom 2% av uppmätt värde. Under sommarenkan dock avvikelserna bli stora p g a mycket stora variationer i nederbördsmängdernaför olika platser i länet.När det gäller kväveoxidhalter (NOx och NO2) erhålls en god överensstämmelse mellanberäkningar och mätningar i Stockholms innerstad. Beräknade månadsmedelvärden liggerför de flesta månaderna inom 20% av uppmätta värden. För svaveldioxidhalterna(SO2) är skillnaden större speciellt för sommarmånaderna då halterna är mycket låga.Beräknat totalt nedfall av svavel stämmer relativt väl med krondroppsmätningarna. Beräknattotalt nedfall av kväve kan däremot inte jämföras med kvävenedfallet i krondropp,eftersom träden tar upp en avsevärd del av det kväve som tillförs skogen via luftoch nederbörd.
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| 14. |
- Johansson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Metod för analys av limeffektiviteten i spånskivor
- 1991
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En metod har utvecklats, som gör det möjligt att identifiera karbamidlimmet på spån och i träbaserade skivor. Med metodens hjälp, och i kombination med bildanalys, kan man studera limmets fördelning på spånen och hur effektivt det utnyttjas i skivan. Metoden har utvecklats till en Trätek-service som vi erbjuder industrin. Kontakta Ingvar Johansson, tel 08-14 53 00, för mer information.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Niklas, 1987-
(författare)
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On the Power of Quantum Computation: Oracles
- 2018
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Quantum computation solve some computational problems faster than the best-known alternative in classical computation. The evidence for this consists of examples where a quantum algorithm outperforms the best-known classical algorithm. A large body of these examples relies on oracle query complexity, where the performance (complexity) of the algorithms is measured by the number of times they need to access an oracle. Here, an oracle is usually considered to be a black box that computes a specific function at unit cost.However, the quantum algorithm is given access to an oracle with more structure than the classical algorithm. This thesis argues that the two oracles are so vastly different that comparing quantum and classical query complexity should not be considered evidence, but merely hints for a quantum advantage.The approach used is based on a model that can be seen as an approximation of quantum theory, but can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. This model solves several oracular problems with the same performance as their quantum counterparts, showing that there is no genuine quantum advantage for these problems. This approach also clarifies the assumptions made in quantum computation, and which properties that can be seen as resources in these algorithms.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Sara, 1975-
(författare)
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Knowledge, Product Differentiation and Trade
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the influence of knowledge on the export performance of firms in different regions. More specifically, this study focuses on the impact of knowledge on the structure of regional export flows, in terms of horizontal and vertical product differentiation, as well as the geographical distribution of export flows. The thesis consists of four separate papers, which contribute to the overall analysis of knowledge, product differentiation and international trade in different ways. The second chapter presents a study of the effects of regional accessibility to R&D on the diversity of export flows with regard to goods, firms and destination markets. Chapter 3 provides an empirical analysis of vertical product differentiation, i.e. differentiation in terms of product quality, and examines the impact of educated labor and R&D on regional comparative advantages in goods of relatively high product quality. Chapter 4 contains a study of how the regional endowment of highly educated workers affects the structure of export flows, i.e. how the endowment of educated workers impacts on the number of product varieties exported, the average price per variety and the average quantity shipped out. The final chapter presents a micro-level analysis of firms’ propensity to participate in international markets and their propensity to expand export activities by introducing new export products or establishing export links with new destination countries. In summary, the empirical results of this thesis convey the message that regional accessibility to knowledge, embodied in highly educated labor and/or developed through R&D activities, plays a fundamental role in shaping the content and structure of regional export flows. More specifically, the present empirical observations suggest that the regional endowment of knowledge stimulates the size of the export base in terms of exporting firms and number of product varieties. The recurring significance of the accessibility variables in explaining spatial export patterns show that the knowledge endowment of a region must be defined in such ways that it captures sources of potential knowledge spillovers from inside as well as outside its own regional boundaries. This outcome shows that regional variations in knowledge endowments originate both in the actual spatial distribution of a nation’s knowledge labor across regions, and in regional differences in the geographical accessibility to internal and external knowledge labor.
