| 1. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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A Post-Analysis of the Introduction of the EU Directive 92/57/EEC in the Swedish Construction Industry
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU directive 92/57/EEC focuses on ensuring that health and safety-related matters are taken into consideration during every stage of construction-related work and has been introduced into the regulations of the member countries. In 2006, Sweden was tasked by the European Commission to clarify its implementation of the directive, including which management roles and responsibilities were to come into effect during both the planning and eventual execution of construction work—changes that ultimately were introduced into the national regulations in 2009. Focusing on the accident trends in the construction industry in the years immediately following these regulatory changes, we find that the new management roles and responsibilities had no apparent effect on the accident rates. Furthermore, we argue that there is a need to broaden the analysis regarding the implementation of the EU directive 92/57/EEC to also include nation-specific changes to health and safety management and policy. These qualitative studies should also include a dedicated focus on how changes to management structures and processes may affect the prevalence of occupational diseases specifically.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Byggindustrins säkerhetspark - ett program för säkerhetskultur : Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är en kunskapsöversikt som beskriver internationell forskning om säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsarbete i byggindustrin. I rapporten diskuteras inledningsvis hur säkerhetskultur kan förstås i relation till organisationskultur och att mycket av de distinktioner som görs inom säkerhetskulturforskningen inom byggbranschen är avhängig synen på kulturbegreppet. I den forskning som studerats i denna litteraturöversikt är det vanligt med en mer normativ ansats, dvs., den är inte neutral utan den syftar till säkerhet. Det verkar inte vara lika vanligt med säkerhetskultur-forskning som i grunden har en tolkande ansats och som ställer sig mer neutral till huruvida kulturen i sig alltid leder till en högre grad av säkerhet. Med en sådan ansats kan dock säkerhetskulturens olika delar i högre grad analyseras utan att vara upptagen med dess koppling till en normativ syn på säkerhetskultur. Med utgångpunkt i den tidigare forskningen ger vi slutligen förslag på ett antal aktiviteter som skulle kunna införlivas i säkerhetsparken som ett sätt att stärka dess säkerhetsfrämjande arbete.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Byggindustrins säkerhetspark – ett program för säkerhetskultur : Resultat och rekommendationer
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den svenska byggindustrin har gjort stora satsningar de senaste åren för att öka medvetenheten om vikten av att arbeta säkert. En del i denna satsning är att Byggföretagen (före detta Sveriges Byggindustrier) har byggt en säkerhetspark, dvs. en anläggning där de som arbetar inom industrin utbildas om säkerhet och får möjlighet att gemensamt reflektera över säkerhetsrelaterade frågor.Vår forskargrupp vid Luleå tekniska universitet, har följt parkens etablering med syfte att undersöka hur frågor rörande säkerhetskultur kan och har integrerats i säkerhetsparkens aktiviteter. Projektet finns redovisat i tre rapporter. Den första är en kartläggning av internationell forskning inom området säkerhetskultur, säkerhetsarbete och säkerhetsträning och finns redovisad i Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin (Berglund et al, 2020). Den andra redovisar en kartläggning och karaktärisering av vilka säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskulturer som finns hos Sveriges byggindustriers medlemsföretag. Den studien har presenterats i Delrapport 2: Säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskultur i svensk byggindustri (Berglund et al, 2021). I denna tredje rapport som vi kallar Resultat och rekommendationer, presenterar vi en samlad analys av parkens verksamhet och avslutar med ett antal förslag till hur säkerhetsparken kan utvecklas vidare. I rapporten kan vi konstatera att säkerhetsparken finns på plats och har verkat i drygt tre år. Den består av ett stort antal stationer eller scenarion där ett antal arbetsområden, arbetssituationer och arbetsmoment speglas. Ett besök inleds inomhus med en introduktion där det besökande företaget eller skolan ges en inledande beskrivning av parkens innehåll och syfte och där ett flertal frågeställningar introduceras och diskuteras. Därefter fortsätter besöket utomhus genom att man besöker ett antal stationer som är utformade enligt den pedagogiska principen ”se, höra, göra och reflektera”. Valet av stationer som besöks görs i samråd med handledare och med det besökande företaget. Dagen avslutas på samma sätt som den inleddes, inomhus, med reflektioner om lärdomar att ta med sig hem till det egna företaget. Parken fungerar också som en display av aktuell utveckling inom branschen, inte minst när det gäller nya verktyg, utrustning, material, arbetsmoment och liknande, allt med ett fokus på förbättrad arbetsmiljö och säkerhet. Säkerhetsparken besöks idag främst av byggföretag och byggelever men även av andra representanter från andra branscher. Vi har intervjuat nyckelpersoner med anknytning till parken och omdömen om parken och besöket har i huvudsak varit goda. Vår rapport avslutas med elva utvecklingsområden som vi tror kan bidra till att göra en bra verksamhet vid säkerhetsparken ännu bättre.1. Problematisera rådande säkerhetskulturer på fler ställen, kanske stationer eller i fler moment i anläggningen.2. Den pedagogiska modellen är bra och kan utnyttjas på fler ställen i anläggningen.3. Alla besök bör ha en tydlig och specifik företagsprofilering.4. Alla besökare ska ha en arbetsuppgift när de återvänder till företaget.5. Stationerna måste vara aktuella och spegla realistiska situationer.6. Säkerhetsparken bör vara ett centrum för lärande, utveckling och innovation.7. Säkerhetsparken kan vara ett skyltfönster för ny teknik och bra utrustning.8. Jämställdhetsfrågor bör integreras i säkerhetsparkens arbete.9. Ledningens betydelse för säkerhetskultur bör betonas.10.Säkerhetsparken kan bli en resurs för utbildning av utländsk arbetskraft.11.Säkerhetsparken bör dokumentera sina erfarenheter.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring safety culture research in the construction industry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 76:2, s. 549-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Despite numerous regulatory initiatives to improve health and safety in the construction industry, it still ranks as one of the most accident-prone industries worldwide. A dedicated focus on safety culture has been suggested as a complement to laws, regulations and management systems.OBJECTIVE: This article explores safety culture research conducted in the construction industry, with the aim to provide insight into the specific themes that tend to be in focus as well as what theoretical and methodological approaches that tend to be favored.METHODS: Searches in scientific databases were conducted twice. In a first attempt, searches resulted in 54 hits but only two articles fit the scope of the study. A revision of the search phrase resulted in 124 hits. Ultimately, 17 articles fit the scope of the study and were included. The content of the articles was analyzed and sorted thematically.RESULTS: The results show that four themes are prevalent in the existing literature: 1) unique challenges entail a need for situated applications, 2) models developed to operationalize safety culture, 3) measuring safety culture, and 4) safety management and leadership as key factors.CONCLUSION:Although research focusing on the construction industry has come to favor certain study designs and definitions of safety culture, further research may be enriched by broadening the theoretical and methodological perspectives. Specifically, researchers should conduct more in-depth qualitative studies that take the complexity of the industry into account, including the interpersonal relations between the actors involved.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational accidents in Swedish construction trades
