| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION RESEARCH: AWARENESS, MEASURES AND DEVELOPMENT
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Development. - 1923-6662. ; 4:11, s. 95-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper takes its standpoint in thehypothesis that awareness of sustainability is the keyto create sustainable products, and that this awarenessbegins already at research level. It describes thedevelopment and follow-up of a method forincreasing sustainability awareness in sustainableproduction research. Several activities were carriedout to increase the awareness. Firstly) workshopswith researchers and industry on sustainability.Secondly) development of measures based onliterature and interviews with researchers. Thirdly)monitoring of awareness through concept maps.Progress was evaluated by comparing the awarenessof the population when the project started in 2010,and then again in 2011. The results show that theparticipants had shifted their view from primaryemphasizing technology towards a more balancedview of sustainability where social aspects were moreoften taken into consideration. According to theconcept maps methodology, sustainability awarenessin the population increased with 25%.
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| 3. |
- Acke, Filip, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the platinum-support interaction on the direct reduction of NOx under lean conditions
- 1998
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Ingår i: Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. - 0167-2991. ; 116, s. 285-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Catalysts containing Pt supported on SiC, Al2O3 and ZSM-5 were prepared and studied for NOx reduction by C3H6 in Oz excess under transient (temperature ramps) and steady-state conditions. The maximum NOx reduction activity in the heating ramp experiments was similar for Pt/SiC and Pt/ZSM-5, while Pt/Al2O3 showed higher maximum activity. Both N-2 and N2O formation was observed for all catalysts, although the respective amounts varied with the investigated system. Highest Nz selectivity was observed for Pt/Al2O3. When the NOx reduction activity was studied under steady-state conditions the activity of Pt/Al2O3 decreased substantially (mainly due to a loss in N-2 production). Pt/ZSM-5 became somewhat more selective towards Na production whereas the activity and selectivity of Pt/SiC remained at about the same values as far the heating ramp experiments. Adsorbed species on the surface of the different catalysts were investigated using in-situ FTIR in order to obtain information about the reaction mechanisms. The adsorption of species on Pt/SiC was negligible, while a number of absorption bands were observed for Pt/Al2O3 (N and C containing species, and -NCO) and Pt/ZSM-5 (HC).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Dagman, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Production Research- a proposal of measuring research in sustainable production and monitoring of sustainability awareness
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Adlerbert Research Foundation Jubilee Conference, 22 november 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The research aims at investigating the possibilities to design measures suitable for evaluating research related to product development, production systems, and manufacturing processes. These measures should aim at both tracking and improving sustainability impact of research projects as well as in industry including the long term effects. The research questions are: How can measures for sustainable production be designed to:•measure the impact of a research project within the applied area e.g. the industry?•estimate increased sustainability awareness?•inspire novel ideas and development promoting sustainable production?Specifically we have: A) Conducted workshops with researchers and industry on sustainability measures and monitored sustainability awareness of the participants through concept maps. B) Developed a proposal for measures based on literature reviews, results from workshops and interviews with researchers regarding how sustainability measures can be incorporated and utilized in research. C) Developed a generic method for evaluating sustainability measures related to production research over time. D) 15 sustainability measures have been defined and fine tuned in two rounds by 40 senior researchers, where after monitoring and updates of the measures are performed continuously. Concept map showed that participants, at the start of the research effort in 2010, had an uneven view on sustainability with emphasis on technology. Second round of concept maps are carried out during June-September 2011 and results will be included
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| 6. |
- Drevinge, Christina, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Perilipin 5 is protective in the ischemic heart
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 219, s. 446-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Myocardial ischemia is associated with alterations in cardiac metabolism, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation. Here we investigate how myocardial lipid content and dynamics affect the function of the ischemic heart, and focus on the role of the lipid droplet protein perilipin 5 (Plin5) in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia. Methods and results: We generated Plin5(-/-) mice and found that Plin5 deficiency dramatically reduced the triglyceride content in the heart. Under normal conditions, Plin5(-/-) mice maintained a close to normal heart function by decreasing fatty acid uptake and increasing glucose uptake, thus preserving the energy balance. However, during stress or myocardial ischemia, Plin5 deficiency resulted in myocardial reduced substrate availability, severely reduced heart function and increased mortality. Importantly, analysis of a human cohort with suspected coronary artery disease showed that a common noncoding polymorphism, rs884164, decreases the cardiac expression of PLIN5 and is associated with reduced heart function following myocardial ischemia, indicating a role for Plin5 in cardiac dysfunction. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Plin5 deficiency alters cardiac lipid metabolism and associates with reduced survival following myocardial ischemia, suggesting that Plin5 plays a beneficial role in the heart following ischemia. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Ekstrand, Matias, et al.
(författare)
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Depletion of ATP and glucose in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLoS One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe hypoxia develops close to the necrotic core of advanced human atherosclerotic plaques, but the energy metabolic consequences of this hypoxia are not known. In animal models, plaque hypoxia is also associated with depletion of glucose and ATP. ATP depletion may impair healing of plaques and promote necrotic core expansion. To investigate if ATP depletion is present in human plaques, we analyzed the distribution of energy metabolites (ATP, glucose, glycogen and lactate) in intermediate and advanced human plaques.Snap frozen carotid endarterectomies from 6 symptomatic patients were analyzed. Each endarterectomy included a large plaque ranging from the common carotid artery (CCA) to the internal carotid artery (ICA). ATP, glucose, and glycogen concentrations were lower in advanced (ICA) compared to intermediate plaques (CCA), whereas lactate concentrations were higher. The lowest concentrations of ATP, glucose and glycogen were detected in the perinecrotic zone of advanced plaques.Our study demonstrates severe ATP depletion and glucose deficiency in the perinecrotic zone of human advanced atherosclerotic plaques. ATP depletion may impair healing of plaques and promote disease progression.
