| 1. |
- Davidsson, Kent, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Potassium, chlorine, and sulfur in ash, particles, deposits, and corrosion during wood combustion in a circulating fluidized-bed boiler
- 2007
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5029 .- 0887-0624. ; 21:1, s. 71-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the addition of chlorine and/or sulfur to the fuel on fly ash composition, deposit formation, and superheater corrosion has been studied during biomass combustion in a circulating fluidized-bed boiler. The chlorine (HCl (aq)) and sulfur (SO2 (g)) were added in proportions of relevance for the potassium chemistry. The composition of the bottom and the fly ashes was analyzed. Gas and particle measurements were performed downstream of the cyclone before the convection pass and the flue gas composition was recorded in the stack with a series of standard instruments and an FTIR analyzer. At the position downstream of the cyclone, a deposit probe was situated, simulating a superheater tube. Deposits on the probe and initial corrosion were examined. It is concluded that addition of sulfur and chlorine increases the formation of submicron particles leading to deposition of potassium sulfate and chloride. The results compare well with earlier work based on laboratory-scale experiments concerning effects of chlorine and sulfur on potassium chemistry.
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| 2. |
- Ahlman, Håkan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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En "ny" tumörmarkör.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Klinisk Kemi i Norden, 8.. - Göteborg. ; , s. 45-52
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Caesar, C., et al.
(författare)
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Beyond the neutron drip line: The unbound oxygen isotopes O-25 and O-26
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993 .- 0556-2813. ; 88:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The very neutron-rich oxygen isotopes O-25 and O-26 are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The unbound states are populated in an experiment performed at the R3B-LAND setup at GSI via proton-knockout reactions from F-26 and F-27 at relativistic energies around 442 and 414 MeV/nucleon, respectively. From the kinematically complete measurement of the decay into O-24 plus one or two neutrons, the O-25 ground-state energy and width are determined, and upper limits for the O-26 ground-state energy and lifetime are extracted. In addition, the results provide indications for an excited state in O-26 at around 4 MeV. The experimental findings are compared to theoretical shell-model calculations based on chiral two- and three-nucleon (3N) forces, including for the first time residual 3N forces, which are shown to be amplified as valence neutrons are added.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Dalmo, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Priming increases the anti-tumor effect and therapeutic window of 177Lu-octreotate in nude mice bearing human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor GOT1.
- 2017
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Ingår i: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2191-219X. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: 177Lu-[DOTA0, Tyr3]-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) is used for treatment of patients with somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expressing neuroendocrine tumors. However, complete tumor remission is rarely seen, and optimization of treatment protocols is needed. In vitro studies have shown that irradiation can up-regulate the expression of SSTR1, 2 and 5, and increase 177Lu-octreotate uptake. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-tumor effect of a 177Lu-octreotate priming dose followed 24 h later by a second injection of 177Lu-octreotate compared to a single administration of 177Lu-octreotate, performed on the human small intestine neuroendocrine tumor cell line, GOT1, transplanted to nude mice. RESULTS: Priming resulted in a 1.9 times higher mean absorbed dose to the tumor tissue per administered activity, together with a reduced mean absorbed dose for kidneys. Priming gave the best overall anti-tumor effects. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no statistically significant difference in tumor response between treatment with and without priming. Gene expression analysis demonstrated effects on cell cycle regulation. Biological processes associated with apoptotic cell death were highly affected in the biodistribution and dosimetry study, via differential regulation of, e.g., APOE, BAX, CDKN1A, and GADD45A. CONCLUSIONS: Priming had the best overall anti-tumor effects and also resulted in an increased therapeutic window. Results indicate that potential biomarkers for tumor regrowth may be found in the p53 or JNK signaling pathways. Priming administration is an interesting optimization strategy for 177Lu-octreotate therapy of neuroendocrine tumors, and further studies should be performed to determine the mechanisms responsible for the reported effects.
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| 9. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study : objectives and design
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 278:6, s. 645-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.
