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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Brodowski, W, et al.
(författare)
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Two-Pion Production in Nucleon-Nucleon Collisions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proc. Int. Conf. on Production, Properties and Interaction of Mesons, MESON 2002, Cracow, Poland, 2002..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option
- 2023
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long -term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 13. |
- Hauge, Karen Evelyn, et al.
(författare)
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Keeping others in our mind or in our heart? Distribution games under cognitive load
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It has recently been argued that giving is spontaneous while greed is calculated (Rand et al. 2012). If greed is calculated we would expect that cognitive load, which is assumed to reduce the influence of cognitive processes, should affect greed. In this paper we study both charitable giving and the behavior of dictators under high and low cognitive load, to test if greed is affected by the load. In the dictator games we use both a give frame, where the dictators are given an amount that they may share with a partner, and a take frame, where dictators may take from an amount initially allocated to the partner. The results show consistently that the behavioral effect in terms of allocated money of the induced load is small if at all existent. At the same time, follow-up questions indicate that the subjects’ decisions are more driven by their feelings and less driven by their thoughts under cognitive load.
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| 14. |
- Hidemark, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Nygotiska kyrkor i Skåne : utveckling i form, material och konstruktion 1840-1910
- 1991
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Denna bok har sin utgångspunkt i 1981/82 års studier i skånskt 1800-talsbyggande där Arkitekturskolans restaureringslinje valde att ägna sitt intresse åt det relativt obeaktade bestånd av nygotiska kyrkor som Skåne erbjuder. Studiernas syfte har varit attförsöka fånga kyrkornas specifika såväl estetiska som tekniska karaktäristiska och beskriva den utveckling som de representerar.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Höistad, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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CELSIUS as an eta factory
- 1997
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. ; , s. 93c-96c
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Höistad, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Hunting the dibaryon d'(2605)
- 1998
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Ingår i: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS. ; , s. 2415-2423
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Höistad, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Physics with WASA and PROMICE
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proc. Int. Conf. on Physics with GeV-Particle Beams, Jülich. - : World Scientific, Singapore. ; , s. 519-530
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Ann-Katrin, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported dry mouth in Swedish population samples aged 50, 65 and 75
- 2012
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Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : Wiley. - 1741-2358 .- 0734-0664. ; 29:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to study changes in prevalence of xerostomia from age 50 to 65 yr. Questionnaires were sent to all subjects born in 1942 living in two Swedish counties in 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007. The analyses have focused on those who answered the questionnaires both in 1992 and 2007. The response rate was 71.4% (n = 6346) in 1992 and 73.1% (n = 6078) in 2007. Of those who answered the questionnaire in 1992, 74.3% (n = 4714) responded also in 2007. There was an almost linear increase of the prevalence of xerostomia over the four occasions from age 50 to age 65. Xerostomia at night was more prevalent than during daytime. The pooled prevalence of night and daytime xerostomia was 6% at age 50 and 15% at age 65, and it was higher in women than in men on both occasions. Logistic regression analyses showed that impaired health and smoking were significantly associated with daytime but not with nighttime xerostomia. Despite the increase of the prevalence of xerostomia from age 50 to age 65, there was considerable variation during the observation period. The incidence rate was 13% (507/4015) and the disappearance rate was 42% (104/250) for the dichotomized answers.
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| 23. |
- Johansson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and analysis of the pp -> pp gamma action at 310 MeV
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 83:5, s. 054001-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pp -> pp gamma reaction has been studied at a beam energy of 310 MeV by detecting both final protons at the PROMICE-WASA facility and identifying the photon through the resulting missing-mass peak. The photon angular distribution in the center-of-mass system and those of the proton-proton relative momentum with respect to the beam direction and to that of the recoil photon were determined reliably up to a final pp excitation energy of E-pp similar to 30 MeV. Except for very small E-pp values, the behavior of these distributions with excitation energy is well reproduced by a new refined model of the hard bremsstrahlung process. The model reproduces absolutely the total cross section and its energy dependence to within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties.