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| 8. |
- Fridell, Erik, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of NOx storage catalysts
- 1997
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Ingår i: 4th International Congress on Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control (CAPoC4) in Brussels, Belgium, April 9-11, 1997.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Fridell, Erik, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Investigations of NOx storage catalysts
- 1998
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Ingår i: Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. - 0167-2991. ; 116, s. 537-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NOx storage catalysts are used to reduce nitrogen oxides from lean-burn vehicles. The nitrogen oxides are stored in the catalyst during lean conditions and subsequently released and reduced during short periods of rich conditions. In the present study, we systematically investigate the sequence of elementary steps in the NOx reduction cycle, and the extent to which these steps influence the maximum NOx, reduction potential of the catalyst. As a model system, we use barium oxide as the NOx, storing compound in a Pt/Rh/Al2O3 system. Kinetics of NO oxidation, NO and NO2 adsorption, NO and NO2 release and reduction are studied under controlled conditions with systematic variations of temperature, gas composition, and storing/release times. The transient experiments comprise a storing phase using a lean NO/C3H6/O2/N2 gas mixture, and a regenerating phase where the O2 now is turned off. Experimentally, a significant amount of NOx is found to be stored in the Ba-containing material. A maximum in NOx storage is observed around 380 degrees C. For most of the experiments, there are clear NO and NO2 desorption peaks upon switching from the storing to the regeneration phase. TPD studies of NO and NO2 reveal a significant difference between prereduced and pre-oxidised samples where the former produce predominantly N2 and N2O at around 200 degrees C while NO and O2 desorb from the latter around 500 degrees C. In situ FTIR spectra show nitrate peaks in the region 1300-1400 cm(-1) when NOx is stored under lean conditions.
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| 10. |
- Fridell, Erik, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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NOx storage in barium-containing catalysts
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Catalysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9517 .- 1090-2694. ; 183:2, s. 196-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of key parameters on the characteristics of barium oxide-based NOx storage catalysts was systematically investigated. Model Pt/BaO/Al2O3, BaO/Al2O3, Pt–Rh/Al2O3, and Pt–Rh/BaO/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and evaluated with respect to NOx storage capacity using transient flow reactor studies, temperature-programmed desorption studies (TPD), and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy. The influence of temperature, storage and regeneration times, NOx source (NO or NO2), oxygen concentration, reducing agent (C3H6, C3H8, CO, or H2), and carbon dioxide concentration onNOx storage capacity was studied. Significant amounts of NOx were found to be stored in the catalysts containing both barium oxide and noble metals. For these catalysts the following observations were made: (1) maximum NOx storage was observed at about 380C;(2) around this temperature no significant differences between NO and NO2 on NOx storage capacity could be observed;(3) a slow increase in stored NOx could be observed with increasing oxygen concentration during the lean phase;(4) significant NOx desorption peaks, mainly of NO, were observed immediately after the switch from lean to rich conditions; and (5) at about 380±C the in situ FTIR spectra show characteristic nitrate peaks in the region 1300–1400 cm¡1 when NOx was stored under lean conditions and isocyanate peaks around 2230 cm-1 when the catalysts were regenerated under rich conditions in the presence of hydrocarbons. The step leading to stored NOx is believed to involve NO2 and the presence of atomic oxygen. During the rich period, the noble metal surfaces are probably reduced, leading to breakthrough peaks when NO desorbs.
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| 11. |
- Gabrielsson, Britt, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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High expression of complement components in omental adipose tissue in obese men.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Obesity research. - : Wiley. - 1071-7323 .- 1550-8528. ; 11:6, s. 699-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Accumulation of visceral fat is recognized as a predictor of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. Factors that are predominantly expressed in this depot could mediate the link between visceral obesity and associated diseases. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Paired subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from 10 obese men. Gene expression was analyzed by DNA microarrays in triplicate and by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum C3 and C4 were analyzed by radial immunodiffusion assays in 91 subjects representing a cross section of the general population. Body composition was measured by computerized tomography. RESULTS: Complement components C2, C3, C4, C7, and Factor B had higher expression in omental compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue ( approximately 2-, 4-, 17-, 10-, and 7-fold, respectively). In addition, adipsin, which belongs to the alternative pathway, and the classical pathway components C1QB, C1R, and C1S were expressed in both depots. Analysis of tissue distribution showed high expression of C2, C3, and C4 in omental adipose tissue, and only liver had higher expression of these genes. Serum C3 levels correlated with both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in both men (r = 0.65 and p < 0.001 and r = 0.52 and p < 0.001, respectively) and women (r = 0.34 and p = 0.023 and r = 0.49 and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas C4 levels correlated with only visceral fat in men (r = 0.36, p = 0.015) and with both depots in women (visceral: r = 0.58, p < 0.001; and subcutaneous: r = 0.51, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Recent studies show that the metabolic syndrome is associated with chronically elevated levels of several immune markers, some of which may have metabolic effects. The high expression of complement genes in intra-abdominal adipose tissue might suggest that the complement system is involved in the development of visceral adiposity and/or contributes to the metabolic complications associated with increased visceral fat mass.
