| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 3. |
- Bergkvist, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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General health, symptom occurrence, and self-efficacy in adult survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation : a cross-sectional comparison between hospital care and home care
- 2015
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 23:5, s. 1273-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Earlier studies have shown that home care during the neutropenic phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is medically safe, with positive outcomes. However, there have been few results on long-term outcomes after home care. The aims of this study were to compare general health, symptom occurrence, and self-efficacy in adult survivors who received either home care or hospital care during the early neutropenic phase after allo-HSCT and to investigate whether demographic or medical variables were associated with general health or symptom occurrence in this patient population.METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey, 117 patients (hospital care: n = 78; home care: n = 39) rated their general health (SF-36), symptom occurrence (SFID-SCT, HADS), and self-efficacy (GSE) at a median of 5 (1-11) years post-HSCT.RESULTS: No differences were found regarding general health, symptom occurrence, or self-efficacy between groups. The majority of patients in both hospital care (77 %) and home care (78 %) rated their general health as "good" with a median of 14 (0-36) current symptoms. Symptoms of fatigue and sexual problems were among the most common. Poor general health was associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), low self-efficacy, and cord blood stem cells. A high symptom occurrence was associated with female gender, acute GVHD, and low self-efficacy.CONCLUSIONS: No long-term differences in general health and symptom occurrence were observed between home care and hospital care. Thus, home care is an alternative treatment method for patients who for various reasons prefer this treatment option. We therefore encourage other centers to offer home care to patients.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Patrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad 2020De kommande 15 åren står institutionen för Bygg- och miljöteknik inför stora förändringar. Därför har institutionen initierat projektet Framtidsbilder 2020 där man engagerat en framtidspanel bestående av elva yngre disputerade forskare. Arbetet inleddes med ett breddgruppsmöte där 110 personer representerande institutionens personal och studenter deltog. Vid mötet identifierades ett antal trender och osäkra utvecklingar som påverkar framtiden inom samhällsbyggnadsområdet. Deltagarna bidrog också med idéer till en önskvärd utveckling, vilket har sammanställts och utgör grunden till en gemensam önskvärd framtid/vision för institutionen. Materialet från breddgruppsmötet har bearbetats av Framtidspanelen och resulterat i fyra scenarier som beskriver hur samhällsbyggnadsområdet kan se ut år 2020. Syftet med framtidsbilderna är att de ska vara vägledande för institutionens beslut och förhållningssätt under de kommande åren.Fyra scenarierTurning TorsoSamhället präglas av en ekonomi som är på uppgång, och av ett nytänkande och öppet samhälle. Materiell status och individualism är viktigt. Detta leder till en hög arbetsbelastning samt krav på exklusiva varor av hög kvali-tet. Det finns en stor medvetenhet om miljöpåverkan och klimatförändringar och lösningarna för att klara energiförsörjningen är innovativa.Eco-metropolenDet sveper en grön våg genom dagens samhälle. Under de senaste 15 åren har vi insett att jorden skall vara en bebolig plats även åt dem som kommer efter oss. Vi söker ständigt efter nya, mer förfinade metoder att tillvarata de resurser vi har. Samhället och individen är i balans. Ekonomin är god och vi är miljömedvetna, trygga och integrerade. Nytänkande premieras och icke- materialistiska värderingar står högt i kurs. Vi tänker individuellt, men agerar mer än gärna för kollektivets bästa. Utbildning är gratis TrädgårdsstadenEtt samhälle där vi lärt oss hantera stress, men känner oss otrygga och helst umgås i slutna sociala sammanhang. Vi bor enkelt inne i stan, eller gärna på landsbygden nära storstäderna. Minskade behov av högutbildade i samhället gör att vi har svårt att rekrytera studenter till teknikutbildningar. Det traditionella tankesättet leder till kulturkrockar med företag och personer från andra länder.Gated communitiesFörsämrad ekonomi och ökad egoism har lett fram till ett stressat, otryggt och segregerat samhälle. Accelererande klimatförändringar och ökad miljö-påverkan skrämmer oss, men trots det åtgärdar vi inte problemen, utan koncentrerar oss på konsekvenserna. Arbetslöshet i samhällsbyggnadssek-torn leder till sänkt status för samhällsbyggaren. Vi har därför svårt att rekrytera studenter, och även forskningen har låg status.
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| 8. |
- Bergkvist, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Hospital care or home care after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation : patients' experiences of care and support
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 48, s. S468-S468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE:Treatment at home during the pancytopenic phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been an option for patients at our center since 1998. Earlier studies have shown that home care is safe and has medical advantages. In this study, we present patients' experiences of care and support while being treated in hospital or at home during the acute post-transplantation phase.METHOD:Patients (n = 41, 22 in hospital care and 19 in home care) answered the SAUC questionnaire at discharge (when home, or from hospital). Both statistical analysis and deductive content analysis were used.RESULTS:The patients were highly satisfied with the care and support during the acute post-transplantation phase. Patients in home care were found to be more satisfied with care in general than patients in hospital care. The importance of safety, empathy, and encouragement from healthcare staff were expressed regardless of where care was given. Patients also felt that receipt of continuous, updated information during treatment was important and they had a strong belief in HSCT but were uncertain of the future regarding recovery.CONCLUSIONS:The main findings of this study were that in comparison to hospital care, home care does not appear to have a significant negative effect on patients' experiences of care and support during the acute post-transplantation phase. In addition patients in home care felt safe, seen as a person and encouragement seem to empower the patients at home. Thus, this study may encourage other transplantation centers to provide home care if the patients want it.
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| 9. |
- Chursa, Urszula, et al.
(författare)
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Overexpression of protein kinase STK25 in mice exacerbates ectopic lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 60:3, s. 553-567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the molecular networks controlling ectopic lipid deposition and insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle is essential for developing new strategies to treat type 2 diabetes. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) as a critical regulator of liver steatosis, hepatic lipid metabolism and whole body glucose and insulin homeostasis. Here, we assessed the role of STK25 in control of ectopic fat storage and insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle.Skeletal muscle morphology was studied by histological examination, exercise performance and insulin sensitivity were assessed by treadmill running and euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp, respectively, and muscle lipid metabolism was analysed by ex vivo assays in Stk25 transgenic and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet. Lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function were also studied in rodent myoblasts overexpressing STK25. Global quantitative phosphoproteomics was performed in skeletal muscle of Stk25 transgenic and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet to identify potential downstream mediators of STK25 action.We found that overexpression of STK25 in transgenic mice fed a high-fat diet increases intramyocellular lipid accumulation, impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and sarcomeric ultrastructure, and induces perimysial and endomysial fibrosis, thereby reducing endurance exercise capacity and muscle insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, we observed enhanced lipid accumulation and impaired mitochondrial function in rodent myoblasts overexpressing STK25, demonstrating an autonomous action for STK25 within cells. Global phosphoproteomic analysis revealed alterations in the total abundance and phosphorylation status of different target proteins located predominantly to mitochondria and sarcomeric contractile elements in Stk25 transgenic vs wild-type muscle, respectively, providing a possible molecular mechanism for the observed phenotype.STK25 emerges as a new regulator of the complex interplay between lipid storage, mitochondrial energetics and insulin action in skeletal muscle, highlighting the potential of STK25 antagonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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| 10. |
- Olafsdottir, Elinborg J., et al.