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| 24. |
- Johansson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Phi-phi excitation function at LEAR
- 1997
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS B (Proc. Suppl.). - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. ; , s. 256-261
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Johansson, Kristina, 1986-
(författare)
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Biomarkers and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage : population-based studies in northern Sweden
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a disease associated with a high morbidity and mortality and treatment options for the condition are limited. Even though an ICH event usually comes as a surprise to the affected individual, pathogenetic processes often have occurred before the sudden ICH event and may have preceded disease onset by years. It is possible that individuals at increased risk of ICH could be identified using biomarkers, for example markers of hemostasis and fibrinolysis. Even if these biomarkers are not part of the causal chain, they could be used as risk indicators to better define high-risk groups. Another approach could be to measure already established risk markers for ICH, such as self-reported alcohol consumption, using a blood biomarker. That could increase measurement reliability and consequently the accuracy of the estimates of ICH risk.AimsThe aim of this thesis was to investigate potential biomarkers and risk of ICH. Specific aims were to evaluate the associations between factor XII, D-dimer, von Willebrand factor (VWF), ABO blood groups with focus on blood group O, phosphatidylethanol (PEth), and risk of ICH.MethodsIn our first study, aiming to investigate the association between factor XII and risk of hemorrhagic stroke, we followed participants of the health examination northern Sweden MONItoring trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease (MONICA) performed in 1994 as a cohort until 2011. Factor XII concentrations were measured in blood samples drawn at the baseline health examination where the participants also answered a questionnaire regarding lifestyle factors and medical history. Diagnosis codes from the National Patient Register and the Swedish Cause of Death Register were used to find cases of hemorrhagic stroke, defined as ICH or subarachnoid hemorrhage. In the subsequent studies, the associations between biomarkers (factor XII, D-dimer, VWF, ABO blood groups, and PEth) and risk of ICH were investigated using a matched, nested case-referent design including individuals that had participated in the Västerbotten Intervention Programme, the MONICA and the Mammography Screening Project in 1985–2007. The participants donated blood samples at baseline for future research which were stored at -80 degrees C until biomarker analyses. The majority of the participants also underwent a baseline health examination including a questionnaire. First-ever ICH diagnoses during the study period 1985–2007 were validated using medical records and autopsy reports. To each case, two referents were matched for age, sex, geographical region, health examination date and health examination setting. ResultsIn the cohort study of the association between factor XII concentrations and risk of hemorrhagic stroke, 1,852 participants were included among which 30 experienced a hemorrhagic stroke event. There was an association between high factor XII and risk of hemorrhagic stroke in a multivariable model (hazard ratio 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–2.21 per standard deviation [SD] of factor XII). In the case-referent study of the association between factor XII and risk of ICH, 70 cases with ICH and 137 matched referents were included. We found no association between factor XII and risk of ICH in a multivariable model (odds ratio [OR] 1.06; 95% CI 0.57–1.97 per SD of factor XII). The study of the association between D-dimer and risk of ICH included 141 cases and 255 matched referents. We found an association between D-dimer and risk of ICH in a multivariable model (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05–1.77 per SD of D-dimer). When stratifying the analysis for time between blood sampling and ICH event in tertiles, the association remained significant in the cases with the shortest time between blood sampling and ICH event in a multivariable model (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.05–3.05 per SD of D-dimer). The study investigating the association between VWF and risk of ICH included 139 cases and 276 referents. We found no association between VWF and risk of ICH in a multivariable model (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.54–1.34 per SD of VWF). In the analysis investigating the associations between ABO blood groups and risk of ICH, 162 cases and 317 referents were included. We found no association between blood group O compared to non-O blood groups and risk of ICH (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.65–1.42). In the study of the association between PEth concentrations and risk of ICH, 97 cases and 180 referents were included. There was an association between PEth concentrations > 0.30 µmol/L compared to < 0.01 µmol/L and risk of ICH in a multivariable model (OR 4.64; 95% CI 1.49–14.40).ConclusionsHigh concentrations of D-dimer and PEth are associated with an increased risk of ICH. Our conclusion of the two studies investigating the association between factor XII and risk of hemorrhagic stroke and ICH respectively is that there is no association between factor XII and risk of ICH. We found no association between VWF or blood group O and risk of ICH.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Johansson, Tord, et al.
