| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 3. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Takman, Johanna, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Biogas för tunga lastbilstransporter : barriärer och möjligheter
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport presenterar vi en fördjupad studie av vilka barriärer och möjligheter som finns för biogas, och framförallt flytande biogas (LBG), för tunga lastbilar i större skala samt hur barriärerna övervinns och möjligheterna nyttjas. Studien identifierar även viktiga varuägare och andra intressenter i Sverige samt vilka krav och villkor dessa ställer för att våga investera i gastekniken. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar genomfördes en genomgång av litteraturen samt intervjuer och workshops med relevanta aktörer. Resultaten pekar på att biogasen är ett drivmedel som kan bidra till minskade koldioxidutsläpp. Vidare nämns även drivkrafter som energitrygghet och en cirkulär ekonomi. Att det nu har kommit nya tunga LBG-lastbilar på marknaden samt att nya styrmedel trätt i kraft ses också som drivkrafter. Avsaknaden av långsiktiga, stabila styrmedel och regelverk samt höga priser och kostnader för exempelvis produktion, fordon och gas angavs vara de största barriärerna. Ytterligare barriärer är exempelvis att det råder kunskapsbrist inom området samt att dagens förnybara drivmedel konkurrerar med varandra istället för att komplettera varandra.Det behövs en ökad långsiktighet i styrmedel som gynnar de mest hållbara förnybara bränslen som finns idag. Det behövs också att svenska styrmedel harmoniseras med styrmedel inom övriga EU på ett bättre sätt än de som funnits fram till idag. Det behövs även ökade möjligheter till stöd som exempelvis gynnar produktionen av biogas, investeringsstöd till de fordon som bäst gynnar att klimatoch andra miljömål nås, samt stöd som inkluderar andrahandsmarknaden för dessa fordon för att påverka marknaden mot en mer miljömässigt hållbar transportsektor. Det behövs informationsinsatser för att informera om biogas i förhållande till andra drivmedel för tunga lastbilar och information om att, samt var, dagens tankstationer för LBG finns. Även demonstrationsprojekt som visar fordonen ute på vägarna samt bidrar till infrastrukturutvecklingen skulle kunna hjälpa till att sprida kunskap och visa att tekniken fungerar och på så sätt utveckla marknaden för LBG.
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| 6. |
- Abelsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with polycythemia vera have worst impairment of quality of life among patients with newly diagnosed myeloproliferative neoplasms
- 2013
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 54:10, s. 2226-2230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quality of life (QoL) at the time of diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) has, to date, not been studied. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with MPN: 80 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 73 with polycythemia vera (PV), 22 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and four with MPN undifferentiated, were included in this study. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC-QLQC30) and the MPN-Symptom Assessment Form (MPN-SAF) were used to evaluate QoL. Fatigue was the most reported symptom in these patients. Patients with PV reported significantly higher mean scores for inactivity, dizziness, cough, itching, depression and lower total QoL compared to patients with ET. Patients with PV had significantly more headache and itching compared to patients with PMF. When the newly diagnosed patients with MPN were compared with a cohort of patients with MPN with mean disease duration of 7.8 years, the differences were most striking for patients with PMF, with significantly more fatigue, abdominal discomfort, concentration problems, insomnia, fever, weight loss and lower overall QoL developed over time.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Malmbanan Diaries
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This booklet is a report for a case study visit during four day field trip, a group of nine PhD students and their supervisors – all part of the National Research School for Architecture and Planning in the Urban Landscape, APULA – set out to explore what may be considered the outback of Western Europe’s conurbations, the transnational region of Kiruna -Narvik.Both “remote” and “resourceful”, “threatened” and “thriving” (equally relative notions), this region seemed to offer possibilities to reflect upon many of the current tendencies influencing contemporary planning practice and research.
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| 8. |
- Berglin, Ewa, MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies predate symptom onset of ANCA-associated vasculitis : a case-control study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : Elsevier. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies [ANCA) are important for diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV). The timing of antibody development is not well established. To investigate the development of proteinase 3 (PR3)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, blood samples collected before onset of symptoms of AAV were analysed.Methods: To identify AAV patients with blood samples predating symptoms, the National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were scrutinized for ICD codes for AAV and linked to the registers of five biobanks. Diagnoses of AAV and time point for symptom onset were confirmed by reviewing 504 case-record. Eighty-five AAV cases (34 males, 51 females) with samples >1 month < 10 years from AAV symptom onset and two controls matched for sex, age, and sampling time for each case were included. Samples were screened using ELISAs for ANCA and further analysed for PR3-or MPO- specificities.Results: In ANCA-screen 35.7% of the pre-symptomatic cases and 3.5% of controls tested positive (p < 0.01). 26.2% of the cases were PR3-ANCA+ and 10.7% MPO-ANCA+. Median (Q1-Q3) predating time for PR3-ANCA+ was 2.7 (0.3–7.7) years and MPO-ANCA+ 2.0 (0.9–3.5) years. PR3-ANCA was demonstrated in samples up to nine years before symptom onset. At symptom onset predating PR3-ANCA+ cases were younger than PR3-ANCA- (P < 0.01), and MPO-ANCA+ were older than MPO-ANCA- (p < 0.05). Predating MPO-ANCA+ cases vs. MPO-ANCA- and vs. PR3-ANCA+ cases had more often at symptoms onset manifestations from lungs, kidneys or peripheral nervous system (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: The PR3-and MPO-ANCAs are present years before AAV symptom onset and represent distinct diseases.