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| 12. |
- Gharaie, Amirhossein, 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Exploring and Explaining the Ecosystem of Energy efficiency and Flexibility
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings EGOV-CeDEM-ePart. - Corvinus University of Budapest.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a framework that aims at exploring and explaining how an energyefficiency and flexibility ecosystem emerges. The framework builds on two theories, namelyinformation ecology theory and architectural theory of digital innovation. The framework isused in an initial test by using descriptive data from an organization working as an aggregatorin the energy market. From the combination of the theories and the initial test usingdescriptions from the aggregator case and its products and services in the context of energyefficiency and flexibility the potential of the framework is shown. It can be concluded thatthe framework has a potential to explore and explain the ecosystem of an aggregatorregarding energy efficiency and flexibility and by highlighting the four integration tasks;sharing, combining, standardizing, and multi-homing it can guide future development of aplatform ecosystem.
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| 13. |
- Gharaie, Amirhossein, 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the role of aggregators in the ecosystem of energy flexibility
- 2023
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Ingår i: Joint Proceedings of the BIR 2023 Workshops and Doctoral Consortiumco-located with 22nd International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research (BIR 2023). - : Technical University of Aachen.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to explore the role of aggregators in the energy flexibility ecosystem through the lens of an employed framework built on two theories: Information ecology theory and the architectural theory of digital innovation. The framework is initially tested using descriptive data from an organization working as an aggregator in the energy market. The potential of the framework is shown from a combination of these theories and an initial test using descriptions from the aggregator case and its products and services in the context of energy flexibility. By highlighting four integration tasks of sharing, combining, standardizing, and multi-homing, the framework has the potential to explore the role of aggregator within the flexibility ecosystem. This study concludes with three propositions regarding the interaction of the ecosystem actors and the role of aggregators in the creation of flexibility ecosystem that opens up avenues for future studies.
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| 14. |
- Granath, Malin, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The smart meter as a boundary object-insights from an empirical case
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) 2023. - Kristiansand, Norway : AIS eLibrary.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart meters are often understood as central devices in the smart, flexible and sustainable electric grid, enabling consumers to adapt their electricity use to current supply. In this study we are interested in how different actors in a Swedish context understand the smart meters and fit them into their locally situated practices and contexts, and we analyze the smart meters with the concept of boundary objects as an analytical lens with the purpose of describing and explaining tensions between actors in intended and actual use of smart meters. The case study builds on empirical material from policy documents, web pages and user forums, and include the Swedish government, authorities, grid operators and electricity suppliers as well as consumers. The main conclusions are that consumers were not included in the design and roll-out of the smart meters, resulting in that the available information requires consumers to be active and resourceful experts.
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| 15. |
- Johansson, Anders, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of wheel-rail contact and damage in switches & crossings
- 2011
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Ingår i: Wear. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1648 .- 1873-2577. ; 271:1-2, s. 472-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology for the simulation of degradation of rail profiles in switches & crossings (S&C) is presented. The methodology includes: simulation of dynamic vehicle-track interaction considering stochastic variations in input data (such as wheel profile, train speed and wheel-rail friction coefficient), simulation of wheel-rail contacts accounting for non-linear material properties and plasticity, and simulation of wear and plastic deformation in the rail during the life of the S&C component. The methodology is demonstrated by predicting the damage of a switch rail profile, manufactured from R260 steel, when exposed to freight traffic in the diverging route (facing move). In particular, the consequences of increasing the axle load from 25 tonnes to 30 tonnes are studied.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1963-
(författare)
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Deciding on Sourcing Option for Hosting of Software Applications in Organisations
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Software applications are of great importance in organisations, and performance of an organisation depends on how hosting of software applications are organised. This thesis deals with the question: Why and how organisations decide on specific sourcing options for software applications hosting. The thesis describes and explains sourcing decision-making processes made in the Swedish Post (MeLo) and Jönköpings Kommun (the municipality). MeLo’s sourcing decision resulted in outsourcing of hosting, and the municipality’s sourcing decision resulted in internal sourcing of hosting. Both organisations were distinguished by a decentralised structure to a great extent and showed a huge diversity in software applications used. The sourcing decisions resulted in a change to a more centralised hosting of software applications. The thesis is a retrospective case study based on semi-structured interviews and documents analysis. Concepts from the resource-based view and factors described in sourcing literature are used to analyse these sourcing decisions. From nine theoretical initial propositions 28 propositions are developed about why and how sourcing decisions are made. From these propositions, relations are described and some conclusions are presented about why and how sourcing decisions are made. The main conclusion is that maturity level regarding software applications usage seems to influences the start, the process as such, and the outcome of a sourcing decision-making process. This is explained as the more mature the organisation is regarding usage of software applications the more proactive decision-makers are in the sourcing decision. It is also identified that involved factors can be either influencing or justifying, and it is found that control of software applications usage influences the start of a sourcing decision to a high extent. The findings suggest that a sourcing decision-making process can be described as an irrational decision process that aims at increasing commitment on an already made decision. The study suggests that the less mature and more decentralised the organisation is the more reactive and the stronger influence the need to increase control over software applications have in a sourcing decision-making process.
