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Sökning: WFRF:(Johansson Carolin)

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1.
  • Johansson, Mathias, et al. (författare)
  • Mixed legume systems of pea protein and unrefined lentil fraction: Textural properties and microstructure
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: LWT - Food Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-1127 .- 0023-6438. ; 144
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Within the context of circular economy, there is an increasing interest to utilise agrifood by-products. However, extensive extraction and purification steps make the valorisation of side streams not always cost effective. Therefore, an increased knowledge of the functionality of unrefined side streams could increase their utilisation in food products. We investigated the thermal gelation of mixed legume systems containing a commercial pea protein isolate (Pisum sativum) and the unrefined fraction remaining after protein extraction from lentils (Lens culinaris). The unrefined lentil fraction contained mainly starch (~45 g/100 g) and insoluble cell wall polysaccharides (~50 g/100 g) with minor amounts of soluble protein (4 g/100 g) and polyphenols (<1 mg GAE/g). The addition of the unrefined lentil fraction increased the strength and Young's modulus of pea protein gels in the pH range 3–4.2, and also increased the gels’ elastic modulus G'. The microstructure could be described as a mixed network of swollen protein particles of different sizes (5–50 μm), gelatinised starch and cell wall fragments. The results demonstrate that unrefined side streams from lentils could be used for textural modification of plant protein gels, with implications for the design of novel plant-based foods.
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  • Aguirre Rivera, Javier, 1989-, et al. (författare)
  • Real-time measurements of aminoglycoside effects on protein synthesis in live cells
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 118:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The spread of antibiotic resistance is turning many of the currently used antibiotics less effective against common infections. To address this public health challenge, it is critical to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of action of these compounds. Aminoglycoside drugs bind the bacterial ribosome, and decades of results from in vitro biochemical and structural approaches suggest that these drugs disrupt protein synthesis by inhibiting the ribosome's translocation on the messenger RNA, as well as by inducing miscoding errors. So far, however, we have sparse information about the dynamic effects of these compounds on protein synthesis inside the cell. In the present study, we measured the effect of the aminoglycosides apramycin, gentamicin, and paromomycin on ongoing protein synthesis directly in live Escherichia coli cells by tracking the binding of dye-labeled transfer RNAs to ribosomes. Our results suggest that the drugs slow down translation elongation two- to fourfold in general, and the number of elongation cycles per initiation event seems to decrease to the same extent. Hence, our results imply that none of the drugs used in this study cause severe inhibition of translocation.
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4.
  • Andersson, Jakob, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Geomapping Landscapes of Writing (GLoW) : Large-Scale Spatial Analysis of the Cuneiform Corpus (c. 3400 BCE to 100 CE)
  • 2021
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The cuneiform record ranks among the largest preserved bodies of historical documentation from the ancient world (Streck 2010). Conveyed on omnipresent and extremely durable types of material, cuneiform texts are preserved in immense, extending over all of the Middle East and a historical period of more than three millennia of early human history. Drawing on recent advances in digital humanities and geospatial data mapping, GLoW aims to survey, analyse, and investigate broader, macrohistorical patterns in the formation and preservation of this unique historical record. As a first quantifiable, comprehensive study of the cuneiform corpus, GLoW will provide a benchmark example of the application of digital and spatial computing tools to the study of writing in early human history. This poster offers an introduction to key research foci and the project research programme, including an introduction to data infrastructure, dissemination, and key collaborators.
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5.
  • Berndt, Sonja I., et al. (författare)
  • Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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  • Brändén, Gisela, 1975, et al. (författare)
  • Coherent diffractive imaging of microtubules using an X-ray laser.
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) create new possibilities for structural studies of biological objects that extend beyond what is possible with synchrotron radiation. Serial femtosecond crystallography has allowed high-resolution structures to be determined from micro-meter sized crystals, whereas single particle coherent X-ray imaging requires development to extend the resolution beyond a few tens of nanometers. Here we describe an intermediate approach: the XFEL imaging of biological assemblies with helical symmetry. We collected X-ray scattering images from samples of microtubules injected across an XFEL beam using a liquid microjet, sorted these images into class averages, merged these data into a diffraction pattern extending to 2nm resolution, and reconstructed these data into a projection image of the microtubule. Details such as the 4nm tubulin monomer became visible in this reconstruction. These results illustrate the potential of single-molecule X-ray imaging of biological assembles with helical symmetry at room temperature.
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7.
