| 1. |
- Chursa, Urszula, et al.
(författare)
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Overexpression of protein kinase STK25 in mice exacerbates ectopic lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 60:3, s. 553-567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the molecular networks controlling ectopic lipid deposition and insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle is essential for developing new strategies to treat type 2 diabetes. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25) as a critical regulator of liver steatosis, hepatic lipid metabolism and whole body glucose and insulin homeostasis. Here, we assessed the role of STK25 in control of ectopic fat storage and insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle.Skeletal muscle morphology was studied by histological examination, exercise performance and insulin sensitivity were assessed by treadmill running and euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp, respectively, and muscle lipid metabolism was analysed by ex vivo assays in Stk25 transgenic and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet. Lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function were also studied in rodent myoblasts overexpressing STK25. Global quantitative phosphoproteomics was performed in skeletal muscle of Stk25 transgenic and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet to identify potential downstream mediators of STK25 action.We found that overexpression of STK25 in transgenic mice fed a high-fat diet increases intramyocellular lipid accumulation, impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and sarcomeric ultrastructure, and induces perimysial and endomysial fibrosis, thereby reducing endurance exercise capacity and muscle insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, we observed enhanced lipid accumulation and impaired mitochondrial function in rodent myoblasts overexpressing STK25, demonstrating an autonomous action for STK25 within cells. Global phosphoproteomic analysis revealed alterations in the total abundance and phosphorylation status of different target proteins located predominantly to mitochondria and sarcomeric contractile elements in Stk25 transgenic vs wild-type muscle, respectively, providing a possible molecular mechanism for the observed phenotype.STK25 emerges as a new regulator of the complex interplay between lipid storage, mitochondrial energetics and insulin action in skeletal muscle, highlighting the potential of STK25 antagonists for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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| 2. |
- Gaines, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Six-week follow-up after HIV-1 exposure: a position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:2, s. 93-98
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV) conducted a review and analysis of the state of knowledge on the duration of follow-up after exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Up until then a follow-up of 12 weeks after exposure had been recommended, but improved tests and new information on early diagnosis motivated a re-evaluation of the national recommendations by experts representing infectious diseases and microbiology, county medical officers, the RAV, the Public Health Agency, and other national authorities. Based on the current state of knowledge the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the RAV recommend, starting in April 2015, a follow-up period of 6 weeks after possible HIV-1 exposure, if HIV testing is performed using laboratory-based combination tests detecting both HIV antibody and antigen. If point-of-care rapid HIV tests are used, a follow-up period of 8 weeks is recommended, because currently available rapid tests have insufficient sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 antigen. A follow-up period of 12 weeks is recommended after a possible exposure for HIV-2, since presently used assays do not include HIV-2 antigens and only limited information is available on the development of HIV antibodies during early HIV-2 infection. If pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis is administered, the follow-up period is recommended to begin after completion of prophylaxis. Even if infection cannot be reliably excluded before the end of the recommended follow-up period, HIV testing should be performed at first contact for persons who seek such testing.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Marcus, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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A TEST IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CORE MANUFACTURING SIMULATION DATA SPECIFICATION
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2007 Winter Simulation Conference in Washington D.C. USA, December 9-12 2007. ; , s. 1673-1681
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes an effort of testing the Core Manufacturing Simulation Data (CMSD) information model as a neutral data interface for a discrete event simulation model developed using Enterprise Dynamics. The implementation is based upon a model of a paint shop at a Volvo Car Corporation plant in Sweden. The model is built for a Swedish research project (FACTS), which focuses on the work procedure of developing new and modified production systems. FACTS has found standardized simulation data structures to be of high interest to achieve efficient data collection in conceptual stages of production development programs. For the CMSD-development team, implementations serve as an approach to validate the structures in CMSD and to gather requirements for future enhancements. CMSD was originally developed to support job shops, but the results of this implementation indicate a good possibility to extend CMSD to also support flow shops.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Rosqvist, Fredrik, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Overeating saturated fat promotes fatty liver and ceramides compared to polyunsaturated fat : a randomized trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Oxford University Press. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 104:12, s. 6207-6219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Saturated fat (SFA) versus polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) may promote non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by yet unclear mechanisms.OBJECTIVE: To investigate if overeating SFA- and PUFA-enriched diets lead to differential liver fat accumulation in overweight and obese humans.DESIGN: Double-blind randomized trial (LIPOGAIN-2). Overfeeding SFA vs PUFA for 8 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of caloric restriction.SETTING: General community.Participants: n=61 overweight or obese men and women.INTERVENTION: Muffins high in either palm (SFA)- or sunflower oil (PUFA) were added to the habitual diet.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Lean tissue mass (not reported here). Secondary and exploratory outcomes included liver and ectopic fat depots.RESULTS: By design, body weight gain was similar in SFA (2.31±1.38 kg) and PUFA (2.01±1.90 kg) groups, P=0.50. SFA markedly induced liver fat content (50% relative increase) along with liver enzymes and atherogenic serum lipids. In contrast, despite similar weight gain, PUFA did not increase liver fat or liver enzymes or cause any adverse effects on blood lipids. SFA had no differential effect on the accumulation of visceral fat, pancreas fat or total body fat compared with PUFA. SFA consistently increased, while PUFA reduced circulating ceramides; changes that were moderately associated with liver fat changes and proposed markers of hepatic lipogenesis. The adverse metabolic effects of SFA were reversed by calorie restriction.CONCLUSIONS: Saturated fat markedly induces liver fat and serum ceramides whereas dietary polyunsaturated fat prevent liver fat accumulation, reduce ceramides and hyperlipidemia during excess energy intake and weight gain in overweight individuals.