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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How Professionals make Expert Decisions
- 2004
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Ingår i: How Professionals make Expert Decisions. - : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. - 0805844708 - 9780805844719 ; , s. -423
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This volume is the fruit of the 5th conference on Naturalistic Decision Making which focused on the importance of studying people who have some degree of expertise in the domain in which they make decisions. The substantive concerns pertain to how individuals and groups make decisions in professional and organizational settings, and to develop suitable methods for studying these questions rigorously. This volume appeals to practitioners in business and government, as well as academics and students who are interested in naturalistic decision making
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Offshore outsourcing : An IT-manager perspective on cultural differences
- 2019
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Ingår i: Joint Proceedings of the BIR 2019 Workshops and Doctoral Consortium co-located with 18th International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research (BIR 2019). - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 140-152
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cultural difference is a term often used when discussing problems in offshoring and offshore outsourcing, but only a few authors discuss solutions to bridge pointed out cultural gaps. In this paper earlier research is compared with an IT-manager perspective on experienced cultural differences. Cultural differences were found to include multiple dimensions: cultural distances, cognitive distances, language differences, time differences, individualism/collectivism, power distance, and activity/passivity. An in-depth interview with an IT-manager on a global company was conducted. From the interview, several cultural differences emerged. These differences also produce problems, identified both in earlier literature and in collected data. The common denominator among identified problems was a lack of communication in the offshore projects. The lack of communication can be explained by a high cultural distance which causes a negative impact on projects. To improve communication, clear communication structures and routines should be implemented. To bridge cultural gaps it is important to increase both parties understanding of the other’s culture
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| 20. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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SMART METERS AND DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT IN SMART GRIDS – EXPLORING CHALLENGES AND OUTLINING FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
- 2022
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Ingår i: ECIS 2022 PROCEEDINGS. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9781958200025
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research in progress paper explores smart meters and demand side management (DSM) challenges and how this is perceived by suppliers of smart grids. It builds on semi-structured interviews and a literature review showing that smart meters are a highly important, relevant, and interesting research topic. We identify a need to include knowledge on how to develop smart meter technology further as well as how to increase both supplier and energy user engagement and involvement in development of smart meters technology. Our research shows that there exist gaps between: policies, goals and expectations on one side and implementation and use of smart meters on the other side. Based on initial results we conclude that there is a need to explore DSM and smart meter technology further and to learn from a social-technical IS perspective to overcome a one-sided perspective, or even deterministic view, on technology.
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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What needs making Information Systems Integration successful in the case of Mergers and Acquisition
- 2023
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Ingår i: CENTERIS – International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems / ProjMAN – International Conference on Project MANagement / HCist – International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies 2022. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 619-625
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information system integration during merger and acquisition (M&A) is a critical process when organizations are joining. The integration process consisting of several crucial activities for making organizations being able to work together. Organizations need to evaluate internal and external factors in order to make the process work. In this paper we evaluated critical success factors, challenges and information systems (IS integration methods from interviews with employees in a case study to identify the most critical activities for a successful IS integration. The investigated process stretches from the introduction of the M&A to the actual integration of two organizations IT-stacks. The identified crucial activities found were top management support, organizational culture, importance of competence, internal communication, maintaining information system security, communication with end-users and managing legacy system. Evaluating these topics and creating a short and a long-term plan on how to integrate and work with these are essential to succeed with the IS integration in any M&A.
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Ingvor, et al.
(författare)
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Disturbed sleep, fatigue, anxiety and depression in myocardial infarction patients
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 9:3, s. 175-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Disturbed sleep has been linked to increased morbidity, mortality and depression and worsened health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness. Few studies of readjustment after coronary artery disease have explicitly focused on sleep disturbance. Aim: To explore associations between disturbed sleep, fatigue, anxiety and depression, and to assess to what extent fatigue four months post-MI could be explained. Method: The sample included 204 consecutive patients, ≤ 80 years of age who answered questionnaires about disturbed sleep, fatigue, anxiety and depression four months after MI. Results: The variables anxiety, depression and disturbed sleep were all associated with fatigue. The regression model accounted for 46% of the variance in fatigue with depression and disturbed sleep as predictors. Infarct size measured by conventional biochemical markers, left ventricle ejection fraction and history of previous MI were not correlated with disturbed sleep, fatigue, anxiety or depression. Conclusions: From knowledge about associations between disturbed sleep, fatigue, anxiety and depression after MI, cardiac nurses could be trained to observe such symptoms. Optimal care for sleep disturbance may include actions to reduce anxiety and depression as well as self-care advices about sleep hygiene in order to improve sleep quality and reduce fatigue. © 2009 European Society of Cardiology.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Johansson, Lars M., 1963-
(författare)
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Studies of the relationship between aid and trade and the fiscal implications of emigration and HIV/AIDS interventions
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of three studies; two on fiscal effects of demographic change and one on the correlation between international aid and trade flows. Fiscal Implications of Emigration. This study examines the fiscal effects of emigration. A dynamic macroeconomic framework is used. The net present value of the fiscal effects of different types of individuals' emigration decisions is calculated. Individuals are differentiated with relation to age, gender, education, being immigrants or born in Sweden and how long they choose to stay abroad in case of emigration. The study explores how the fiscal effects of emigration are contingent on these different personal characteristics and it is applied to the case of emigration from Sweden in 1998. The estimated aggregate fiscal cost is 0.62% of GDP. This cost is significantly larger than the cost of immigration. Fiscal Implications of AIDS in South Africa. In this paper, I study the fiscal implications of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa in a standard neoclassical growth model. I find that an antiretroviral program is to a large extent self financing. An improvement in dependency ratios and health care cost savings would pay for Rand 144 billion of a full epidemiological intervention. The indirect effect through the changing demographic structure will be more important than the direct health care cost saving effect. Tied Aid, Trade-Facilitating Aid or Trade-Diverting Aid? Donor aid is often regarded as being informally tied (aid increases donor-recipient exports). However, in this paper, using a gravity model, we show that aid is also positively associated with recipient-donor exports. That is, aid increases bilateral trade flows in both directions. Our interpretation is that an intensified aid relation reduces the effective cost of geographic distance. We find a particularly strong relation between aid in the form of technical assistance and exports in both directions.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Knutson Wedel, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Production Research - a Proposed Method to Design the Measures
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 18th CIRP International Confrence on Life Cycle Engineering, Braunschweig, 2011.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a process to develop and apply measures in Sustainable Production Research. Specifically we have: A) Conducted workshops with researchers and industry on sustainability measures and monitored sustainability awareness of the participants through concept maps. B) Developed a proposal for measures based on literature reviews, results from workshops and interviews with researchers. C) Developed a generic method for evaluating sustainability measures related to production over time. 16 sustainability measures were defined as a starting set for the continuous monitoring. Concept mapping showed that participant have an uneven view on sustainability with emphasis on technology.