  • Dahlström, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • Uni- and bimanual goal-directed arm movement organization in children at 6-9 years : Effects of a preterm birth
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Congress Programme. 1st Clinical Movement Analysis Word Conference. ; , s. 110-110
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION and AIMPsychomotor deficits are more commonly reported among children born preterm (PT) than those born full-term (FT). Further, evidence exists for more covert motor problems in children born preterm at school age [1]. Such findings may be associated with a more immature spatiotemporal model of movements and lower cognitive functioning in children born PT than FT [2]. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gestational age (GA) on uni- and bimanual goal-directed arm movement organization and on cognitive functioning in children at school age.PATIENTS/MATERIALS and METHODSParticipants consisted of 88 children between 6-9 years of age (M = 7.7 years; 40 PT, 19 girls; 48 FT, 22 girls) without known developmental delays or deviations. Children born PT were divided into two subgroups: moderately PT (M-PT), 34-36 weeks’ gestation (GW), and very PT (V-PT), < 34 GW. Movement kinematics were examined during performance of a goal-directed task, where the participants pushed three buttons in a sequential order in two different directions (vertical or horizontal) with either the right or left hand (unimanual) and with both hands simultaneously (bimanual). Movements were recorded by a 6-camera movement registration system (240Hz, ProReflex) and the number of movement units (MUs) was derived from head, shoulders, elbow, and wrist movement velocity profiles. Cognitive function in terms of verbal IQ (VIQ) and full scale IQ (FSIQ) was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition (WISC-IV).RESULTSOverall, a significant difference between the groups regarding number of MUs and FSIQ was found. In general, children born V-PT showed more MUs compared with the FT and M-PT group. Regardless of group, a significant higher amount of MUs was found in the bimanual condition than in the unimanual, and during horizontal movement performance in comparison with vertical. Furthermore, GA was significant negatively correlated with number of MUs for right and left wrist and right elbow, and also with FSIQ.DISCUSSION and CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that lower GAs are associated with both more segmented goal-directed arm movements as well as with lower general cognitive ability. During the more demanding tasks, i.e. bimanual and horizontal movements, this association became particularly evident, where the children born V-PT exhibited the greatest difficulties. Thus, this indicate immature spatio-temporal movement organization as a long-lasting effect of risk factors associated with a preterm birth, specifically for children born V-PT, that may be related to lower cognitive function. Further, limitations in kinematic degrees of freedom, leading to restricted amounts of solutions when solving a motor task, may also partly explain these findings.REFERENCES[1] Bracewell, M. & Marlow, N. (2002). Patterns of motor disability in very preterm children. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 8(4), 241-248.[2] Domellöf, E., Johansson, A-M., Farooqi, A., Domellöf M. & Rönnqvist, L. (2013). Relations among upper-limb movement organization and cognitive function at school age in children born preterm. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 34(5), 344-352.
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  • Darwich, Adam S., et al. (författare)
  • IMI - Oral biopharmaceutics tools project - Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 3 : Identifying gaps in system parameters by analysing In Silico performance across different compound classes
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 96, s. 626-642
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Three Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp (R) Simulator, and GastroPlus (TM)) were evaluated as part of the Innovative Medicine Initiative Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools project (OrBiTo) during a blinded "bottom-up" anticipation of human pharmacokinetics. After data analysis of the predicted vs. measured pharmacokinetics parameters, it was found that oral bioavailability (F-oral) was underpredicted for compounds with low permeability, suggesting improper estimates of intestinal surface area, colonic absorption and/or lack of intestinal transporter information. Foralwas also underpredicted for acidic compounds, suggesting overestimation of impact of ionisation on permeation, lack of information on intestinal transporters, or underestimation of solubilisation of weak acids due to less than optimal intestinal model pH settings or underestimation of bile micelle contribution. F-oral was overpredicted for weak bases, suggesting inadequate models for precipitation or lack of in vitro precipitation information to build informed models. Relative bioavailability was underpredicted for both high logP compounds as well as poorly water-soluble compounds, suggesting inadequate models for solubility/dissolution, underperforming bile enhancement models and/or lack of biorelevant solubility measurements. These results indicate areas for improvement in model software, modelling approaches, and generation of applicable input data. However, caution is required when interpreting the impact of drug-specific properties in this exercise, as the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, and the modellers generally used the data "as is" in this blinded bottom-up prediction approach.
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10.