(författare)
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Breast cancer survival in Nordic BRCA2 mutation carriers—unconventional association with oestrogen receptor status
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 123:11, s. 1608-1615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The natural history of breast cancer among BRCA2 carriers has not been clearly established. In a previous study from Iceland, positive ER status was a negative prognostic factor. We sought to identify factors that predicted survival after invasive breast cancer in an expanded cohort of BRCA2 carriers. Methods: We studied 608 women with invasive breast cancer and a pathogenic BRCA2 mutation (variant) from four Nordic countries. Information on prognostic factors and treatment was retrieved from health records and by analysis of archived tissue specimens. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated for breast cancer-specific survival using Cox regression. Results: About 77% of cancers were ER-positive, with the highest proportion (83%) in patients under 40 years. ER-positive breast cancers were more likely to be node-positive (59%) than ER-negative cancers (34%) (P < 0.001). The survival analysis included 584 patients. Positive ER status was protective in the first 5 years from diagnosis (multivariate HR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.26–0.93, P = 0.03); thereafter, the effect was adverse (HR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.07–3.39, P = 0.03). The adverse effect of positive ER status was limited to women who did not undergo endocrine treatment (HR = 2.36; 95% CI 1.26–4.44, P = 0.01) and patients with intact ovaries (HR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.11–3.59, P = 0.02). Conclusions: The adverse effect of a positive ER status in BRCA2 carriers with breast cancer may be contingent on exposure to ovarian hormones.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ahlgren, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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The meanings given to gender in studies on multimodal rehabilitation for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain : a literature review
- 2016
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 38:23, s. 2255-2270
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess and describe the meanings given to "gender" in scientific publications that evaluate multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary or multimodal rehabilitation for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.Method: A systematic literature search for papers evaluating multimodal rehabilitation was conducted. The PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched from 1995 to 2015. Two or three researchers independently read each paper, performed a quality assessment and coded meanings of gender using qualitative content analysis.Results: Twenty-seven papers were included in the review. Gender was used very differently in the MMR studies investigated but primarily it referred to factual differences between men and women. Only one paper provided a definition of the concept of gender and how it had been used in that study. In the content analysis, the meaning of gender formed three categories: "Gender as a factual difference", "The man is the ideal" and "Gender as a result of social role expectations".Conclusions: The meaning of the concept of gender in multimodal rehabilitation is undefined and needs to be developed further. The way the concept is used should be defined in the design and evaluation of multimodal rehabilitation in future studies.Implications for rehabilitationHealthcare professionals should reflect on gender relations in encounters with patients, selection of patients into rehabilitation programs and design of programs. In rehabilitation for chronic pain the patients' social circumstances and cultural context should be given the same consideration as biological sex and pain symptoms.
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| 13. |
- Akram, Frida Hosseini, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Hypothyroidism in Early Pregnancy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Women's Health. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1540-9996 .- 1931-843X. ; 26:11, s. 1231-1235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Untreated and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with adverse pregnancy complications such as increased risk of miscarriage, hypertension, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. However, in Sweden, screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is only recommended for women with a high risk of thyroid disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of clinical and SCH in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 1298 pregnant women were divided into three groups: one unselected general screening group (n=611), one low-risk group comprising women without risk factors for thyroid disorder (n=511), and one high-risk group comprising women with an inheritance or suspicion of thyroid disease or undergoing treatment for thyroid disease (n=88). Serum was obtained up to gestational week 13, and thyrotropin (TSH) was analyzed.Results: The incidences of thyroid dysfunction in the three screening groups were 9.8% in the general screening group, 9.6% in the low-risk group, and 10.2%, p=0.948, in the high-risk group. In the women with known hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment, 50.6% had serum TSH levels above 2.0mIU/L.Conclusions: High-risk screening is not useful in predicting which women are at risk of thyroid disease in early pregnancy since approximate to 10% of women with SCH or hypothyroidism could not be diagnosed in this way.
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| 14. |
- Andersen, Tonny, et al.
(författare)
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[New documentation routines in psychiatry in Västerbotten : unified structure for better quality of care].
- 1999
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 96:17, s. 2102-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent decades psychiatric health care has become increasingly complex due to substantial clinical improvements and to the growing need of integrating psychiatric services with other health and welfare services in the community. The traditional psychiatric record format is incompatible both with these requirements and with the practical advantages and difficulties of modern computer technology. In a collaborative effort involving most professional categories at three psychiatric units in the county of Västerbotten in northern Sweden, a new structured format for medical records was developed. The basic feature is a structured summary of background factors, social situation, drug habits, and general health, which is reviewed and updated as necessary. The psychiatric condition is described in some detail, including onset and course, symptomatology, personality factors, diagnosis, treatment results, suicidality, etc. Day to day treatment is outlined in in- and out-patient treatment plans, which are evaluated and revised at regular intervals. The new record format, which is used by all categories of health care professionals, is intended to promote goal-directed treatment and professional collaboration, and is easily adapted to computer technology.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Aurelius, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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The Crystal Structure of Thermotoga maritima Class III Ribonucleotide Reductase Lacks a Radical Cysteine Pre-Positioned in the Active Site
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks for DNA synthesis, and are found in all but a few organisms. RNRs use radical chemistry to catalyze the reduction reaction. Despite RNR having evolved several mechanisms for generation of different kinds of essential radicals across a large evolutionary time frame, this initial radical is normally always channelled to a strictly conserved cysteine residue directly adjacent to the substrate for initiation of substrate reduction, and this cysteine has been found in the structures of all RNRs solved to date. We present the crystal structure of an anaerobic RNR from the extreme thermophile Thermotoga maritima (tmNrdD), alone and in several complexes, including with the allosteric effector dATP and its cognate substrate CTP. In the crystal structure of the enzyme as purified, tmNrdD lacks a cysteine for radical transfer to the substrate pre-positioned in the active site. Nevertheless activity assays using anaerobic cell extracts from T. maritima demonstrate that the class III RNR is enzymatically active. Other genetic and microbiological evidence is summarized indicating that the enzyme is important for T. maritima. Mutation of either of two cysteine residues in a disordered loop far from the active site results in inactive enzyme. We discuss the possible mechanisms for radical initiation of substrate reduction given the collected evidence from the crystal structure, our activity assays and other published work. Taken together, the results suggest either that initiation of substrate reduction may involve unprecedented conformational changes in the enzyme to bring one of these cysteine residues to the expected position, or that alternative routes for initiation of the RNR reduction reaction may exist. Finally, we present a phylogenetic analysis showing that the structure of tmNrdD is representative of a new RNR subclass IIIh, present in all Thermotoga species plus a wider group of bacteria from the distantly related phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria.