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| 29. |
- Lindgren, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Why is it Difficult to Implement Robotic Process Automation? Empirical Cases from Swedish Municipalities
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT, EGOV 2022. - Cham : SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG. - 9783031150869 - 9783031150852 ; , s. 353-368
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish municipalities have been urged by policy makers to implement automation technologies to make administrative work more cost-efficient. As a response, a large set of municipalities have attempted to implement Robotic Process Automation (RPA) solutions with the intention to speed up administrative processes. However, although RPA has been promoted for several years, implementation has been limited and slow. This paper explores challenges related to RPA implementation experienced by three Swedish municipalities. We use an extensive interpretive case study as our empirical foundation, generated in collaboration with three Swedish municipalities, complemented with interviews with RPA consultants. Through interpretive analysis, we generate challenges along four themes. Our analysis shows that RPA implementation requires that different organizational sub-units and stakeholders cooperate. Challenges arise from: initiating RPA top-down without bottom-up support; insufficient process- and IT-competence; dependence on individual enthusiasts and external RPA consultants; and subsequent difficulties in finding the right processes to automate. Our study contributes with empirical illustrations of how RPA implementation is made difficult by current organizational structures and resources. We confirm and further contribute to previous findings by pointing to multiple dimensions in which challenges can arise.
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| 30. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Condition Monitoring of Railway Crossing Geometry via Measured and Simulated Track Responses
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 22:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents methods for continuous condition monitoring of railway switches and crossings (S&C, turnout) via sleeper-mounted accelerometers at the crossing transition. The methods are developed from concurrently measured sleeper accelerations and scanned crossing geometries from six in situ crossing panels. These measurements combined with a multi-body simulation (MBS) model with a structural track model and implemented scanned crossing geometries are used to derive the link between the crossing geometry condition and the resulting track excitation. From this analysis, a crossing condition indicator Cλ1-λ2,γ is proposed. The indicator is defined as the root mean square (RMS) of a track response signal γ that has been band-passed between frequencies corresponding to track deformation wavelength bounds of λ1 and λ2 for the vehicle passing speed (f = v/ λ). In this way, the indicator ignores the quasi-static track response with wavelengths pre-dominantly above λ1 and targets the dynamic track response caused by the kinematic wheel-cross-ing interaction governed by the crossing geometry. For the studied crossing panels, the indicator C1-0.2 m,γ (λ1 = 1 and λ2 = 0.2) was evaluated for γ = u, v, or a as in displacements, velocities, and accelerations, respectively. It is shown that this condition indicator has a strong correlation with vertical wheel–rail contact forces that is sustained for various track conditions. Further, model calibrations were performed to measured sleeper displacements for the six investigated crossing panels. The calibrated models show (1) a good agreement between measured and simulated sleeper displacements for the lower frequency quasi-static track response and (2) improved agreement for the dynamic track response at higher frequencies. The calibration also improved the agreement between measurements and simulation for the crossing condition indicator demonstrating the value of model calibration for condition monitoring purposes.
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| 31. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration of a Digital Twin Framework for Model-Based Operational Condition Monitoring of Crossing Panels
- 2022
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2195-4356 .- 2195-4364. ; , s. 95-105
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wheel transition area in railway crossings is subjected to impact loads that cause an accumulation of structural degradation in crossing panels over time. This degradation leads to high maintenance costs and possibly traffic disturbances. There is therefore a demand from infrastructure managers to monitor the condition and predict maintenance needs for these assets without the need for regular on-site inspections. One solution for operational condition monitoring is to observe the structural response of the crossing under traffic loading via embedded accelerometers. From these measurements, relative changes in track dynamics over time can be observed. To derive a condition or predict maintenance needs, however, these measured accelerations need to be related to the status of the asset. A framework for this where measurement data, simulation models and maintenance history are combined to build an online model that can assess the status and predict future maintenance needs for a material asset is often called a Digital Twin. This paper will present a Digital Twin framework that uses measured accelerations, climate data, scanned running surface geometry and a multi-body simulation (MBS) model to estimate the status and degradation rate of crossing panels. Method developments for this framework are demonstrated for two in situ crossings.