  • Edvardsson, Ewa, et al. (författare)
  • En skyldighet men inte en självklarhet : barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskanserfarenhet av att överväga anmälan till socialtjänsten vid misstanke om att barn far illa
  • 2018
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Bakgrund: Kunskapen om att vissa barn far illa finns och Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan har en skyldighet att anmäla vid oro eller vetskap om detta. Barn kan fara illa genomföräldrars bristande omsorg, och/eller genom fysiska och psykiska kränkningar. Detta kan ge upphov till livslångt lidande. BHVsjuksköterskans roll är att identifiera och uppmärksammabarn som riskerar att eller far illa, för att dessa barn ska få den hjälp dehar rätt till av socialtjänsten. Syftet med studien var att undersöka BHVsjuksköterskan serfarenhet av att överväga anmälan till socialtjänsten vid misstanke om att barn far illa. Metod: Tio BHVsjuksköterskor intervjuades och kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats användes för att analysera data. Resultat: Studien resulterade i ett övergripandetema, tre huvudkategorier och åtta underkategorier. Det övergripande tematblev "En skyldighet men inte en självklarhet", huvudkategorierna är, Perspektiv utifrånyrkesrollen, Perspektiv utifrån personliga erfarenheter och Mötet med barn och föräldrar. Slutsats: Samtliga BHVsjuksköterskor ansåg att det inte alltid var lätt att se vilka barn som for illa. De upplevde det tråkigt och sorgligt att behöva göra en anmälan. De satte alltid barnet främst och menade att det inte kunde bli sämre för barnet om en anmälan gjordes. En återkommande beskrivning hos samtliga BHVsjuksköterskor som medverkade i intervjun var att de fick en känsla av att något inte stämde.
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11.
  • Edvardsson, Ewa, et al. (författare)
  • En skyldighet men inte en självklarhet : barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskanserfarenhet av att överväga anmälan till socialtjänsten vid misstanke om att barn far illa
  • 2018
  • Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Bakgrund: Kunskapen om att vissa barn far illa finns och Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan har en skyldighet att anmäla vid oro eller vetskap om detta. Barn kan fara illa genomföräldrars bristande omsorg, och/eller genom fysiska och psykiska kränkningar. Detta kan ge upphov till livslångt lidande. BHVsjuksköterskans roll är att identifiera och uppmärksammabarn som riskerar att eller far illa, för att dessa barn ska få den hjälp dehar rätt till av socialtjänsten. Syftet med studien var att undersöka BHVsjuksköterskan serfarenhet av att överväga anmälan till socialtjänsten vid misstanke om att barn far illa. Metod: Tio BHVsjuksköterskor intervjuades och kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats användes för att analysera data. Resultat: Studien resulterade i ett övergripandetema, tre huvudkategorier och åtta underkategorier. Det övergripande tematblev "En skyldighet men inte en självklarhet", huvudkategorierna är, Perspektiv utifrånyrkesrollen, Perspektiv utifrån personliga erfarenheter och Mötet med barn och föräldrar. Slutsats: Samtliga BHVsjuksköterskor ansåg att det inte alltid var lätt att se vilka barn som for illa. De upplevde det tråkigt och sorgligt att behöva göra en anmälan. De satte alltid barnet främst och menade att det inte kunde bli sämre för barnet om en anmälan gjordes. En återkommande beskrivning hos samtliga BHVsjuksköterskor som medverkade i intervjun var att de fick en känsla av att något inte stämde.
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  • Graham, Angus, 1968-, et al. (författare)
  • Theban Harbours and Waterscapes Survey, 2015
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0307-5133 .- 2514-0582. ; 101:1, s. 37-49
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Report on the 2015 season of the Theban Harbours and Waterscapes Survey (THaWS). The paper discusses the extension of geoarchaeological and geophysical investigations to the east of the Ramesseum, the continuing work in and around the Temple of Millions of Years of Amenhotep III, and the topographic survey and geophysical survey of the western mounds of the Birket Habu.
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  • Graham, Angus, 1968-, et al. (författare)
  • Theban Harbours And Waterscapes Survey, Spring 2016
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. - : Sage Publications. - 0307-5133. ; 102:1, s. 13-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Report on the 2016 spring season of the Theban Harbours and Waterscapes Survey (THaWS). The article discusses the geoarchaeological and geophysical survey along a 3.2 km-long transect starting close to the front of the Temple of Millions of Years of Ay and Horemheb and stretching to the village of Geziret el-Bairat on the West Bank of the Nile.
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  • Holmlund, F, et al. (författare)
  • Sympathetic skin vasoconstriction--further evaluation using laser Doppler techniques
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2281 .- 0144-5979. ; 21:3, s. 287-291
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to quantify the reflex sympathetic vasoconstriction in skin at different depths. Twenty healthy subjects were studied. Finger skin blood flow was measured using laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) and laser Doppler perfusion monitoring (LDPM). In LDPM, a probe with fibres separated 0.25 mm (deep) and 0.14 mm (superficial) from the illuminating fibre was used. Local heating (40 degrees C) was achieved with a Peltier element, and reflex vasoconstriction induced by immersion of the contra-lateral hand and forearm for 3 min in water at 15 degrees C. The change in skin blood flow was measured and a vasoconstriction index (VAC: cooling/before cooling) calculated. VAC indices of LDPI, LDPM-0.25 and LDPM-0.14 were 0.60, 0.59 and 0.60, respectively. The two components of the LDPM perfusion value, blood cell velocity and concentration, were studied separately. Their contributions in LDPM-0.25 were roughly the same, whereas the velocity component dominated in LDPM-0.14, although their relative responses in the two channels were similar. We conclude that sympathetic skin vasoconstriction does not significantly differ in two compartments, as probed with fibres separated by 0.25 and 0.14 mm. Blood cell velocity is influenced in a proportional way, as is concentration.