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| 10. |
- Fjälling, M, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic radionuclide therapy using indium-111-DTPA-D-Phe1-octreotide in midgut carcinoid syndrome.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505. ; 37:9, s. 1519-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 55-yr-old woman with a midgut carcinoid syndrome due to metastatic spread of an ileal tumor to the liver, paraortic and mediastinal lymph nodes and to the skeleton was given systemic radionuclide therapy with 111In-DTPA-D-Phe1-octreotide. Before therapy, dosimetric calculations were performed on whole-body scintigraphs and 111In retention was shown to be long-lasting. Excretion was mainly seen during the first 24 hr after injection; thereafter whole-body retention remained stationary at 30%. Indium-111 activity in tumor biopsies and blood was measured using a gamma counter. Very high tumor-to-blood ratios were obtained: 150 for the primary tumor and 400-650 for liver metastases, which further justified radiation therapy. Indium-111-DTPA-D-Phe1-octreotide treatment was given on three separate occasions (3.0, 3.5 and 3.1 GBq) 8 and 4 wk apart. After each therapy, the patient experienced facial flush and pain over the skeletal lesions followed by symptomatic relief, even though no objective tumor regression was found radiologically after 5 mo. After initiation of octreotide treatment, there was a 14% reduction of the main tumor marker, urinary 5-HIAA. After three subsequent radionuclide therapies, there was a further 31% reduction of 5-HIAA levels. No adverse reactions, other than a slight decrease in leukocyte counts, were seen. The mean absorbed radiation dose after the three treatments was estimated to be about 10-12 Gy in liver metastases and 3-6 Gy in other tumors, depending on the size and location of the metastases. Assuming internalization of 111In into tumor cells and a radiobiological effect from short range Auger and conversion electrons, there might be a therapeutic effect on the tumor.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Andreas, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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DYNAMICS OF IN-FURNACE PROCESSES IN A CFB BOILER
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds. - 7506274426 ; , s. 159-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the aim of understanding the dynamics of combustion, this work examines simultaneous fluctuations in fluid dynamic parameters and gas composition in a CFB furnace operated with coal as a fuel. Fluid dynamic parameters are pressure and air flow to the furnace. Gas composition was obtained by a zirconia-cell probe and a gas suction probe connected to a mass spectrometer having a high time resolution (10 Hz). The fluctuations of interest are around 1 Hz and below 0.3 Hz. The fluctuations below 0.3 Hz, which have not been investigated previously, are found to originate from irregularities in the fuel feed. These irregularities give rise to periods of reducing conditions because high inputs of fuel yield an increased pressure in the furnace and a decreased air feed to the furnace, which then occurs concurrent with the release of a high amount of volatiles. There is also a correlation between reducing conditions and the concentration of hydrocarbons.
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| 13. |
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| 16. |
- Johansson, Bo, 1957-
(författare)
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Design and implementation of a clinical decision support system based on open standards.
- 2001
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Ingår i: AMIA2001,2001. - Washington : Hanley & Belfus Inc. - 1560535369
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the design of a clinical decision support system (DSS) that applies open standards such as HTTP, XML, ODBC, and Arden Syntax. We use the SOAP protocol in the DSS interface for events and actions to get a message-based, asynchronous communication based on open Internet standards. Preliminary results have shown that the proposed DSS interfaces facilitate a straightforward implementation process in a clinical laboratory.
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| 17. |
- Johansson, Bo, 1957-
(författare)
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Medical decision support systems based on the Arden Syntax in the clinical laboratory
- 1994
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Decision Support Systems (DSSs) are computer systems that permit explicit representation of knowledge and can execute a computer program that uses the knowledge to assist in the decision process. A clinical DSS uses both clinical data and medical knowledge to help health professionals make clinical decisions. Developing a DSS can be a costly and time-consuming task. Sharing of knowledge can decrease costs and development time and therefore increase the use of DSSs in clinical practice.Arden Syntax is a standard specification for defining and sharing modular health knowledge bases among information systems and institutions. The medical knowledge is written as independent Medical Logic Modules (MLMs) and the scope of the standard is to facilitate sharing of knowledge.In this thesis a method is presented where medical knowledge, based on the Arden Syntax, is interpreted and used in a DSS. Furthermore, software tools for handling the MLMs in a computer are presented together with a system architecture for building a clinical DSS. Implementation of a DSS prototype, based on the presented method and tools, is demonstrated in a clinical laboratory environment.
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Bo, 1957-
(författare)
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Methods, design and development of clinical decision support systems based on the Arden syntax : with applications in the clinical laboratory
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Decision Support Systems (DSSs) are computer systems that permit explicit representation of knowledge and can execute a computer program that uses the knowledge to assist in the decision process. A clinical DSS uses both clinical data and medical knowledge to help health professionals make clinical decisions. Developing a DSS can be a costly and time-consuming task. Sharing of knowledge can decrease costs and development time and therefore increase the use of DSSs in clinical practice. One of the most important categories of DSSs in medicine is data driven systems where the knowledge base is linked to a clinical database. Methods that support knowledge base-database mapping are necessary when developing clinical DSSs.Arden Syntax is a standard specification for defining and sharing modular health knowledge bases among inflamation systems and institutions. The medical knowledge is written as independent Medical Logic Modules (MLMs) and the scope of the standard is to facilitate sharing of knowledge.In this thesis methods for implementing DSSs based on the Arden Syntax are described. Furthermore, DSS development tools and a system architecture for building clinical DSSs are presented, and design aspects such as database access, system validation, and platform independence are discussed. Clinical laboratory applications, where the DSS is integrated with an existing laboratory infotmation system for use in real time validation and interpretation of laboratory data, are implemented and evaluated. Since the DSS performs tasks that used to be done manually, such as retrieving the patients' previous test results, the system not only increases laboratory services but may also enhance diagnostic proficiency and save time. This experience has led to a search for other areas within the laboratory where a DSS can be both clinically valuable and cost-effective.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Linda S., et al.
