| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Elin Möller, et al.
(författare)
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Clinicopathological concordance in cognitive disease diagnostics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Neuropathology. - 0722-5091. ; 39:3, s. 99-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurocognitive disorder encompasses many separate diagnoses, such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), vascular dementia (VaD), and mixed dementia (MD). Because of the many variations between and within each subtype, it may be a challenge to clinically diagnose each condition. In a previous study on 176 dementia patients in a university hospital cohort between the years 1996 and 2006, a full diagnostic concordance of 49% was demonstrated between clinical diagnoses and pathological morphology [1]. The aims of this study were to do a follow-up on diagnostic concordance from the subsequent 10 years (2007 - 2016) and to compare the results with the previous study from 2009. In all cases of neuropathologically diagnosed dementia disorders (n = 324), the clinical records were searched for information on the clinical diagnosis of dementia, including on subtype. All individuals who had been diagnosed by a specialist were selected (n = 210). In this study, a full concordance between clinical diagnoses and neuropathological morphology was found in 61% of individuals, with marked variations between subgroups, including the lowest (31%) in the group of VaD. Vigilance in clinicopathological concordance is important for quality maintenance as well as the improvement of skills in diagnostic work. In light of the previous study, VaD one decade later remains elusive. The unmasking of this complicated and multifaceted disorder may be beneficial to the overall diagnostic accuracy in cognitive disease investigations.
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| 3. |
- Callaghan, Terry, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Decadal Changes in Tundra Environments and Ecosystems : Synthesis of the International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (IPY-BTF)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 40:6, s. 705-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the responses of tundra systemsto global change has global implications. Most tundraregions lack sustained environmental monitoring and oneof the only ways to document multi-decadal change is toresample historic research sites. The International PolarYear (IPY) provided a unique opportunity for such researchthrough the Back to the Future (BTF) project (IPY project#512). This article synthesizes the results from 13 paperswithin this Ambio Special Issue. Abiotic changes includeglacial recession in the Altai Mountains, Russia; increasedsnow depth and hardness, permafrost warming, andincreased growing season length in sub-arctic Sweden;drying of ponds in Greenland; increased nutrient availabilityin Alaskan tundra ponds, and warming at mostlocations studied. Biotic changes ranged from relativelyminor plant community change at two sites in Greenland tomoderate change in the Yukon, and to dramatic increasesin shrub and tree density on Herschel Island, and in subarcticSweden. The population of geese tripled at one sitein northeast Greenland where biomass in non-grazed plotsdoubled. A model parameterized using results from a BTFstudy forecasts substantial declines in all snowbeds andincreases in shrub tundra on Niwot Ridge, Colorado overthe next century. In general, results support and provideimproved capacities for validating experimental manipulation,remote sensing, and modeling studies.
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| 4. |
- Elias, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Governance: att styra med insikt snarare än avsikt. : en studie om flernivåstyrning och sektorssamverkan i Göteborg och Malmö
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift diskuterar aktiviteter i och resultat av ett pilotprojekt inom Mistra Urban Futures, kallat Multi-level governance. Pilotprojektets fokus har varit flernivåstyrning eller, vilket kommer att diskuteras senare, kanske snarare sektorssamverkan. Mistra Urban Futures (fortsättningsvis MURF) är ett transdisciplinärt kunskapscenter, lokaliserat i Göteborg sedan 2010. Centret är ett konsortium med Mistra som huvudfinansiär, men där även SIDA, Göteborgs Stad, Chalmers, Göteborgs universitet, Västra Götalandsregionen, Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland, Göteborgskommunens kommunalförbund och IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet står för både finansiering och kunskapande. Kunskapscentret är således uppbyggt både av forskningsmiljöer och förvaltningar och myndigheter som på olika vis praktiskt arbetar med att genomföra hållbar urban utveckling. Centrets första år har präglats av en sökande verksamhet med olika öppna workshops och föreläsningar, med syfte att generera input till de kunskapsprojekt som skall prägla verksamheten under det kommande knappa decenniet. Pilotprojekten har varit fem stycken till antalet och har fokuserat olika problem eller möjligheter för hållbar urban utveckling, exempelvis klimatförändringar, medborgarinflytande och näringslivsfrågor. Pilotprojekten, som pågick mellan april 2010 till och med slutet av 2011, har inledningsvis tjänat som centrets huvudsakliga processer avseende input till den framtida kunskapande verksamheten.1 Varje pilotprojekt har haft ett delat ledarskap, med en forskare och en praktiker, som tillsammans lett en arbetsgrupp huvudsakligen – men inte uteslutande – bestående av representanter från konsortiets parter. Även arbetsgrupperna har varit bemannade av såväl forskare som praktiker. Utgångspunkten för detta är att Mistra Urban Futures har ett transdisciplinärt kunskapande som en grundläggande utgångspunkt.2 I MURF uttrycks detta allmänt som att alla är kunskapsbärare och att alla är kunskapsproducenter. Vetenskaplig kunskap och praktisk kunskap skall i det här sammanhanget arbeta tillsammans. Det är den förutsättningar för att skapa hållbar urban utveckling. I projektgruppen för det pilotprojekt som avrapporteras i denna skrift, har Lars Lilled (Göteborgs Stad, Social resursförvaltning/S2020), Kerstin Elias Göteborgsregionens kommunalförbund (GR) och White), Elin Johansson (Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland och Kungsbacka kommun), Jan Gustafsson (Trafikverket), Ylva Löf (Göteborgs Stad, Stadsbyggnadskontoret och GR) och Magnus Johansson (Malmö högskola, institutionen för urbana studier och institutet för hållbar stadsutveckling (ISU)) deltagit vid sidan av projektledarna Joakim Forsemalm (Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg Research Institute och Radar Arkitektur och Planering) och Stig Montin (Göteborgs- och Örebros universitet).