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| 17. |
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| 21. |
- Bridge, Eileen, et al.
(författare)
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Spliced exons of adenovirus late RNAs colocalize with snRNP in a specific nuclear domain
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Cell Biology. - 0021-9525 .- 1540-8140. ; 135:2, s. 303-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Posttranscriptional steps in the production of mRNA include well characterized polyadenylation and splicing reactions, but it is also necessary to understand how RNA is transported within the nucleus from the site of its transcription to the nuclear pore, where it is translocated to the cytoplasmic compartment. Determining the localization of RNA within the nucleus is an important aspect of understanding RNA production and may provide clues for investigating the trafficking of RNA within the nucleus and the mechanism for its export to the cytoplasm. We have previously shown that late phase adenovirus-infected cells contain large clusters of snRNP and non-snRNP splicing factors; the presence of these structures is correlated with high levels of viral late gene transcription. The snRNP clusters correspond to enlarged interchromatin granules present in late phase infected cells. Here we show that polyadenylated RNA and spliced tripartite leader exons from the viral major late transcription unit are present in these same late phase snRNP-containing structures. We find that the majority of the steady state viral RNA present in the nucleus is spliced at the tripartite leader exons. Tripartite leader exons are efficiently exported from the nucleus at a time when we detect their accumulation in interchromatin granule clusters. Since the enlarged interchromatin granules contain spliced and polyadenylated RNA, we suggest that viral RNA may accumulate in this late phase structure during an intranuclear step in RNA transport.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Brundin, Peik M.A., et al.
(författare)
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Blood hormones and torque teno virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 6:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Men and women respond differently to infectious diseases. Women show less morbidity and mortality, partially due to the differences in sex hormone levels which can influence the immune response. Torque teno virus (TTV) is non-pathogenic and ubiquitously present in serum from a large proportion (up to 90%) of adult humans with virus levels correlating with the status of the host immune response. The source of TTV replication is unknown, but T-lymphocytes have been proposed. In this study we investigated the presence and levels of TTV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in premenopausal (pre-MP) women, post-menopausal (post-MP) women, and men, and determined their serum sex hormone levels. Of the examined subjects (n = 27), we found presence of TTV in PMBC from 17.6% pre-MP (n = 17), 25.0% post-MP (n = 4) and 50.0% men (n = 6). The levels of TTV/μg DNA were lower among TTV-positive men and post-MP women compared to pre-MP women. All the positive pre-MP women were either anovulatory, hypothyroid, or both. In addition, the TTV-positive pre-MP women had significantly lower progesterone levels compared to TTV-negative pre-MP women. Although our study was performed on a limited number of subjects, the data suggests that TTV in PBMC is associated with an anovulatory menstrual cycle with low progesterone levels, and possibly with male sex.
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| 24. |
- Brundin, Peik M., et al.
(författare)
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Expression of Sex Hormone Receptor and Immune Response Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells During the Menstrual Cycle
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2392. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sex hormones are known to interact with the immune system on multiple levels but information on the types of sex hormone receptors (SHR) and their expression levels in immune cells is scarce. Estrogen, testosterone and progesterone are all considered to interact with the immune system through their respective cell receptors (ERα and ERβ including the splice variant ERβ2, AR and PGR). In this study expression levels of SHR genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, CD56+ NK-cells, CD14+ monocytes and CD19+ B-cells) were analyzed using standard manual qPCR or a qPCR array (TLDA). Nine healthy individuals including men (n = 2), premenopausal (Pre-MP, n = 5) and postmenopausal (post-MP, n = 2) women were sampled for PBMCs which were separated to cell subsets using FACS. Ten Pre-MP women were longitudinally sampled for total PBMCs at different phases of the menstrual cycle. We found that ERα was most abundant and, unexpectedly, that ERβ2 was the dominant ERβ variant in several FACS sorted cell subsets. In total PBMCs, SHR (ERα, ERβ1, ERβ2, and AR) expression did not fluctuate according to the phase of the menstrual cycle and PGR was not expressed. However, several immune response genes (GATA3, IFNG, IL1B, LTA, NFKB1, PDCD1, STAT3, STAT5A, TBX21, TGFB1, TNFA) were more expressed during the ovulatory and mid-luteal phases. Sex hormone levels did not correlate significantly with gene expression of SHR or immune response genes, but sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), a steroid hormone transporting protein, was positively correlated to expression of ERβ1 gene. This study provides new insights in the distribution of ERs in immune cells. Furthermore, expression patterns of several immune response genes differ significantly between phases of the menstrual cycle, supporting a role for sex hormones in the immune response.