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 27:2, s. 552-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to anazlye accidents occurring in the Swedish construction industry focusing specifically on the situation in the individual trades. The article includes all occupational accidents with at least one day of absence from work that were reported to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency for the year of 2016. The results, focusing on accident cause, injured body parts, as well as accidents per weekday, month and age, show that although the trades share commonalities regarding occupational accidents a number of trade-specific problem areas stand out. With this in mind, conclusions are drawn regarding the situation in each respective trade and suggestions are made for future studies focusing on accidents in construction industry trades.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Safety culture development in the construction industry : The case of a safety park in Sweden
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of occupational accidents in the construction industry has necessitated a focus on proactive measures such as safety management programs. An example of this is safety parks, i.e. facilities where employees and managers from different construction companies can participate in site-specific activities and train in safety-related matters in a realistic context. Two specific focus areas are often present within these types of safety management programs: hands-on safety training and safety culture development as being within the purview of management. The purpose of this article is to investigate the developers’ intentions with the park in relation to safety culture development. Twenty interviews were conducted with experts in the area of health and safety. Results indicate that the safety park can contribute as a mirror for the companies own operations, with new information and knowledge of how work can be performed with safety being prioritized, to developing communication regarding safety-related matters, and finally the stations at the park may initiate a translation process as to how the lessons learned at the park can be applied to the participants’ own workplaces. All in all, the activities at the park can be said to be normative in nature, i.e. the developers seemingly have a desire to steer the safety culture development in a certain direction. There is a need for further research focusing on the concept of safety culture in these types of programs and, more broadly, in relation to its intended industry-wide effects.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Jan, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational safety in the construction industry
- 2019
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 64:1, s. 21-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDThe paper is a research review focusing on occupational safety in the construction industry.OBJECTIVEThe purpose is to present research that highlights the areas of occupational safety and risks and to identify areas where research is lacking.METHODS326 articles from scientific journals, mainly covering the construction industry in Europe, Canada, USA, Australia and Japan have been studied. The findings are presented under 11 categories: accident statistics; individual factors; legislation and regulations; ethical considerations; risk management; leadership, management, organization; competence; safety design; cost-benefit calculations; programs and models; and technical solutions.RESULTSThe research is dominated by initiatives from researchers and government authorities, while the construction industry only appears as the object for the research. There is a scarcity of research on integrated systems encompassing subcontractors, as well as a lack of research with sociological perspectives on accidents. Furthermore, only a few studies have applied a gender perspective on safety in construction, i.e. there is a need of further research in this particular area.CONCLUSIONSA range of initiatives have been taken to increase safety in the construction industry and the initiatives are mainly reported to be successful. There are some cultural differences, but basically researchers present similar results regardless of country.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Takman, Johanna, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Biogas för tunga lastbilstransporter : barriärer och möjligheter
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport presenterar vi en fördjupad studie av vilka barriärer och möjligheter som finns för biogas, och framförallt flytande biogas (LBG), för tunga lastbilar i större skala samt hur barriärerna övervinns och möjligheterna nyttjas. Studien identifierar även viktiga varuägare och andra intressenter i Sverige samt vilka krav och villkor dessa ställer för att våga investera i gastekniken. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar genomfördes en genomgång av litteraturen samt intervjuer och workshops med relevanta aktörer. Resultaten pekar på att biogasen är ett drivmedel som kan bidra till minskade koldioxidutsläpp. Vidare nämns även drivkrafter som energitrygghet och en cirkulär ekonomi. Att det nu har kommit nya tunga LBG-lastbilar på marknaden samt att nya styrmedel trätt i kraft ses också som drivkrafter. Avsaknaden av långsiktiga, stabila styrmedel och regelverk samt höga priser och kostnader för exempelvis produktion, fordon och gas angavs vara de största barriärerna. Ytterligare barriärer är exempelvis att det råder kunskapsbrist inom området samt att dagens förnybara drivmedel konkurrerar med varandra istället för att komplettera varandra.Det behövs en ökad långsiktighet i styrmedel som gynnar de mest hållbara förnybara bränslen som finns idag. Det behövs också att svenska styrmedel harmoniseras med styrmedel inom övriga EU på ett bättre sätt än de som funnits fram till idag. Det behövs även ökade möjligheter till stöd som exempelvis gynnar produktionen av biogas, investeringsstöd till de fordon som bäst gynnar att klimatoch andra miljömål nås, samt stöd som inkluderar andrahandsmarknaden för dessa fordon för att påverka marknaden mot en mer miljömässigt hållbar transportsektor. Det behövs informationsinsatser för att informera om biogas i förhållande till andra drivmedel för tunga lastbilar och information om att, samt var, dagens tankstationer för LBG finns. Även demonstrationsprojekt som visar fordonen ute på vägarna samt bidrar till infrastrukturutvecklingen skulle kunna hjälpa till att sprida kunskap och visa att tekniken fungerar och på så sätt utveckla marknaden för LBG.