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  • Johansson, Carolin, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • En värld av kilskrift
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Medusa. Svensk tidskrift för antiken. - : Tidskriften Medusa. - 0349-456X. ; 43:4, s. 29-34
  • Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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  • Johansson, Carolin, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Howard Carter in Sweden
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Wonderful Things. - : Lockwood Press. - 9781957454917 ; , s. 83-108
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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  • Johansson, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • The location of Umm Chatil : a note on BM 116618
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: NABU. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires. - : Société pour l’étude du Proche-Orient ancien (Sépoa). - 0989-5671. ; 1, s. 1-2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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  • Margolskee, Alison, et al. (författare)
  • IMI - Oral biopharmaceutics tools project - Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 2 : An introduction to the simulation exercise and overview of results
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 96, s. 610-625
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Orally administered drugs are subject to a number of barriers impacting bioavailability (F-oral), causing challenges during drug and formulation development. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling can help during drug and formulation development by providing quantitative predictions through a systems approach. The performance of three available PBPK software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp (R), and GastroPlus (TM)) were evaluated by comparing simulated and observed pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Since the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, caution is required when interpreting the results of this exercise. Additionally, this prospective simulation exercise may not be representative of prospective modelling in industry, as API information was limited to sparse details. 43 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from the OrBiTo database were selected for the exercise. Over 4000 simulation output files were generated, representing over 2550 study arm-institution-software combinations and approximately 600 human clinical study arms simulated with overlap. 84% of the simulated study arms represented administration of immediate release formulations, 11% prolonged or delayed release, and 5% intravenous (i.v.). Higher percentages of i.v. predicted area under the curve (AUC) were within two-fold of observed (52.9%) compared to per oral (p.o.) (37.2%), however, F-oral and relative AUC (F-rel) between p.o. formulations and solutions were generally well predicted (64.7% and 75.0%). Predictive performance declined progressing from i.v. to solution and immediate release tablet, indicating the compounding error with each layer of complexity. Overall performance was comparable to previous large-scale evaluations. A general overprediction of AUC was observed with average fold error (AFE) of 1.56 over all simulations. AFE ranged from 0.0361 to 64.0 across the 43 APIs, with 25 showing overpredictions. Discrepancies between software packages were observed for a few APIs, the largest being 606, 171, and 81.7-fold differences in AFE between SimCYP and GI-Sim, however average performance was relatively consistent across the three software platforms.
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  • Menzel, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • Molecular structure of citric acid cross-linked starch films
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 96:2, s. 270-276
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of citric acid (CA) on starch films has been examined. A new method to detect cross-linkingof starch by CA in solution-cast films by molecular weight measurements is described. Furthermore, wemanaged to distinguished between free, mono- and di-esterified CA and quantify di-ester content withinstarch films by using a modification in the method of complexometric titration with copper(II)-sulfate.Cross-linking of starch by CA occurred at low temperature, 70◦C, which we assumed is so far the lowesttemperature reported where cross-linking reaction occurred. This is essential for starch coating applica-tions within paper industry since no high temperatures for curing will be required. However, curing at150◦C and high CA concentrations, 30 pph, increased cross-linking reaction. Furthermore, the physicalproperties like water solubility, gel content and glass transition temperature, were highly reflected bychanges in the molecular structure i.e. cross-linking and hydrolysis, as well as CA content and curingtemperature.
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  • Olsson, Erik, 1984-, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of pH on hydrolysis, cross-linking and barrier properties of starch barriers containing citric acid
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 98:2, s. 1505-1513
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Green cross-linking of thermoplastic starch for food packaging applications has been intensely studied during the last decade as a method of producing water-insensitive renewable barriers. This work has shown how the barrier properties of paper coated with a barrier dispersion containing starch and citric acid were affected by the solution pH and the drying temperature. The barrier properties of the coated paper were linked to molecular properties showing both hydrolysis and cross-linking reaction of starch in the presence of citric acid at different solution pH and different reaction temperatures (curing) on cast films. Hydrolysis was shown to be almost completely hindered at solution pH ≥4 at curing temperatures ≤ 105 °C and at pH ≥ 5 at curing temperatures ≤150 °C, whereas cross-linking still occurred to some extent at pH ≤ 6.5 and drying temperatures as low as 70 °C. The water vapor transmission rate was significantly affected by the competition between these two reactions. Coated paper showed a minimum in water vapor transmission rate at pH was kept around 4 in the starch coating solution, corresponding to the point where hydrolysis was effectively hindered but where a significant degree of cross-linking still occurred.
