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Sökning: WFRF:(Johansson Jan 1949 )

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1.
  • Adolfsson, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 72,028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of > 100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score <6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged > or =75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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2.
  • Varenhorst, Eberhard, 1937-, et al. (författare)
  • The National Prostate Cancer Register in Sweden 1998-2002 : trends in incidence, treatment and survival
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 39:2, s. 117-123
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To provide a descriptive review of the establishment of the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR) in Sweden, to present clinical characteristics at diagnosis and to calculate the relative survival of different risk groups after 5 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 1998, data on all newly diagnosed prostate cancers, including TNM classification, grade of malignancy, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and treatment, have been prospectively collected. For the 35,223 patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2002, relative survival in different risk groups has been calculated. RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2002, 96% of all prostate cancer cases diagnosed in Sweden were registered in the NPCR. The number of new cases increased from 6137 in 1998 to 7385 in 2002. The age-standardized rate rose in those aged < 70 years, while it was stable, or possibly declining from 1999, in the older age groups. The proportion of T1c tumours increased from 14% to 28% of all recorded cases. The age-adjusted incidence of advanced tumours (M1 or PSA > 100 ng/ml) decreased by 17%. The proportion of patients receiving curative treatment doubled. Patients with N1 or M1 disease or poorly differentiated tumours (G3 or Gleason score 8-10) had a markedly reduced relative 5-year survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to establish a nationwide prostate cancer register including basic data for assessment of the disease in the whole of Sweden. The introduction of PSA screening has increased the detection of early prostate cancer in younger men and, to a lesser extent, decreased the incidence of advanced disease. The effect of these changes on mortality is obscure but the NPCR in Sweden will serve as an important tool in such evaluation.
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3.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • A Post-Analysis of the Introduction of the EU Directive 92/57/EEC in the Swedish Construction Industry
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 12:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The EU directive 92/57/EEC focuses on ensuring that health and safety-related matters are taken into consideration during every stage of construction-related work and has been introduced into the regulations of the member countries. In 2006, Sweden was tasked by the European Commission to clarify its implementation of the directive, including which management roles and responsibilities were to come into effect during both the planning and eventual execution of construction work—changes that ultimately were introduced into the national regulations in 2009. Focusing on the accident trends in the construction industry in the years immediately following these regulatory changes, we find that the new management roles and responsibilities had no apparent effect on the accident rates. Furthermore, we argue that there is a need to broaden the analysis regarding the implementation of the EU directive 92/57/EEC to also include nation-specific changes to health and safety management and policy. These qualitative studies should also include a dedicated focus on how changes to management structures and processes may affect the prevalence of occupational diseases specifically.
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4.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • Byggindustrins säkerhetspark - ett program för säkerhetskultur : Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin
  • 2020
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Denna rapport är en kunskapsöversikt som beskriver internationell forskning om säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsarbete i byggindustrin. I rapporten diskuteras inledningsvis hur säkerhetskultur kan förstås i relation till organisationskultur och att mycket av de distinktioner som görs inom säkerhetskulturforskningen inom byggbranschen är avhängig synen på kulturbegreppet. I den forskning som studerats i denna litteraturöversikt är det vanligt med en mer normativ ansats, dvs., den är inte neutral utan den syftar till säkerhet. Det verkar inte vara lika vanligt med säkerhetskultur-forskning som i grunden har en tolkande ansats och som ställer sig mer neutral till huruvida kulturen i sig alltid leder till en högre grad av säkerhet. Med en sådan ansats kan dock säkerhetskulturens olika delar i högre grad analyseras utan att vara upptagen med dess koppling till en normativ syn på säkerhetskultur. Med utgångpunkt i den tidigare forskningen ger vi slutligen förslag på ett antal aktiviteter som skulle kunna införlivas i säkerhetsparken som ett sätt att stärka dess säkerhetsfrämjande arbete.
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5.
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6.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • Byggindustrins säkerhetspark – ett program för säkerhetskultur : Resultat och rekommendationer
  • 2023
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Den svenska byggindustrin har gjort stora satsningar de senaste åren för att öka medvetenheten om vikten av att arbeta säkert. En del i denna satsning är att Byggföretagen (före detta Sveriges Byggindustrier) har byggt en säkerhetspark, dvs. en anläggning där de som arbetar inom industrin utbildas om säkerhet och får möjlighet att gemensamt reflektera över säkerhetsrelaterade frågor.Vår forskargrupp vid Luleå tekniska universitet, har följt parkens etablering med syfte att undersöka hur frågor rörande säkerhetskultur kan och har integrerats i säkerhetsparkens aktiviteter. Projektet finns redovisat i tre rapporter. Den första är en kartläggning av internationell forskning inom området säkerhetskultur, säkerhetsarbete och säkerhetsträning och finns redovisad i Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin (Berglund et al, 2020). Den andra redovisar en kartläggning och karaktärisering av vilka säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskulturer som finns hos Sveriges byggindustriers medlemsföretag. Den studien har presenterats i Delrapport 2: Säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskultur i svensk byggindustri (Berglund et al, 2021). I denna tredje rapport som vi kallar Resultat och rekommendationer, presenterar vi en samlad analys av parkens verksamhet och avslutar med ett antal förslag till hur säkerhetsparken kan utvecklas vidare. I rapporten kan vi konstatera att säkerhetsparken finns på plats och har verkat i drygt tre år. Den består av ett stort antal stationer eller scenarion där ett antal arbetsområden, arbetssituationer och arbetsmoment speglas. Ett besök inleds inomhus med en introduktion där det besökande företaget eller skolan ges en inledande beskrivning av parkens innehåll och syfte och där ett flertal frågeställningar introduceras och diskuteras. Därefter fortsätter besöket utomhus genom att man besöker ett antal stationer som är utformade enligt den pedagogiska principen ”se, höra, göra och reflektera”. Valet av stationer som besöks görs i samråd med handledare och med det besökande företaget. Dagen avslutas på samma sätt som den inleddes, inomhus, med reflektioner om lärdomar att ta med sig hem till det egna företaget. Parken fungerar också som en display av aktuell utveckling inom branschen, inte minst när det gäller nya verktyg, utrustning, material, arbetsmoment och liknande, allt med ett fokus på förbättrad arbetsmiljö och säkerhet. Säkerhetsparken besöks idag främst av byggföretag och byggelever men även av andra representanter från andra branscher. Vi har intervjuat nyckelpersoner med anknytning till parken och omdömen om parken och besöket har i huvudsak varit goda. Vår rapport avslutas med elva utvecklingsområden som vi tror kan bidra till att göra en bra verksamhet vid säkerhetsparken ännu bättre.1. Problematisera rådande säkerhetskulturer på fler ställen, kanske stationer eller i fler moment i anläggningen.2. Den pedagogiska modellen är bra och kan utnyttjas på fler ställen i anläggningen.3. Alla besök bör ha en tydlig och specifik företagsprofilering.4. Alla besökare ska ha en arbetsuppgift när de återvänder till företaget.5. Stationerna måste vara aktuella och spegla realistiska situationer.6. Säkerhetsparken bör vara ett centrum för lärande, utveckling och innovation.7. Säkerhetsparken kan vara ett skyltfönster för ny teknik och bra utrustning.8. Jämställdhetsfrågor bör integreras i säkerhetsparkens arbete.9. Ledningens betydelse för säkerhetskultur bör betonas.10.Säkerhetsparken kan bli en resurs för utbildning av utländsk arbetskraft.11.Säkerhetsparken bör dokumentera sina erfarenheter.