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| 14. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08003
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.
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| 15. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Mining and Sustainable Development : Gender, Diversity and Work Conditions in Mining
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish mining companies and surrounding mining communities face many challenges when it comes to social sustainable development. For example, a strong mining workplace culture and community identity can create both strong cohesion but also lead to exclusion of certain groups, rejection of new ideas and reinforce traditional, masculine values. Other challenges include recruitment, as well as health and safety in relation to an increased use of contractors and automation of mining. The social dimension is relatively underdeveloped in studies of sustainable development in general and the mining industry in particular. This report reviews research on social sustainable development and mining with a special focus on (1) diversity of lifestyles, (2) gender, and (3) work conditions. Swedish and international research is reviewed and knowledge gaps are identified. All three areas of research can be regarded as relatively mature and they give important contributions to ourunderstanding of social sustainable development in relation to the mining sector even if they not always explicitly refer to it as such. There is a lack of research that links attitudes, policies and activities within companies to their impact on the wider society, and vice versa. Future research should also include the development of methods and indicators for social sustainability relevant for mining.
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| 16. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005 : Data from the national prostate cancer register in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. Material and methods. Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Results. In total, 72 028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of >100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score ≤6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged ≥75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. Conclusions. All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer
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| 17. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 72,028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of > 100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score <6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged > or =75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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| 18. |
- Asghar, Naveed, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
DNA launched suicidal flaviviruses as therapeutic vaccine candidates
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic liver disease, resulting from Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis D virus (HDV), or Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, contributes to a major health burden worldwide. The relativelyhigh cost of the HCV treatment brings concerns about the accessibility, especially in the developing countries. Hence, there exists a need for cost effect interventions with high efficiency. We aim to develop therapeutic vaccine candidates against HBV, HCV and HDV using DNA based subgenomic flavivirus replicons as a delivery system. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Langat virus (LGTV), West-Nile virus (WNV), or Kunjinvirus (KUNV) replicon with firefly luciferase geneas a reporter were expressed and characterized in cell culture studies. WNV and KUNV replicons showed significantly higher replication compared to their respective negative controls with unfunctional viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase. KUNV and WNV replicons were chosen for cloning the HCV or HB/DV vaccine candidate gene by replacing luciferasegene. Owing to the self-replicating trait of the flavivirus subgenomic replicons, Western blotting demonstrated that the antigen expression by KUNV and WNV replicons was several folds higher than the positive control. These results suggest that DNA based KUNV and WNV replicons may function as carriers for the hepatitis vaccine candidate genes, and these replicons are currently used for in vivostudies in animal models.
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| 19. |
- Asghar, Naveed, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Immunogenicity of DNA launched suicidal flavivirus replicons for protective vaccination against hepatitis viruses
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic liver disease, resulting from Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis D virus (HDV), or Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, contributes to a major health burden worldwide. Chronic infections with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be effectively cured by antivirals. However, as cured patients can be re-infected they lack protective immune responses. In addition, the relativelyhigh cost of the HCV treatment brings concerns about the accessibility, especially in the developing countries. Hence, there exists a need for cost effect vaccines with high efficiency to control and possibly eradicate Hepatitis viruses globally. The vaccine should induce either, or both, neutralizing antibodies and protective T cell responses. We therefore have developed DNA based flavivirus replicons as a potent delivery system that effectively prime HCV-specific T cell responses. We generated suicidal subgenomic DNA replicons of Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Langat virus (LGTV), West-Nile virus (WNV), and Kunjinvirus (KUNV) expressing either a fusion protein between the HCV NS3/4A and a stork hepatitis B virus core or a vaccine candidate gene of HB/DV. Transfection experiments showed that the antigen expression by KUNV and WNV replicons was several folds higher than the antigen expression by standard DNA plasmid with CMV promoter. The immunogenicity of three suicidal flaviviral DNA replicons expressing HCV NS3/4A was tested in mice and compared to HCV NS3/4A expression by the standard DNA plasmid. The KUNV-HCV replicon was the best replicon-based immunogen with respect to priming of HCV NS3/4A-specific T cells as determined by ELISpot, dextramer staining, and polyfunctionality. Importantly, a mutant KUNV-HCV immunogen lacking replication failed to induce immune responses. Thus, the newly developed KUNV-based suicidal DNA launched replicon vaccine for HCV is a highly attractive candidate as a prophylactic vaccine against chronic hepatitis C. In addition, we are currently testing the immunogenicity of KUNV-HB/DV replicon in mice.