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25.
  • Pousette, Jenny, et al. (författare)
  • Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Stromal Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (sTILs) in ER-Positive/HER2-Negative Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 14:19
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The clinical impact of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is less known for breast cancer patients with the estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor-negative (HER−) subtype. Here, we explored the prognostic and predictive value of TILs regarding distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in 763 postmenopausal patients randomized to receive tamoxifen vs. no systemic treatment. TILs were assessed in whole section tumor samples stained with H&E and divided into low (<10%), intermediate (10–39%), or high (≥40%). High TILs were associated with poor prognostic variables and good prognoses for all patients, but not within the ER+/HER2− group. Within the ER+/HER2− group, high gene expression of CD19 and PD-L1 and high IMMUNE1 score indicated good prognosis in multivariable analysis while high CD8 and CD19 gene expression and high IMMUNE1 score were associated with less tamoxifen benefit. These results indicate that within the ER+/HER2− subtype there could be subsets of patients where expression of specific TIL markers might be used to reveal candidates for immune therapy interventions upon failure of the endocrine therapy.
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  • Rattenborg, Rune, 1983-, et al. (författare)
  • Cuneiform Inscriptions Geographical Site Index (CIGS)
  • 2021
  • Annan publikationabstract
    • This index contains a basic set of primary spatial, toponym, attribute, and external link information on more than 500 archaeological locations where texts written in cuneiform and derived scripts have been found, prepared by researchers of the Department of Linguistics and Philology of Uppsala University. The index is intended as a tool for students and researchers in cuneiform studies and related areas and as an aid to cultural heritage managers and educators in communicating and safeguarding this unique body of world written heritage.The version 1.2 index contains a total nineteen fields, namely one primary ID, one spatial accuracy field, six integer and string fields for external data links, nine string fields with toponyms, and two integer fields making up the point coordinate of the record. Coordinates given use the WGS 1984 geographic coordinate reference system (EPSG 4326) and have been truncated to four decimal digits. Site locations have been traced from archaeological gazetteers and web mapping services (e.g. Pleiades and OpenStreetMap) and digitally generated from optical recognition using current and legacy satellite imagery datasets in QGIS 3.x.
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30.
  • Rattenborg, Rune, PhD (Dunelm), 1983-, et al. (författare)
  • Mapping the Dawn of History: A Mixed Methods Approach to the Distribution and Composition of the Cuneiform Corpus (c. 3,400 BCE - 100 CE)
  • 2022
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper reviews the aim, structure and initial outcomes of a three-year research project with the aim to provide an updated survey of the cuneiform corpus, the material product of a script in widespread use across the Middle East from c. 3400 BCE until 100 CE. Counting a conservative 500,000 inscriptions known from public and private collections across the globe, the corpus ranks among the largest discrete bodies of textual source material from the ancient world. Moreover, the specific circumstances and processes of formation and discovery of this corpus mean that the relative prevalence of textual genres represented in this corpus is markedly different from most other textual corpora from the ancient world. As such, this corpus offers unique opportunities for the study of the use and spread of writing across early human societies. Studies on text production and consumption in a variety of Old World historical periods, such as the European Middle Ages and Dynastic China (Buringh and van Zanden 2009; Xu 2013) have demonstrated that long-term perspectives on the material signature of writing may yield profound insights on the changing uses of text in human societies through time and space. Data-driven, large-scale investigation of social dynamics across regions and continents has by now become commonplace in archaeology, tapping into a rapidly growing array of standardised and open access datasets on virtually any aspect of human material culture. While such studies have proven extremely capable in bridging previously insulated fields of regional or temporal specialisation, similar perspectives on ancient writing as an integral element of material culture have remained largely absent in comparative and diachronic analyses, even if the tools requisite for such perspectives are becoming increasingly available (see for an innovative example Heřmánková et al. 2021). Within the field of cuneiform studies, the last two decades have seen a steady growth in the number and extent of digital text catalogues, creating an immensely rich, if highly heterogenous, body of digitised information on primary texts (Charpin 2014). Even so, significant transects of the corpus remain available only from print publications and grey papers. Placed at the intersection of philology, archaeology, and digital and spatial humanities, our project works to integrate and augment metadata from existing digital catalogues into a coherent and comprehensive index of the entire corpus, through collaboration with existing repositories and through the digitisation of analogue records.  