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| 9. |
- Bärnarp, Tora, et al.
(författare)
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Skönhet hållbarhet funktion
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna publikation redovisar studenternas enskilda arbeten. Materialet har tillkommit inom ramen för läsårets tema ”Skönhet, hållbarhet och funktion”, men varje studie utgår ifrån studenternas egna val av ämne.
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| 10. |
- Darwich, Adam S., et al.
(författare)
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IMI - Oral biopharmaceutics tools project - Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 3 : Identifying gaps in system parameters by analysing In Silico performance across different compound classes
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 96, s. 626-642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp (R) Simulator, and GastroPlus (TM)) were evaluated as part of the Innovative Medicine Initiative Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools project (OrBiTo) during a blinded "bottom-up" anticipation of human pharmacokinetics. After data analysis of the predicted vs. measured pharmacokinetics parameters, it was found that oral bioavailability (F-oral) was underpredicted for compounds with low permeability, suggesting improper estimates of intestinal surface area, colonic absorption and/or lack of intestinal transporter information. Foralwas also underpredicted for acidic compounds, suggesting overestimation of impact of ionisation on permeation, lack of information on intestinal transporters, or underestimation of solubilisation of weak acids due to less than optimal intestinal model pH settings or underestimation of bile micelle contribution. F-oral was overpredicted for weak bases, suggesting inadequate models for precipitation or lack of in vitro precipitation information to build informed models. Relative bioavailability was underpredicted for both high logP compounds as well as poorly water-soluble compounds, suggesting inadequate models for solubility/dissolution, underperforming bile enhancement models and/or lack of biorelevant solubility measurements. These results indicate areas for improvement in model software, modelling approaches, and generation of applicable input data. However, caution is required when interpreting the impact of drug-specific properties in this exercise, as the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, and the modellers generally used the data "as is" in this blinded bottom-up prediction approach.
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| 11. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option
- 2023
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long -term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 12. |
- Esberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Oral Microbiota Profile in Patients with Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI. - 2076-2607. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbiota has been associated with autoimmune diseases, with nasal Staphylococcus aureus being implicated in the pathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV). Little is known about the role of oral microbiota in AAV. In this study, levels of IgG antibodies to 53 oral bacterial species/subspecies were screened using immunoblotting in plasma/serum in pre-symptomatic AAV-individuals (n = 85), matched controls, and established AAV-patients (n = 78). Saliva microbiota from acute-AAV and controls was sequenced from 16s rDNA amplicons. Information on dental status was extracted from a national register. IgG levels against oral bacteria were lower in established AAV versus pre-AAV and controls. Specifically, pre-AAV samples had, compared to controls, a higher abundance of periodontitis-associated species paralleling more signs of periodontitis in established AAV-patients than controls. Saliva microbiota in acute-AAV showed higher within-sample diversity but fewer detectable amplicon-sequence variants and taxa in their core microbiota than controls. Acute-AAV was not associated with increased abundance of periodontal bacteria but species in, e.g., Arthrospira, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, and Scardovia. In conclusion, the IgG profiles against oral bacteria differed between pre-AAV, established AAV, and controls, and microbiota profiles between acute AAV and controls. The IgG shift from a pre-symptomatic stage to established disease cooccurred with treatment of immunosuppression and/or antibiotics.
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| 13. |
- Furukawa, Toshi A., et al.
(författare)
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Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression : a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lancet psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 2215-0374 .- 2215-0366. ; 8:6, s. 500-511
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Findings We identified 76 RCTs, including 48 trials contributing individual participant data (11 704 participants) and 28 trials with aggregate data (6474 participants). The participants' weighted mean age was 42.0 years and 12 406 (71%) of 17 521 reported were women. There was suggestive evidence that behavioural activation might be beneficial (iMD -1.83 [95% credible interval (CrI) -2.90 to -0.80]) and that relaxation might be harmful (1.20 [95% CrI 0.17 to 2.27]). Baseline severity emerged as the strongest prognostic factor for endpoint depression. Combining human and automated encouragement reduced dropouts from treatment (incremental odds ratio, 0.32 [95% CrI 0.13 to 0.93]). The risk of bias was low for the randomisation process, missing outcome data, or selection of reported results in most of the included studies, uncertain for deviation from intended interventions, and high for measurement of outcomes. There was moderate to high heterogeneity among the studies and their components. 511
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Johansson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphatidylethanol Levels, As a Marker of Alcohol Consumption, Are Associated With Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- 2020
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 51:7, s. 2148-2152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose: Previous observational studies have shown a moderately increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with high self-reported alcohol consumption. However, self-reported data tend to underestimate alcohol consumption. Phosphatidylethanol is a specific biomarker reflecting alcohol intake during the last month and correlates with the amount of alcohol consumed. The present study aimed to investigate the association between phosphatidylethanol levels and the risk of future ICH.Methods: This population-based nested case-referent study was conducted within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort. At baseline, all participants underwent a health examination, including a questionnaire with questions about alcohol consumption. A blood sample was collected and stored at −80°C, and phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 levels were measured in packed erythrocytes. Cases (n=97) were diagnosed with a first-ever ICH between 1985 and 2007. Two referents (n=180) were matched to each case.Results: The mean age at baseline was 55 years, 39% of participants were women, and the mean time from blood sampling to ICH was 7.3 years. Only phosphatidylethanol and hypertension remained independently associated with ICH in a multivariable model. Participants with phosphatidylethanol >0.30 μmol/L had an increased risk of ICH compared with those with phosphatidylethanol <0.01 μmol/L (odds ratio, 4.64 [95% CI, 1.49–14.40]).Conclusions: High blood concentrations of phosphatidylethanol were associated with an increased risk of future ICH. This association was independent of hypertension and other risk factors for ICH. Our findings suggest that phosphatidylethanol, as a marker of alcohol consumption, may be used as a risk marker of future ICH.