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| 5. |
- Feng, Xiaoshuang, et al.
(författare)
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Lung cancer risk discrimination of prediagnostic proteomics measurements compared with existing prediction tools
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 115:9, s. 1050-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We sought to develop a proteomics-based risk model for lung cancer and evaluate its risk-discriminatory performance in comparison with a smoking-based risk model (PLCOm2012) and a commercially available autoantibody biomarker test.METHODS: We designed a case-control study nested in 6 prospective cohorts, including 624 lung cancer participants who donated blood samples at most 3 years prior to lung cancer diagnosis and 624 smoking-matched cancer free participants who were assayed for 302 proteins. We used 470 case-control pairs from 4 cohorts to select proteins and train a protein-based risk model. We subsequently used 154 case-control pairs from 2 cohorts to compare the risk-discriminatory performance of the protein-based model with that of the Early Cancer Detection Test (EarlyCDT)-Lung and the PLCOm2012 model using receiver operating characteristics analysis and by estimating models' sensitivity. All tests were 2-sided.RESULTS: The area under the curve for the protein-based risk model in the validation sample was 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70 to 0.81) compared with 0.64 (95% CI = 0.57 to 0.70) for the PLCOm2012 model (Pdifference = .001). The EarlyCDT-Lung had a sensitivity of 14% (95% CI = 8.2% to 19%) and a specificity of 86% (95% CI = 81% to 92%) for incident lung cancer. At the same specificity of 86%, the sensitivity for the protein-based risk model was estimated at 49% (95% CI = 41% to 57%) and 30% (95% CI = 23% to 37%) for the PLCOm2012 model.CONCLUSION: Circulating proteins showed promise in predicting incident lung cancer and outperformed a standard risk prediction model and the commercialized EarlyCDT-Lung.
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| 6. |
- Forsemalm, Joakim, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Governance - att styra med insikt snarare än avsikt
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift diskuterar aktiviteter i och resultat av ett pilotprojekt inom Mistra Urban Futures, kallat Multi-level governance. Pilotprojektets fokus har varit flernivåstyrning, eller snarare sektorssamverkan. Att hålla historien om samverkansprocessen levande, att den bör få ett tydligt slut och att samlas kring ett varumärke är några av de faktorer för framgångsrikt samarbete och lärande som projektet identifierat. Men hjälp av detta samt övriga identifierade faktorer hoppas man lättare kunna bemöta komplexiteten i frågorna kring hållbar stadsutveckling som är en stor utmaning för lokal och regional politik samt förvaltning eftersom olika former av samverkan ofta ses som centrala för att möta denna utmaning.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of indigestible carbohydrates in barley on glucose metabolism, appetite and voluntary food intake over 16 h in healthy adults
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recent knowledge in animals suggests that gut microbial metabolism may affect host metabolism, including appetite regulating hormones. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effects of a whole grain barley kernel product, rich in intrinsic indigestible carbohydrates (dietary fibre and resistant starch), on markers of metabolism and appetite regulation in healthy subjects. Methods: Boiled barley kernels (BK) or white wheat bread (WWB; reference) were provided as late evening meals to 19 young adults in random order using a cross-over design. During subsequent ad libitum standardized breakfast and lunch meals (10.5-16 h), blood was collected for analysis of glucose, plasma insulin, adiponectin, ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), serum free fatty acids (FFA) and interleukin (IL)-6. In addition, appetite sensations, voluntary energy intake and breath H-2 were determined. Results: BK as evening meal increased plasma GLP-1 at fasting (P < 0.05) and during the experimental day (P < 0.01) compared with WWB. In addition the BK evening meal decreased fasting serum FFA (P < 0.05) and tended to decrease fasting serum IL-6 (P = 0.06). At lunch, preceded by BK evening meal, voluntary energy intake was decreased (P < 0.05) when compared to WWB evening meal. The BK evening meal decreased incremental blood glucose area (P < 0.01), promoted higher breath H2 (P < 0.001), maintained adiponectin concentrations (P < 0.05) and reduced perceived hunger (P < 0.05) during 10.5-16 h after the meal. Conclusions: The results indicate that the BK evening meal, facilitate glucose regulation, increase the release of GLP-1, reduce subsequent energy intake while at the same time decreasing hunger over 2 subsequent meals, and reduce fasting FFA the subsequent morning, possibly mediated through gut microbial fermentation of the indigestible carbohydrates.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of wheat bran extract rich in arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and resistant starch on overnight glucose tolerance and markers of gut fermentation in healthy young adults.