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| 25. |
- Dahl, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Avancerad spektroskopisk speciering av metaller i askan från avfallsförbränning
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Användning av sekundära råvaror har på senare tid fått ett ökat fokus med den drivkraft som finns kring cirkulär omställning. Möjligheten att nyttja askor ifrån avfallsförbränning är starkt beroende av deras innehåll av toxiska men också värdefulla komponenter, bland annat metaller.Föreliggande projekt har undersökt möjligheterna med att använda röntgenabsorptionsspektroskopi (XAS) för att påvisa de dominerande förekomstformerna av metallerna zink, bly, koppar och antimon i askor från förbränning av avfall. En ökad kunskap om dessa förekomstformer kan ge nya möjligheter till klassificering av bottenaskor (slaggrus) samt ge viktig information för optimering av behandlingsmetoder för att endera stabilisera flygaskor för säker deponi eller för utvinning av värdefulla metaller. I projektet ingick därför analyser av ett mindre antal askor representerande både färska och lagrade bottenaskor samt behandlade och icke behandlade flygaskor. Dessutom representerades olika förbränningsteknologier, såsom rosterpanna, roterugn och cirkulerande fluidiserad bädd (CFB).I projektet har röntgen-absorptionsspektroskopimätningar (XAS) genomförts vid BALDER som är ett av strålrören på MAX IV laboratoriet, Lund. XAS kan delas in i två delar, EXAFS och XANES, där XANES utnyttjar den första delen av spektrumet (energier närmast absorptionskanten) och kräver betydligt kortare analystid än en full EXAFS analys (högre energier). Fokus har därför legat på XANES i detta projekt då det är den teknik som har störst potential att fungera som en tidseffektiv standardanalys på MAX IV, speciellt för heterogena prov som genererar hög brusnivå vilket är typiskt för askor.Metoden är väldigt beroende av relevanta referensspektrum för att kunna identifiera de olika förekomstformerna. En stor del av arbetet har därför varit att identifiera, framskaffa, kontrollera renhetsgrad för och slutligen mäta på de totalt 43 referensmaterial som använts i analyserna (14 zinkföreningar, 14 kopparföreningar, 10 blyföreningar och 3 antimonföreningar). Dessa spektrum ligger kvar i en databas på MAX IV och kan därför utökas och kompletteras med nya relevanta referensmaterial för att ytterligare förbättra metoden framöver. Dessa är också tillgängliga för andra användare av MAX IV.Resultaten visade inte oväntat på att bottenaskor är mer heterogena än flygaskor vilket gav mer brus i analyserna av dessa askor, men med god reproducerbarhet. Övriga trender är beroende på vilket grundämne som undersöks.Den klart vanligaste förekomstformer av zink är silikatet hemimorfit (Zn4Si2O7(OH)2·H2O) både i flyg- och bottenaskor. Analyserna föreslår att ca. 20-40 % av zink återfinns i denna form i de flesta askorna. Övriga dominerande förekomstformer sett till andelen zink är Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 (Hydrozinkit) och ett annat silkat som heter Willemite och har formeln Zn2SiO3 men med en större skillnad mellan de olika analyserade askorna. En viss andel zinkklorid, ZnCl2, återfinns också i de flesta askorna.Den vanligaste förekomstformen av koppar i flygaskor är Cu(OH)2 (30–55%) men resultaten för bottenaskorna visar på en mer komplex sammansättning med olika oxidformer (CuO, Cu2O, CuFe2O4, Cu2SiO3) men också på förekomst av karbonat (CuCO3*Cu(OH)2) i ett av de lagrade proven.Den vanligaste förekomstformen av bly är associerad med någon form av silikat (PbSiO3 eller bundet till amorft SiO2 – liknande strukturen i Pb-glas), men även PbCl2 är vanligt förekommande, speciellt i flygaskor.Antimon var bara delvis inkluderad i studien och begränsat till tre referenser. Analysen fokuserade därför på att detektera skillnader före och efter behandling av flygaska. Ingen sådan skillnad kunde detekteras. Värt att notera är att Sb-spektrumet för den bottenaska som analyserades är identisk med det för referensen Sb2O5 och att oxidationstalet för Sb i alla askor ligger nära den för samma referens.En slutsats av analyserna var att vissa av referensmaterialens spektrum är mycket lika vilket resulterar i att några referenser som t.ex. ZnS aktivt behövdes selekteras bort vid analyserna baserat på kunskap om hur trolig deras förekomst i askorna är. Det finns också starka indikationer på att fler referensmaterial behövs för att beskriva några av askorna. En kombination av andra mätmetoder som t.ex. μ-XRF föreslås därför som en möjlighet i framtida arbete för att identifiera viktiga saknade referensmaterial. Dessutom skulle en jämförelse med lakanalyser vara kunskapsbyggande.Sammanfattningsvis har det i projektet utvecklats en fungerande analysmetod som har potential att kunna bli industriellt gångbar. De resultat som tagits fram kring möjliga förekomstformer är, sett till vad som finns publicerat i litteraturen, betydande. Men för att dra riktiga slutsatser kring olika påverkansfaktorer krävs betydligt fler riktade analyser.
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| 26. |
- Derblom, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Engagement, Responsibility, Collaboration, and Abandonment : Nurses' Experiences of Assessing Suicide Risk in Psychiatric Inpatient Care
- 2021
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Ingår i: Issues in Mental Health Nursing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0161-2840 .- 1096-4673. ; 42:8, s. 776-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suicide risk assessment is a complex task for nurses working in psychiatric inpatient care. This study explored psychiatric inpatient nurses' experiences of assessing suicide risk. A qualitative design was used, and 10 interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Nurses described suicide risk assessments as requiring them to create caring alliances and to take responsibility. Collaborating with colleagues was another part of nurses' experiences, as was feeling abandoned. To make the assessment safely, nurses need a combination of caring alliances, support from colleagues, clear guidelines, training and time for collegial reflection to create a supportive working climate.