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| 16. |
- Lysholm, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Seroepidemiology of selected transboundary animal diseases in goats in Zambia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5877 .- 1873-1716. ; 206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transboundary pathogens of goats present significant constraints to the livelihoods of millions of farmers in countries such as Zambia. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), Brucella spp., Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Zambian goats. Another aim was to identify associations between seroprevalence and different predictor variables, such as trade and border proximity. From September to October 2019, 962 serum samples were collected from goats in seven Zambian districts, four of which have an international border while the remaining three do not. A questionnaire survey was conducted with each household, focusing on trade routines, management strategies and herd disease history. Animal-level seroprevalence adjusted for herd-level clustering was 8.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 7.5-9.0) for Mccp, 12.9% (95% CI 12.0-13.7) for FMDV, 13.0 % (95% CI 12.1-13.9) for Brucella spp., 3.3 % (95% CI 2.8-3.7) for CCHFV, and 0.4 % (95 % CI 0.3-0.7) for RVFV. The association between herd-level seroprevalence and border proximity and trade appeared negligible, with the exception of selling goats at least twice a year which was identified as a potential risk factor for Brucella spp. (OR 4.1, 95 % CI 1.1-16.0, p = 0.040). In addition, a positive association between herd-level seroprevalence of FMDV and a herd size of 21 goats or more (OR 3.3, 95 % CI 1.0-11.1, p = 0.049) was detected. Also, positive associations between animal-level seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and increasing age (OR 7.7, 95 % CI 1.5-40.7, p = 0.016), and CCHFV and keeping pigs in the household (OR 2.7, 95 % CI 1.0-7.1, p = 0.044), were found. For FMDV (OR 3.8, 95 % CI 1.4-10.9, p = 0.011) and Brucella spp. (OR 4.5, 95 % CI 1.2-17.3, p = 0.031) on the other hand, animal-level seroprevalence was significantly higher in households without pigs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to describe the presence of antibodies for CCPP and CCHF in the Zambian goat population. While the association between seroprevalence and trade and border proximity generally appeared negligible, it is recommended that their influence is further evaluated in future studies, preferably through in-depth longitudinal studies incorporating impacts of different biosecurity measures and trade variations, linked to for example seasonality and trade peaks.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Margolskee, Alison, et al.
(författare)
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IMI - Oral biopharmaceutics tools project - Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 2 : An introduction to the simulation exercise and overview of results
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 96, s. 610-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orally administered drugs are subject to a number of barriers impacting bioavailability (F-oral), causing challenges during drug and formulation development. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling can help during drug and formulation development by providing quantitative predictions through a systems approach. The performance of three available PBPK software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp (R), and GastroPlus (TM)) were evaluated by comparing simulated and observed pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Since the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, caution is required when interpreting the results of this exercise. Additionally, this prospective simulation exercise may not be representative of prospective modelling in industry, as API information was limited to sparse details. 43 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from the OrBiTo database were selected for the exercise. Over 4000 simulation output files were generated, representing over 2550 study arm-institution-software combinations and approximately 600 human clinical study arms simulated with overlap. 84% of the simulated study arms represented administration of immediate release formulations, 11% prolonged or delayed release, and 5% intravenous (i.v.). Higher percentages of i.v. predicted area under the curve (AUC) were within two-fold of observed (52.9%) compared to per oral (p.o.) (37.2%), however, F-oral and relative AUC (F-rel) between p.o. formulations and solutions were generally well predicted (64.7% and 75.0%). Predictive performance declined progressing from i.v. to solution and immediate release tablet, indicating the compounding error with each layer of complexity. Overall performance was comparable to previous large-scale evaluations. A general overprediction of AUC was observed with average fold error (AFE) of 1.56 over all simulations. AFE ranged from 0.0361 to 64.0 across the 43 APIs, with 25 showing overpredictions. Discrepancies between software packages were observed for a few APIs, the largest being 606, 171, and 81.7-fold differences in AFE between SimCYP and GI-Sim, however average performance was relatively consistent across the three software platforms.
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| 19. |
- Ring, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 6: Options for governance and decision-making across scales and sectors
- 2018
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Ingår i: IPBES. - Bonn : Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem services. - 9783947851089 ; , s. 661-802
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Within the generic scope of the Regional Assessments of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, the key policy‑relevant questions of the Europe and Central Asia Assessment concern options and opportunities with regard to biodiversity and ecosystem services and their role for human well-being. The assessment examines the opportunities for sectoral policies and policy instruments; managing production, consumption and economic development; and ecological infrastructures and ecological technologies. It explores opportunities to promote food security, economic development and equality while avoiding land and aquatic degradation and conserving cultural landscapes.