(författare)
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Threshold meson production at CELSIUS
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proc. 7th Conf. on Mesons and Light Nuclei'98. - : World Scientific, Singapore. - 9810238851 ; , s. 1-14
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Pätzold, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Exclusive measurements of the pp --> pp pi+pi- reaction
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proc. 9th Int. Symp. on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon, MENU 2001, Washington D.C., USA, 2001., piN Newsletter. ; , s. 370-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Slotte, Christer, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Four-Millimeter Implants Supporting Fixed Partial Dental Prostheses in the Severely Resorbed Posterior Mandible: Two-Year Results.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reduced alveolar bone volume complicates implant dentistry. Purpose: In this prospective multicenter study, a new, 4-mm long Straumann SLActive implant (Ø 4.1mm) supporting a fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) in the severely resorbed posterior mandible was evaluated for two years. Material and Methods: Thirty-two patients (11 men, 21 women; mean age 64.1 years) participated. Ten to 12 weeks after single-stage surgery, a screw-retained FDP was attached to three or four 4-mm implants. Results and Discussion: One hundred implants were inserted. Three failed at surgery and four were lost before loading. Twenty-eight patients received FDPs (93 implants). Two patients were discontinued because of secondary exclusion criteria; therefore, 26 patients were followed up from baseline (BL). After 1 year, one patient insisted on removal of all implants and one patient died because of nonstudy-related complications. Twenty-four patients (87 implants) were eligible for examination 2 years post-loading. All implants were found to be stable [survival rate 95.7% (confidence interval, CI 88.8-98.3) after 1 year and 92.3% (CI 84.5-96.2) after 2 years]. The mean change from BL to 12 months was - 0.43mm (CI 0.31-0.59; p<.001) and from 12 to 24 months - 0.11mm (CI -0.01-0.23; p=.056). The survival rate is only slightly lower than in similar studies on 6 to 8.5mm implants. This may be related to high initial stability and effective use of the residual bone volume with high primary bone-to-implant contact in dense bone structures. The surgical handling of the tested implant was found to be similar to that of implants of common length. However, the preparation procedure must be done with great care to avoid overdrilling. Careful planning and design of the prosthetic construction is mandatory to prevent unfavorable occlusion and avoid harmful shear forces. Conclusion: This study showed that 4mm implants can support an FDP in severely resorbed posterior mandibles for at least 2 years and with healthy peri-implant conditions.
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| 35. |
- Slotte, Christer, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Four-Millimeter-Long Posterior-Mandible Implants: 5-Year Outcomes of a Prospective Multicenter Study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is lack of evidence on long-term success of short dental implants in reduced alveolar bone. Purpose In this prospective 5-year study, survival and marginal bone loss of 4-mm implants, which supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) in severely resorbed posterior mandibles, were evaluated. Material and Methods In 28 patients, evaluation of 86 osseointegrated 4-mm-long implants, which supported a 3- or a 4-unit FDP by crown splinting without the use of pontics or cantilevers, was performed over a 5-year period. Results Three subjects dropped out for non-study reasons: one subject had her three implants removed after 1 year and two subjects died (six implants). Five implants in three subjects were lost between 3 and 5 years. Twenty-four subjects and 71 implants were active at the 5-year follow-up (92.2% survival). After 1 year, significant (p<.001) mean (standard error of the mean [SEM]) 0.44-mm (0.05) marginal bone loss occurred. At 2, 3, and 5 years, mean (SEM) bone loss of 0.57mm (0.06), 0.55mm (0.07), and 0.53mm (0.08) occurred, respectively (no significant change after 1 year). At 5 years, average plaque levels were 13.3%; 69% of the implants were plaque free. On average, mucosal bleeding occurred at 8.1% of the implants. During 5 years, two subjects experienced uncomplicated bridge loosening. No other complications occurred during the study. Conclusion Four-millimeter implants can support FDPs in severely resorbed posterior mandibles for 5 years with healthy peri-implant conditions.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Tyler, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Statistiska uppgifter kring Skånes flora.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Floran i Skåne. Arterna och deras utbredning.. - 9197102156 ; , s. 119-123