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| 20. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
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Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Wälivaara, Dan-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Frontal bone and modified zygomatic implants for retention of a nasal prosthesis: Surgical planning using a three-dimensional computer software program.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery. - 2000-6764. ; 45:2, s. 109-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implants integrated into bone have revolutionised the retention of total nasal prostheses. However, it may be difficult to identify available sites for placement of the implant after excision. In addition, it is ideal to minimise wide bony exposure after radiotherapy to avoid compromising the blood supply. In this paper we describe a technique for accurate placement of frontal bone and customised zygomatic implants using a computer-designed and fabricated surgical guide with a minimal access flap.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Adamiak, Beata, et al.
(författare)
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Human antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein C are neutralizing and target the heparan sulfate-binding domain
- 2010
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6822. ; 400:2, s. 197-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human antibodies specific for glycoprotein C (gC1) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) neutralized the virus infectivity and efficiently inhibited attachment of HSV-1 to human HaCaT keratinocytes and to murine mutant L cells expressing either heparan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate at the cell surface. Similar activities were observed with anti-gC1 monoclonal antibody B1C1. In addition to HaCaT and L cells, B1C1 antibody neutralized HSV-1 infectivity in simian GMK AH1 cells mildly pre-treated with heparinase III. Human anti-gC1 antibodies efficiently competed with the binding of gC1 to B1C1 antibody whose epitope overlaps a part of the attachment domain of gC1. Human anti-gC1 and B1C1 antibodies extended survival time of mice experimentally infected with HSV-1. We conclude that in HaCaT cells and in cell systems showing restricted expression of glycosaminoglycans, human and some monoclonal anti-gC1 antibodies can target the cell-binding domain of this protein and neutralize viral infectivity.
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| 28. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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A mannose-specific adherence mechanism in Lactobacillus plantarum conferring binding to the human colonic cell line HT-29.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Applied and environmental microbiology. - 0099-2240. ; 62:7, s. 2244-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two Lactobacillus plantarum strains of human intestinal origin, strains 299 (= DSM 6595) and 299v (= DSM 9843), have proved to be efficient colonizers of the human intestine under experimental conditions. These strains and 17 other L. plantarum strains were tested for the ability to adhere to cells of the human colonic cell line HT-29.L.plantarum 299 and 299v and nine other L. plantarum strains, including all six strains that belong to the same genetic subgroup as L. plantarum 299 and 299v, adhered to HT-29 cells in a manner that could be inhibited by methyl-alpha-D-mannoside. The ability to adhere to HT-29 cells correlated with an ability to agglutinate cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and erythrocytes in a mannose-sensitive manner and with adherence to D-mannose-coated agarose beads. L. plantarum 299 and 299v adhered to freshly isolated human colonic and ileal enterocytes, but the binding was not significantly inhibited by methyl-alpha-D-mannoside. Periodate treatment of HT-29 cells abolished mannose-sensitive adherence, confirming that the cell-bound receptor was of carbohydrate nature. Proteinase K treatment of the bacteria also abolished adherence, indicating that the binding involved protein structures on the bacterial cell surface. Thus, a mannose-specific adhesin has been identified in L. plantarum; this adhesin could be involved in the ability to colonize the intestine.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Alyamani, Manar, et al.
(författare)
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Alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) impacts the homeostasis of intestinal T lymphocyte populations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Alkaline sphingomyelinase (NPP7) is expressed by intestinal epithelial cells and is crucial for the digestion of dietary sphingomyelin. NPP7 also inactivates proinflammatory mediators including platelet-activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine. The aim of this study was to examine a potential role for NPP7 in the homeostasis of the intestinal immune system. Methods: We quantified the numbers of B-lymphocytes, plasma cells, T-lymphocytes including regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs), natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, in the small and large intestines, the mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleens of heterozygous and homozygous NPP7 knockout (KO) and wildtype (WT) mice. Tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and stainings quantified using computerized image analysis. Results: The numbers of both small and large intestinal CD3ε+, CD4+, and CD8α+ T-lymphocytes were significantly higher in NPP7 KO compared to WT mice (with a dose-response relationship in the large intestine), whereas Treg numbers were unchanged, and dendritic cell numbers reduced. In contrast, the numbers of CD3ε+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes in mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly reduced in NPP7 KO mice, while no differences were observed in spleens. The numbers of B-lymphocytes, plasma cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils were similar between genotypes. Conclusion: NPP7 contributes to the regulation of dendritic cell and T-lymphocyte numbers in mesenteric lymph nodes and both the small and large intestines, thus playing a role in the homeostasis of gut immunity. Although it is likely that the downstream effects of NPP7 activity involve the sphingomyelin metabolites ceramide and spingosine-1-phosphate, the exact mechanisms behind this regulatory function of NPP7 need to be addressed in future studies.