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7.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • Exploring safety culture research in the construction industry
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 76:2, s. 549-560
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Despite numerous regulatory initiatives to improve health and safety in the construction industry, it still ranks as one of the most accident-prone industries worldwide. A dedicated focus on safety culture has been suggested as a complement to laws, regulations and management systems.OBJECTIVE: This article explores safety culture research conducted in the construction industry, with the aim to provide insight into the specific themes that tend to be in focus as well as what theoretical and methodological approaches that tend to be favored.METHODS: Searches in scientific databases were conducted twice. In a first attempt, searches resulted in 54 hits but only two articles fit the scope of the study. A revision of the search phrase resulted in 124 hits. Ultimately, 17 articles fit the scope of the study and were included. The content of the articles was analyzed and sorted thematically.RESULTS: The results show that four themes are prevalent in the existing literature: 1) unique challenges entail a need for situated applications, 2) models developed to operationalize safety culture, 3) measuring safety culture, and 4) safety management and leadership as key factors.CONCLUSION:Although research focusing on the construction industry has come to favor certain study designs and definitions of safety culture, further research may be enriched by broadening the theoretical and methodological perspectives. Specifically, researchers should conduct more in-depth qualitative studies that take the complexity of the industry into account, including the interpersonal relations between the actors involved.
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8.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • Occupational accidents in Swedish construction trades
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 27:2, s. 552-561
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of this study is to anazlye accidents occurring in the Swedish construction industry focusing specifically on the situation in the individual trades. The article includes all occupational accidents with at least one day of absence from work that were reported to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency for the year of 2016. The results, focusing on accident cause, injured body parts, as well as accidents per weekday, month and age, show that although the trades share commonalities regarding occupational accidents a number of trade-specific problem areas stand out. With this in mind, conclusions are drawn regarding the situation in each respective trade and suggestions are made for future studies focusing on accidents in construction industry trades.
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9.
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10.
  • Berglund, Leif, et al. (författare)
  • Safety culture development in the construction industry : The case of a safety park in Sweden
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 9:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The problem of occupational accidents in the construction industry has necessitated a focus on proactive measures such as safety management programs. An example of this is safety parks, i.e. facilities where employees and managers from different construction companies can participate in site-specific activities and train in safety-related matters in a realistic context. Two specific focus areas are often present within these types of safety management programs: hands-on safety training and safety culture development as being within the purview of management. The purpose of this article is to investigate the developers’ intentions with the park in relation to safety culture development. Twenty interviews were conducted with experts in the area of health and safety. Results indicate that the safety park can contribute as a mirror for the companies own operations, with new information and knowledge of how work can be performed with safety being prioritized, to developing communication regarding safety-related matters, and finally the stations at the park may initiate a translation process as to how the lessons learned at the park can be applied to the participants’ own workplaces. All in all, the activities at the park can be said to be normative in nature, i.e. the developers seemingly have a desire to steer the safety culture development in a certain direction. There is a need for further research focusing on the concept of safety culture in these types of programs and, more broadly, in relation to its intended industry-wide effects.
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11.
  • Haghsheno, Mohammad-Ali, et al. (författare)
  • Low 25-OH Vitamin D Level is Associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE).
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: The Journal of urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1527-3792 .- 0022-5347. ; 190:2, s. 608-614
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that low levels of vitamin D were associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE). We also studied whether body composition, sex hormones, serum SHBG, albumin corrected serum calcium, adiponectin and lipid statuses were associated with BPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 184 representative randomly selected men aged 72 - 76 years, enrolled in the Gothenburg arm of the MrOs study, were investigated. Men with a medical history of prostate cancer, prostate operation or medication for BPE were excluded leaving 155 men to be analyzed. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which BPE, as measured by the total prostate gland volume, was related to clinical, anthropometric, endocrine and metabolic factors, using univariate and multivariate analyses with regression models. RESULTS: The median prostate volume was 40 ml. In multivariate models only 25-OH vitamin D, albumin corrected serum calcium, serum SHBG and HDL-cholesterol were significantly and inversely associated with large prostate glands. CONCLUSION: The present report adds four independent factors associated with BPE: Low levels of 25-OH vitamin D, serum calcium, SHBG and HDL-cholesterol.
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12.
  • Johansson, Bo, et al. (författare)
  • Deep Mining, Health, and Safety Aspects
  • 2023. - 1
  • Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Mineral and Energy Policy. - : Springer Nature. - 9783662474921 - 9783662474938 ; , s. 221-225
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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13.
  • Johansson, Jan, 1949-, et al. (författare)
  • Attracting young people to the mining industry : six recommendations
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1754-890X .- 1754-8918. ; 9:2, s. 94-108
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present workforce in the mining industry is ageing, and mining companies have difficulties recruiting young people who are not particularly interested in working in the industry. Simultaneously, mining companies tend to rely on contractors that offer volume flexibility and expertise, often in a combination that is economically appealing. This makes recruitment and development of the whole of the mining workforce complex. To recruit the right workforce, mining companies and their contractors need to cooperate and improve their knowledge about both attractive and repelling work features so that they can make wiser strategic decisions based on facts. On the basis of a Swedish context, we discuss different aspects of attractive workplaces and summarise our 'lessons learned' in six recommendations dealing with general health and safety issues, work organisation, competence development, gender equality, social responsibility and outsourcing.
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14.
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15.
  • Johansson, Jan, 1949-, et al. (författare)
  • Occupational safety in the construction industry
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 64:1, s. 21-32
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUNDThe paper is a research review focusing on occupational safety in the construction industry.OBJECTIVEThe purpose is to present research that highlights the areas of occupational safety and risks and to identify areas where research is lacking.METHODS326 articles from scientific journals, mainly covering the construction industry in Europe, Canada, USA, Australia and Japan have been studied. The findings are presented under 11 categories: accident statistics; individual factors; legislation and regulations; ethical considerations; risk management; leadership, management, organization; competence; safety design; cost-benefit calculations; programs and models; and technical solutions.RESULTSThe research is dominated by initiatives from researchers and government authorities, while the construction industry only appears as the object for the research. There is a scarcity of research on integrated systems encompassing subcontractors, as well as a lack of research with sociological perspectives on accidents. Furthermore, only a few studies have applied a gender perspective on safety in construction, i.e. there is a need of further research in this particular area.CONCLUSIONSA range of initiatives have been taken to increase safety in the construction industry and the initiatives are mainly reported to be successful. There are some cultural differences, but basically researchers present similar results regardless of country.