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Adlemo, Anders, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Fault tolerance strategies in an existing FMS installation
- 1993
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Ingår i: Control Engineering Practice. - 0967-0661. ; 1:1, s. 127-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a case study of an FMS installation in which fault tolerance is modelled through the use of a description model called the General Recursive System (GRS). The GRS makes it possible to study different system configuration are described, called Hardware Configuration, Mission Configuration and Work Configuration. Fault tolerance, i.e. ways to overcome erroneous situations in the FMS installation, is obtained by choosing alternative system configurations. Alternative ways to describe different fault tolerance strategies within the FMS installation are illustrated through examples.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Ahlberg, Karin, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Fatigue, psychological distress, coping and quality of life in patients with uterine cancer.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of advanced nursing. - 0309-2402. ; 45:2, s. 205-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a subjectively experienced symptom that is multidimensional and multifactorial. Patients with cancer have identified fatigue as one of the major troubling symptoms and the primary cause of distress in their lives. AIMS: The major aim of the study was to examine how patients diagnosed with uterine cancer describe their experience of fatigue, psychological distress, coping resources and quality of life. A secondary aim was to describe the relationship between selected variables. METHOD: A descriptive and correlational design was used and the study was conducted at a university hospital in Sweden. The study population consisted of women, diagnosed with uterine cancer, who where scheduled to receive curative external radiation therapy. Sixty women participated in the study and data were collected through self-report instruments. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from patient records. The data were collected during year 2000-2002. The Conceptual Model of Symptom Management was used as a framework to guide the study. FINDINGS: Patients experienced a low grade of fatigue and psychological distress, but their functional status and global quality of life was high. Significant correlations were found between general fatigue and anxiety and also between general fatigue and depression. There was a significant negative correlation between general fatigue and coping resources. Depression explained 44% of the variance in general fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide knowledge about predictors of CRF in women with uterine cancer, and can serve as a basis for future longitudinal studies in which different prophylactic strategies against therapy-related fatigue are prospectively studied.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Ahlman, Daniel, 1978-
(författare)
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A study of turbulence and scalar mixing in a wall-jet using direct numerical simulation
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Direct numerical simulation is used to study the dynamics and mixing in a turbulent plane wall-jet. The investigation is undertaken in order to extend the knowledge base of the influence of the wall on turbulent dynamics and mixing. The mixing statistics produced can also be used to evaluate and develop models for mixing and combustion. In order to perform the simulations, a numerical code was developed. The code employs compact finite difference schemes, of high order, for spatial integration, and a low-storage Runge-Kutta method for the temporal integration. In the simulations performed the inlet based Reynolds and Mach numbers of the wall jet were Re = 2000 and M=0.5, respectively. Above the jet a constant coflow of 10% of the inlet jet velocity was applied. A passive scalar was added at the inlet of the jet, in a non-premixed manner, enabling an investigation of the wall-jet mixing as well as the dynamics. The mean development and the respective self-similarity of the inner and outer shear layers were studied. Comparisons of properties in the shear layers of different character were performed by applying inner and outer scaling. The characteristics of the wall-jet was compared to what has been observed in other canonical shear flows. In the inner part of the jet, 0 ≤ y+ ≤ 13, the wall-jet was found to closely resemble a zero pressure gradient boundary layer. The outer layer was found to resemble a free plane jet. The downstream growth rate of the scalar was approximately equal to that of the streamwise velocity, in terms of the growth rate of the half-width. The scalar fluxes in the streamwise and wall-normal direction were found to be of comparable magnitude.