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| 27. |
- Dorell, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences With Family Health Conversations at Residential Homes for Older People
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Nursing Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1054-7738 .- 1552-3799. ; 25:5, s. 560-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to highlight family members' experiences of participating in Family Health Conversation (FamHC), based on families in which a family member was living in a residential home for older people. A total of 10 families and 22 family members participated in evaluating family interviews 1 month after participating in FamHC. The interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The main finding was being a part of FamHC increased family members' insights, understanding, and communication within the family. Getting confirmation from nurses was essential to cope with the new life situation, which also meant that they felt comfortable to partly hand over the responsibility for the older person who moved to the residential home. By being open and expressing their feelings, a bad conscience could be relieved. These findings showed that FamHC could be helpful for family members in adapting to this novel situation.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Ekman-Joelsson, Britt-Marie, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease is associated with early sternotomy and left ventricular hypoplasia during infancy: a population-based retrospective review.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cardiology in the young. - 1467-1107. ; 27:9, s. 1823-1831
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart transplantation has been an option for children in Sweden since 1989. As our unit faced an increased rate of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, the objective of the study was to identify possible risk factors.This is a retrospective study of all children aged 0-18 years who underwent heart transplantation in Gothenburg from 1989 to 2014.A total of 71 children underwent heart transplantation. The overall incidence of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder was 14% (10/71); however, 17% (6/36) of those undergoing transplantation after 2007 developed lymphoma, compared with only 10% (4/35) of transplantation cases before 2007 (p=0.85). The mean age at transplantation was 9 years (0-17). The mean post-transplant follow-up time was 5.5 years (0.5-21.9) in the group that developed post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, compared with 10.2 years (0.02-25.2) in those who did not. In our study group, risk factors for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder were surgically palliated CHD (p=0.0005), sternotomy during infancy (p⩽0.0001), hypoplastic left ventricle (p=0.0001), number of surgical events (p=0.0022), mismatch concerning Epstein-Barr virus infection - that is, a positive donor-negative recipient (p⩽0.0001) - and immunosuppressive treatment with tacrolimus compared with ciclosporine (p=0.028). Discussion This study has three major findings. First, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder only developed in subjects born with CHD. Second, the vast majority (9/10) of the subjects developing the disorder had undergone sternotomy as infants. Third, the number of surgical events correlated with a higher risk for developing post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Fogelstrand, Linda, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic Implications of Mutations in NOTCH1 and FBXW7 in Childhood T-ALL Treated According to the NOPHO ALL-1992 and ALL-2000 Protocols
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 61:3, s. 424-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In children, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has inferior prognosis compared with B-cell precursor ALL. In order to improve survival, individualized treatment strategies and thus risk stratification algorithms are warranted, ideally already at the time of diagnosis.Procedure We analyzed the frequency and prognostic implication of mutations in NOTCH1 and FBXW7 in 79 cases of Swedish childhood T-ALL treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL-1992 and ALL-2000 protocols. In a subgroup of patients, we also investigated the functional relevance of NOTCH1 mutations measured as expression of the HES1, MYB, and MYC genes.Results Forty-seven of the cases (59%) displayed mutations in NOTCH1 and/or FBXW7. There was no difference in overall (P=0.14) or event-free survival (EFS) (P=0.10) in patients with T-ALL with mutation(s) in NOTCH1/FBXW7 compared with patients with T-ALL without mutations in any of these genes. T-ALL carrying NOTCH1 mutations had increased HES1 and MYB mRNA expression (HES1 9.21.9 (mean +/- SEM), MYB 8.7 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SEM)) compared to T-ALL with wild-type NOTCH1 (HES1 1.8 +/- 0.7, MYB 5.1 +/- 1.2, P=0.02 and 0.008, respectively). In cases of T-ALL with high HES1 expression, improved overall (P=0.02) and EFS (P=0.028) was seen.Conclusions Increased NOTCH activity, reflected by increased HES1 expression, is associated with improved outcome in pediatric T-ALL, but its role as a diagnostic tool or a therapeutic target in future clinical treatment protocols remains to be elucidated. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:424-430. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 32. |
- Forde, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with diabetes and diabetes services : A pan-European survey of diabetes specialist nurses undertaken by the Foundation of European Nurses in Diabetes survey consortium
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 38:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe diabetes nurses' perspectives on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with diabetes and diabetes services across Europe.METHODS: An online survey developed using a rapid Delphi method. The survey was translated into 17 different languages and disseminated electronically in 27 countries via national diabetes nurse networks.RESULTS: Survey responses from 1829 diabetes nurses were included in the analysis. The responses indicated that 28% (n=504) and 48% (n=873) of diabetes nurses felt the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted 'a lot' on the physical and psychological risks of people with diabetes, respectively. The following clinical problems were identified as having increased 'a lot': anxiety 82% (n=1486); diabetes distress 65% (n=1189); depression 49% (n= 893); acute hyperglycaemia 39% (n=710); and foot complications 17% (n=323). Forty-seven percent (n=771) of respondents identified that the level of care provided to people with diabetes had declined either extremely or quite severely. Self-management support, diabetes education and psychological support were rated by diabetes nurse respondents as having declined extremely or quite severely during the COVID-19 pandemic by 31% (n=499), 63% (n=1,027) and 34% (n=551), respectively.CONCLUSION: The findings show that diabetes nurses across Europe have seen significant increases in both physical and psychological problems in their patient populations during COVID-19. The data also show that clinical diabetes services have been significantly disrupted. As the COVID-19 situation continues we need to adapt care systems with some urgency to minimise the impact of the pandemic on the diabetes population.
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| 33. |
- Franzén, Karin
(författare)
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”Is i magen och ett varmt hjärta” : Konstruktionen av skolledarskap i ett könsperspektiv
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to investigate the discursive construction of school leadership in a gender perspective and the meanings attached to school leadership. Theoretically, I draw on discourse analysis, and feminist poststructuralist theories have been my source of inspiration. Discourse, subjectivity, subject positions and power are key concepts applied to the analysis of the data. Four male and four female school leaders representing eight primary and secondary schools were interviewed. Furthermore, interviews were carried out with two teachers at each of these schools: in total nine female and seven male teachers were interviewed.The leaders and teachers talk about leadership in relation to four different arenas, which I have labelled the teachers’, the children’s, the parents’ and the societal arena respectively. Three main positions have been identified for the school leaders: (1) the supporter, (2) the manager and (3) the pedagogical leader. Most of the statements deal with the relation to the teachers, whereas the parents’ arena is not much talked about.As for gender, both male and female school leaders construct themselves as leaders in rather similar ways. Both men and women activate the three positions in similar ways. Women do not repeat the supporter position more often than men, and men do not position themselves as managers more frequently than women. This indicates that traditional gender discourses do not govern the school leaders’ talk about school leadership. For the position of pedagogical leader, some gender differences have been distinguished. The men position themselves as pedagogical leaders, whose mission it is to take the lead in pedagogical issues, whilst the women talk about the importance of evaluating and reflecting on their pedagogical leadership. Gender discourses seem to affect the way teachers construct school leadership, as male leaders who act as supporters are sometimes positioned as deviant. Instead, especially female teachers expect their male leader to act as a manager. Furthermore, the female teachers construct female school leaders as supporters to a higher extent than the male teachers.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Förberg, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between work context and adherence to clinical practice guideline for peripheral venous catheters among registered nurses in paediatric care
- 2014
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Ingår i: Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1545-102X .- 1741-6787. ; 11:4, s. 227-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is known that registered nurses' (RNs') work context is related to their use of research and that it can affect nurse and patient satisfaction, as well as the outcomes of care. However, little is known about the relationship between work context and nurses' adherence to clinical practice guidelines. The aim of this study was to describe RNs' adherence to a clinical practice guideline (CPG) on the management of peripheral venous catheters (PVCs), their perceptions of work context, and how nurses' work context and characteristics relate to guideline adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at a large pediatric university hospital in Sweden. Data were collected through a questionnaire on RNs' adherence to components of a CPG and by using the Alberta Context Tool to assess the nurses' perceptions of work context, including leadership, culture, feedback processes, and other organizational characteristics. Results: Work context-in the form of structural and electronic resources, information sharing activities, and feedback processes-was in different ways associated with the adherence to the CPG components. The RNs' adherence on unit level varied: half the units demonstrated complete adherence on disinfection of hands, whereas a majority of the units reported less than 70% adherence on the use of disposable gloves and the daily inspection of a PVC site. Linking Evidence to Action: Our findings indicate that components in one CPG might require diverse implementation strategies because they are linked to different contextual factors.