A central structuring element of this approach has been the development of a comprehensive open access gazetteer of archaeological finds of cuneiform texts (Rattenborg et al. 2021). Through the development of formal and transparent criteria for dealing with fuzzy geographies and imperfect geographical data, this resource allows for easy visualisation and querying of an immense number of primary records and underpins analyses of more intricate patterns of corpus formation, deposition, and discovery through the examination of a variety of metadata variables. Here, we offer first an initial review of basic spatial statistics of the entire corpus as an archaeological artefact, thereby gauging the relative historical authority of the corpus in addressing more complex research questions. We then proceed to present a set of case studies that will focus on the changing roles of specific materials as media of writing during the extremely long history of the script, the waxing and waning of specific genres of text over time and space, and prospective diatopical patterning in assemblage composition. These examples aim to underscore the potential insights that can be gained on ancient writing when approached from a spatial, macro-historical dimension. Given its immense size and particular material characteristics, the cuneiform corpus is uniquely suited for such an approach.  Buringh, Eltjo, and Jan Luiten van Zanden. ‘Charting the “Rise of the West”: Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe, A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries’. The Journal of Economic History 69 (2009): 409–45. Charpin, Dominique. ‘Ressources Assyriologiques Sur Internet’. Bibliotheca Orientalis 71, no. 3–4 (2014): 331–57. Heřmánková, Petra, Vojtěch Kaše, and Adéla Sobotková. ‘Inscriptions as Data: Digital Epigraphy in Macro-Historical Perspective’. Journal of Digital History 1 (2021). https://journalofdigitalhistory.org/en/article/WBqfZzfi7nHK. Rattenborg, Rune, Carolin Johansson, Seraina Nett, Gustav Ryberg Smidt, and Jakob Andersson. ‘An Open Access Index for the Geographical Distribution of the Cuneiform Corpus’. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2021, no. 1 (2021): 1–12.Xu, Ting. ‘Knowledge Formation and the Great Divergence between China and Europe: Manuscripts and Printed Books, ca. 581–1840’. Journal of Comparative Asian Development 12, no. 2 (1 August 2013): 245–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/15339114.2013.792455.
  •  
31.
  • Rattenborg, Rune, PhD (Dunelm), 1983-, et al. (författare)
  • The Archaeological Distribution of the Cuneiform Corpus
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Altorientalische Forschungen. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0232-8461 .- 2196-6761. ; 50:2, s. 178-205
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present study offers a first comprehensive, quantifiable overview of the geographical extent and scale of the cuneiform corpus. Though one of the oldest and longest-lived scripts in history, the sheer size of this corpus, being among the largest discrete bodies of written source material from the pre-modern world, is seldom properly appreciated. We review and evaluate past quantitative assessments of the corpus and current levels of catalogue digitisation and integration, pointing to gaps in general catalogues and principal issues relating to the quantification and interrogation of textual sources at the corpus-level. Combining a newly developed open access spatial index of c. 600 locations from across Europe, Asia, and Africa where cuneiform texts have been found with a quantitative survey of reported finds from scholarly literature, we then proceed to discuss the formation of the cuneiform corpus as an archaeological artefact. Aided by an extremely broad diachronic and diatopic outlook on a uniquely large body of written source material, this study offers an innovative and novel perspective on written corpora as archaeological artefacts.
  •  
32.
  • Rattenborg, Rune, PhD (Dunelm), 1983-, et al. (författare)
  • The Cuneiform Corpus: A Provisional Survey
  • 2022
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • While generally recognised as one of the oldest and longest-lived scripts in human history, the sheer size of the cuneiform corpus, certainly one of the largest discrete bodies of written sources from the ancient world, is seldom properly appreciated. The present paper offers first a review and an evaluation of past quantitative assessments of the cuneiform corpus and current levels of catalogue digitisation and integration. This serves to define lacunae in general indices currently available and principal issues relating to the quantification and interrogation of textual sources at the level of an entire corpus. We then proceed to discuss the distribution of the cuneiform corpus as an archaeological artefact, combining a newly developed open access spatial index of archaeological locations from across Europe, Asia, and Africa where cuneiform texts have been found (Rattenborg et al. 2021) with a quantitative survey based on aggregate numbers from scholarly literature. Aided by an extremely broad diachronic and diatopic outlook on a uniquely large body of written source material, this study sheds a first light on the full extent and prevalence of cuneiform inscriptions in the archaeological record.Geomapping Landscapes of Writing (GLoW). Department of Linguistics and Philology - Uppsala University. https://www.lingfil.uu.se/research/assyriology/glow/. Rattenborg, Rune, Carolin Johansson, Seraina Nett, Gustav Ryberg Smidt, and Jakob Andersson (2021) ‘An Open Access Index for the Geographical Distribution of the Cuneiform Corpus’. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2021/1: 1–12. http://www.cdli.ucla.edu/pubs/cdlj/2021/cdlj2021_001.html
  •  
33.