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16.
  • Lööw, Joel, et al. (författare)
  • Designing Ergonomic, Safe, and Attractive Mining Workplaces
  • 2018. - 1
  • Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The mining industry has experienced important improvements with regard to its safety record and work environment. But there is still room for further improvement and the mining industry now faces the challenge of securing a future workforce: The current workforce is aging, and mining work increasingly requires a more qualified workforce. Designing Ergonomic, Safe, and Attractive Mining Workplaces seeks to give an understanding of what must be considered in the design of mining workplaces. By reviewing and discussing the historic and current development of the mining industry as well as problems related to the safety, ergonomics, and attractiveness of mining workplaces, it demonstrates that the challenges facing the mining industry often need to be solved on a case-to-case basis.The processes through which these issues are managed are of significant importance. To facilitate a proactive approach, the book covers the principles of systematic work environment management, together with examples of methods for risk management and work environment monitoring. It introduces a systematic and iterative design and planning method for the mining industry. This method acknowledges that all relevant stakeholders must be able to influence the design of ergonomic, safe, and attractive mining workplaces.
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17.
  • Stattin, P., et al. (författare)
  • Geographical variation in incidence of prostate cancer in Sweden : Survey from the National Prostate Cancer Register
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 39:5, s. 372-379
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. To investigate the geographical variation in prostate cancer incidence in Sweden, in particular the incidences of screening-detected tumours and curative treatment of prostate cancer. Material and methods. Data were retrieved from the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden for all cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in the year 2000-01. There were a total of 14376 cases of prostate cancer and the mean total annual age-adjusted incidence was 197/100000 men. There were 3318 cases in tumour category T1c, i.e. non-palpable tumours diagnosed during work-up for an elevated serum level of prostate-specific antigen, 1006 of which (30%) were asymptomatic and detected at a health check-up. Results. The difference between the counties with the lowest and highest age-adjusted incidences per 1OO 000 men of total prostate cancer was almost twofold (128 vs 217). The corresponding variation in incidence of category Tie tumours was more than fourfold (13 vs 60), the difference in incidence of Tie tumours detected in asymptomatic men was up to 10-fold (2 vs 20), and there was more than a fourfold variation in incidence of curative treatment between counties (13 vs 67). Measured incidences were mostly highest in urban regions and in counties with university hospitals. Conclusion. There are large geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence and in the frequency of curative treatment for prostate cancer in Sweden and there appear to be large geographical variations in the uptake of prostate cancer screening. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
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18.
  • Abel, Edvard, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Impact on quality of life of IMRT versus 3-D conformal radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients: A case control study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Advances in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-1094. ; 2:3, s. 346-353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective The purpose of this study was to prospectively and longitudinally compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes between head and neck (HN) cancer patients treated with parotid-sparing intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and patients treated with 3-dimensional conventional radiation therapy (3D-CRT). Methods and materials Before and up to 12 months after treatment, HRQOL was recorded in patients with HN cancer who were referred to the Department of Oncology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital for curative IMRT. The study group's HRQOL was compared with a matched group of patients from previous descriptive HRQOL studies treated with 3D-CRT. Both groups' HRQOL was measured by the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer QLQ-C30 and European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer QLQ-HN35 at 6 time points in the first year after diagnosis. Results Two hundred and seven patients were included, 111 treated with IMRT and 96 matched controls treated with 3D-CRT. Both groups' HRQOL deteriorated during and after treatment. Just after treatment, worse HRQOL scores were observed in the IMRT group regarding insomnia (38 vs 27; P = .032), appetite loss (64 vs 50; P = .019), senses (54 vs 41; P = .017), and coughing (39 vs 26, P = .009). At 12 months, however, significantly better HRQOL scores were observed in the IMRT group regarding problems with dry mouth (72 vs 62; P = .018), pain (28 vs 20; P = .018), sexuality (37 vs 23; P = .016), social contacts (10 vs 6; P = .026), cognitive functioning (79 vs 87; P = .0057), and financial difficulties (12 vs 20; P = .0019). Conclusions This study further supports the hypothesis that the introduction of IMRT has improved the long-term quality of life of HN cancer patients who have been treated with radiation therapy, but might cause more acute side effects. Longer follow-up is needed to study late complications.
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19.
  • Abrahamsson, L., et al. (författare)
  • Behöver arbetslinjen inte forskning?
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet Brännpunkt (debattinlägg). ; :2007-11-28
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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20.
  • Abrahamsson, Lena, et al. (författare)
  • Can new technology challenge macho-masculinities? : The case of the mining industry
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Mineral Economics. - : Springer. - 2191-2203 .- 2191-2211. ; 34:2, s. 263-275
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim with this article is to discuss how changes in technology at workplaces engender both change and restoration of gender constructions within the context of underground mining. The discussions are formed around a constructed case based on material from gender and organizational studies of large-scale industrial mines in different countries, most of them from Sweden. New technologies such as digitalization and automation together with new organizational forms engender changes in mining work, e.g., new types of work tasks, new competence demands, and a move from underground to high-tech control rooms aboveground. One main observation is that the changes challenge the old and recalcitrant blue-collar mining masculinity. On the one hand, the organizational resistance and “lagging” seemed to result in re-gendering and restoration of the male dominance. On the other hand, there were tendencies to adaptation in the workplace cultures, including new ways of forming mining masculinities, perhaps even undoing of gender. The main conclusion is that the most probable development lies somewhere in-between and by analyzing such complex processes of gender, technology, and change future research can get more knowledge of changes of gender constructions in working life.
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21.
  • Abrahamsson, Lena, 1966-, et al. (författare)
  • Digitalisation and Sustainable work : obstacles and pathways
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Workplace Innovation. - : Universitetet i Agder. - 2387-4570. ; 6:2, s. 187-197
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Work is a central part of our lives in many aspects. Half of our awake time is for most of us performed as paid work. At work, we create the values we need to live the life we desire. At work, we are socialized and shaped into the human beings we are. We are all concerned about how our work will be in the future; will we be able to handle the new technology or will we be replaced by a robot? Do we see the new technology as The wolf is coming or God's gift to mankind? This is an existential question and the future work is shaped here and now. This means that we need to get a picture of what is happening so we can act, but we also need a vision of where we want to go. Our mission as a researcher is to find the pathways to the Sustainable work, but in order to to find the way, we sometimes have to take on the role of the wolf and ask the uncomfortable questions.