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| 46. |
- Ahlman, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Direct numerical simulation of a plane turbulent wall-jet including scalar mixing
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physics of fluids. - : AIP Publishing. - 1070-6631 .- 1089-7666. ; 19:6, s. 065102-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct numerical simulation is used to study a turbulent plane wall-jet including the mixing of a passive scalar. The Reynolds and Mach numbers at the inlet are Re=2000 and M=0.5, respectively, and a constant coflow of 10% of the inlet jet velocity is used. The passive scalar is added at the inlet enabling an investigation of the wall-jet mixing. The self-similarity of the inner and outer shear layers is studied by applying inner and outer scaling. The characteristics of the wall-jet are compared to what is reported for other canonical shear flows. In the inner part, the wall-jet is found to closely resemble a zero pressure gradient boundary layer, and the outer layer is found to resemble a free plane jet. The downstream growth rate of the scalar is approximately equal to that of the streamwise velocity in terms of the growth rate of the half-widths. The scalar fluxes in the streamwise and wall-normal direction are found to be of comparable magnitude. The scalar mixing situation is further studied by evaluating the scalar dissipation rate and the mechanical to mixing time scale ratio.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Ahlman, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Direct numerical simulation of mixing in a plane compressible and turbulent wall jet
- 2005
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Ingår i: 4th International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. ; , s. 1131-1136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used to simulate the mixing of a passive scalar in a plane compressible and turbulent wall jet. The Mach number of the jet is M = 0.5 at the inlet. The downstream development of the jet is studied and compared to experimental data. Mixing in the inner and outer shear layers of the wall jet is investigated through scalar fluxes, the probability density function of the scalar concentration and the joint probability density function of the wall normal velocity fluctuation and the scalar concentration
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| 49. |
- Ahlman, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Direct numerical simulation of non-isothermal turbulent wall-jets
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics of fluids. - : AIP Publishing. - 1070-6631 .- 1089-7666. ; 21:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct numerical simulations of plane turbulent nonisothermal wall jets are performed and compared to the isothermal case. This study concerns a cold jet in a warm coflow with an ambient to jet density ratio of ρa/ρj = 0.4, and a warm jet in a cold coflow with a density ratio of ρa/ρj = 1.7. The coflow and wall temperature are equal and a temperature dependent viscosity according to Sutherland’s law is used. The inlet Reynolds and Mach numbers are equal in all these cases. The influence of the varying temperature on the development and jet growth is studied as well as turbulence and scalar statistics. The varying density affects the turbulence structures of the jets. Smaller turbulence scales are present in the warm jet than in the isothermal and cold jet and consequently the scale separation between the inner and outer shear layer is larger. In addition, a cold jet in a warm coflow at a higher inlet Reynolds number was also simulated. Although the domain length is somewhat limited, the growth rate and the turbulence statistics indicate approximate self-similarity in the fully turbulent region. The use of van Driest scaling leads to a collapse of all mean velocity profiles in the near-wall region. Taking into account the varying density by using semilocal scaling of turbulent stresses and fluctuations does not completely eliminate differences, indicating the influence of mean density variations on normalized turbulence statistics. Temperature and passive scalar dissipation rates and time scales have been computed since these are important for combustion models. Except for very near the wall, the dissipation time scales are rather similar in all cases and fairly constant in the outer region.
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| 50. |
- Ahlman, Daniel, 1978-
(författare)
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Numerical studies of turbulent wall-jets for mixing and combustion applications
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Direct numerical simulation is used to study turbulent plane wall-jets. The investigation is aimed at studying dynamics, mixing and reactions in wall bounded flows. The produced mixing statistics can be used to evaluate and develop models for mixing and combustion. An aim has also been to develop a simulation method that can be extended to simulate realistic combustion including significant heat release. The numerical code used in the simulations employs a high order compact finite difference scheme for spatial integration, and a low-storage Runge-Kutta method for the temporal integration. In the simulations the inlet based Reynolds and Mach numbers of the wall-jet are Re = 2000 and M=0.5 respectively, and above the jet a constant coflow of 10% of the inlet jet velocity is applied. The development of an isothermal wall-jet including passive scalar mixing is studied and the characteristics of the wall-jet are compared to observations of other canonical shear flows. In the near-wall region the jet resembles a zero pressure gradient boundary layer, while in the outer layer it resembles a plane jet. The scalar fluxes in the streamwise and wall-normal direction are of comparable magnitude. In order to study effects of density differences, two non-isothermal wall-jets are simulated and compared to the isothermal jet results. In the non-isothermal cases the jet is either warm and propagating in a cold surrounding or vice versa. The turbulence structures and the range of scales are affected by the density variation. The warm jet contains the largest range of scales and the cold the smallest. The differences can be explained by the varying friction Reynolds number. Conventional wall scaling fails due to the varying density. An improved collapse in the inner layer can be achieved by applying a semi-local scaling. The turbulent Schmidt and Prandtl number vary significantly only in the near-wall layer and in a small region below the jet center. A wall-jet including a single reaction between a fuel and an oxidizer is also simulated. The reactants are injected separately at the inlet and the reaction time scale is of the same order as the convection time scale and independent of the temperature. The reaction occurs in thin reaction zones convoluted by high intensity velocity fluctuations.
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