  • Rattenborg, Rune, PhD (Dunelm), 1983-, et al. (författare)
  • Would You Consider Your Repository to Be Complete? : Metadata Standards and the Digital Landscape(s) of Cuneiform Studies
  • 2021
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Standardizing, integrating, and linking metadata collections for digital text catalogues will be among the most pressing tasks facing students of cuneiform texts in coming decades. Digital research environments now extend into virtually every aspect of scholarly workflows, encompassing not only the rendition of inscriptions in a digital form, but also a wide range of metadata entities spanning artefactual, linguistic, spatial, temporal, and bibliographical aspects of cuneiform texts in their historical, archaeological, and museal setting. Not only the inscriptions, but also considerable parts of our knowledge about them, are rapidly being transformed into digital and extraordinarily dynamic resources. Furthering the integration and interoperability of such resources will be a key prerequisite for unleashing the full potential of the cuneiform corpus – certainly one of the largest bodies of historical documentation ever known – for future research and learning. Within this sprawling digital landscape, efforts at interconnecting data collections are faced with a vast undergrowth of discrete projects, registers, and collections with only limited reference to centralized, controlled indices and vocabularies for the definition of basic metadata entities. Introducing Geomapping Landscapes of Writing (GLoW), a three-year research project with the Uppsala University Department of Linguistics and Philology and funded by the Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, this paper reviews a program of surveying, querying, and curating metadata collections for cuneiform studies. In so doing, we point to principal lacunae in the overall coverage of current digital catalogues, potential for linking repositories, and suggestions for best practice in the generation and preservation of metadata collections in the field.
  •  
34.
  • Rutgersson, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • Fluoroquinolones and qnr genes in sediment, water, soil, and human fecal flora in an environment polluted by manufacturing discharges
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 48:14, s. 7825-7832
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is increasing concern that environmental antibiotic pollution promotes transfer of resistance genes to the human microbiota. Here, fluoroquinolone-polluted river sediment, well water, irrigated farmland, and human fecal flora of local villagers within a pharmaceutical industrial region in India were analyzed for quinolone resistance (qnr) genes by quantitative PCR. Similar samples from Indian villages farther away from industrial areas, as well as fecal samples from Swedish study participants and river sediment from Sweden, were included for comparison. Fluoroquinolones were detected by MS/MS in well water and soil from all villages located within three km from industrially polluted waterways. Quinolone resistance genes were detected in 42% of well water, 7% of soil samples and in 100% and 18% of Indian and Swedish river sediments, respectively. High antibiotic concentrations in Indian sediment coincided with high abundances of qnr, whereas lower fluoroquinolone levels in well water and soil did not. We could not find support for an enrichment of qnr in fecal samples from people living in the fluoroquinolone-contaminated villages. However, as qnr was detected in 91% of all Indian fecal samples (24% of the Swedish) it suggests that the spread of qnr between people is currently a dominating transmission route.
  •  
35.
  • Rutgersson, Carolin, 1983, et al. (författare)
  • Fluoroquinolones and qnr genes in sediment, well water, soil and human fecal flora in an Indian environment polluted by drug manufacturing
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 48:14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is increasing concern that environmental antibiotic pollution promotes transfer of resistance genes to the human microbiota. Here, fluoroquinolone-polluted river sediment, well water, irrigated farmland, and human fecal flora of local villagers within a pharmaceutical industrial region in India were analyzed for quinolone resistance (qnr) genes by quantitative PCR. Similar samples from Indian villages farther away from industrial areas, as well as fecal samples from Swedish study participants and river sediment from Sweden, were included for comparison. Fluoroquinolones were detected by MS/MS in well water and soil from all villages located within three km from industrially polluted waterways. Quinolone resistance genes were detected in 42% of well water, 7% of soil samples and in 100% and 18% of Indian and Swedish river sediments, respectively. High antibiotic concentrations in Indian sediment coincided with high abundances of qnr, whereas lower fluoroquinolone levels in well water and soil did not. We could not find support for an enrichment of qnr in fecal samples from people living in the fluoroquinolone-contaminated villages. However, as qnr was detected in 91% of all Indian fecal samples (24% of the Swedish) it suggests that the spread of qnr between people is currently a dominating transmission route.
  •  
36.