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22.
  • Ali, Imran, et al. (författare)
  • Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and prostate cancer : population-based prospective cohort and experimental studies
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press. - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 37:12, s. 1144-1151
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are highly persistent environmental pollutants and are undesirable components of our daily food. PCBs are classified as human carcinogens, but the evidence for prostate cancer is limited and available data are inconsistent. We explored the link between non-dioxin-like PCB and grade of prostate cancer in a prospective cohort as well as in cell experiments. A population-based cohort of 32496 Swedish men aged 45-79 years was followed prospectively through 1998-2011, to assess the association between validated estimates of dietary PCB exposure and incidence of prostate cancer by grade (2789 cases, whereof 1276 low grade, 756 intermediate grade, 450 high grade) and prostate cancer mortality (357 fatal cases). In addition, we investigated a non-dioxin-like PCB153-induced cell invasion and related markers in normal prostate stem cells (WPE-stem) and in three different prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, DU145 and 22RV1) at exposure levels relevant to humans. After multivariable-adjustment, dietary PCB exposure was positively associated with high-grade prostate cancer, relative risk (RR) 1.35 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.76] and with fatal prostate cancer, RR 1.43 (95% CI: 1.05-1.95), comparing the highest tertile with the lowest. We observed no association with low or intermediate grade of prostate cancer. Cell invasion and related markers, including MMP9, MMP2, Slug and Snail, were significantly increased in human prostate cancer cells as well as in prostate stem cells after exposure to PCB153. Our findings both from the observational and experimental studies suggest a role of non-dioxin-like PCB153 in the development of high-grade and fatal prostate cancer.
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23.
  • Andersson, Irene, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • Endothelial dysfunction in growth hormone transgenic mice
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Clinical Science. - 0143-5221 .- 1470-8736. ; 110:2, s. 217-25
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Acromegaly [overproduction of GH (growth hormone)] is associated with cardiovascular disease. Transgenic mice overexpressing bGH (bovine GH) develop hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia and could be a model for cardiovascular disease in acromegaly. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of excess GH on vascular function and to test whether oxidative stress affects endothelial function in bGH transgenic mice. We studied the ACh (acetylcholine)-induced relaxation response in aortic and carotid rings of young (9-11 weeks) and aged (22-24 weeks) female bGH transgenic mice and littermate control mice, without and with the addition of a free radical scavenger {MnTBAP [Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride]}. We also measured mRNA levels of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and EC-SOD (extracellular superoxide dismutase). Intracellular superoxide anion production in the vascular wall was estimated using a dihydroethidium probe. Carotid arteries from bGH transgenic mice had an impaired ACh-induced relaxation response (young, 46 +/- 7% compared with 69 +/- 8%; aged, 52 +/- 5% compared with 80 +/- 3%; P < 0.05), whereas endothelial function in aorta was intact in young but impaired in aged bGH transgenic mice. Endothelial dysfunction was corrected by addition of MnTBAP in carotid arteries from young mice and in aortas from aged mice; however, MnTBAP did not correct endothelial dysfunction in carotid arteries from aged bGH transgenic mice. There was no difference in intracellular superoxide anion production between bGH transgenic mice and control mice, whereas mRNA expression of EC-SOD and eNOS was increased in aortas from young bGH transgenic mice compared with control mice (P < 0.05). We interpret these data to suggest that bGH overexpression is associated with a time- and vessel-specific deterioration in endothelial function, initially caused by increased oxidative stress and later by other alterations in vascular function.
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24.
  • Bao, Jiangdong, et al. (författare)
  • Cleaner production assessment of group company based on improved AHP and grey relational analysis
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems. - : IOS Press. - 1064-1246 .- 1875-8967. ; 35:1, s. 439-444
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cleaner production assessment is a measure of the state and level of cleaner production, also a necessary method of promoting cleaner production in enterprises. For the purpose of the improvement of cleaner production of enterprises, improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model and grey relational analysis (GRA) are used to assess the same nature of the three enterprises of one group with seven quantitative indicators concordant with the Cleaner Production Report. The results are consistent with the clean production reports from three enterprises, which show that the integrated methods are feasible and objective, and can be used as a tool for internal cleaner production assessment.
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25.
  • Bao, Jiangdong, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation on Safety Benefits of Mining Industry Occupational Health and Safety Management System Based on DEA Model and Grey Relational Analysis
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering and Technology. - : International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology Press. - 1793-8236 .- 1793-8244. ; 10, s. 82-88
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mining industry safety production situation is becoming more and more severe in China with safety accidents occurring frequently, which is closely related to insufficient safety investments and unreasonable distribution. Additionally, it does not keep in line with the main purpose of occupation health and safety management system (OHSAS18001).In order to carry on the reasonable scientific disposition to the safety investments of the mining industry, increase safety investments efficiency and satisfy the requirements of OHSAS18001, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is adopted to calculate the safety investments, loss and output. Firstly, the analysis software MYDEA of DEA is used to calculate the results to obtain the evaluation result of safety benefits. Secondly, the target value of the improvement work in the aspect of investment is achieved by method of projection analysis when the decision making unit (DMUj0) of non DEA efficiency is changed into DEA efficiency. Lastly, it can be obtained on the basis of grey relational analysis (GM) that the investment amount of safety management and training of employees has the highest relation on the effective safety benefits of the mining industry. Thus, the investment of safety management and training of employees should be strengthened. This kind of empirical method of comprehensive model provides a direction and theoretical reference for safety investments benefits analysis and optimized investment structure, and a structure for the effective operation of mining industry occupational health and safety management system
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26.
  • Berg, Malin, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • A randomized study comparing the nutritional effects of radiotherapy with cetuximab versus cisplatin in patients with advanced head and neck cancer
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK. - 1043-3074 .- 1097-0347. ; 46:4, s. 760-771
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundHead and neck cancer (HNC) patients have a high risk of developing malnutrition. This randomized study aimed to compare the effect of weekly cisplatin or cetuximab combined with radiotherapy on weight loss at 3 months after treatment was started. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of malnutrition using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, feeding tube dependence and health related quality of life from a nutritional perspective.MethodsPatients from the ARTSCAN III study with advanced HNC were assessed for weight, body composition, enteral tube dependence and selected quality-of-life scores (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H&N35) at diagnosis and 6 weeks 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment initiation.ResultsOf the 80 patients, 38 and 42 were randomized to receive cetuximab and cisplatin treatment, respectively. There was no significant difference in weight loss at 3 months between the two study groups. However, the cetuximab group had significantly less weight loss, fewer enteral feeding tubes and better physical functioning at the end of treatment but more pain-related problems 3 months after treatment initiation. No differences between the groups were found at 6 and 12 months. The prevalence of malnutrition was not significantly different at any time point.ConclusionThe hypothesized benefit of concomitant treatment with cetuximab over cisplatin regarding the prevalence of malnutrition was not supported by this study.