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6215 .- 1436-6207.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specific combinations of dietary fiber (DF) have been observed to result in improved glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardized breakfast. Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are considered as DF with prebiotic potential, but so far no studies have investigated their metabolic effects in humans. This randomized cross-over study evaluated the overnight impact of breads containing AXOS-rich wheat bran extract and resistant starch (RS, Hi-Maize), separately or combined, on glucose tolerance, related metabolic parameters and markers of gut fermentation in healthy subjects.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kindstedt, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Association between marginal jawbone loss and the onset of rheumatoid arhtritis and relationship to plasma levels of RANKL
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 70:4, s. 508-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate whether periodontitis, characterized by marginal jawbone loss, precedes the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to analyze plasma levels of RANKL (a cytokine that is crucial for bone resorption) and anti–citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPAs) in presymptomatic individuals compared with matched referent controls.Methods: Marginal jawbone loss was measured on dental radiographs of the premolar/molar regions in the jaws in 176 subjects, 93 of whom subsequently developed RA. Among these participating subjects, 46 had documented radiographs predating symptom onset, and 45 cases could be matched to controls, according to sex, age, and smoking status. Plasma RANKL concentrations were analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to define the cutoff value for RANKL positivity.Results: Bone loss was significantly greater in presymptomatic subjects classified as never smokers compared with that in controls, and increasing levels of bone loss were associated with a higher risk of the subsequent development of RA (hazard ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.05). No association between jawbone loss and RA was observed in smokers. A significantly greater extent of marginal jawbone loss was detected in RANKL‐positive presymptomatic subjects, and even more pronounced jawbone loss was observed in those who were positive for both RANKL and ACPA.Conclusion: Marginal jawbone loss preceded the clinical onset of RA symptoms, but this was observed only in nonsmokers. Moreover, marginal jawbone loss was significantly greater in RANKL‐positive presymptomatic subjects compared with RANKL‐negative presymptomatic subjects and was highest in presymptomatic subjects positive for both ACPA and RANKL.
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| 11. |
- Kindstedt, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Marginal jawbone loss is associated with onset of rheumatoid arthritis and is related to plasma level of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B-ligand (RANKL)
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether periodontitis, displayed as marginal jawbone loss, preceded onset of symptoms of RA. Furthermore, we analysed plasma levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANKL), a cytokine crucial for bone resorption and of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) in pre-symptomatic individuals compared with controls.METHODS: Marginal jawbone levels were measured on dental radiographs from the premolar/molar regions of the jaws of 176 subjects of whom 93 had developed RA. Of these, 47 had documented radiographs predating symptom onset and for 45 of them sex, age and smoking status referents could be matched. The plasma RANKL concentrations were analysed using ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to define the cut-off value.RESULTS: Compared with matched referents, bone loss was significantly higher in never-smoking, pre-symptomatic subjects and increasing levels of bone loss was associated with higher risk to develop subsequent RA (hazard ratio=1.06, 95%CI 1.01, 1.11). No association was found in smokers. In the pre- symptomatic RANKL-positive individuals a significantly higher extent of marginal jawbone loss, and those who were both RANKL- and ACPA positive displayed an even more pronounced jawbone loss.CONCLUSIONS: Marginal jawbone loss preceded clinical onset of symptoms of RA but the difference was only manifested in non-smokers. Moreover, pre- symptomatic RA-individuals, who were RANKL positive, displayed a significantly higher degree of marginal jawbone loss, particularly in ACPA positive individuals.