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| 32. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Inverse wheel–rail contact force and crossing irregularity identification from measured sleeper accelerations – A model-based Green's function approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - 1095-8568 .- 0022-460X. ; 589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel model-based method for railway Crossing Panel Condition Monitoring (CPCM) is presented. Based on sleeper accelerations measured during wheel crossing transitions and knowledge of the crossing panel design, it is shown that it is possible to identify the ballast stiffness properties, vertical wheel–rail contact forces and vertical relative wheel–rail displacement trajectories (crossing irregularities) in the crossing panel. The method uses a multibody dynamics simulation model with a finite element representation of the track structure for evaluation of the dynamic interaction between vehicle and crossing panel. Considering the low-frequency domain where the sleeper response is not significantly affected by the influence of the irregularity due to the designed (and current state of the) crossing and wing rail geometry, the ballast condition is identified via a calibration of the distribution of ballast stiffness in the finite element model. This enables ballast stiffness identification without a priori knowledge of the crossing geometry. From the reconstructed track displacements, the wheel–rail contact forces are identified by solving an inverse problem formulated using the Green's Kernel Function Method (GKFM) that provides a direct link between the track excitation forces and the track response. Further, the irregularity induced by the crossing and wing rail geometry is estimated by taking the difference between the wheel and rail displacements during the crossing transition computed from the identified wheel–rail contact forces. By monitoring the evolving irregularity, the degradation of the crossing rails over time can be assessed. The method is verified and validated using concurrently measured sleeper accelerations and laser scanned crossing geometries from six crossing panels in situ.
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| 33. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Model-Based Remote Health Monitoring of Ballast Conditions in Railway Crossing Panels
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2366-2565 .- 2366-2557. ; 253 LNCE, s. 502-512
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Railway crossing panels accumulate damage due to impact loads induced in the wheel transition area. To reduce the need for labour-intensive visual inspections of crossing panels, railway administrations are evaluating solutions for remote health monitoring. One such solution is to measure the track response that follow from the wheel–crossing impact using embedded accelerometers mounted on the sleeper at the crossing transition. The challenge that remains is to determine the health of the asset from these measured signals. In this paper, a procedure is developed to identify the ballast condition under a crossing panel via the calibration of a multibody simulation model to measurement data. This model considers the complex wheel–rail interaction in the crossing transition area, while also capturing the dynamic response of the track using a Finite Element representation of the track structure. The calibration procedure has been developed using data from six in situ crossing panels where the crossing geometry and the track response are known via laser-scanned crossing geometries and measured accelerations. Parameters associated with the physical state of the ballast are identified by minimizing the least-squares discrepancy between the measured track response and the corresponding response from simulations of dynamic vehicle–track interaction. The utilised ballast parameterization has been motivated from sensitivity analysis to ensure that each parameter has a clear and observable influence on the track response. The performance of the developed calibration procedure is demonstrated and its suitability for implementation in condition monitoring solutions is discussed.
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| 34. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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On tailored signal processing tools for operational condition monitoring of railway switches and crossings
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ISMA 2020 - International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering and USD 2020 - International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics. ; , s. 2639-2653
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Railway switches and crossings (S&C, turnout) connect different track sections and create a railway network by allowing for trains to change between tracks. This functionality comes at a cost, however, as load-inducing rail discontinuities in the switch and crossing panels cause much larger degradation rates for S&C compared to regular track. As there are hundreds of thousands of S&C in Europe, railway administrators are interested to advance solutions for reliable and resilient maintenance of these assets via remote condition monitoring. One such solution is to measure accelerations using embedded sensors mounted on the sleeper that lies underneath the crossing transition. With the adoption of this solution, this paper addresses the development of tailored signal processing tools for specifically analysing and evaluating the given acceleration signals. In particular, the methodology addresses both temporal and frequency characteristics of measured accelerations, and their integration to displacements. In this work, measured accelerations from 41 train passages and two different crossing panels have been used.
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| 35. |
- Milosevic, Marko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstruction of sleeper displacements from measured accelerations for model-based condition monitoring of railway crossing panels
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-3270 .- 1096-1216. ; 192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Railway switches and crossings (S&C, turnouts) connect different track sections and create a railway network by allowing trains to change tracks. This functionality comes at a cost as the load-inducing rail discontinuities in the switch and crossing panels cause much larger degradation rates for S&C compared to regular plain line tracks. The high degradation rates make remote condition monitoring an interesting prospect for infrastructure managers to optimise maintenance and ensure safe operations. To this end, this paper addresses the development of tailored signal processing tools for condition monitoring using embedded accelerometers in crossing panels. Multibody simulations of the dynamic train–track interaction are used to aid the interpretation of the measured signals in a first step towards building a model-based condition monitoring system. An analysis is performed using sleeper acceleration measurement data generated by 100 000 train passages in eight crossing panels. Based on the given data, a novel frequency-domain displacement reconstruction method is developed and the robustness of the method with respect to encountered operational variability of the measured data is demonstrated. The separation of the track response into quasi-static and dynamic domains based on deformation wavelength regions is proposed as a promising strategy to observe the ballast condition and the crossing geometry condition, respectively.
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| 36. |
- Moonen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of lung volume reduction surgery on distribution of ventilation and perfusion
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. ; 25:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) results in functional improvements in most patients. The mechanisms behind the improvements are not clear. We hypothesized that reduced inequalities in ventilation to perfusion ratio (V/Q) may be a contributing explanation. Nine patients who underwent LVRS were investigated by ventilation and perfusion scintigrams before and after surgery. In addition, 8 healthy subjects were investigated once. The relative ventilation, perfusion and V/Q were calculated in 1 x 1 cm lung elements. Normal range of the element count-rate was determined by the corresponding results in the normal subjects. Results of this small study show a significant effect of LVRS on V/Q, with reduction of shunt-like elements. We conclude that the functional improvement after LVRS to some extent may be explained by decreased V/Q inequality.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Nyholm, Tufve, et al.