  • Schütze, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • The importance of discretion for welfare services to minorities : Examining workload and anti‐immigration attitudes
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Australian journal of public administration. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0313-6647 .- 1467-8500. ; 79:4, s. 426-443
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Migration influx in Western countries resulting in increas-ingly diverse societies results in more complex situationsfor bureaucrats in their client interactions in welfareorganizations. The role of discretion for services to clientshas received much attention in the public administrationresearch and therefore this study explores the relationamong perceived workload, anti-immigration attitudes,perceived discretion, and perceived difficulty in workingwith migrants. The paper examines the function of per-ceived discretion as moderator or mediator variable inthis constellation. The relations are examined by usingstructural equation modelling based on a survey amongSwedish welfare bureaucrats (N = 1,319). The results showthat heavier perceived workload increased the likelihoodof experiencing work with migrants as difficult and thatgreater perceived discretion decreased the likelihood ofexperiencing work with migrants as difficult. The resultssuggest that perceived discretion functions as a mediatorfor the relation between perceived workload and difficultyin work with migrants: potentially functioning as a ‘buffer’for organizational pressure. We also found that bureaucratswho hold negative attitudes towards migrants were morelikely to express their work with migrants as more diffi-cult. This paper contributes to the public administrationliterature by increasing our knowledge on how discretion has significance in relation to when bureaucrat’s behaviouris determined by specific organizational and personalfactors.
  •  
37.
  • Schütze, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • The importance of discretion for welfare services to minorities : Examining workload and anti-immigration attitudes
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Australian Journal of Public Administration. - : Wiley. - 0313-6647 .- 1467-8500. ; 79:4, s. 426-443
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Migration influx in Western countries resulting in increasingly diverse societies results in more complex situations for bureaucrats in their client interactions in welfare organizations. The role of discretion for services to clients has received much attention in the public administration research and therefore this study explores the relation among perceived workload, anti-immigration attitudes, perceived discretion, and perceived difficulty in working with migrants. The paper examines the function of perceived discretion as moderator or mediator variable in this constellation. The relations are examined by using structural equation modelling based on a survey among Swedish welfare bureaucrats (N = 1,319). The results show that heavier perceived workload increased the likelihood of experiencing work with migrants as difficult and that greater perceived discretion decreased the likelihood of experiencing work with migrants as difficult. The results suggest that perceived discretion functions as a mediator for the relation between perceived workload and difficulty in work with migrants: potentially functioning as a ‘buffer’ for organizational pressure. We also found that bureaucrats who hold negative attitudes towards migrants were more likely to express their work with migrants as more difficult. This paper contributes to the public administration literature by increasing our knowledge on how discretion has significance in relation to when bureaucrat's behaviour is determined by specific organizational and personal factors.
  •  
38.
  • Seefeldt, A. Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • Direct measurements of erythromycin’s effect on protein synthesis kinetics in living bacterial cells
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 433:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin, bind to the nascent peptide exit tunnel (NPET) of the bacterial ribosome and modulate protein synthesis depending on the nascent peptide sequence. Whereas in vitro biochemical and structural methods have been instrumental in dissecting and explaining the molecular details of macrolide-induced peptidyl-tRNA drop-off and ribosome stalling, the dynamic effects of the drugs on ongoing protein synthesis inside live bacterial cells are far less explored. In the present study, we used single-particle tracking of dye-labeled tRNAs to study the kinetics of mRNA translation in the presence of erythromycin, directly inside live Escherichia coli cells. In erythromycin-treated cells, we find that the dwells of elongator tRNA(Phe) on ribosomes extend significantly, but they occur much more seldom. In contrast, the drug barely affects the ribosome binding events of the initiator tRNA(fMet). By overexpressing specific short peptides, we further find context-specific ribosome binding dynamics of tRNA(Phe), underscoring the complexity of erythromycin's effect on protein synthesis in bacterial cells.
  •  
39.
  •  
40.
  • Volkov, Ivan, et al. (författare)
  • Tracking of single tRNAs for translation kinetics measurements in chloramphenicol treated bacteria
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Methods. - : Elsevier. - 1046-2023 .- 1095-9130. ; 162-163, s. 23-30
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting the protein synthesis machinery by binding to the bacterial ribosome. Chloramphenicol has been considered a classic general inhibitor of translation, blocking the accommodation of aa-tRNA into the A site of the large ribosomal subunit. However, recent studies suggest that this proposed mechanism is a simplification and that the effect of chloramphenicol on mRNA translation is much more dynamic. By tracking single dye-labelled elongator and initiator tRNAs in Escherichia coli cells treated with chloramphenicol, we observe the direct effect of chloramphenicol on translation kinetics. We find clear indications of slow but significant mRNA translation on drug bound ribosomes.
  •  
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