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| 20. |
- Sjöstedt, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatanpassning av bostäder och bostadsområden : resultat från ett samarbetsprojekt mellan CEC och Riksbyggen
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är en sammanställning av kunskap som genererats inom ramen för ett samarbetsprojekt mellan Centrum för miljö- och klimatforskning (CEC) vid Lundsuniversitet och Riksbyggen om klimatanpassning av bostäder och bostadsområden iSverige. Samarbetsprojektet byggde på utveckling och handledning av fem styckenmasteruppsatser vid Tillämpad klimatstrategi-programmet vid Lunds universitet,mellan november 2014 och juni 2015. De deltagande studenterna utvecklade sinauppsatser i dialog med Riksbyggen, och ett flertal av studenterna använde Riksbyggensbostadsbestånd som konkreta fallstudier. I denna rapport diskuteras de resultatsom framkommit i masteruppsatserna, med fokus på klimatrelaterad riskkartering,metoder för klimatanpassningsåtgärder, kunskapsunderlag, samt samverkan ochdeltagande. Syntesrapporten levererar inspirationsmaterial för Riksbyggens vidarearbete med klimatanpassning av bostadsrättsföreningar. Förslag på sätt att hantera klimatanpassningsproblematik i bostadssektorn läggs fram, vilka inkluderar utökad klimatrelaterad riskkartering, skräddarsydda åtgärdspaket, intern och externkommunikation av klimatrelaterade risker och anpassningsåtgärder, samt nya samarbetskonstellationer. Samarbetet mellan CEC och Riksbyggen tog tillvara på denpotential som finns i studentarbeten och skapade länkar mellan utbildning, forskningoch näringsliv. I rapporten förs en diskussion kring sätt att vidareutveckla dennasamarbetsmodell för att förnya och verka kvalitetshöjande för grundutbildningen.Rapporten identifierar även relevanta teman för nya masterprojekt, samt konkretaforskningsbehov kring kunskapsöverföring mellan aktörer och nivåer; samarbetemellan boende, fastighetsägare, myndigheter, konsulter och försäkringsbolag kringriskkartering och anpassningsåtgärder; kommunikationsinsatser för ökad acceptans föranpassningsåtgärder; samt juridiska och ekonomiska incitamentsstrukturer. Dessa ärviktiga områden att adressera i framtida forskningsinsatser för att stödja implementeringav utökad klimatrelaterad riskkartering och anpassningsåtgärder i bostadssektorn.
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| 21. |
- Vredin Johansson, Maria, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Can we buy time? Evaluation of the Swedish government's grant to remediation of contaminated sites
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 92:4, s. 1303-1313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The major aim of this paper is to analyze how government funding affects the pace of progress in four states of the remediation process of contaminated sites, from basic risk classification to cleanup. We introduce a methodological framework that takes into account the unobserved site-heterogeneity and simultaneously models duration in the different states. The results show that although site-heterogeneity contributes to make remediation a slow process, the third state, from the elaborate risk classification to the cleanup start, is a particular bottleneck. Even if government funding can speed up the process at this state, the effect is minuscule compared to the amounts of funding required. Thus, there is a need for policy to also focus on other barriers to remediation.
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| 22. |
- Winberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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No evidence for mosaic pathogenic copy number variations in cardiac tissue from patients with congenital heart malformations.
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Medical Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1769-7212 .- 1878-0849. ; 58:3, s. 129-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate if pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) are present in mosaic form in patients with congenital heart malformations. We have collected cardiac tissue and blood samples from 23 patients with congenital heart malformations that underwent cardiac surgery and screened for mosaic gene dose alterations restricted to cardiac tissue using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). We did not find evidence of CNVs in mosaic form after array CGH analysis. Pathogenic CNVs that were present in both cardiac tissue and blood were detected in 2/23 patients (9%), and in addition we found several constitutional CNVs of unclear clinical significance. This is the first study investigating mosaicism for CNVs in heart tissue compared to peripheral blood and the results do not indicate that pathogenic mosaic copy number changes are common in patients with heart malformations. Importantly, in line with previous studies, our results show that constitutional pathogenic CNVs are important factors contributing to congenital heart malformations.
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| 23. |
- Afshin, Ashkan, et al.
(författare)
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Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990-2017 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
- 2019
-
Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 393:10184, s. 1958-1972
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of major foods and nutrients across 195 countries and to quantify the impact of their suboptimal intake on NCD mortality and morbidity.Methods: By use of a comparative risk assessment approach, we estimated the proportion of disease-specific burden attributable to each dietary risk factor (also referred to as population attributable fraction) among adults aged 25 years or older. The main inputs to this analysis included the intake of each dietary factor, the effect size of the dietary factor on disease endpoint, and the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality. Then, by use of diseasespecific population attributable fractions, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), we calculated the number of deaths and DALYs attributable to diet for each disease outcome.Findings: In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 10-12) deaths and 255 million (234-274) DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1-5] deaths and 70 million [34-118] DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2-4] deaths and 82 million [59-109] DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1-4] deaths and 65 million [41-92] DALYs) were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates.Interpretation: This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually.
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| 24. |
- Ahlström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting sleepiness by Optalert : final report
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many crashes with heavy vehicle can be attributed to driver sleepiness or driving impairment due to sleepiness, and it is important to find methods to predict those situations and counteract this problem. The Optalert fatigue management system claims to be able to detect sleepiness. The aims of this study are to (a) evaluate if Optalert can detect sleepiness equally well as other sleepiness indicators and (b) if the data patterns obtained by Optalert correlates with these other sleepiness indicators. Twelve sleep deprived truck drivers drove for about 90 minutes in an advanced moving base truck simulator. The experimental setup, including the sleep deprivation, was designed so that the drivers should become increasingly sleepier during the trial and the intention was that they should fall asleep during the experiment.Four different indicators of sleepiness or driving impairment due to sleepiness were used to monitor the state of the drivers; the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), the variability in lateral position (SDLP), the blink duration and the Optalert system. The results show that all four sleepiness indicators increased with time on task. An analysis of variance revealed that the changes were significant for KSS, blink duration and the Optalert system, and a correlation analysis showed that Optalert correlated significantly with blink duration and SDLP. However, even though these correlations were significant, they were all rather low with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.24.In conclusion, the Optalert system is promising and the sleepiness rating provided by the system works at least equally well as the other three sleepiness indicators. There are some practical limitations to the system; there is no reliable threshold which can be used to determine when a driver is getting too sleepy to drive (this is also the case for other available sleepiness indicators), the driver needs to be attached to the vehicle via the spectacle frames and a wire, and the quality of the eye movement recordings often deteriorated when the driver started driving the truck. Moreover, during the experiment the technical reliability was sometimes low.