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| 20. |
- Barmoen, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Trust in large carnivore science in Norway
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wildlife Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1612-4642 .- 1439-0574. ; 67:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large carnivores are controversial species, and associated conflicts between stakeholders with opposing views on large carnivores are observed across the globe. Social trust, the public’s willingness to rely on those responsible for developing policies, has gained much attention regarding the acceptance of large carnivores and large carnivore management. However, trust in large carnivore science has not received as much consideration. In Norway, administrative management authorities are responsible to execute the political framework decided by the Norwegian Parliament while basing their decisions on recommendations from large carnivore science. As large carnivore science is the main knowledge provider for monitoring and measures implemented in management decisions to achieve viable carnivore populations, trust in science is crucial. Yet, scientific information is often challenged. As attitude studies show a tendency for the wider general public to be more positive towards large carnivores than people most adversely affected, we wanted to examine whether the trust in large carnivore science follows the same pattern. We used a geographically stratified sample of 2110 respondents, five respondents from each municipality in Norway, to model how trust varies across the sample. Our results indicate that elderly men, people with lower education, those who have experienced loss of livestock to carnivores associate with lower trust in large carnivore science. Lower trust was also found among big game hunters and people who fear large carnivores. This knowledge could help to guide targeted science communication and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of cognitions important for management of conflicts involving large carnivores.
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| 21. |
- Barut, Oya, et al.
(författare)
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Calcifications in the neck region of patients with carotid artery stenosis : a computed tomography angiography study of topographic anatomy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. - : Elsevier. - 2212-4403 .- 2212-4411. ; 129:5, s. 523-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to map the vertical locations of calcified carotid plaques (CCPs), osseous anatomic structures, and calcified soft tissues in the area of the carotid artery, determine to what extent CCPs are superimposed on the cervical spine in coronal images, and analyze the differences between men and women.Study Design: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans of 79 patients were studied. CCPs were discovered in 152 of the total 158 neck sides. Evaluations were performed by using sagittal and coronal reformatted CTA images with maximum intensity projection.Results: Most of the calcified anatomic structures studied, including the carotid bifurcation, were found in close relationship to the level of the third and fourth cervical vertebrae. In the coronal view, all or most of the areas of the CCPs were superimposed on the cervical spine in 22 of 44 (50%) neck sides with CCP in women and in 37 of 108 (34.2%) in men (P = .070).Conclusions: The carotid bifurcation is in close proximity to various calcified anatomic structures. This should be taken into account when diagnosing CCPs in panoramic radiographs. In the coronal view, CCPs and the cervical spine are often superimposed; thus, coronal images are not recommended for confirmation of putative carotid calcifications diagnosed on the basis of panoramic radiographs.
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| 22. |
- Bermejo Gómez, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient DBU accelerated synthesis of F-18-labelled trifluoroacetamides
- 2016
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 52:97, s. 13963-13966
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nucleophilic F-18-fluorination of bromodifluoromethyl derivatives was performed using [F-18] Bu4NF in the presence of DBU(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene). This novel procedure provided a diverse set of [F-18] trifluoroacetamides in good to excellent radiochemical conversions. A mechanism where DBU acts as organomediator in this transformation is proposed.
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| 23. |
- Bermejo Gómez, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of trifluoromethyl moieties by late-stage copper (I) mediated nucleophilic fluorination
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of fluorine chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1139 .- 1873-3328. ; 194, s. 51-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleophilic fluorination of bromodifluoromethyl derivatives mediated by the complex (PPh3)(3)CuF is described. Under the reaction conditions, different trifluoroacetates, trifluorolcetones, trifluoroarenes and trifluoroacetamides were obtained in good yields.