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| 38. |
- Ghasemzadeh, Nasim, et al.
(författare)
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Application of artificial gel antibodies for investigating molecular polymorphisms of human pituitary growth hormone
- 2011
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Ingår i: Amino Acids. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0939-4451 .- 1438-2199. ; 40:4, s. 1249-1255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial gel-antibodies were used to probe human growth hormone (GH) activity in hormone preparations purified from human pituitaries. A partially purified fraction containing differently sized forms of the hormone was further processed to yield monomeric and dimeric forms of GH activity suitable for synthesizing artificial polyacrylamide gel antibodies. These two types of GH antibodies were used for probing GH activity in experiments analyzing the two forms of the hormone by HPLC gel-permeation and ion-exchange chromatography. In the size-exclusion experiments both hormone fractions eluted as homogenous peaks, whereas the ion exchanger resolved the hormones in several active components. The antibodies towards the GH monomer were more potent to recognize monomeric GH compared to antibodies against dimeric GH. The opposite was found for the dimeric GH antibodies. It was concluded that these two sets of antibodies it might be useful for discriminating between dimeric and monomeric GH in samples of clinical origin.
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| 39. |
- Ginya, Harumi, et al.
(författare)
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Development of the Handy Bio-Strand and its application to genotyping of OPRM1 (A118G)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Analytical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2697 .- 1096-0309. ; 367:1, s. 79-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously developed a three-dimensional microarray system, the Bio-Strand, which exhibits advantages in automated DNA analysis in combination with our Magtration Technology. In the current study, we have developed a compact system for the Bio-Strand, the Handy Bio-Strand, which consists of several tools for the preparation of Bio-Strand Tip, hybridization, and detection. Using the Handy Bio-Strand, we performed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping of OPRM1 (A118G) by allele-specific oligonucleotide competitive hybridization (ASOCH). DNA fragments containing SNP sites were amplified from genomic DNA by PCR and then were fixed on a microporous nylon thread. Thus, prepared Bio-Strand Tip was hybridized with allele-specific Cy5 probes (<15mer), on which the SNP site was designed to be located in the center. By optimizing the amount of competitors, the selectivity of Cy5 probes increased without a drastic signal decrease. OPRM1 (A118G) genotypes of 23 human genomes prepared from whole blood samples were determined by ASOCH using the Handy Bio-Strand. The results were perfectly consistent with those determined by PCR direct sequencing. ASOCH using the Handy Bio-Strand would be a very simple and reliable method for SNP genotyping for small laboratories and hospitals.
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| 40. |
- Gräns, Johanna, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Mixture effects between different azoles and beta-naphthoflavone on the CYP1A biomarker in a fish cell line
- 2015
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Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-445X. ; 164, s. 43-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) biomarker response was studied in the Poeciliopsis lucida hepatocellular carcinoma (PLHC-1) cell line, which represents a good model for studies on aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) - CYP1A signaling. The PLHC-1 cells were exposed to the prototypical CYP1A inducer and AhR agonist β-naphthoflavone (BNF) in combination with different azoles. Two imidazoles (clotrimazole and prochloraz) and two benzimidazoles (nocodazole and omeprazole) were used. Exposure to clotrimazole, prochloraz and nocodazole resulted in 2-4 fold induction of the CYP1A mediated ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities at 24 and 48 hrs, whereas exposure to the omeprazole for 48 hrs had no effect on the EROD activity. Clotrimazole, nocodazole and prochloraz also acted as inhibitors of EROD activities in situ in PLHC-1 cells (IC50=1.3 – 7.7 µM), whereas omeprazole had no effect on this activity (IC50=72 µM). Exposure to 10 µM prochloraz resulted in 3-fold induction of CYP1A mRNA and exposure to 10 µM nocodazole resulted in 16-fold induction of CYP1A mRNA levels at 24 hrs compared to controls. In the mixture experiments, more-than-additive mixture effects between BNF and the azoles clotrimazole, prochloraz and nocodazole on EROD activities were evident, with nocodazole showing the strongest mixture effect. The presence of nocodazole increased the response to BNF up to 200-fold on CYP1A mRNA and up to 16-fold on EROD activities and prolonged the effect of BNF exposure on EROD activities by 24 hrs or longer. This suggests that azoles that are inhibitors and/or competing substrates for the CYP1A enzymes can cause increased sensitivity to exposures to chemicals that depend on CYP1A metabolism for their elimination in situations of mixed chemical exposures. The results also suggest that the EROD biomarker response can be significantly affected in azole-contaminated areas. The responsiveness of the EROD biomarker to BNF exposure was studied in PLHC-1 that had been pre-treated with nocodazole for 5 or 24 hrs at concentrations that are known to disassemble microtubules at 24 hrs in these cells. Pre-treatment of PLHC-1 cells with nocodazole for either 5 or 24 hrs had no effect on the responsiveness to BNF exposure, which implies that the EROD activity can be induced in cells with disassembled microtubules.
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| 41. |
- Gånemo, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Usefulness of Rajka and Langeland Eczema Severity Score in Clinical Practice.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2057 .- 0001-5555. ; 96:4, s. 521-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple, validated eczema severity scores are required for the evaluation of interventions. The Rajka and Langeland (R and L) scale is based on 3 domains (extent, course, and intensity); however, its validity is not yet confirmed. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality aspects of the R and L scale in clinical practice. In the first part of the study, experts and consumers judged the content validity of the scale. The second part of the study was performed with 87 children during a 4-month eczema school. Construct validity, internal consistency, sensitivity to change, time consumption and health-related quality of life variables were investigated. The content of the R and L scale was considered valid by 45 panellists. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was very good. Divergent construct validity was adequate, while convergent construct validity and internal consistency were inadequate. The R and L scale was able to define a significant improvement in eczema during the eczema school. The time required for completing the R and L assessment was significantly shorter than for objective Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). The R and L scale is a simple, fast, valid, reliable and sensitive tool for scoring of atopic dermatitis in everyday clinical practice.