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| 9. |
- Rydén, Magnus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Fe2O3 on Ce-, Ca- or Mg-stabilized ZrO2 as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion using NiO as additive
- 2010
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Ingår i: AICHE Journal. - : Wiley. - 1547-5905 .- 0001-1541. ; 56:8, s. 2211-2220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen-carrier particles for chemical-looping combustion have been manufactured by freeze granulation. The particles consisted of 60 wt % Fe2O3 as active phase and 40 wt % stabilized ZrO2 as support material. Ce, Ca, or Mg was used to stabilize the ZrO2. The hardness and porosity of the particles were altered by varying the sintering temperature. The oxygen carriers were examined by redox experiments in a batch fluidized- bed reactor at 800–950°C, using CH4 as fuel. The experiments showed good reactivity between the particles and CH4. NiO was used as an additive and was found to reduce the fraction of unconverted CH4 with up to 80%. The combustion efficiency was 95.9% at best and was achieved using 57 kg oxygen carrier per MW fuel. Most produced oxygen carriers appear to have been decently stable, but using Ca as stabilizer resulting in uneven results. Further, particles sintered at high temperatures had a tendency to defluidize.
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| 10. |
- Rydén, Magnus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Ilmenite with addition of NiO as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion
- 2010
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 89:11, s. 3523-3533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The naturally occurring mineral ilmenite, FeTiO3, has been examined as oxygen carrier for chemical-loopingcombustion. NiO-based particles have been used as an additive, in order to examine if it is possible toutilize the catalytic properties of metallic Ni to facilitate decomposition of hydrocarbons into more reactivecombustion intermediates such as CO and H2. Firstly, ilmenite was examined by oxidation and reductionexperiments in a batch fluidized-bed reactor. These experiments indicated moderate reactivitybetween ilmenite and CH4, which was used as reducing gas. However, adding 5 wt.% of NiO-based particlesto the ilmenite improved the conversion of CH4 greatly, resulting in an increase in combustion efficiencywith a factor of 3. Secondly, 83 h of chemical-looping combustion experiments were conducted ina small circulating fluidized-bed reactor, using ilmenite as oxygen carrier and natural gas as fuel. A widerange of process parameters and different levels of NiO addition were examined. Occasionally, there wereproblems with the circulation of solids between the air reactor and fuel reactor, but most of the time theexperiments worked well. The products were mostly CO2, H2O and unconverted CH4. Adding smallamounts of NiO-based particles to the reactor increased the conversion of the fuel considerably. Forthe base case conducted at 900, the combustion efficiency was 76% for pure ilmenite and 90% for thecorresponding experiments with 1 wt.% NiO-based particles added to the reactor. The properties ofilmenite were found to change considerably during operation. Used particles had lower density, weremore reactive and more porous than fresh particles. These changes appear to have been physical, andno unexpected chemical phases could be identified.
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| 11. |
- Rydén, Magnus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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NiO supported on Mg-ZrO2 as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion and chemical-looping reforming
- 2009
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Ingår i: Energy and Environmental Sciences. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 2:9, s. 970-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen-carrier particles consisting of 40 wt% NiO supported on 60 wt% Mg-stabilized ZrO2 were produced by freeze granulation and examined as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping applications. Firstly, the particles were examined by oxidation and reduction experiments in a batch fluidized-bed reactor. These experiments indicated very high reactivity with CH4 and low affinity for carbon formation. For highly oxidized particles the products were CO2 and H2O, while for reduced particles they were CO and H2. Secondly, the particles were examined by 40 hours of operation in a small circulating fluidized-bed reactor, using natural gas as fuel. For chemical-looping combustion, there was complete conversion of fuel into products with high selectivity towards CO2 and H2O. At 950ºC, a combustion efficiency of 99.3% was achieved, which is only 0.1%-point below the theoretical maximum, i.e. thermodynamic equilibrium. For chemical-looping reforming, the conversion of fuel was 99.9% or higher, with high selectivity towards CO and H2. Operating at the desired process parameters, which was a fuel reactor temperature of 950ºC and an air ratio of 0.30, worked flawlessly. When only natural gas was used as fuel there was slight formation of solid carbon in the fuel reactor. Adding 30 vol% steam to the fuel removed the carbon formation. The particles retained their physical and chemical structure reasonably well during operation. Approximately 5% of the particles added to the reactor were lost as fines during the first hours of operation. Further, the porosity of the particles increased somewhat during operation. The density was 10% lower for used particles, compared to fresh.