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| 24. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1968-
(författare)
-
Optics of coated paperboard : Aspects of surface treatment on porous structures
- 2010
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Calendering of coated and uncoated paper is widely used to enhance optical properties such as gloss and print quality. The aim of this thesis is to characterize coatings and prints, and to validate models using experimental results from optical measurements of physical samples. Calendering of coated paper often leads to a brightness decrease. The mechanism for this is not altogether clear. One common explanation is that the porosity of the coating layer decreases and hence the scattering decreases. By comparing simulated and measured results it was shown that modifications of the surface properties account for the brightness decrease of ground calcium carbonate coated substrates with calendering. Monte Carlo light scattering simulations, taking into account the measured decrease of surface microroughness and increased effective refractive index, showed that surface modifications accounted for most of the observed brightness decrease of the ground calcium carbonate coated substrate, whereas the bulk scattering and absorption coefficients were not affected by calendering. It was also shown that the scattering coefficient is significantly dependent on the coat weight whereas the physical absorption coefficient is not. The penetration of ink in the z-direction of a substrate influences the quality of the print. The ink penetration affects print density, mottling and dot gain, common print effects that influence the preference of consumers. The pressure in the printing nip and the porosity of the substrate both affect the amount of ink that is pressed into the porous structure of a coating layer during printing. By printing pilot coated paperboard with different coating porosity and measuring the resulting optical properties of the prints, a basis for simulations of the different layers, that is to say the coating, the print and the mixed layer in between, was created. Results show that ink distribution is strongly affected by the roughness of the substrate. Fibres and fibre flocks underneath the two coating layers created an unevenly distributed coating thickness that affected the print quality. Differences in pore size and pore size distribution also affected the behaviour of the ink. A coating layer of broad pigment particle size distribution resulted in a relatively low print density, in comparison to coatings of narrowly distributed particle sizes. Comparison of dot gain showed that the coating layer of a narrow particle size distribution had a relatively low dot gain compared to others. In this work, these results are explained by the differences in ink distributions on and in the coating layers.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Bärnarp, Tora, et al.
(författare)
-
Skönhet hållbarhet funktion
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna publikation redovisar studenternas enskilda arbeten. Materialet har tillkommit inom ramen för läsårets tema ”Skönhet, hållbarhet och funktion”, men varje studie utgår ifrån studenternas egna val av ämne.
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| 27. |
- Clark, DW, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 4957-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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| 28. |
-
Codex and Code : Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media, NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conference Codex and Code: Aesthetics, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media (NorLit 2009)was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, August 6–9, 2009. The conference was organized by the Nordic Association for Comparative Literature (NorLit); the Department of Culture and Communication, Linköping University; the School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); the Department of Comparative Literature, Stockholm University; the Department of Culture and Communication, Södertörn University College; and the Department of Comparative Literature, Uppsala University. The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced during earlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation. The conference Codex and Code wanted to stimulate interdisciplinary scholarly research of the literary in a broad sense. The conference was open to scholars in Comparative Literature and in Classical and Modern Languages, Aesthetics, Media and Communication studies, Film and Theatre studies, Philosophy and adjacent disciplines. The conference was organized around a number of thematic sessions in which researchers and scholars presented and discussed papers. The conference has received generous financial support from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, Magnus Bergwall foundation, Granholms foundation, Linköping University, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Svenska litteratursällskapet; the Swedish Academy, Swedish Science Council, and Vitterhetsakademien.
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| 29. |
-
Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
-
Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long -term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 32. |
- Egard, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Vertical InAs nanowire wrap gate transistors with f(t) > 7 GHz and f(max) > 20 GHz.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 10:3, s. 809-812
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this letter we report on high-frequency measurements on vertically standing III-V nanowire wrap-gate MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The nanowire transistors are fabricated from InAs nanowires that are epitaxially grown on a semi-insulating InP substrate. All three terminals of the MOSFETs are defined by wrap around contacts. This makes it possible to perform high-frequency measurements on the vertical InAs MOSFETs. We present S-parameter measurements performed on a matrix consisting of 70 InAs nanowire MOSFETs, which have a gate length of about 100 nm. The highest unity current gain cutoff frequency, f(t), extracted from these measurements is 7.4 GHz and the maximum frequency of oscillation, f(max), is higher than 20 GHz. This demonstrates that this is a viable technique for fabricating high-frequency integrated circuits consisting of vertical nanowires.
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| 33. |
- Elfström, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Validation of the Swedish version of the clinical outcomes in routine evaluation outcome measure (CORE-OM)
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. - : Wiley. - 1063-3995 .- 1099-0879. ; 20:5, s. 447-455
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to perform an initial validation of a Swedish translation of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). The CORE-OM is a broad self-report instrument of psychological problems, designed as an outcome measure for evaluating the effects of psychological therapy. Participants included a non-clinical group of 229 university students and a clinical group of 619 persons from four primary care sites. The Swedish CORE-OM showed excellent acceptability, high internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as acceptable convergent validity. There was strong differentiation of the clinical and non-clinical samples, with the clinical group scoring significantly more psychological problems than the non-clinical group. Sensitivity to change was demonstrated in psychological treatments in primary care. Overall, the psychometric characteristics of the Swedish CORE-OM were very similar to the original UK data. Nevertheless, the validity of the Swedish version needs to be examined more in detail, in larger and more diverse samples. Our results so far, however, provide support for using the Swedish CORE-OM as a psychological problems measure. To our knowledge, there are few other relatively short measures in Swedish that are free to reprint that meet the demands for psychometric properties and utility in primary care settings in which patients typically present a broad range of psychological problems.