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| 12. |
- Kindstedt, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) and Marginal Jawbone Loss Predates the Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/Purpose: Previous studies have shown a higher incidence of alveolar bone loss in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and that patients with periodontitis are at a greater risk for developing RA. Periodontitis, displayed as marginal jawbone loss was analysed in individuals prior to symptom onset of RA and related to plasma levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANKL), a cytokine crucial for bone resorption. Methods: A case-control study performed within the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden included 232 pre-symptomatic individuals with blood samples donated before symptom onset and 194 controls. A questionnaire on self-assed dental status and smoking status was retrieved. Dental radiographs to evaluate marginal jawbone levels were available from 93 pre-symptomatic individuals (mean age; 56.8 95%CI55.9, 57.7 years and pre-dating time; -5.3 95%CI -12.2, -0.2, 74.2% females) and 83 controls (mean age; 55.5 95%CI54.6, 56.5, 73.5% females) . Of these individuals 45 had radiograph documentations prior to development of RA symptoms and to whom sex, age and smoking status could be matched among the controls. Plasma were analysed for RANKL (BioVendor, Karasek, Czech Republic), and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) (anti-CCP2 test, Eurodiagnostics, Sweden) from similar time points. Results: Compared to matched controls, total bone loss was significantly higher in never-smokers who developed RA but not in smokers and increasing levels on total jawbone loss was associated with a significantly higher odds to be diagnosed with RA later (OR=1.06, 95%CI 1.01, 1.11). Regardless of smoking status, the number of unaffected teeth did not differ significantly between those who were subsequently diagnosed with RA and their matched controls. In the pre-symptomatic individuals RANKL positive individuals had significantly higher extent of marginal jawbone loss, which was further increased in ACPA positive individuals. Previously documented association between smoking and ageing and marginal jawbone loss was verified. Conclusion: Marginal jawbone loss preceded onset of symptoms of RA but the difference was only manifested in non-smokers. Moreover, marginal jawbone loss and plasma RANKL levels were related in the pre-symptomatic individuals particularly in ACPA positive individuals.
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| 13. |
- Lysholm, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Seroepidemiology of selected transboundary animal diseases in goats in Zambia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transboundary pathogens of goats present significant constraints to the livelihoods of millions of farmers in countries such as Zambia. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), Brucella spp., Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Zambian goats. Another aim was to identify associations between seroprevalence and different predictor variables, such as trade and border proximity. From September to October 2019, 962 serum samples were collected from goats in seven Zambian districts, four of which have an international border while the remaining three do not. A questionnaire survey was conducted with each household, focusing on trade routines, management strategies and herd disease history. Animal-level seroprevalence adjusted for herd-level clustering was 8.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 7.5-9.0) for Mccp, 12.9% (95% CI 12.0-13.7) for FMDV, 13.0 % (95% CI 12.1-13.9) for Brucella spp., 3.3 % (95% CI 2.8-3.7) for CCHFV, and 0.4 % (95 % CI 0.3-0.7) for RVFV. The association between herd-level seroprevalence and border proximity and trade appeared negligible, with the exception of selling goats at least twice a year which was identified as a potential risk factor for Brucella spp. (OR 4.1, 95 % CI 1.1-16.0, p = 0.040). In addition, a positive association between herd-level seroprevalence of FMDV and a herd size of 21 goats or more (OR 3.3, 95 % CI 1.0-11.1, p = 0.049) was detected. Also, positive associations between animal-level seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and increasing age (OR 7.7, 95 % CI 1.5-40.7, p = 0.016), and CCHFV and keeping pigs in the household (OR 2.7, 95 % CI 1.0-7.1, p = 0.044), were found. For FMDV (OR 3.8, 95 % CI 1.4-10.9, p = 0.011) and Brucella spp. (OR 4.5, 95 % CI 1.2-17.3, p = 0.031) on the other hand, animal-level seroprevalence was significantly higher in households without pigs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to describe the presence of antibodies for CCPP and CCHF in the Zambian goat population. While the association between seroprevalence and trade and border proximity generally appeared negligible, it is recommended that their influence is further evaluated in future studies, preferably through in-depth longitudinal studies incorporating impacts of different biosecurity measures and trade variations, linked to for example seasonality and trade peaks.