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| 25. |
- Alao, John Patrick, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Caffeine stabilises fission yeast Wee1 in a Rad24-dependent manner but attenuates Its expression in response to DNA damage.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 8:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The widely consumed neuroactive compound caffeine has generated much interest due to its ability to override the DNA damage and replication checkpoints. Previously Rad3 and its homologues was thought to be the target of caffeine's inhibitory activity. Later findings indicate that the Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (TORC1) is the preferred target of caffeine. Effective Cdc2 inhibition requires both the activation of the Wee1 kinase and inhibition of the Cdc25 phosphatase. The TORC1, DNA damage, and environmental stress response pathways all converge on Cdc25 and Wee1. We previously demonstrated that caffeine overrides DNA damage checkpoints by modulating Cdc25 stability. The effect of caffeine on cell cycle progression resembles that of TORC1 inhibition. Furthermore, caffeine activates the Sty1 regulated environmental stress response. Caffeine may thus modulate multiple signalling pathways that regulate Cdc25 and Wee1 levels, localisation and activity. Here we show that the activity of caffeine stabilises both Cdc25 and Wee1. The stabilising effect of caffeine and genotoxic agents on Wee1 was dependent on the Rad24 chaperone. Interestingly, caffeine inhibited the accumulation of Wee1 in response to DNA damage. Caffeine may modulate cell cycle progression through increased Cdc25 activity and Wee1 repression following DNA damage via TORC1 inhibition, as TORC1 inhibition increased DNA damage sensitivity.
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| 26. |
- Alsing Johansson, Todd, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial Contamination of Equine Dentistry Equipment—Effect of Cleaning and Disinfection
- 2021
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2615. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary Some of the equipment used in equine dentistry is difficult to clean and disinfect. Since it is vital to avoid the spread of infections in equine healthcare it is important to develop practical and easy-to-follow methods for cleaning and disinfecting dental equipment. The aim of this study was to investigate hygiene in equine dentistry. Dental equipment and the head support, where horses rest their head during dental care, were sampled for the amount of bacteria between each patient before and after dental care as well as after cleaning and/or disinfecting. The amount of bacteria was, in general, high on dental equipment and the head support after dental procedures. Bacteria were found in different amounts on most of the dental equipment after cleaning or disinfecting, which indicates a risk for spreading infections when using the equipment. For the head support, cleaning and/or disinfecting generally resulted in a reduced amount of bacteria, indicating a lowered risk for spreading infections. There is a great need for evidence-based guidelines on hygiene in equine dentistry to decrease the risk of transmitting infections between patients, facilities, and stables. Equine dentistry has developed immensely and human dental equipment, such as handpieces, are often used. Measures to avoid the spread of infectious microorganisms are important, but this is challenging since handpieces are difficult to decontaminate. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective IPC measures in equine dentistry. The aim of this study was to contribute to the evidence needed for future evidence-based guidelines on IPC by investigating hygiene in equine dentistry. Used handpieces and dummies (i.e., handpieces not used during dental procedure, reflecting environmental bacterial contamination) and the head support were sampled each day before the first patient, for each patient after treatment, and after decontamination. All equipment was sampled with 3M (TM) Swab Samplers and the head support additionally sampled with dip slides. After dental procedures, the detected bacterial load was often high on used handpieces, dummies, and the head support. After decontamination, handpieces did not meet the criteria for high-level disinfected equipment. In all but one case decontamination of the head support resulted in a lowered bacterial load. There is a great need for evidence-based guidelines on hygiene in equine dentistry, including IPC measures, to decrease the risk of spreading infectious microorganisms between patients, facilities, and stables.
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| 27. |
- Anantharaman, Devasena, et al.