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| 33. |
- Andersson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression profiling of leukemic cell lines reveals conserved molecular signatures among subtypes with specific genetic aberrations
- 2005
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 19:6, s. 1042-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hematologic malignancies are characterized by fusion genes of biological/clinical importance. Immortalized cell lines with such aberrations are today widely used to model different aspects of leukemogenesis. Using cDNA microarrays, we determined the gene expression profiles of 40 cell lines as well as of primary leukemias harboring 11q23/MLL rearrangements, t(1;19)[TCF3/PBX1], t(12;21)[ETV6/RUNX1], t(8;21)[RUNX1/CBFA2T1], t(8;14) [IGH@/MYC], t(8;14)[TRA@/MYC], t(9;22)[BCR/ABL1], t(10;11) [PICALM/MLLT10], t(15;17)[PML/RARA], or inv(16)[CBFB/MYH11]. Unsupervised classification revealed that hematopoietic cell lines of diverse origin, but with the same primary genetic changes, segregated together, suggesting that pathogenetically important regulatory networks remain conserved despite numerous passages. Moreover, primary leukemias cosegregated with cell lines carrying identical genetic rearrangements, further supporting that critical regulatory pathways remain intact in hematopoietic cell lines. Transcriptional signatures correlating with clinical subtypes/primary genetic changes were identified and annotated based on their biological/molecular properties and chromosomal localization. Furthermore, the expression profile of tyrosine kinase-encoding genes was investigated, identifying several differentially expressed members, segregating with primary genetic changes, which may be targeted with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The identified conserved signatures are likely to reflect regulatory networks of importance for the transforming abilities of the primary genetic changes and offer important pathogenetic insights as well as a number of targets for future rational drug design.
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| 34. |
- Andersson, Bengt-Åke
(författare)
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Circulating Biomarkers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer and the Influence of Cigarette Smoking
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a collective name for heterogeneous tumors located in the head and neck regions for which smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus (HPV) are documented risk factors. The survival of HNC patients has only improved marginally during the last decade. The most important prognostic factors are tumor size, local spread and distant metastases, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging. Prognostic biomarkers are needed as a complement to TNM staging.The aim for this thesis was to investigate rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers which could indicate the risk of HNC, recurrence of the disease or the survival of HNC patients. Furthermore, the aim was to examine how cigarette smoking influences the levels of biomarkers.In paper I, a possible role of plasma cytokines or proteins associated with immune response or inflammation, as biomarkers for the survival of HNC patients was investigated. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected in plasma of the patients compared with the levels in the controls. The elevated levels of these two biomarkers detected in patients were associated with decreased survival.In paper II, the influence of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 41 genes associated with cell cycle progression, cell death, DNA repair or immune response on cancer risk, tumor recurrence and survival in HNC patients were investigated. SNPs in immune response genes were associated with risk for HNC, an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients.In paper III, the influence of cigarette smoking on levels of inflammatory cells, proteins or cytokines/chemokines, microRNAs (miRNAs) and SNPs was analysed in healthy smokers and non-smokers. Higher levels of total white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP, monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1 (MCP-1) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were detected in smokers compared to non-smokers and indicate an inflammatory response. Also, a lower level of oncomiRNA miR-21was detected in smokers. This alteration, in combination with the elevated levels of IFN-γ in smokers could be a protective response to cigarette smoke. The higher levels of IFN-γ in smokers compared to non-smokers were however only detected in individuals with SNP rs2069705 genotype AG/GG. This indicates a genetic association of the levels of IFN-γ.In paper IV, the separate effects of cigarette smoking and HNC on inflammatory or immune biomarkers and the impact of high risk human papillomavirus, age and gender were investigated. Comparisons of circulating levels of WBCs and its subpopulations, plasma proteins or cytokines/chemokines between smoking and non-smoking patients, smoking and non-smoking controls and between the patient and control groups were analysed. Smoking had highest impact on elevated levels of WBCs, IFN-γ and MCP-1, and HNC had highest impact on elevated levels of neutrophils, monocytes, NLR, CRP, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta and TNF-α.In conclusion, host immune response associated parameters could be suitable as biomarkers for the risk of HNC, risk of recurrence or in predicting survival of HNC patients. This thesis show that HNC are associated with systemic inflammatory response and upregulated CRP and TNF-α is related to shorter survival in HNC patients. Additionally, SNPs in immune response genes such as rs1800629 in the TNF-α gene indicates a risk for HNC or an elevated risk for recurrence and a decreased survival in HNC patients. These rapid and low cost blood based biomarkers could be used in combination or as a supplement to established biomarkers in the clinic for a more personalized treatment modality.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Andersson, Christopher, 1987-