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| 34. |
- Elias, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Governance: att styra med insikt snarare än avsikt. : en studie om flernivåstyrning och sektorssamverkan i Göteborg och Malmö
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift diskuterar aktiviteter i och resultat av ett pilotprojekt inom Mistra Urban Futures, kallat Multi-level governance. Pilotprojektets fokus har varit flernivåstyrning eller, vilket kommer att diskuteras senare, kanske snarare sektorssamverkan. Mistra Urban Futures (fortsättningsvis MURF) är ett transdisciplinärt kunskapscenter, lokaliserat i Göteborg sedan 2010. Centret är ett konsortium med Mistra som huvudfinansiär, men där även SIDA, Göteborgs Stad, Chalmers, Göteborgs universitet, Västra Götalandsregionen, Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland, Göteborgskommunens kommunalförbund och IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet står för både finansiering och kunskapande. Kunskapscentret är således uppbyggt både av forskningsmiljöer och förvaltningar och myndigheter som på olika vis praktiskt arbetar med att genomföra hållbar urban utveckling. Centrets första år har präglats av en sökande verksamhet med olika öppna workshops och föreläsningar, med syfte att generera input till de kunskapsprojekt som skall prägla verksamheten under det kommande knappa decenniet. Pilotprojekten har varit fem stycken till antalet och har fokuserat olika problem eller möjligheter för hållbar urban utveckling, exempelvis klimatförändringar, medborgarinflytande och näringslivsfrågor. Pilotprojekten, som pågick mellan april 2010 till och med slutet av 2011, har inledningsvis tjänat som centrets huvudsakliga processer avseende input till den framtida kunskapande verksamheten.1 Varje pilotprojekt har haft ett delat ledarskap, med en forskare och en praktiker, som tillsammans lett en arbetsgrupp huvudsakligen – men inte uteslutande – bestående av representanter från konsortiets parter. Även arbetsgrupperna har varit bemannade av såväl forskare som praktiker. Utgångspunkten för detta är att Mistra Urban Futures har ett transdisciplinärt kunskapande som en grundläggande utgångspunkt.2 I MURF uttrycks detta allmänt som att alla är kunskapsbärare och att alla är kunskapsproducenter. Vetenskaplig kunskap och praktisk kunskap skall i det här sammanhanget arbeta tillsammans. Det är den förutsättningar för att skapa hållbar urban utveckling. I projektgruppen för det pilotprojekt som avrapporteras i denna skrift, har Lars Lilled (Göteborgs Stad, Social resursförvaltning/S2020), Kerstin Elias Göteborgsregionens kommunalförbund (GR) och White), Elin Johansson (Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland och Kungsbacka kommun), Jan Gustafsson (Trafikverket), Ylva Löf (Göteborgs Stad, Stadsbyggnadskontoret och GR) och Magnus Johansson (Malmö högskola, institutionen för urbana studier och institutet för hållbar stadsutveckling (ISU)) deltagit vid sidan av projektledarna Joakim Forsemalm (Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg Research Institute och Radar Arkitektur och Planering) och Stig Montin (Göteborgs- och Örebros universitet).
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| 35. |
- Erni, W., et al.
(författare)
-
Technical design report for the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilations at Darmstadt) Straw Tube Tracker
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 49:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This document describes the technical layout and the expected performance of the Straw Tube Tracker (STT), the main tracking detector of the PANDA target spectrometer. The STT encloses a Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) for the inner tracking and is followed in beam direction by a set of GEM stations. The tasks of the STT are the measurement of the particle momentum from the reconstructed trajectory and the measurement of the specific energy loss for a particle identification. Dedicated simulations with full analysis studies of certain proton-antiproton reactions, identified as being benchmark tests for the whole PANDA scientific program, have been performed to test the STT layout and performance. The results are presented, and the time lines to construct the STT are described.
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| 36. |
- Evander, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Acoustic trapping of cells in a microfluidic format
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of µTAS 2005 Conference. ; 1, s. 515-517
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents, for the first time, non-contact acoustic trapping of cells in a microfluidic format. The employed acoustic force maintains the cells in the center of a fluidic channel while allowing for perfusion of e.g. nutrients or drugs as well as optical monitoring of the cells. Neural stem cells have been acoustically trapped and tested for viability after 15 minutes of ultrasonic radiation. It is also shown that it is possible to grow yeast cells suspended in an acoustic standing wave while perfusing with cell media.
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| 37. |
- Evander, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Noninvasive acoustic cell trapping in a microfluidic perfusion system for online bioassays
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 79:7, s. 2984-2991
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Techniques for manipulating, separating, and trapping particles and cells are highly desired in today's bioanalytical and biomedical field. The microfluidic chip-based acoustic noncontact trapping method earlier developed within the group now provides a flexible platform for performing cell- and particle-based assays in continuous flow microsystems. An acoustic standing wave is generated in etched glass channels (600x61 microm2) by miniature ultrasonic transducers (550x550x200 microm3). Particles or cells passing the transducer will be retained and levitated in the center of the channel without any contact with the channel walls. The maximum trapping force was calculated to be 430+/-135 pN by measuring the drag force exerted on a single particle levitated in the standing wave. The temperature increase in the channel was characterized by fluorescence measurements using rhodamine B, and levels of moderate temperature increase were noted. Neural stem cells were acoustically trapped and shown to be viable after 15 min. Further evidence of the mild cell handling conditions was demonstrated as yeast cells were successfully cultured for 6 h in the acoustic trap while being perfused by the cell medium at a flowrate of 1 microL/min. The acoustic microchip method facilitates trapping of single cells as well as larger cell clusters. The noncontact mode of cell handling is especially important when studies on nonadherent cells are performed, e.g., stem cells, yeast cells, or blood cells, as mechanical stress and surface interaction are minimized. The demonstrated acoustic trapping of cells and particles enables cell- or particle-based bioassays to be performed in a continuous flow format.