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27.
  • Bill-Axelson, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - Waltham : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 370:10, s. 932-942
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundRadical prostatectomy reduces mortality among men with localized prostate cancer; however, important questions regarding long-term benefit remain. MethodsBetween 1989 and 1999, we randomly assigned 695 men with early prostate cancer to watchful waiting or radical prostatectomy and followed them through the end of 2012. The primary end points in the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4) were death from any cause, death from prostate cancer, and the risk of metastases. Secondary end points included the initiation of androgen-deprivation therapy. ResultsDuring 23.2 years of follow-up, 200 of 347 men in the surgery group and 247 of the 348 men in the watchful-waiting group died. Of the deaths, 63 in the surgery group and 99 in the watchful-waiting group were due to prostate cancer; the relative risk was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41 to 0.77; P=0.001), and the absolute difference was 11.0 percentage points (95% CI, 4.5 to 17.5). The number needed to treat to prevent one death was 8. One man died after surgery in the radical-prostatectomy group. Androgen-deprivation therapy was used in fewer patients who underwent prostatectomy (a difference of 25.0 percentage points; 95% CI, 17.7 to 32.3). The benefit of surgery with respect to death from prostate cancer was largest in men younger than 65 years of age (relative risk, 0.45) and in those with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (relative risk, 0.38). However, radical prostatectomy was associated with a reduced risk of metastases among older men (relative risk, 0.68; P=0.04). ConclusionsExtended follow-up confirmed a substantial reduction in mortality after radical prostatectomy; the number needed to treat to prevent one death continued to decrease when the treatment was modified according to age at diagnosis and tumor risk. A large proportion of long-term survivors in the watchful-waiting group have not required any palliative treatment. (Funded by the Swedish Cancer Society and others.) The randomized Swedish trial of prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in disease detected mainly clinically (not by PSA screening) continues to show a benefit for early prostatectomy. The number of men younger than 65 needed to treat to prevent one death is now four. The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4), a randomized trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in men with localized prostate cancer diagnosed before the era of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, showed a survival benefit of radical prostatectomy as compared with observation at 15 years of follow-up.(1) By contrast, the Prostate Cancer Intervention versus Observation Trial (PIVOT), initiated in the early era of PSA testing, showed that radical prostatectomy did not significantly reduce prostate cancer-specific or overall mortality after 12 years.(2) PSA screening profoundly changes the clinical domain of study. Among other considerations, the substantial additional lead time ...
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28.
  • Downer, Mary K., et al. (författare)
  • Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 140:9, s. 2060-2069
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dairy intake has been associated with increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. Two US cohort studies reported increased prostate cancer-specific mortality with increased high-fat milk intake. We examined whether dairy and related nutrient intake were associated with prostate cancer progression in a Swedish patient population with high dairy consumption. We prospectively followed 525 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (diagnosed 1989-1994). We identified and confirmed deaths through February 2011 (n = 222 prostate cancer-specific, n = 268 from other causes). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between food or nutrient intake and prostate cancer-specific death. On average, patients consumed 5.0 servings/day of total dairy products at diagnosis. In the whole population, high-fat milk intake was not associated with prostate cancer-specific death (95% CI: 0.78, 2.10; p-trend = 0.32; multivariate-adjusted model). However, among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, compared to men who consumed <1 servings/day of high-fat milk, those who drank >= 3 servings/day had an increased hazard of prostate cancer mortality (HR = 6.10; 95% CI: 2.14, 17.37; p-trend = 0.004; multivariate-adjusted model). Low-fat milk intake was associated with a borderline reduction in prostate cancer death among patients with localized prostate cancer. These associations were not observed among patients diagnosed with advanced stage prostate cancer. Our data suggest a positive association between high-fat milk intake and prostate cancer progression among patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer. Further studies are warranted to investigate this association and elucidate the mechanisms by which high-fat milk intake may promote prostate cancer progression.
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29.
  • Ebenhag, Sven-Christian, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • Time transfer using an asynchronous computer network: Results from three weeks of measurements
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: European Frequency and Time Forum, 29/5 - 1/6, Geneva, CH.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have performed a time transfer experimentbetween two atomic clocks, over a distance of approximately 75km using an 10 Gbit/s asynchronous fiber-optic computernetwork. The time transfer was accomplished through passivelistening on existing data traffic and a pilot sequence in the SDHbit stream. In order to assess the fiber-link clock comparison, wesimultaneously compared the clocks using a GPS carrier phaselink. The standard deviation of the difference between the twotime transfer links over the three-week time period was 243 ps.
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30.
  • Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Accelerometer derived physical activity patterns in 27.890 middle‐aged adults : The SCAPIS cohort study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 32:5, s. 866-880
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present study aims to describe accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) patterns and fulfillment of PA recommendations in a large sample of middle-aged men and women, and to study differences between subgroups of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle-related variables. A total of 27 890 (92.5% of total participants, 52% women, aged 50–64 years) middle-aged men and women with at least four days of valid hip-worn accelerometer data (Actigraph GT3X+, wGT3X+ and wGT3X-BT) from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, SCAPIS, were included. In total, 54.5% of daily wear time was spent sedentary, 39.1% in low, 5.4% in moderate, and only 0.1% in vigorous PA. Male sex, higher education, low financial strain, born in Sweden, and sedentary/light working situation were related to higher sedentary time, but also higher levels of vigorous PA. High BMI and having multiple chronic diseases associated strongly with higher sedentary time and less time in all three PA intensities. All-year physically active commuters had an overall more active PA pattern. The proportion fulfilling current PA recommendations varied substantially (1.4% to 92.2%) depending on data handling procedures and definition used. Twenty-eight percent was defined as having an “at-risk” behavior, which included both high sedentary time and low vigorous PA. In this large population-based sample, a majority of time was spent sedentary and only a fraction in vigorous PA, with clinically important variations between subgroups. This study provides important reference material and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of all aspects of the individual PA pattern in future research and clinical practice.
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31.
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32.
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33.
  • Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al. (författare)
  • The Influence of personality traits and beliefs about medicines on adherence to asthma treatment
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Primary Care Respiratory Journal. - : Strategic Medical Pub. - 1471-4418 .- 1475-1534. ; 20:2, s. 141-147
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim:To explore the influence of personality traits and beliefs about medicines on adherence to treatment with asthma medication.Methods:Respondents were 35 asthmatic adults prescribed controller medication. They answered questionnaires about medication adherence, personality traits, and beliefs about medicines.Results:In gender comparisons, the personality traits “Neuroticism” in men and “adherence to medication” were associated with lower adherent behaviour. Associations between personality traits and beliefs in the necessity of medication for controlling the illness were identified. Beliefs about the necessity of medication were positively associated with adherent behaviour in women. In the total sample, a positive “necessity-concern” differential predicted adherent behaviour.Conclusion:The results imply that personality and beliefs about medicines may influence how well adults with asthma adhere to treatment with asthma medication.