(författare)
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Regulatory pathways and virulence inhibition in Listeria monocytogenes
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Listeria monocytogenes is a rod-shaped Gram positive bacterium. It generally exist ubiquitously in nature, where it lives as a saprophyte. Occasionally it however enters the food chain, from where it can be ingested by humans and cause gastro-intestinal distress. In immunocompetent individuals L. monocytogenes is generally cleared within a couple of weeks, but in immunocompromised patients it can progress to listeriosis, a potentially life-threatening infection in the central nervous system. If the infected individual is pregnant, the bacteria can cross the placental barrier and infect the fetus, possibly leading to spontaneous abortion.The infectivity of L. monocytogenes requires a certain set of genes, and the majority of them is dependent on the transcriptional regulator PrfA. The expression and activity of PrfA is controlled at several levels, and has traditionally been viewed to be active at 37 °C (virulence conditions) where it bind as a homodimer to a “PrfA-box” and induces the expression of the downstream gene.One of these genes is ActA, which enables intracellular movement by recruiting an actin polymerizing protein complex. When studying the effects of a blue light receptor we surprisingly found an effect of ActA at non-virulent conditions, where it is required for the bacteria to properly react to light exposure.To further study the PrfA regulon we tested deletion mutants of several PrfA-regulated virulence genes in chicken embryo infection studies. Based on these studies we could conclude that the chicken embryo model is a viable complement to traditional murine models, especially when investigating non-traditional internalin pathogenicity pathways. We have also studied the effects of small molecule virulence inhibitors that, by acting on PrfA, can inhibit L. monocytogenes infectivity in cell cultures with concentrations in the low micro-molar range.
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| 37. |
- Andersson, Kent, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion till Operationsanalys : En antologi med essäer av studerande i militärteknik 2011
- 2012
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I ämnesplanen definieras militärteknik som ”den vetenskap som beskriver och förklarar hur tekniken inverkar på militär verksamhet på alla nivåer, strategisk, operativ och taktisk, samt hur officersprofessionen påverkar och påverkas av tekniken.”[1] En militärteknikers uppgift brukar, utgående från definitionen, uttryckas som att beskriva och förklara den militära nyttan med tekniken. För att kunna göra detta behövs verktyg. Och många av dem kommer från den vetenskapliga disciplinen Operationsanalys.Syftet med den här antologin är att introducera studerande i militärteknik på Försvarshögskolan till två av de mest refererade boktitlarna i operationsanalys – Methods for conducting military operational analysis editerad av Andrew G. Loerch och Larry B. Rainey samt Military Operations Research, quantitative decision making av N.K. Jaiswal.Kapitlen utgörs av essäer skrivna av studerande på den högre stabsofficersutbildningen med teknisk inriktning, som examinationsuppgift i en fördjupningskurs. Essäerna är till del referat av kapitel i de två böckerna ovan, men kryddade med exempel satta i svenskt sammanhang och med de studerandes egen värdering av metodernas användbarhet.[1]Försvarshögskolan, Ämnesplan militärteknik, 2007.
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| 38. |
- Andersson, Linus, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and risk factors for chemical sensitivity and sensory hyperreactivity in teenagers
- 2008
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Ingår i: International journal of hygiene and environmental health. - : Elsevier. - 1438-4639 .- 1618-131X. ; 211:5-6, s. 690-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of chemical sensitivity (CS) and sensory hyperreactivity (SHR) was assessed in a teenage population. Among a random sample of 401 teenagers, 326 (81.3%) answered questionnaires assessing sensitivity to chemicals and noise, anxiety and depression. A subgroup of 85 teenagers conducted a capsaicin inhalation test. The estimated prevalence was 15.6% for general self-reported CS, 3.7% for CS with affective and behavioral consequences, about 1% for SHR. Sensitivity variables were positively intercorrelated. Risk factors for general CS were noise sensitivity (OR: 2.1), probable anxiety (OR: 2.5) and female sex (OR: 2.0). CS problems seem to be present also in teenagers, although less so than in adults. Furthermore, CS seems to be related to other environmental sensitivities.