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| 38. |
- Fahnestock, Jesse, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
RISEnergy: Roadmaps for energy innovation in Sweden through 2030
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden is a group of research and technology organisations. RISE is a leading innovation partner working global cooperation with academia, enterprise and society to create value, growth and competitiveness through research excellence and innovation.In the area of Energy, RISE has developed innovation Roadmaps covering:Energy Efficient TransportElectric Power SystemEnergy Efficient and Smart BuildingsSustainable Thermal ProcessesEfficient Energy Use in IndustryDecarbonisation of Basic IndustriesThese Roadmaps describe development pathways for technologies, non-technical elements (market design, user behaviours, policies, etc.) and key actors that deliver on a plausible, desirable vision for each respective innovation area in 2030. These Roadmaps are intended to support RISE’s strategic planning and development, but should be relevant reading for anyone interested in energy innovation in Sweden.
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| 39. |
- Forsemalm, Joakim, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Governance - att styra med insikt snarare än avsikt
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift diskuterar aktiviteter i och resultat av ett pilotprojekt inom Mistra Urban Futures, kallat Multi-level governance. Pilotprojektets fokus har varit flernivåstyrning, eller snarare sektorssamverkan. Att hålla historien om samverkansprocessen levande, att den bör få ett tydligt slut och att samlas kring ett varumärke är några av de faktorer för framgångsrikt samarbete och lärande som projektet identifierat. Men hjälp av detta samt övriga identifierade faktorer hoppas man lättare kunna bemöta komplexiteten i frågorna kring hållbar stadsutveckling som är en stor utmaning för lokal och regional politik samt förvaltning eftersom olika former av samverkan ofta ses som centrala för att möta denna utmaning.
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| 40. |
|
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| 41. |
- Gaines, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Six-week follow-up after HIV-1 exposure: a position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:2, s. 93-98
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV) conducted a review and analysis of the state of knowledge on the duration of follow-up after exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Up until then a follow-up of 12 weeks after exposure had been recommended, but improved tests and new information on early diagnosis motivated a re-evaluation of the national recommendations by experts representing infectious diseases and microbiology, county medical officers, the RAV, the Public Health Agency, and other national authorities. Based on the current state of knowledge the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the RAV recommend, starting in April 2015, a follow-up period of 6 weeks after possible HIV-1 exposure, if HIV testing is performed using laboratory-based combination tests detecting both HIV antibody and antigen. If point-of-care rapid HIV tests are used, a follow-up period of 8 weeks is recommended, because currently available rapid tests have insufficient sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 antigen. A follow-up period of 12 weeks is recommended after a possible exposure for HIV-2, since presently used assays do not include HIV-2 antigens and only limited information is available on the development of HIV antibodies during early HIV-2 infection. If pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis is administered, the follow-up period is recommended to begin after completion of prophylaxis. Even if infection cannot be reliably excluded before the end of the recommended follow-up period, HIV testing should be performed at first contact for persons who seek such testing.
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| 42. |
- Hammarberg, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
-
High resolution strain mapping of a single axially heterostructured nanowire using scanning X-ray diffraction
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nano Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1998-0124 .- 1998-0000. ; 13:9, s. 2460-2468
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axially heterostructured nanowires are a promising platform for next generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Reports based on theoretical modeling have predicted more complex strain distributions and increased critical layer thicknesses than in thin films, due to lateral strain relaxation at the surface, but the understanding of the growth and strain distributions in these complex structures is hampered by the lack of high-resolution characterization techniques. Here, we demonstrate strain mapping of an axially segmented GaInP-InP 190 nm diameter nanowire heterostructure using scanning X-ray diffraction. We systematically investigate the strain distribution and lattice tilt in three different segment lengths from 45 to 170 nm, obtaining strain maps with about 10−4 relative strain sensitivity. The experiments were performed using the 90 nm diameter nanofocus at the NanoMAX beamline, taking advantage of the high coherent flux from the first diffraction limited storage ring MAX IV. The experimental results are in good agreement with a full simulation of the experiment based on a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model. The largest segments show a complex profile, where the lateral strain relaxation at the surface leads to a dome-shaped strain distribution from the mismatched interfaces, and a change from tensile to compressive strain within a single segment. The lattice tilt maps show a cross-shaped profile with excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with the simulations. In contrast, the shortest measured InP segment is almost fully adapted to the surrounding GaInP segments. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 43. |
- Hedberg, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
-
Randomized controlled trial of nasogastric tube use after esophagectomy : study protocol for the kinetic trial
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Diseases of the esophagus. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1120-8694 .- 1442-2050. ; 37:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Esophagectomy is a complex and complication laden procedure. Despite centralization, variations in perioparative strategies reflect a paucity of evidence regarding optimal routines. The use of nasogastric (NG) tubes post esophagectomy is typically associated with significant discomfort for the patients. We hypothesize that immediate postoperative removal of the NG tube is non-inferior to current routines. All Nordic Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer centers were invited to participate in this open-label pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria include resection for locally advanced esophageal cancer with gastric tube reconstruction. A pretrial survey was undertaken and was the foundation for a consensus process resulting in the Kinetic trial, an RCT allocating patients to either no use of a NG tube (intervention) or 5 days of postoperative NG tube use (control) with anastomotic leakage as primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include pulmonary complications, overall complications, length of stay, health related quality of life. A sample size of 450 patients is planned (Kinetic trial: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN39935085). Thirteen Nordic centers with a combined catchment area of 17 million inhabitants have entered the trial and ethical approval was granted in Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark. All centers routinely use NG tube and all but one center use total or hybrid minimally invasive-surgical approach. Inclusion began in January 2022 and the first annual safety board assessment has deemed the trial safe and recommended continuation. We have launched the first adequately powered multi-center pragmatic controlled randomized clinical trial regarding NG tube use after esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Helgeland, Øyvind, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of the genetic architecture of infant and early childhood body mass index.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2522-5812. ; 4:3, s. 344-358
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early childhood obesity is a growing global concern; however, the role of common genetic variation on infant and child weight development is unclear. Here, we identify 46 loci associated with early childhood body mass index at specific ages, matching different child growth phases, and representing four major trajectory patterns. We perform genome-wide association studies across 12 time points from birth to 8 years in 28,681 children and their parents (27,088 mothers and 26,239 fathers) in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Monogenic obesity genes are overrepresented near identified loci, and several complex association signals near LEPR, GLP1R, PCSK1 and KLF14 point towards a major influence for common variation affecting the leptin-melanocortin system in early life, providing a link to putative treatment strategies. We also demonstrate how different polygenic risk scores transition from birth to adult profiles through early child growth. In conclusion, our results offer a fine-grained characterization of a changing genetic landscape sustaining early childhood growth.