(författare)
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A national approach for automated collection of standardized and population-based radiation therapy data in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 119:2, s. 344-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To develop an infrastructure for structured and automated collection of interoperable radiation therapy (RT) data into a national clinical quality registry. Materials and methods: The present study was initiated in 2012 with the participation of seven of the 15 hospital departments delivering RT in Sweden. A national RT nomenclature and a database for structured unified storage of RT data at each site (Medical Information Quality Archive, MIQA) have been developed. Aggregated data from the MIQA databases are sent to a national RT registry located on the same IT platform (INCA) as the national clinical cancer registries. Results: The suggested naming convention has to date been integrated into the clinical workflow at 12 of 15 sites, and MIQA is installed at six of these. Involvement of the remaining 3/15 RT departments is ongoing, and they are expected to be part of the infrastructure by 2016. RT data collection from ARIA (R), Mosaiq (R), Eclipse (TM), and Oncentra (R) is supported. Manual curation of RT-structure information is needed for approximately 10% of target volumes, but rarely for normal tissue structures, demonstrating a good compliance to the RT nomenclature. Aggregated dose/volume descriptors are calculated based on the information in MIQA and sent to INCA using a dedicated service (MIQA2INCA). Correct linkage of data for each patient to the clinical cancer registries on the INCA platform is assured by the unique Swedish personal identity number. Conclusions: An infrastructure for structured and automated prospective collection of syntactically inter operable RT data into a national clinical quality registry for RT data is under implementation. Future developments include adapting MIQA to other treatment modalities (e.g. proton therapy and brachytherapy) and finding strategies to harmonize structure delineations. How the RT registry should comply with domain-specific ontologies such as the Radiation Oncology Ontology (ROO) is under discussion.
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| 40. |
- Paulsson, Victoria, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Cloud ERP systems architectural challenges on cloud adoption in large international organizations : A sociomaterial perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier. - 1877-0509. ; 219, s. 797-806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This combined literature review and case employs a sociomaterial perspective to explore architectural challenges and countermeasures that BioOrganism, the case company, should consider in a decision to adopt a cloud enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. The case has experiences with an on-premises model, but not the cloud model per se. The study is designed with an element of case to provide a solid backdrop toward the sociomaterial perspective, which focuses on a reciprocal enactment between the cloud ERP systems architecture and the BioOrganism contextual surrounding. Six architecture challenges were identified: (1) data security, (2) data privacy, (3) network dependency, (4) system mobility, (5) vendor lock-in, and (6) scalability. Countermeasures that BioOrganism, and other large international organizations of similar nature, can take to mitigate risks from the six challenges are presented in the review.
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| 41. |
- Rajaguru, Shashini, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Smart Meters : What We Know and What We Need to Know
- 2023
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Ingår i: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research. - Ascoli Piceno, Italy : Springer. - 9783031431258 - 9783031431265 ; , s. 105-120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementation of smart meters is revolutionizing traditional energy grids, promoting energy efficiency, and enabling two-way communication between energy suppliers and consumers. This paper presents a scoping review of smart meters investigating functional and non-functional expectations, benefits, drawbacks, and factors influencing implementation of smart meters. The study aims at providing an overview of existing research in this area and identify gaps and limitations in literature, especially in between smart meter literature and how consumers perceive smart meters. Through a scoping review process, 16 articles were selected for analysis. The findings highlight the importance of real-time information, remote monitoring, accuracy, privacy, and security in smart meter functionality. The benefits encompass improved customer awareness, energy efficiency, and grid stability, while the drawbacks include privacy concerns and limitations in current standards. Factors influencing adoption include cost-benefit analysis, regulatory policies, consumer awareness, and technical considerations. The study reveals research gaps related to long-term performance, social and psychological factors, diverse consumer segments, privacy and data security, economic viability, regional contexts, and stakeholder dynamics. Addressing these gaps will contribute to maximizing benefits of smart meters, informing policymakers, utility companies, and researchers for effective strategies in energy management and sustainability. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and underscores the need to understand consumers’ perspectives on smart meters.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Starkhammar Johansson, Carin, 1963-
(författare)
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Periodontitis and coronary artery disease : Studies on the association between periodontitis and coronary artery disease
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Periodontitis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are highly prevalent in Sweden’s population; both diseases have complicated pathogeneses and clinical manifestations due to immune-system triggered inflammation. Research in recent years reported that inflammation is a significant active participant in many chronic diseases. The literature described a CAD-periodontitis association, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. It is important to acquire knowledge about how periodontitis might influence CAD, which is one of the major causes of illness and death in western countries. Because periodontitis can be treated, this knowledge, when complemented with more knowledge about the CAD-periodontitis association, could lead to CAD prevention.The overall aim of studies reported in this thesis were to investigate the CAD-periodontitis association, and specifically, to: (i) compare periodontal conditions in patients with CAD and subjects without a history of CAD; (ii) study whether or not periodontal status influences outcomes in known CAD over an 8-year period; (iii) study whether or not concentrations and biological activity of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in serum from patients with severe CAD are different – depending on whether or not the subjects had periodontitis; and (iv) study concentrations and biological activity of hepatocyte growth factor in serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid in healthy subjects with or without periodontitis. Here