(författare)
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Combined effects of smoking and HPV16 in oropharyngeal cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 45:3, s. 752-761
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although smoking and HPV infection are recognized as important risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer, how their joint exposure impacts on oropharyngeal cancer risk is unclear. Specifically, whether smoking confers any additional risk to HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is not understood.Methods: Using HPV serology as a marker of HPV-related cancer, we examined the interaction between smoking and HPV16 in 459 oropharyngeal (and 1445 oral cavity and laryngeal) cancer patients and 3024 control participants from two large European multicentre studies. Odds ratios and credible intervals [CrI], adjusted for potential confounders, were estimated using Bayesian logistic regression.Results: Both smoking [odds ratio (OR [CrI]: 6.82 [4.52, 10.29]) and HPV seropositivity (OR [CrI]: 235.69 [99.95, 555.74]) were independently associated with oropharyngeal cancer. The joint association of smoking and HPV seropositivity was consistent with that expected on the additive scale (synergy index [CrI]: 1.32 [0.51, 3.45]), suggesting they act as independent risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer.Conclusions: Smoking was consistently associated with increase in oropharyngeal cancer risk in models stratified by HPV16 seropositivity. In addition, we report that the prevalence of oropharyngeal cancer increases with smoking for both HPV16-positive and HPV16-negative persons. The impact of smoking on HPV16-positive oropharyngeal cancer highlights the continued need for smoking cessation programmes for primary prevention of head and neck cancer.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Andrae, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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A role for PDGF-C/PDGFR alpha signaling in the formation of the meningeal basement membranes surrounding the cerebral cortex
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Biology Open. - : The Company of Biologists. - 2046-6390. ; 5:4, s. 461-474
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) is one of three known ligands for the tyrosine kinase receptor PDGFR alpha. Analysis of Pdgfc null mice has demonstrated roles for PDGF-C in palate closure and the formation of cerebral ventricles, but redundancy with other PDGFR alpha ligands might obscure additional functions. In search of further developmental roles for PDGF-C, we generated mice that were double mutants for Pdgfc(-/-) and Pdgfra(GFP/+). These mice display a range of severe phenotypes including spina bifida, lung emphysema, abnormal meninges and neuronal over-migration in the cerebral cortex. We focused our analysis on the central nervous system (CNS), where PDGF-C was identified as a critical factor for the formation of meninges and assembly of the glia limitans basement membrane. We also present expression data on Pdgfa, Pdgfc and Pdgfra in the cerebral cortex and microarray data on cerebral meninges.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Asp, Leif, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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A structural battery and its multifunctional performance
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research. - : Wiley. - 2699-9412. ; 2:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering materials that can store electrical energy in structural load paths can revolutionize lightweight design across transport modes. Stiff and strong batteries that use solid-state electrolytes and resilient electrodes and separators are generally lacking. Herein, a structural battery composite with unprecedented multifunctional performance is demonstrated, featuring an energy density of 24 Wh kg-1 and an elastic modulus of 25 GPa and tensile strength exceeding 300 MPa. The structural battery is made from multifunctional constituents, where reinforcing carbon fibers (CFs) act as electrode and current collector. A structural electrolyte is used for load transfer and ion transport and a glass fiber fabric separates the CF electrode from an aluminum foil-supported lithium–iron–phosphate positive electrode. Equipped with these materials, lighter electrical cars, aircraft, and consumer goods can be pursued.
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| 34. |
- Asp, Leif E, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Fibre Composite Structural Batteries: A Review
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Functional Composites and Structures. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 2631-6331.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in structural battery composites research. Structural battery composites are a class of structural power composites aimed to provide mass-less energy storage for electrically powered structural systems. Structural battery composites are made from carbon fibres in a structural electrolyte matrix material. Neat carbon fibres are used as a structural negative electrode, exploiting their high mechanical properties, excellent lithium insertion capacity and high electrical conductivity. Lithium iron phosphate coated carbon fibres are used as the structural positive electrode. Here, the lithium iron phosphate is the electrochemically active substance and the fibres carry mechanical loads and conduct electrons. The surrounding structural electrolyte is lithium ion conductive and transfers mechanical loads between fibres. With these constituents, structural battery half-cells and full-cells are realised with a variety in device architecture. The paper also presents an overview of material modelling and characterisation performed to date. Particular reference is given to work performed in national and European research projects under the leadership of the authors, who are able to provide a unique insight into this emerging and exciting field of research.
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| 35. |
- Asp, Leif, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Structural Battery Composites: A Review, Functional Composites and Structures
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Functional Composites and Structures. - : IOP Publishing. - 2631-6331. ; 1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in structural battery composites research. Structural battery composites are a class of structural power composites aimed to provide mass-less energy storage for electrically powered structural systems. Structural battery composites are made from carbon fibres in a structural electrolyte matrix material. Neat carbon fibres are used as a structural negative electrode, exploiting their high mechanical properties, excellent lithium insertion capacity and high electrical conductivity. Lithium iron phosphate coated carbon fibres are used as the structural positive electrode. Here, the lithium iron phosphate is the electrochemically active substance and the fibres carry mechanical loads and conduct electrons. The surrounding structural electrolyte is lithium ion conductive and transfers mechanical loads between fibres. With these constituents, structural battery half-cells and full-cells are realised with a variety in device architecture. The paper also presents an overview of material modelling and characterisation performed to date. Particular reference is given to work performed in national and European research projects under the leadership of the authors, who are able to provide a unique insight into this emerging and exciting field of research.
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| 36. |
- Auer, Jaqueline, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Crops as Alternatives to Soy-An Overview of Nutritional, Sensory, and Functional Properties
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Foods. - 2304-8158. ; 12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soy (Glycine max) is used in a wide range of products and plays a major role in replacing animal-based products. Since the cultivation of soy is limited by cold climates, this review assessed the nutritional, sensory, and functional properties of three alternative cold-tolerant crops (faba bean (Vicia faba), yellow pea (Pisum sativum), and oat (Avena sativa)). Lower protein quality compared with soy and the presence of anti-nutrients are nutritional problems with all three crops, but different methods to adjust for these problems are available. Off-flavors in all pulses, including soy, and in cereals impair the sensory properties of the resulting food products, and few mitigation methods are successful. The functional properties of faba bean, pea, and oat are comparable to those of soy, which makes them usable for 3D printing, gelation, emulsification, and extrusion. Enzymatic treatment, fermentation, and fibrillation can be applied to improve the nutritional value, sensory attributes, and functional properties of all the three crops assessed, making them suitable for replacing soy in a broad range of products, although more research is needed on all attributes.