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| 12. |
- Sayin, Volkan I., 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Zfp148 Deficiency Causes Lung Maturation Defects and Lethality in Newborn Mice That Are Rescued by Deletion of p53 or Antioxidant Treatment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transcription factor Zfp148 (Zbp-89, BFCOL, BERF1, htβ) interacts physically with the tumor suppressor p53 and is implicated in cell cycle control, but the physiological role of Zfp148 remains unknown. Here we show that Zfp148 deficiency leads to respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice. Zfp148 deficiency prevented structural maturation of the prenatal lung without affecting type II cell differentiation or surfactant production. BrdU analyses revealed that Zfp148 deficiency caused proliferation arrest of pulmonary cells at E18.5–19.5. Similarly, Zfp148-deficient fibroblasts exhibited proliferative arrest that was dependent on p53, raising the possibility that cell stress is part of the underlying mechanism. Indeed, Zfp148 deficiency lowered the threshold for activation of p53 under oxidative conditions. Moreover, both in vivo and cellular phenotypes were rescued on Trp53+/− or Trp53−/− backgrounds and by antioxidant treatment. Thus, Zfp148 prevents respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice by attenuating oxidative stress–dependent p53-activity during the saccular stage of lung development. Our results establish Zfp148 as a novel player in mammalian lung maturation and demonstrate that Zfp148 is critical for cell cycle progression in vivo.
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| 13. |
- Svahn, Sara L, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids Increase Survival and Decrease Bacterial Load in Mice Subjected to Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Sepsis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 84:4, s. 1205-1213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sepsis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is increasing in incidence. With the alarming use of antibiotics, S. aureus is prone to become methicillin resistant. Antibiotics are the only widely used pharmacological treatment for sepsis. Interestingly, mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids have better survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis than mice fed HFD rich in saturated fatty acids (HFD-S). To investigate what component of polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids, exerts beneficial effects on the survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis, mice were fed HFD rich in omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids for 8 weeks prior to inoculation with S. aureus. Further, mice fed HFD-S were treated with omega-3 fatty acid metabolites known as resolvins. Mice fed HFD rich in omega-3 fatty acids had increased survival and decreased bacterial loads compared to those for mice fed HFD-S after S. aureus-induced sepsis. Furthermore, the bacterial load was decreased in resolvin-treated mice fed HFD-S after S. aureus-induced sepsis compared with that in mice treated with vehicle. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids increase the survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis by reversing the deleterious effect of HFD-S on mouse survival.
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| 14. |
- Abad, Alberto, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The use of iron oxide as oxygen carrier in a chemical-looping reactor
- 2007
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 86:7-8, s. 1021-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a method for the combustion of fuel gas with inherent separation of carbon dioxide. This technique involves the use of two interconnected reactors, an air reactor and a fuel reactor. The oxygen demanded in the fuel combustion is supplied by a solid oxygen carrier, which circulates between both reactors. Fuel gas and air are never mixed and pure CO2 can be obtained from the flue gas exit. This paper presents the results from the use of an iron-based oxygen-carrier in a continuously operating laboratory CLC unit, consisting of two interconnected fluidized beds. Natural gas or syngas was used as fuel, and the thermal power was between 100 and 300 W. Tests were performed at four temperatures: 1073, 1123, 1173 and 1223 K. The prototype was successfully operated for all tests and stable conditions were maintained during the combustion. The same particles were used during 60 h of hot fluidization conditions, whereof 40 h with combustion. The combustion efficiency of syngas was high, about 99% for all experimental conditions. However, in the combustion tests with natural gas, there was unconverted methane in the exit flue gases. Higher temperature and lower fuel flows increase the combustion efficiency, which ranged between 70% and 94% at 1123 K. No signs of agglomeration or mass loss were detected, and the crushing strength of the oxygen carrier particles did not change significantly. Complementary experiments in a batch fluidized bed were made to compare the reactivity of the oxygen carrier particles before and after the 40 h of operation, but the reactivity of the particles was not affected significantly.