is a brief summary:In study I, 161 patients with CAD and 162 controls were compared regarding periodontal disease prevalence and severity. CAD patients had significant coronary stenosis and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery by-pass grafts (CABG). Healthy controls were recruited from Sweden’s population database. Twenty-five per cent of the CAD patients had severe periodontitis, compared to 8% of the controls. In a multiple logistic regression analysis (controlled for age and smoking), severe periodontitis indicated an odds ratio of 5.74 (2.07–15.90) for CAD.Study II: Periodontal status was re-examined in 126 CAD patients and 121 controls from the initial sample after 8 years. Periodontal status at baseline was analysed and related to CAD endpoints (i.e., myocardial infarction, new PCI or CABG or death due to CAD) recorded from patients’ medical records and from the death index maintained by the National Board of Health and Welfare. The difference in periodontitis prevalence and severity between the two groups remained unchanged during the 8-year follow up. No significant differences were found regarding CAD endpoints during follow-up in relation to baseline periodontal status in the CAD-patient group.In study III, higher HGF serum concentrations (p<0.001) were found in CAD patients, compared to healthy blood donors, which reflects chronic inflammation. In CAD patients without periodontitis, HGF concentrations increased significantly 24 hours after PCI – in parallel with increased HGF biological activity. In CAD patients with periodontitis, only small fluctuations were seen in HGF values, i.e., concentration and biological activity. HGF biological activity was temporarily elevated after PCI but only in patients without periodontitis. Thus chronic inflammation related to periodontitis might reduce HGF biological activity.In study IV, HGF concentration and biological activity in saliva, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and serum were compared between 30 generally healthy subjects with severe untreated periodontitis and 30 healthy subjects without periodontitis. Compared to periodontally healthy controls, periodontal patients showed higher HGF concentrations in saliva p<0.001, gingival crevicular fluid p<0.0001, and in serum p<0.001. HGF biological activity (measured as the binding affinity to its HSPG and c-MET receptors) was significantly reduced in saliva (p<0.0001) and GCF samples (p<0.0001 for HSPG and p<0.01 for c-MET) from periodontitis patients. The only significant difference in serum samples was an increases in c-MET binding three minutes after subgingival debridement in periodontitis patients (p<0.05), which might reflect that patients had active bursts of periodontitis.In conclusion, CAD patients more often showed severe periodontitis but there were no differences in CAD endpoints during the eight-year follow-up in relation to baseline periodontal status. Periodontitis seems to influence HGF concentration and biological activity in CAD patients, but studies on factors that cause lower HGF biological activity are necessary – to find out if periodontal treatment influences HGF biological activity. Healthy periodontitis patients had higher HGF concentrations locally and systemically, but biological activity was reduced. This might indicate that periodontitis can influence wound healing and tissue repair in other body parts.
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| 44. |
- Söderström, Fredrik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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AUTOMATION AS MIGRATION? : IDENTIFYING FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF RPA IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is part of a research project that investigates and provides guidance regarding the adoption and implications of automation in the Swedish local government. Automation technologies, such as Robotic Process Automation (RPA), are well established in the private and the public sector. In this paper, we discuss whether the adoption of RPA can be seen as migration towards automation. The aim is to evaluate the Push-Pull-Mooring (PPM) framework to understand better what factors influence local government adoption. By analysing RPA suppliers, RPA developers, and local government representatives' perspectives, we have identified push, pull, and mooring factors potentially influencing the decision to adopt, i.e., accepting or rejecting RPA. We, therefore, argue that the PPM framework seems to be a fruitful way of researching factors influencing the adoption of automation and the concept of automation as migration further.
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| 45. |
- Wennerås, Christine, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Distinct Inflammatory Mediator Patterns Characterize Infectious and Sterile Systemic Inflammation in Febrile Neutropenic Hematology Patients
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Invasive infections and sterile tissue damage can both give rise to systemic inflammation with fever and production of inflammatory mediators. This makes it difficult to diagnose infections in patients who are already inflamed, e.g. due to cell and tissue damage. For example, fever in patients with hematological malignancies may depend on infection, lysis of malignant cells, and/or chemotherapy-induced mucosal damage. We hypothesized that it would be possible to distinguish patterns of inflammatory mediators characterizing infectious and non-infectious causes of inflammation, respectively. Analysis of a broad range of parameters using a multivariate method of pattern recognition was done for this purpose. Methods: In this prospective study, febrile (>38 degrees C) neutropenic patients (n = 42) with hematologic malignancies were classified as having or not having a microbiologically defined infection by an infectious disease specialist. In parallel, blood was analyzed for 116 biomarkers, and 23 clinical variables were recorded for each patient. Using O-PLS (orthogonal projection to latent structures), a model was constructed based on these 139 variables that could separate the infected from the non-infected patients. Non-discriminatory variables were discarded until a final model was reached. Finally, the capacity of this model to accurately classify a validation set of febrile neutropenic patients (n = 10) as infected or non-infected was tested. Results: A model that could segregate infected from non-infected patients was achieved based on discrete differences in the levels of 40 variables. These variables included acute phase proteins, cytokines, measures of coagulation, metabolism, organ stress and iron turn-over. The model correctly identified the infectious status of nine out of ten subsequently recruited febrile neutropenic hematology patients. Conclusions: It is possible to separate patients with infectious inflammation from those with sterile inflammation based on inflammatory mediator patterns. This strategy could be developed into a decision-making tool for diverse clinical applications.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Österlund, Lars, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Model studies of NOx storage
- 1999
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Ingår i: 8th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA’99) in Sevilla, Spain, October, 4-8, 1999.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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