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| 37. |
- Backman, Mikaela, et al.
(författare)
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Mångfald och innovationer i urbana regioner
- 2015
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Ingår i: Det innovativa Sverige 2. - Stockholm : ESBRI. - 9789197772839 ; , s. 21-39
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Internationella jämförelser visar att stora, kunskapsintensiva regioner växer snabbare än mindre regioner. Vad är det som utmärker storstadsregionerna gentemot övriga urbana regioner? Vad är det som gör dem attraktiva? En första tes i detta kapitel är att Sveriges tre storstadsregioner får sin särställning genom mångfald. En andra tes är att förnyad och ökad mångfald i de största stadsregionerna över tiden sprider sig till övriga delar av Sverige. Storstäderna är i sig själva attraktiva platser för innovation och förnyelse, men också ekonomiska motorer för resten av landet.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Barletta, Ilaria Giovanna, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Fostering sustainable electronic waste management through intelligent sorting equipment
- 2015
-
Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering. - 2161-8070 .- 2161-8089. ; 2015-October:Special Session Presentation-Only, s. 459-461
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Joint forces of industry and academia can pave the way to truly foster sustainability of Waste of Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) management. Against this background, the WEEE ID project funded by VINNOVA (Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems) developed an intelligent, automated sorting equipment for used electronics’ segregation and grading. It prevents operators from being exposed to hazardous substances from segregation processes and enables higher recycling rates within downstream processes thanks to increased sorting efficiency and accuracy. This abstract explores how the knowledge and technology developed within the WEEE ID project may have a positive impact on WEEE (or “e-waste”) management sustainability performance.
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| 40. |
- Barletta, Ilaria Giovanna, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Prerequisites for a high-level framework to design sustainable plants in the e-waste supply chain
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 29, s. 633-638
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently few attempts to properly structure knowledge that specifically supports a fully sustainable e-waste treatment system design have been proposed in literature. As a result, this paper sets up the prerequisites for a high-level framework to design sustainable plants in the supply chain of e-waste. The framework addresses production and environmental engineers mainly. The methodology grows out of literature studies, research project’s outcomes and interviews with a group of sector experts. Stemming from this, a list of prerequisites was presented for the case study of an automated plant for e-waste sorting in order to design it while considering the triple-bottom-line of sustainability.
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| 41. |
- Barlind, Jonas G, et al.
(författare)
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Design and optimization of pyrazinecarboxamide-based inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) leading to a clinical candidate dimethylpyrazinecarboxamide phenylcyclohexylacetic acid (AZD7687)
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 55:23, s. 10610-10629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new series of pyrazinecarboxamide DGAT1 inhibitors was designed to address the need for a candidate drug with good potency, selectivity, and physical and DMPK properties combined with a low predicted dose in man. Rational design and optimization of this series led to the discovery of compound 30 (AZD7687), which met the project objectives for potency, selectivity, in particular over ACAT1, solubility, and preclinical PK profiles. This compound showed the anticipated excellent pharmacokinetic properties in human volunteers.
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| 42. |
- Benedetti, Matteo, et al.
(författare)
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Study of the compression behaviour of Ti6Al4V trabecular structures produced by additive laser manufacturing
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI. - 1996-1944. ; 12:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper was to investigate the compression properties of several trabecular structures produced by additive laser manufacturing of a Ti6Al4V, having different densities and unit cells. Filling space structures were investigated, with different unit cells characterized by both bending-dominated and stretching-dominated behaviour. The stiffness and yield strengthwere correlated to relative density according to the Gibson and Ashby model. For a constant porosity, the stiffness and the yield strength varied between two extremes represented by the cubic structure (stretching-dominated deformation) and the cross structure (bending-dominated deformation). The properties of the deformed structures did not differ substantially from those of the regular structures. Only in the cubic structure did distortion enhance the contribution of bending to deformation and both stiffness and strength decreased. Cross structures displayed the highest strength at constant stiffness than the others, since they are characterized by the most favourable orientation of the struts.
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| 43. |
- Bengtsson, Mathilda, et al.
(författare)
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Metoden ByggF-PST : Tillämpning av ByggaF på tillverkning av prefabricerade småhus i trä. Version 1.0
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Metoden som presenteras i detta dokument är en tillämpning av ByggaF påprefabricerad småhustillverkning av hus med träbaserad stomme kallad:”ByggaF för Prefabricerade småhus med trästomme”, hädanefter omnämnd somByggaF-PST. ByggaF-PST är en metod som säkerställer, dokumenterar ochkommunicerar fuktsäkerheten i hela byggprocessen, från planering tillbruksskede. Metoden innebär ett arbetssätt för att uppfylla samhällets krav påfuktsäkerhet och innehåller rutiner och hjälpmedel för alla aktörer, frånsmåhustillverkare, konsulter, materialleverantörer och entreprenörer.