(författare)
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Properties of Particles in the Fly Ash of a Biofuel-Fired Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler
- 2008
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. ; 22:5, s. 3015-3015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A quench/dilution probe was designed and used for sampling of particles and vapors in the flue gas upstream of the convective path in a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Downstream of the convective path, flue gas was sampled by a heated probe. The sampled gas was lead through low-pressure impactors for analysis of the mass size distribution of particles. The particles were analyzed for Cl, S, K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Al, Fe, Ba, Mn, and Si. A series of tests was carried out to study minimization of problems originating from the alkali content in the fuel, including the effect of additives to the fuel, change of bed material, and co-combustion with sewage sludge. Particle concentration and composition were compared to deposit growth and composition on a deposit probe, which represents a superheater. Alkali chloride in the particles was compared to online measurements of gaseous alkali chlorides. The continuous mass deposition on the heat-transfer surface in the convective path was illustrated by calculation of the reduction of heat transfer by means of the temperature drop of the flue gas. Fine particles ( 1 μm) particles increased. These test cases also showed the lowest deposit growth on the superheater probe. The particles deposited in the convective path were mostly coarse ones. The most favorable case with respect to low deposits was co-combustion with sewage sludge.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Nilsson, Ola, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis: a model for gastric carcinoid formation.
- 1992
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Ingår i: The Yale journal of biology and medicine. - 0044-0086. ; 65:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gastric carcinoid tumors of Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis have been reviewed with respect to histogenesis, development, biochemistry, and morphological properties. Multicentric gastric carcinoids frequently develop in the oxyntic mucosa of aging Mastomys. The development of these tumors can be significantly enhanced by drug-induced hypergastrinemia, e.g., histamine2-receptor blockade. Spontaneous and drug-induced gastric carcinoids are endocrine in nature, as evidenced by their argyrophilic staining properties and chromogranin A content. They are also rich in histidine decarboxylase activity and produce large amounts of histamine, although other hormones, such as peptide YY and enteroglucagon, have also been demonstrated in these tumors. Ultrastructurally, gastric carcinoids are composed of tumor cells with typical secretory granules resembling those of enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. A close examination of the gastric carcinoids in Mastomys reveals striking similarities with gastric carcinoids developing in humans suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis type A or from the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in combination with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). Both these conditions are associated with hypergastrinemia and a higher risk for developing multi-centric gastric carcinoids of ECL-cell origin. The Mastomys tumor model therefore appears to be a significant experimental model in which induction and formation of gastric carcinoid tumors can be studied.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Wängberg, Bo, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Survival of patients with disseminated midgut carcinoid tumors after aggressive tumor reduction.
- 1996
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Ingår i: World journal of surgery. - 0364-2313. ; 20:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-four consecutive patients with disseminated midgut carcinoids were treated during an 8-year period according to a single clinical protocol aimed at aggressive tumor reduction by surgery alone or with subsequent hepatic artery embolization. All patients had markedly elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels (581 +/- 79 micromol/24 h) and hormonal symptoms. Fourteen patients (22%) reached anatomic and biochemical cure by surgery alone. At follow-up, the mean 5-HIAA levels were still normal after 69.0 +/- 6. 2 months; two patients had died from unrelated causes. With the introduction of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, subclinical disease was diagnosed in 7 of these 14 patients. Forty patients with bilobar hepatic disease underwent embolization in combination with octreotide. In this group, 5-HIAA levels were still reduced by 55% after 71 +/- 11 months of follow-up, and the 5-year survival was 56%, estimated from the total death hazard function. After embolization, two subgroups could be identified with marked differences in their long-term response to treatment. Ten patients were not embolized owing to complicating diseases. The 5-year survival for the entire series was 58%. A significantly increased risk of cardiovascular deaths was seen, which underlines the importance of total survival analysis in a disease with multiple hormonal effects. It is concluded that an active surgical approach must be recommended to patients with the midgut carcinoid syndrome. In patients with bilobar hepatic disease, embolization combined with octreotide treatment markedly reduced the 5-HIAA excretion and suggested a prolonged 5-year survival.
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| 25. |
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