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34.
  • Fall, Katja, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • Immediate risk for cardiovascular events and suicide following a prostate cancer diagnosis : prospective cohort study
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: PLoS Medicine. - San Francisco, Calif. : Public Library of Science. - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 6:12, s. e1000197-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Stressful life events have been shown to be associated with altered risk of various health consequences. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the emotional stress evoked by a prostate cancer diagnosis increases the immediate risks of cardiovascular events and suicide.METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a prospective cohort study by following all men in Sweden who were 30 y or older (n = 4,305,358) for a diagnosis of prostate cancer (n = 168,584) and their subsequent occurrence of cardiovascular events and suicide between January 1, 1961 and December 31, 2004. We used Poisson regression models to calculate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cardiovascular events and suicide among men who had prostate cancer diagnosed within 1 y to men without any cancer diagnosis. The risks of cardiovascular events and suicide were elevated during the first year after prostate cancer diagnosis, particularly during the first week. Before 1987, the RR of fatal cardiovascular events was 11.2 (95% CI 10.4-12.1) during the first week and 1.9 (95% CI 1.9-2.0) during the first year after diagnosis. From 1987, the RR for cardiovascular events, nonfatal and fatal combined, was 2.8 (95% CI 2.5-3.2) during the first week and 1.3 (95% CI 1.3-1.3) during the first year after diagnosis. While the RR of cardiovascular events declined, the RR of suicide was stable over the entire study period: 8.4 (95% CI 1.9-22.7) during the first week and 2.6 (95% CI 2.1-3.0) during the first year after diagnosis. Men 54 y or younger at cancer diagnosis demonstrated the highest RRs of both cardiovascular events and suicide. A limitation of the present study is the lack of tumor stage data, which precluded possibilities of investigating the potential impact of the disease severity on the relationship between a recent diagnosis of prostate cancer and the risks of cardiovascular events and suicide. In addition, we cannot exclude residual confounding as a possible explanation.CONCLUSIONS: Men newly diagnosed with prostate cancer are at increased risks for cardiovascular events and suicide. Future studies with detailed disease characteristic data are warranted.
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35.
  • Halim, Adrianus, et al. (författare)
  • Improvement of Working Conditions and Opinions of Mine Workers When Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) Are Used Instead of Diesel Machines — Results of Field Trial at the Kittilä Mine, Finland
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. - : Springer. - 2524-3462 .- 2524-3470. ; 39:2, s. 203-219
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A major part of the European Union’s (EU) project Sustainable Intelligent Mining System (SIMS) is investigating the development of diesel-free/carbon-neutral underground mines in order to ensure sustainable underground mining in the future. Replacing diesel machines with electric vehicles in underground hard rock mines has been widely acknowledged by the mining industry worldwide as a critical step to improve working conditions by reducing diesel exhaust related contaminants, to reduce mine ventilation electrical power cost by reducing mine airflow quantity, and to reduce mine greenhouse gas emissions. All of these are major requirements to achieve sustainable future underground mining practices. A field trial of Epiroc’s 2nd generation of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) at Agnico Eagle Finland’s Kittilä mine was conducted during 2019 – 2020. Vehicles tested were MT42 mine truck, ST14 Load-Haul-Dump (LHD), and Boomer E2 jumbo drill rig. This paper outlines the improvement of the working conditions observed in the field trial, and the opinions of the mine personnel at Kittilä mine on using BEVs instead of diesel machines. Measurements of atmospheric contaminants and air temperatures taken during the field trial clearly demonstrated a significant improvement of working conditions when BEVs were operating as opposed to diesel machines. This field observation was supported by the opinion of the majority of the Kittilä mine workers. However, some remaining concerns must be addressed before BEVs can replace diesel machines.
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36.
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37.
  • Hedlund, Pe rOlov, et al. (författare)
  • Significance of pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity as a risk factor during treatment with parenteral oestrogen or combined androgen deprivation of 915 patients with metastasized prostate cancer: Evaluation of cardiovascular events in a randomized trial
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 45:5, s. 346-353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. This study aimed to evaluate prognostic risk factors for cardiovascular events during treatment of metastatic prostate cancer patients with high-dose parenteral polyoestradiol phosphate (PEP, Estradurin (R)) or combined androgen deprivation (CAD) with special emphasis on pretreatment cardiovascular disease. Material and methods. Nine-hundred and fifteen patients with T0-4, Nx, M1, G1-3, hormone- naive prostate cancer were randomized to treatment with PEP 240 mg i.m. twice a month for 2 months and thereafter monthly, or to flutamide (Eulexin (R)) 250 mg per os three times daily in combination with either triptorelin (Decapeptyl (R)) 3.75 mg i.m. per month or on an optional basis with bilateral orchidectomy. Pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity was recorded and cardiovascular events during treatment were assessed by an experienced cardiologist. A multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression. Results. There was a significant increase in cardiovascular events during treatment with PEP in patients with previous ischaemic heart disease (p = 0.008), ischaemic cerebral disease (p = 0.002), intermittent claudication (p = 0.031) and especially when the whole group of patients with pretreatment cardiovascular diseases was analysed together (p andlt; 0.001). In this group 33% of the patients had a cardiovascular event during PEP treatment. In the multivariate analysis PEP stood out as the most important risk factor for cardiac complications (p = 0.029). Even in the CAD group there was a significant increase in cardiovascular events in the group with all previous cardiovascular diseases taken together (p = 0.036). Conclusions. Patients with previous cardiovascular disease are at considerable risk of cardiovascular events during treatment with high-dose PEP and even during CAD therapy. Patients without pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity have a moderate cardiovascular risk during PEP treatment and could be considered for this treatment if the advantages of this therapy, e. g. avoidance of osteopenia and hot flushes and the low price, are given priority.
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38.
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39.
  • Höjer, Ingrid, 1953, et al. (författare)
  • Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409. ; 93, s. 135-142
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • © 2018 Elsevier Ltd The aim of the article is to describe and discuss how issues related to schooling and educational achievement are recognized and addressed in social services case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care (OHC) in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Four cohorts were included in the study: children born 1967, 1977, 1987 and 1992. 40 case files were selected from each cohort (38 from the 1977 cohort), in total 158 cases. The analyses were made through a counting of rows related to schooling and education in the documents. Results were then processed in the statistical program SPSS. The results show that the level of recognition of schooling/education was low, and that it was more frequent when the child/young person had behaviour problems and/or was placed in residential care. Little attention was paid to changes of schools. On a positive note, there was an increased attention to education and schooling for the two latter cohorts (1987, 1992), and the involvement of children, young people and parents was also more visible. To conclude, the acknowledgement of schooling and education that should be present in all placements in OHC was not generally visible in the documents in the case files, although the level of attention had increased. The message for practice is that this issue need more attention on several levels: better planning for the transition between old and new school, a developed cooperation between social services, foster/residential care and schools and a pro-active approach from social services concerning education and schooling.