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| 44. |
- Bengtsson Ryberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Wind Power on Human Interests : A Synthesis
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PrefaceThere is a great need for knowledge concerning the impacts of wind power on humans, landscapes, the marine environment, birds, bats and other mammals.Previous studies of these environmental impacts have lacked an overall view of the effects. This has led to deficiencies in the processes surrounding the establishment of new wind farms. Vindval is a knowledge programme undertaken as a collaboration between the Swedish Energy Agency and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Its aim is to gather and communicate scientific knowledge about the impacts of wind power on people and the natural environment. The programme continues until 2013.Vindval comprises some 30 individual research projects, together with four synthesis projects. Syntheses are prepared by experts, who compile and assess overall research results and experience regarding the effects of wind power in four different areas – humans, birds/bats, marine life and terrestrial mammals.The results of this research and synthesis work will provide a basis for environmental impact assessments and for the planning and permitting processes associated with wind power installations. Vindval requires high standards in the review and approval of research proposals, in order to ensure high-quality reports. The same high standards apply to the reporting, approval and publication of research results from the projects.This report was written by Johanna Bengtsson Ryberg, Gösta Bluhm, Karl Bolin, Bosse Bodén, Kristina Ek, Karin Hammarlund, Marianne Henningsson, Inga-Lena Hannukka, Carina Johansson, Sofia Jönsson, Sanna Mels, Tom Mels, Mats Nilsson, Erik Skärbäck, Patrik Söderholm, Åsa Waldo, Ingegärd Widerström, Niklas Åkerman.This report is a translation of the previous report in Swedish “Vindkraftens påverkan på människors intressen” (Naturvårdsverket report no 6497). Translated by Sofia Jönsson.The contents of the report are the responsibility of the authors.
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| 45. |
- Bergman, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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An exploratory study on how internet of things developing companies handle user experience requirements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783319772424 - 9783319772431 ; , s. 20-36
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- [Context and motivation] Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming common throughout everyday lives. However, the interaction is often different from when using e.g. computers and other smart devices. Furthermore, an IoT device is often dependent on several other systems, heavily impacting the user experience (UX). Finally, the domain is changing rapidly and is driven by technological innovation. [Question/problem] In this qualitative study, we explore how companies elicit UX requirements in the context of IoT. A key part of contemporary IoT development is also data-driven approaches. Thus, these are also considered in the study. [Principal idea/results] There is a knowledge gap around data-driven methodologies, there are examples of companies that collect large amount of data but do not always know how to utilize it. Furthermore, many of the companies struggle to handle the larger system context, where their products and the UX they control are only one part of the complete IoT ecosystem. [Contribution] We provide qualitative empirical data from IoT developing companies. Based on our findings, we identify challenges for the companies and areas for future work.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 49. |
- Biasiotto, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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Public Preferences for Digital Health Data Sharing : Discrete Choice Experiment Study in 12 European Countries.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications. - 1438-8871. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: With new technologies, health data can be collected in a variety of different clinical, research, and public health contexts, and then can be used for a range of new purposes. Establishing the public's views about digital health data sharing is essential for policy makers to develop effective harmonization initiatives for digital health data governance at the European level.OBJECTIVE: This study investigated public preferences for digital health data sharing.METHODS: A discrete choice experiment survey was administered to a sample of European residents in 12 European countries (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) from August 2020 to August 2021. Respondents answered whether hypothetical situations of data sharing were acceptable for them. Each hypothetical scenario was defined by 5 attributes ("data collector," "data user," "reason for data use," "information on data sharing and consent," and "availability of review process"), which had 3 to 4 attribute levels each. A latent class model was run across the whole data set and separately for different European regions (Northern, Central, and Southern Europe). Attribute relative importance was calculated for each latent class's pooled and regional data sets.RESULTS: A total of 5015 completed surveys were analyzed. In general, the most important attribute for respondents was the availability of information and consent during health data sharing. In the latent class model, 4 classes of preference patterns were identified. While respondents in 2 classes strongly expressed their preferences for data sharing with opposing positions, respondents in the other 2 classes preferred not to share their data, but attribute levels of the situation could have had an impact on their preferences. Respondents generally found the following to be the most acceptable: a national authority or academic research project as the data user; being informed and asked to consent; and a review process for data transfer and use, or transfer only. On the other hand, collection of their data by a technological company and data use for commercial communication were the least acceptable. There was preference heterogeneity across Europe and within European regions.CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the importance of transparency in data use and oversight of health-related data sharing for European respondents. Regional and intraregional preference heterogeneity for "data collector," "data user," "reason," "type of consent," and "review" calls for governance solutions that would grant data subjects the ability to control their digital health data being shared within different contexts. These results suggest that the use of data without consent will demand weighty and exceptional reasons. An interactive and dynamic informed consent model combined with oversight mechanisms may be a solution for policy initiatives aiming to harmonize health data use across Europe.
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| 50. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, Docent, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration as a policy instrument in public administration : evidence from forest policy and governance
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, collaboration has become a common policy instrument in public administration, both internationally and in Sweden. Inspired by scholarly literature on collaborative governance, the aim of this study is to analyze the crucial role of public administration in the design and implementation of collaborative governance. Drawing on several years of research on Swedish forest policy and governance, our work is based on extensive empirical material, including 88 semi-structured interviews, observations, written comments from open public consultations and actors, enacted policy documents, open public hearings and a survey. Our results confirm that factors related to process design strongly affect the outputs and outcomes of collaboration in public administration. We assert that public officials should meticulously design and adapt the collaborative process during its initiation and progress, according to the policy problem and actors' incentives and motivations to participate. However, despite good intentions by public officials, the overarching priorities and contextual factors governing the policy area must be set by elected decision makers at an early stage to establish democratic accountability and high levels of policy legitimacy and acceptance. A major implication for public administration is that the increasing use of collaborative governance may be highly inefficient if it is difficult for participants to draft shared objectives and provide intended outputs because of low levels of trust, and different interpretations of knowledge and norms. Finally, in contentious policy areas, such as forest policy, political priorities must sometimes be set by elected decision makers rather than through collaborative processes.
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