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| 39. |
- Andersson, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Den kalejdoskopiska offentligheten : Lokal press, värdemönster och det offentliga samtalets villkor 1880-1910
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim with this dissertation is to contribute to a deeper knowledge of three interwoven problem complexes. First, the aim is to analyse the functions of the press in society, in this context with a particular focus on the provincial press. Second, special attention is given to the significance of regional patterns of values for the potential of the newspapers to function. Third, the dissertation deals with the difficult and complex questions of the conditions for the public discourse. The primary aim is to analyse in detail what can be expressed in a particular environment at a particular time. The area investigated is the county of Kronoberg in the period 1880-1910. The empirical basis for the dissertation consists of in-depth studies of some attempts to establish newspapers in the county, along with a number of thematic studies.On the basis of previous research a number of functions of the press has been identified: information, politics, economy, education, entertainment and identity. The thematic studies of this dissertation reveals the context-bound relationship between the various functions. All the studies conducted here shows clearly that the occurrence of specific regional patterns of values was of great significance for the actions of the newspapers. All the newspapers studied recognize the existence of a shared foundation of values in the region. Some of the newspapers supported the ideals, others tried to combat them. None of them tried to deny that they existed or that they were significant. With Jürgen Habermas' model of public discourse as a starting-point and with the aid of four key terms - public sphere, accessibility, critique and discursive tone - I have systematically tried to capture the significance of the press for the conditions in which the public discourse is carried on.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Andersson, Åke E., et al.
(författare)
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Inside and outside the black box : organization of interdependencies
- 2018
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Ingår i: The annals of regional science. - : Springer. - 0570-1864 .- 1432-0592. ; 61:3, s. 501-516
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production theory has remained substantially unchanged since the publication of the theory of production by Frisch (Theory of production, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1928; Nord 613 Tidskr Tek Okon 1:12-27, 1935). The theory is based on the idea of a firm deciding on the possible input and output combinations of a single unit of production. His theory was substantially copied in contributions by Carlson (A study on the pure theory of production, University of Chicago, Chicago, 1939) and Schneider (Einfuhrung in die Wirtschaftstheorie. 4 Bande, Mohr, Tubingen, 1947), and later by practically all textbooks in microeconomics. The idea is to model the firm as a black box in which a finite number of externally purchased inputs are transformed into a finite number of outputs to be sold in the market(s). Most of the time, the prices are externally determined. Often, the production process is summarized by some simplified production function as, for example, in the form of a CES function. Another and conceptually richer approach is the formulation of an activity analysis model. In the latter case, simple internal interdependencies can be included. In this paper, we indicate how internal interdependencies can also be modeled within a special CES framework. In recent decades, there has been a remarkable growth in the number of production units of firms such as IKEA, Walmart and Apple to name a few such global networking firms. Most of the analysis of these network firms has been modeled by logistics and other operations-research analysts (Simchi-Levi et al. 2008) and to a limited extent by researchers in business administration schools. Very little has been done in economics. We propose a modeling approach consistent with the microeconomic theory.
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| 45. |
- Andersson, Åke E., et al.
(författare)
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Internal and external knowledge and development in regions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Transportation, knowledge and space in urban and regional economics. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781785366055 - 9781785366062 ; , s. 319-348
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Andersson, Åke E, et al.
(författare)
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Mathematical Models in Spatial Economics
- 2007
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Ingår i: Mathematical Models in Economics in the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences. - Paris : Unesco.
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Andersson, Åke E, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Economics of Disappearing Distance. - : Taylor and Francis.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 50. |
- Andersson, Åke E, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2019
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Ingår i: The economics of disappearing distance. - : Taylor and Francis. ; , s. xiii-
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This title was first published in 2003. This book focuses on the role of tangible and intangible networks that affect spatial interdependencies in economic and social life. It addresses the question - is the effect of distance disappearing? In examining this question the book considers the types of interaction that bring about globalisation of markets as well as social life in general and the distortion of distance patterns and changes in spatial interdependencies. The contributions elaborate theory and methods by examining hierarchical fields of internal and external influence on regional change sources of productivity growth in a network of industries, endogenous growth and development policies. The book concludes with an assessment of plan evaluation methodologies for a changing and globalizing world characterized by new economic networks and networking arrangements.
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