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| 14. |
- Midttun, Øivind, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-sectional study of inflammatory markers as determinants of circulating kynurenines in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating concentrations of metabolites (collectively called kynurenines) in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism increase during inflammation, particularly in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Neopterin and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) are IFN-γ induced inflammatory markers, and together with C-reactive protein (CRP) and kynurenines they are associated with various diseases, but comprehensive data on the strength of associations of inflammatory markers with circulating concentrations of kynurenines are lacking. We measured circulating concentrations of neopterin, CRP, tryptophan and seven kynurenines in 5314 controls from 20 cohorts in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). The associations of neopterin, KTR and CRP with kynurenines were investigated using regression models. In mixed models, one standard deviation (SD) higher KTR was associated with a 0.46 SD higher quinolinic acid (QA), and 0.31 SD higher 3-hydroxykynurenine (HK). One SD higher neopterin was associated with 0.48, 0.44, 0.36 and 0.28 SD higher KTR, QA, kynurenine and HK, respectively. KTR and neopterin respectively explained 24.1% and 16.7% of the variation in QA, and 11.4% and 7.5% of HK. CRP was only weakly associated with kynurenines in regression models. In summary, QA was the metabolite that was most strongly associated with the inflammatory markers. In general, the inflammatory markers were most strongly related to metabolites located along the tryptophan-NAD axis, which may support suggestions of increased production of NAD from tryptophan during inflammation.
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| 15. |
- Wilhelmson, Anna S K, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Intimal Hyperplasia After Vascular Injury in Male Androgen Receptor-Deficient Mice
- 2016
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 157:10, s. 3915-3923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intimal hyperplasia is a vascular pathological process involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Data suggest that T, the most important sex steroid hormone in males, protects men from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. T mainly acts via the androgen receptor (AR), and in this study we evaluated formation of intimal hyperplasia in male AR knockout (ARKO) mice using a vascular injury model. Two weeks after ligation of the carotid artery, male ARKO mice showed increased intimal area and intimal thickness compared with controls. After endothelial denudation by an in vivo scraping injury, there was no difference in the reendothelialization in ARKO compared with control mice. Ex vivo, we observed increased outgrowth of vascular smooth muscle cells from ARKO compared with control aortic tissue explants; the number of outgrown cells was almost doubled in ARKO. In vitro, stimulation of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells with a physiological T concentration inhibited both migration and proliferation of the cells. Analyzing the expression of central regulators of cell proliferation and migration, we found that mRNA and protein levels of p27 were lower in uninjured arteries from ARKO mice and that T replacement to castrated male mice increased p27 mRNA in an AR-dependent manner. In conclusion, AR deficiency in male mice increases intimal hyperplasia in response to vascular injury, potentially related to the effects of androgens/AR to inhibit proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells.
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| 16. |
- Zahed, Hana, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40–80 years from 20 cohorts in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Centralized biochemical analyses of 40 biomarkers in plasma or serum were performed. We fit multivariable linear mixed effects models to quantify variation in standardized biomarker log-concentrations across four factors: age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Differences in most biomarkers across most factors were small, with 93% (186/200) of analyses showing an estimated difference lower than 0.25 standard-deviations, although most were statistically significant due to large sample size. The largest difference was for creatinine by sex, which was − 0.91 standard-deviations lower in women than men (95%CI − 0.98; − 0.84). The largest difference by age was for total cysteine (0.40 standard-deviation increase per 10-year increase, 95%CI 0.36; 0.43), and by BMI was for C-reactive protein (0.38 standard-deviation increase per 5-kg/m2 increase, 95%CI 0.34; 0.41). For 31 of 40 markers, the mean difference between current and never smokers was larger than between former and never smokers. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with time since smoking cessation was observed for 8 markers, including C-reactive protein, kynurenine, choline, and total homocysteine. We conclude that most blood biomarkers show small variations across demographic characteristics. Patterns by smoking status point to normalization of multiple physiological processes after smoking cessation.
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| 17. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 18. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 20. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 91:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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Identification and energy calibration of hadronically decaying tau leptons with the ATLAS experiment in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 75:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the trigger and offline reconstruction, identification and energy calibration algorithms for hadronic decays of tau leptons employed for the data collected from pp collisions in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC center-of-mass energy root s = 8 TeV. The performance of these algorithms is measured in most cases with Z decays to tau leptons using the full 2012 dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1). An uncertainty on the offline reconstructed tau energy scale of 2-4%, depending on transverse energy and pseudorapidity, is achieved using two independent methods. The offline tau identification efficiency is measured with a precision of 2.5% for hadronically decaying tau leptons with one associated track, and of 4% for the case of three associated tracks, inclusive in pseudorapidity and for a visible transverse energy greater than 20 GeV. For hadronic tau lepton decays selected by offline algorithms, the tau trigger identification efficiency is measured with a precision of 2-8%, depending on the transverse energy. The performance of the tau algorithms, both offline and at the trigger level, is found to be stable with respect to the number of concurrent proton-proton interactions and has supported a variety of physics results using hadronically decaying tau leptons at ATLAS.
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- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08003
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.
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