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| 46. |
- Helgesson, Magnus, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Healthy migrant effect in the Swedish context: a register-based, longitudinal cohort study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:3, s. e026972-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have found a ‘healthy-migrant effect’ (HME) among arriving migrants, that is, a better health status compared with others in the home country, but also in comparison with the population in the host country. The aims were to investigate whether the HME hypothesis is applicable to the Swedish context, that is, if health outcomes differed between a group of mainly labour migrants (Western migrants) and a group of mainly refugee/family reunion migrants (non-Western migrants) compared with the native Swedish population, and if there were any correlations between labour market attachment (LMA) and these health outcomes.DesignRegister-based, longitudinal cohort study.ParticipantsThe cohort was defined on 31 December 1990 and consisted of all migrants aged 18–47 years who arrived in Sweden in 1985–1990 (n=74 954) and a reference population of native Swedes (n=1 405 047) in the same age span. They were followed for three consecutive 6-year periods (1991–1996, 1997–2002 and 2003–2008) and were assessed for five measures of health: hospitalisation for cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders, mortality, disability pension, and sick leave.ResultsWestern migrants had, compared with native Swedes, lower or equal HRs for all health measures during all time periods, while non-Western migrants displayed higher or equal HRs for all health measures, except for mortality, during all time periods. Age, educational level, occupation and LMA explained part of the difference between migrants and native Swedes. High LMA was associated with higher HRs for cardiovascular disorders among Western migrants, higher HRs of psychiatric disorders among non-Western migrants and higher HRs of mortality among both migrant groups compared with native Swedes.ConclusionsThere were indications of a HME among Western migrants, while less proof of a HME among non-Western migrants. Stratification for LMA and different migrant categories showed some interesting differences, and measurements of the HME may be inconclusive if not stratified by migrant category or other relevant variables.
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| 47. |
- Helgesson, Magnus, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainable Earnings among Immigrants, and the Role of Health Status for Self-Sufficiency : A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of Labour Immigrants and Refugees to Sweden 2000–2006
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate economic self-sufficiency for immigrants, and how health status affected self-sufficiency. The proportion of self-sufficiency during years 1–10 after receiving a residence permit is presented for all non-European labour immigrants (n = 1259) and refugees (n = 23,859), aged 18–54, who immigrated to Sweden 2000–2006, and compared to a control group of Swedish-born (n = 144,745). The risk of not being self-sufficient in year 10 was analysed with Cox regression models, and the results are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Moreover, the impact on the self-sufficiency of having a diagnosis from specialised health care during the first five years in Sweden was analysed. The results showed that half of the refugees and three-quarters of the labour immigrants were self-sufficient 10 years after residency. The adjusted risk of not being self-sufficient at year 10 was 80% higher among labour immigrants (HR = 1.8; CI = 1.6–2.0) and more than two-fold among refugees (HR = 2.7; CI = 2.6–2.8) compared to the Swedish-born. Having a diagnosis from specialised health care during the first five years in Sweden had an impact on self-sufficiency in all groups; however, the impact of having a diagnosis did not differ between refugees and Swedish-born. Measures must be taken to increase immigrants’ work participation.
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| 48. |
- Helgesson, Magnus, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The Healthy Migrant Effect among migrants to Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 28:Supplement: 1, s. 19-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Hidemark, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Nygotiska kyrkor i Skåne : utveckling i form, material och konstruktion 1840-1910
- 1991
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Denna bok har sin utgångspunkt i 1981/82 års studier i skånskt 1800-talsbyggande där Arkitekturskolans restaureringslinje valde att ägna sitt intresse åt det relativt obeaktade bestånd av nygotiska kyrkor som Skåne erbjuder. Studiernas syfte har varit attförsöka fånga kyrkornas specifika såväl estetiska som tekniska karaktäristiska och beskriva den utveckling som de representerar.
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| 50. |
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