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40.
  • Jiangdong, Bao (författare)
  • Application of Statistical Methods on Occupational Health and Safety Management in the Mining Industry in Ezhou City, China
  • 2018
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Chinaʹs mining enterprises are confronted with insufficient safety investments, insufficientsafety benefits, recurrent occupational diseases and accidents, low level of safety riskmanagement, and many employee complaints, that seriously affect the economicdevelopment and the sustainable development of the country. Selection of scientific, accurateand comprehensive evaluation methods of all aspects of occupational health and safetymanagement will directly affect the evaluation results and then the direction of improvement;which is greatly needed.The aim of this thesis is twofold: one aim is to test and analyze a set of evaluationmethods that provide different perspectives on how occupational health and safetymanagement really works in the mining industry in Ezhou City, China. The other aim is toexplore a set of comprehensive evaluation methods that are suitable for occupational healthand safety management in the industries as a whole.This thesis is based on the theory of Multi Objective Decision Making and Grey System,and is broken down into three phases including: The first phase of my study: to describe the applications of the methods in five aspects ofoccupational health and safety in the mining industry in Ezhou City, China. This isshown in five articles and Chapter 1‐5. The second phase: to present some suggestions of improvements for the development ofthe occupational health and safety in the mining industry in Ezhou City, China. This ispresented in Chapter 6 in my study. The third phase: to explore a set of comprehensive evaluation methods that are suitablefor the occupational health and safety management in the industries. This is also shownin Chapter 6 in my study.In this thesis I mainly used six methods to evaluate occupational health and safetymanagement and the suitability of them for this type of research as well as in other types inindustrial activity. The six methods included in my research are: entropy weight(EW), failuremode and effect analysis (FMEA), improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP), dataenvelopment analysis (DEA), grey relational analysis (GRA) and 2‐tuple linguisticinformation (2‐TLI). The results of the analysis showed that: EW can be well used to evaluate the multi indicators of occupational health and safetymanagement, and can be extended to other areas such as safety management evaluation,the quality of the project, project forecasting and other industrial activities; FMEA has been proved practical, simple and less costly in the perspective of riskmanagement, occupational health and safety management, identification and control ofenvironmental factors in enterprises, and quality key point preventive control in allindustrial activities; Improved AHP is practical, simple and less costly for multi objective and multi criteriadecision making problems in all industrial activities; DEA is special for production efficiency and can well estimate the effective productionfrontier by calculating the history data of the financial department, and embodies itsunique advantages in dealing with multi indicator inputs and multi indicator outputs inall industrial activities; GRA does not require too much sample size and any typical distribution regulation; thecalculated amount of data is relatively small, and the results would always be in goodagreement with the qualitative analysis, so it is quite suitable for measuring the degree ofassociation between factors for indicator evaluation according to their similarity ordissimilarity. GRA can cope with the types of problem associated with comparisonbetween evaluation objects and the comparison object in all industrial activities; 2‐TLI is special for language information and can provide the basis for multi‐attributedecision analysis in spite of large amounts of calculation in all industrial activities.On the whole, each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and the key to judgingwhether a method is most suitable is if it can withstand the validation of practice. Anyhow,the main contribution of this research is that it has systematically tested and verified a set ofstatistical methods applied in a mining industry in Ezhou, China, and explored a set ofstatistical methods utilized in occupational health and safety management in industrialactivities. Additionally, another contribution of this research is that it has provided a directionfor improvement of sustainable development.
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41.
  • Jiangdong, Bao, et al. (författare)
  • Comprehensive Evaluation on Employee Satisfaction of Mine Occupational Health and Safety Management System based on Improved AHP and 2-Tuple Linguistic Information
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 9:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In order to comprehensively evaluate the employee satisfaction of mine occupational health and safety management system, an analytic method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and 2-tuple linguistic model was established. Based on the establishment of 5 first-grade indicators and 20 second-grade ones, method of improved AHP and the time-orderedWeighted Averaging Operator (T-OWA) model is constructed. The results demonstrate that the employee satisfaction of the mine occupational health and safety management system is of the ‘general’ rank. The method including the evaluation of employee satisfaction and the quantitative analysis of language evaluation information ensures the authenticity of the language evaluation information
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42.
  • Jiangdong, Bao, et al. (författare)
  • Research on the Sustainable Development of Mining Industry OHSAS18001 Based on IFE and EFE Matrix
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering and Technology. - : IACSIT International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology Press. - 1793-8236 .- 1793-8244. ; 9:6, s. 485-491
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The sustainable development of mining occupational health and safety management system is inseparable from its internal and external environment. Through IFE and EFE matrix models, the key internal and external factors affecting the sustainable development of some mining in the Southwest of the Hubei Province are analyzed. Then entropy method is adopted to determine the weight of each key factor. According to the weighted total score ranking, the most important internal and external key factors affecting China's sustainable development include the following: not enough detailed degree of hazard identification, not enough safety awareness, lack of contingency plans to assess the timely exercise, not enough deep mining of internal audit, impact of relevant laws and regulations on enterprises, impact of the interested parties on the changing requirements of the enterprise, risk management brought by interested parties, risk management of product life cycle, and changes in the market environment for enterprises to put forward new requirements. In this paper, combined with OHSAS18001 operation condition of the mining in the Southwest of Hubei Province, seven suggestions for improvement are put forward which provide valuable reference for the sustainable development of mining OHSAS18001. 
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43.
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44.
  • Johansson, Jan, 1949-, et al. (författare)
  • Det goda arbetet bortom Lean
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Arbetsliv i omvandling. - 1404-8426. ; :1, s. 27-45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Det goda arbetet är en uppsättning normativa kriterier för ett gott industriarbete formulerade av Svenska metallindustriarbetareförbundet (numera IF Metall), och etablerades som ett begrepp i den svenska arbetsvetenskapliga forskningen. Diskurserna kring effektiv organisation och arbetsmiljö har dock växlat genom decennierna och idag diskuteras inte det goda arbetet så ofta utan det är nya koncept som gäller, där Lean Production är det mest framträdande. I denna uppsats ska vi försöka rekonstruera de historiska rötterna som låg till grund för ”Det goda arbetet” och diskutera dess relevans i förhållande till dagens industriella kontext. Vår utgångspunkt är att det goda arbetet inte är något som är givet en gång för alla, utan något som kontinuerligt måste uppdateras i förhållande till ny teknik och förändrad samhällelig kontext. Den industriella kontext vi möter i det tjugoförsta århundradet innehåller nya förutsättningar och nya utvecklingsmöjligheter som kan bidra till ny utvecklingsperiod för det goda arbetet, en utveckling bortom Lean.