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| 42. |
- Hagelsteen, Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Warning Signs During Selection of Surgical Trainees
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Surgical Education. - : Elsevier BV. - 1931-7204. ; 76:3, s. 684-693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to document empirical observations about antecedents to and practices of unsuitable behaviours amongst surgical trainees and develop an interview guide that could be used for the selection process. Design: A mixed methods design was adopted combining a survey distributed to senior surgeons and heads of departments, followed by semi-structured interviews with experienced surgeons. Setting: All surgical departments and hospitals in The South Swedish Health Care Region. Participants: The survey was completed by 54 of 83 eligible surgeons above 50 years of age, and 4 of 7 heads of surgical departments. Semi-structured interviews with 13 surgeons representing local, regional, and university hospitals from the same cohort. Results: Forty-six (85%) surgeons and four of seven heads of departments responded that they had come across surgical trainees deemed unsuitable to train and work as a surgeon. All heads of department and 31 of 54 of the surgeons believed tendencies towards unsuitability are evident early during training. From the survey, 107 statements described reasons for finding a trainee unsuitable. Qualitative analysis of the interviews and free-text answers of the survey led to identification of 11 problem domains with associated “warning signs”. An interview guide to help detect unsuitability tendencies in candidates during selection procedures was constructed. Conclusions: Experienced surgeons have quite consistent views on what makes a person unsuitable as a surgeon. Their views have been systematized into 11 problem domains, and a set of ‘warning signs’ for unsuitable behaviours and traits has been developed. Early detection of these signs and traits is important for the individual, the work environment, and patient safety. A recommendation for a minimum framework for selection including the constructed interview guide is presented.
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| 43. |
- Hellström, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Towards the development of a bioengineered uterus : Comparison of different protocols for rat uterus decellularization
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Biomaterialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1742-7061 .- 1878-7568. ; 10:12, s. 5034-5042
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uterus transplantation (UTx) may be the only possible curative treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility, which affects 1 in every 500 females of fertile age. We recently presented the 6-month results from the first clinical UTx trial, describing nine live-donor procedures. This routine involves complicated surgery and requires potentially harmful immune suppression to prevent rejection. However, tissue engineering applications using biomaterials and stem cells may replace the need for a live donor, and could prevent the required immunosuppressive treatment. To investigate the basic aspects of this, we developed a novel whole-uterus scaffold design for uterus tissue engineering experiments in the rat. Decellularization was achieved by perfusion of detergents and ionic solutions. The remaining matrix and its biochemical and mechanical properties were quantitatively compared from using three different protocols. The constructs were further compared with native uterus tissue composition. Perfusion with Triton X-100/dimethyl sulfoxide/H2O led to a compact, weaker scaffold that showed evidence of a compromised matrix organization. Sodium deoxycholate/dH2O perfusion gave rise to a porous scaffold that structurally and mechanically resembled native uterus better. An innovative combination of two proteomic analyses revealed higher fibronectin and versican content in these porous scaffolds, which may explain the improved scaffold organization. Together with other important protocol-dependent differences, our results can contribute to the development of improved decellularization protocols for assorted organs. Furthermore, our study shows the first available data on decellularized whole uterus, and creates new opportunities for numerous in vitro and in vivo whole-uterus tissue engineering applications.
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| 44. |
- Herstad-Svärd, S., et al.
(författare)
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Ramprogram – Åtgärder för samtidig minimering av alkalirelaterade driftproblem, Etapp 2
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Combustion of an increasing amount of biofuel and waste woods has resulted in certainenvironmental advantages, including decreased emissions of fossil CO2, SO2 andmetals. On the other hand, a number of chloride and alkali related operational problemshave occurred which are related to combustion of these fuels.Alkali related operational problems have been studied in a project consisting of twoparts. The overall scope has been to characterise the operational problems and to studymeasures to minimise them. The first part was reported in Värmeforsk report 997 wherethe results were summarised in a table of different measures. In part two, additionalmeasures have been included in the test plan and initial corrosion has been studiedlinked to the different measures. The tests have also in part two been carried out at the12 MW CFB boiler at Chalmers. The effect of the selected measures has beeninvestigated concerning both deposit formation and bed agglomeration, and at the sametime emissions and other operational conditions were characterised.The second part of the project has among other things focused on:• To investigate measures which decrease the content of alkali and chloride in thedeposits, and consequently decrease the risk for corrosion (by investigating theinitial corrosion). Focus was also on trying to explain favourable effects.• To investigate if it is possible to combine a rather low dosage of kaolin and injectionof ammonium sulphate. This was done in order to reduce both bed agglomerationand problems from deposits during combustion of fuels rich in chlorine.• To investigate if co-combustion with sewage sludge, de-inking sludge or peat withhigh ash content, could give similar advantages as conventional additives.• Investigate if ash from PFBC is possible to use as an alternative bed material.By comparing the different measures in part two, it could be concluded that cocombustionof sewage sludge gave the best overall effect. The judgement was based onthe effects concerning bed agglomeration, level of alkali chloride in the flue gas,deposits and initial corrosion. Simultaneous addition of kaolin and ammonia sulphatealso had a favourable impact both in the bed and on the alkali chlorides in the gas phase.Dosage of kaolin did not reduce the effect of injected ammonium sulphate. Cocombustionof peat could also be a very attractive alternative, but it is critical to select asuitable peat type. It is of special concern to avoid peat with a high content of calcium,since it can increase the level of alkali chlorides by reacting with available sulphur.Change of bed material to ash from PFBC can decrease problems with bedagglomeration, but there is a risk of increased deposit formation and corrosion. A boileroperated with high steam data should consequently combine the change of bed materialwith injection of ammonium sulphate or another source of sulphur.Co-combustion of de-inking sludge from pulp and paper production can reduceproblems with bed agglomeration. There is, however, an increased chance of corrosiondue to the high content of calcium. Injection of sulphates may improve the situationconcerning corrosion. The results also showed that low potassium chlorine content in the flue gas decreasesthe risk of corrosion. Increased amount of potassium chlorine content in the flue gaswill not necessary give a high amount of chlorine content in the deposits if there is sulphur in the system.Key words: agglomeration, deposits, corrosion, alkali, kaolin, ammonium sulphate,sludge
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| 45. |
- Hällgren Graneheim, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Family caregivers' experiences of relinquishing the care of a person with dementia to a nursing home : insights from a meta-ethnographic study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 28:2, s. 215-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many people with dementia are cared for in their homes by family caregivers. As the dementia progresses, admission of the family member to a nursing home becomes inevitable. The aim of this meta-ethnographic study was to describe caregivers' experiences of relinquishing the care of a family member with dementia to a nursing home. A systematic literature search of PubMed, Cinahl and PsychInfo, between the years 1992 and 2012, was performed, and 10 qualitative articles, based on 180 family caregivers' experiences, were included. The family caregivers' described their experiences as a process that went from being responsible for the decision, through living with the decision, adjusting to a new caring role and having changed relationships. They felt unprepared and lonely with these changes. They experienced loss, guilt and shame, but also feelings of relief. Their roles in the nursing home environment were to make sure that the individual needs of the person with dementia were respected and to monitor the quality of care. They wished to maintain their relationship with the person with dementia and to establish meaningful relationships with caring staff. The process of relinquishing care is similar to a crisis process, which starts with a turning point, followed by a coping face and finally the outcome of the process. The adaption to the new situation can be facilitated if the family caregivers are recognised as partners in the care of the person with dementia. The family caregivers' unique knowledge of their relatives' previous life story should be acknowledged in both care planning and daily care. Welcoming family caregivers to regular meetings with staff can contribute to increase the feeling of partnership. Offering staff clinical supervision could be one way of preparing them to deal with the emotional strain reported by family caregivers.