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45.
  • Johansson, Jan, 1949-, et al. (författare)
  • Det goda arbetet - en obsolet vision eller ...
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Arbetsvetenskap, Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692. ; 13:1, s. 57-76
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • I denna debattartikel diskuterar Jan Johansson och Lena Abrahamsson visionen ”det goda arbetet”. Den mest kända formuleringen är säkerligen Metalls från mitten av 1980-talet. Författarna konstaterar emellertid att inte så många talar om den längre. De menar dock att nu finns förutsättningar för att en ny variant av det goda arbetet har förutsättningar att vinna gehör hos såväl fackföreningar som industrin.
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46.
  • Johansson, Jan, 1949- (författare)
  • Future work : Utopia or dystopia?
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Addressing Societal Challenges. - Luleå : Luleå University of Technology. - 9789177900610 - 9789177900733 ; , s. 39-52
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Work is a central part of our lives in many aspects. Half ofour awake time is for most of us performed as paid work. Atwork, we create the values we need to live the life we desire.At work, we are socialized and shaped into the human beingswe are. We are all concerned about how our work willbe in the future; will we be able to handle the new technologyor will we be replaced by a robot? These are important questionsbut at the same time we must be aware that the futurework is shaped here and now. LTU should be an active partwhen we create the work of the future. This means that weneed to get a picture of what is happening and then relateto that development but we also need a vision of where wewant to go
  •  
47.
  • Johansson, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • The influence of obesity-related factors in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma—A mendelian randomization study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: PLoS Medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 16:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Several obesity-related factors have been associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but it is unclear which individual factors directly influence risk. We addressed this question using genetic markers as proxies for putative risk factors and evaluated their relation to RCC risk in a mendelian randomization (MR) framework. This methodology limits bias due to confounding and is not affected by reverse causation.Methods and findings: Genetic markers associated with obesity measures, blood pressure, lipids, type 2 diabetes, insulin, and glucose were initially identified as instrumental variables, and their association with RCC risk was subsequently evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 10,784 RCC patients and 20,406 control participants in a 2-sample MR framework. The effect on RCC risk was estimated by calculating odds ratios (ORSD) for a standard deviation (SD) increment in each risk factor. The MR analysis indicated that higher body mass index increases the risk of RCC (ORSD: 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44–1.70), with comparable results for waist-to-hip ratio (ORSD: 1.63, 95% CI 1.40–1.90) and body fat percentage (ORSD: 1.66, 95% CI 1.44–1.90). This analysis further indicated that higher fasting insulin (ORSD: 1.82, 95% CI 1.30–2.55) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; ORSD: 1.28, 95% CI 1.11–1.47), but not systolic blood pressure (ORSD: 0.98, 95% CI 0.84–1.14), increase the risk for RCC. No association with RCC risk was seen for lipids, overall type 2 diabetes, or fasting glucose.Conclusions: This study provides novel evidence for an etiological role of insulin in RCC, as well as confirmatory evidence that obesity and DBP influence RCC risk.
  •  
48.
  • Johansson, Stefan, 1980, et al. (författare)
  • Estimating effects of teacher characteristics on student achievement in reading and mathematics: evidence from Swedish census data
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 68:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is consensus that, for student achievement, teachers matter. However, providing reliable research evidence for the effects of observable teacher characteristics, such as qualification measures, has been difficult. The current study uses panel data based on register information from teachers and students to estimate effects of teacher characteristics on student achievement in mathematics and Swedish in Grade 6. Applying fixed-effects regression to a large sample of schools, we observed significant positive effects of several teacher characteristics. Having a teaching license was found to be one of the most important qualification measures, but teachers’ level of experience was also important for student achievement. The effects of teacher qualifications were generally stronger for mathematics than for Swedish.
  •  
49.
  • Josephson, Filip, et al. (författare)
  • Antiretroviral treatment of HIV infection: Swedish recommendations 2007.
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 39:6-7, s. 486-507
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • On 3 previous occasions, in 2002, 2003 and 2005, the Swedish Medical Products Agency (Läkemedelsverket) and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV) have jointly published recommendations for the treatment of HIV infection. An expert group, under the guidance of RAV, has now revised the text again. Since the publication of the previous treatment recommendations, 1 new drug for the treatment of HIV has been approved - the protease inhibitor (PI) darunavir (Prezista). Furthermore, 3 new drugs have become available: the integrase inhibitor raltegravir (MK-0518), the CCR5-inhibitor maraviroc (Celsentri), both of which have novel mechanisms of action, and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) etravirine (TMC-125). The new guidelines differ from the previous ones in several respects. The most important of these are that abacavir is now preferred to tenofovir and zidovudine, as a first line drug in treatment-naïve patients, and that initiation of antiretroviral treatment is now recommended before the CD4 cell count falls below 250/microl, rather than 200/microl. Furthermore, recommendations on the treatment of HIV infection in children have been added to the document. As in the case of the previous publication, recommendations are evidence-graded in accordance with the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine, 2001 (see http://www.cebm.net/levels_of_evidence.asp#levels).
  •  
50.
  • Julin, B., et al. (författare)
  • Dietary cadmium exposure and prostate cancer incidence : a population-based prospective cohort study
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 21:5, s. 895-900
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Experimental data convincingly propose the toxic metal cadmium as a prostate carcinogen. Cadmium is widely dispersed into the environment and, consequently, food is contaminated.Methods: A population-based cohort of 41 089 Swedish men aged 45-79 years was followed prospectively from 1998 through 2009 to assess the association between food frequency questionnaire-based estimates of dietary cadmium exposure (at baseline, 1998) and incidence of prostate cancer (3085 cases, of which 894 were localised and 794 advanced) and through 2008 for prostate cancer mortality (326 fatal cases).Results: Mean dietary cadmium exposure was 19 μg per day±s.d. 3.7. Multivariable-adjusted dietary cadmium exposure was positively associated with overall prostate cancer, comparing extreme tertiles; rate ratio (RR) 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.24). For subtypes of prostate cancer, the RR was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.08-1.53) for localised, 1.05 (95% CI: 0.87-1.25) for advanced, and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.86-1.51) for fatal cases. No statistically significant difference was observed in the multivariable-adjusted risk estimates between tumour subtypes (P(heterogeneity)=0.27). For localised prostate cancer, RR was 1.55 (1.16-2.08) among men with a small waist circumference and RR 1.45 (1.15, 1.83) among ever smokers.Conclusion: Our findings provide support that dietary cadmium exposure may have a role in prostate cancer development.
  •  
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