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| 46. |
- Jeansson, Åsa, 1966-
(författare)
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Vad, hur och varför i slöjdämnet : textillärares uppfattningar om innehåll och undervisning i relation till kursplanen
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis deals with questions of how the purpose and content in the Swedish school subject Sloyd can be understood in the present, some years after a new curriculum came into effect in 2011. Through sloyd teachers’ stories of their knowledge and the historical traces that have left a mark on their teaching, such as older syllabuses and mediated experiences, the intention is to examine the pedagogical thinking that forms the classroom’s activities. The overall purpose is to develop knowledge of what shapes the design of sloyd, based on how the subject is expressed in the syllabus and in teachers' understandings of teaching and the subject. Based on previous knowledge and interviews, a hermeneutic research process has been designed and developed over time. Seventeen semi-structured interviews with textiles teachers where conducted, recorded and transcribed for the study. The hermeneutic interpretation process involved repeatedly reading and listening, and the material was coded using the digital analysis tool ATLAS.ti. Through repeated reading of the codes, three overarching themes were found: Textiles teachers' perceptions of Sloyd’s purpose and content, Textiles teachers’ teaching, and Manual and intellectual work in unity. The perspective of curriculum theory using a frame factor model is intended to highlight how Sloyd manifests itself at different levels of interpretation, which may impact how sloyd takes shape in the classroom. For a functional perspective on the study's data, didactic theory is used with a focus on subject didactics. The transformation phase is central to the shaping of Sloyd, where teachers’ beliefs and perceptions about the subject will influence their interpretation of the syllabus. Shulman's model of pedagogical thinking and action linked to pedagogical content knowledge, PCK, form the basis for the analysis together with theoretical perspectives on teachers’ pedagogical thinking as Kansanen and Hansén describes it. In summary, two levels of pedagogical thinking are distinguished by analysis. Firstly, based on those teachers who transform and implement teaching in sloyd based on an interpretation that follows the syllabus closely, and secondly, based on those who proceed from an interpretation that is closer to sloyd’s field of knowledge, based on handicraft. This results in two subject conceptions relating to sloyd. Teachers can ascribe to one of these, or move between them in the different phases of pedagogical planning and reflection. The conclusions also include an understanding of why the knowledge requirements in the syllabus largely relate to the students expressing themselves in words regarding their learning and their choices during the process. The curriculum is results-oriented and the knowledge that is evaluated must therefore be measurable and comparable, and be made possible to learn through the subject content. It can also be interpreted as an approximation of a practical knowledge culture to a theoretical knowledge culture, and therefore a legitimation of a practical subject in the school context that elementary school constitutes.
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| 47. |
- Johansson, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
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Remaining connected despite separation : former family caregivers’ experiences of aspects that facilitate and hinder the process of relinquishing the care of a person with dementia to a nursing home
- 2014
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Routledge. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 18:8, s. 1029-1036
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study aimed to illuminate former family caregivers’ experiences of aspects that facilitate and hinder the process of relinquishing the care of a person with dementia to a nursing home. METHOD: Ten narrative interviews with former family caregivers were performed and subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: An overall theme showed that family caregivers were remaining connected to the person with dementia despite separation. They experienced being ‘caught by surprise’ when the placement occurred. Negative expectations of dementia care made the separation more difficult. Lacking adequate information increased feelings of insecurity. Despite these hurdles, family caregivers found meaning in the new situation as they felt that they could remain connected to their loved one. Being recognized as partners in care of the person with dementia after placement was a facilitating aspect. Family caregivers regarded a well-functioning interaction with staff and a supportive social network as reassuring since they facilitated staying in touch. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the relinquishing process and adequate information about dementia and its progression may help family caregivers better prepare for and adapt to the situation. Family caregivers need to be recognized as partners in care and a welcoming nursing home environment is of utmost importance.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Strategisk medieplanering vid Karlstads universitetsbibliotek
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Karlstads universitet är ett av landets yngsta. Universitetet utmärks av en balans mellan akademisk och samhällsinriktad verksamhet. All forskning bedrivs i nära samarbete med andra samhällsaktörer. Karlstads universitet har 5 fakulteter. Karlstads universitetsbibliotek är organiserat i tre avdelningar. Lärstöd som arbetar med pedagogiska verktyg, Medieförsörjning som arbetar med medier, förvärv och fjärrlån samt Användarkontakter och undervisning. Den sistnämna avdelningen består av 11 kontaktbibliotekarier (kb) som ansvarar för kontakter med fakulteternas ämnen, både gällande studenter, undervisning och forskning. I följande projekt har endast personal från Medieförsörjning och Användarkontakter och undervisning deltagit.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Valuable aspects of home rehabilitation in Sweden : Experiences from older adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health Science Reports. - : Wiley. - 2398-8835. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Home rehabilitation is an increasing service in many countries due to the aging population. The body of knowledge in home rehabilitation is growing but results are inconsistent, and there is still lack of knowledge from user perspectives to guide practice and home rehabilitation programs. The purpose of this study was to explore valuable aspects of home rehabilitation experienced by older adults. Methods: Fourteen older persons (nine older adults and five next of kins) were interviewed about their experiences of receiving rehabilitation in their homes. Nine de-identified interviews were analyzed as secondary data and with qualitative content analysis. Results: A familiar home environment, inclusive collaboration, and the mastering of everyday life were aspects of value for older adults in home rehabilitation. Creating a tailor-made rehabilitation together with competent staff, building trust, and providing a sense of security in their homes were also considered valuable. Conclusion: When using the home as an arena for rehabilitation and collaboration, interventions can be planned based on the older adult's unique conditions and the knowledge and skills of the multidisciplinary team, including the older adult and their next of kin. A valuable home rehabilitation can then be achieved that creates motivation, which in the long term probably also generates desired effects for the older adult. More research is needed on older adult's experiences of content in home rehabilitation programs so that practice develops in accordance with citizens' needs, individual resources, and relationships.
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| 50. |
- Johansson, Britt-Inger, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Alla dessa glastak...
- 2021
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Ingår i: Rebeller & mademoiseller. - Linköping : Dibb förlag. - 9789198628807 ; , s. 7-16
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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