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| 15. |
- Amrutkar, Manoj, et al.
(författare)
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STK25 is a critical determinant in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. - 1530-6860. ; 30:10, s. 3628-3643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and 10-20% of patients with NAFLD progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with a high risk of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its high medical importance, the molecular mechanisms controlling progression from simple liver steatosis to NASH remain elusive. We recently identified serine/threonine protein kinase (STK)25 as a critical regulator of ectopic lipid deposition, systemic glucose, and insulin homeostasis. To elucidate the role of STK25 in the development of NASH, we challenged Stk25-knockout and transgenic mice with a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. We show that Stk25(-/-) mice are protected against MCD-diet-induced NASH, as evidenced by repressed liver steatosis, oxidative damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, whereas Stk25 transgenic mice developed a more severe NASH phenotype, compared with corresponding wild-type littermates. Consistently, NASH features were suppressed in STK25-deficient human hepatocytes cultured in MCD medium, and reciprocally enhanced in STK25-overexpressing cells. We also found a significant positive correlation in human liver biopsies between STK25 expression and NASH development. The study provides evidence for multiple roles of STK25 in NASH pathogenesis and future investigations to address the potential therapeutic relevance of pharmacological STK25 inhibitors in prevention and treatment of NASH are warranted.-Amrutkar, M., Chursa, U., Kern, M., Nuñez-Durán, E., Ståhlman, M., Sütt, S., Borén, J., Johansson, B. R., Marschall, H.-U., Blüher, M., Mahlapuu, M. STK25 is a critical determinant in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Andersson, Marcus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of molecular mobility of polymeric implants on soft tissue reactions: An in vivo study in rats
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4965 .- 1549-3296. ; 84A:3, s. 652-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although numerous different polymers are used as implants or otherwise studied for many other biotechnical applications, there is a lack of basic models that correlate polymer characteristics with foreign body reactions. This study aims at developing one such model by systematically studying surface molecular mobility of polymeric implants in soft tissues in vivo. Changing the length of the alkyl side chain of poly(alkyl methacrylates) (PAMAs), provides an interesting opportunity to study the surface molecular mobility with minimal changes of the hydrophobicity of the surface. Thus, in this study three different PAMAs, with increasingly surface mobility; poly (isobutyl methacrylate) (PIBMA), poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA), and poly(lauryl methacralate) (PLMA) along with pure titanium (Ti) substrates were implanted in the dorsum of Sprague-Dawley rats. Inflammatory cell recruitment, cell adhesion, and cytokine release were studied after 1, 3, and 28 days of implantation. Total number of inflammatory cells in the exudate was measured but no correlation between surface mobility and cell recruitment where found. However, the number of surface associated cells where significantly lower on the surfaces with high molecular mobility (PLMA and PBMA). The histological evaluation performed after 28 days revealed thicker fibrous capsule and a higher number of blood vessels on the low molecular mobility surface (PIBMA). After 28 days the cell activity was higher on the high molecular mobility surfaces (PLMA and PBMA) compared with PIBMA, based on the cytokine release. None of the surfaces induced any significant cell-death. On the basis of the results of this study we conclude that there is a significant difference in biological response to surfaces with different in molecular mobility. This might affect the wound healing process and the biocompatibility of biomaterials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Received: 13 March 2006; Revised: 15 December 2006; Accepted: 29 January 2007 Digital Object Identifier (DOI) 10.1002/jbm.a.31389 About DOI
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| 18. |
- Asp, Leif, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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A structural battery and its multifunctional performance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research. - : Wiley. - 2699-9412. ; 2:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering materials that can store electrical energy in structural load paths can revolutionize lightweight design across transport modes. Stiff and strong batteries that use solid-state electrolytes and resilient electrodes and separators are generally lacking. Herein, a structural battery composite with unprecedented multifunctional performance is demonstrated, featuring an energy density of 24 Wh kg-1 and an elastic modulus of 25 GPa and tensile strength exceeding 300 MPa. The structural battery is made from multifunctional constituents, where reinforcing carbon fibers (CFs) act as electrode and current collector. A structural electrolyte is used for load transfer and ion transport and a glass fiber fabric separates the CF electrode from an aluminum foil-supported lithium–iron–phosphate positive electrode. Equipped with these materials, lighter electrical cars, aircraft, and consumer goods can be pursued.
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| 19. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 20. |
- Borenäs, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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ALK ligand ALKAL2 potentiates MYCN-driven neuroblastoma in the absence of ALK mutation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 40:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High‐risk neuroblastoma (NB) is responsible for a disproportionate number of childhood deaths due to cancer. One indicator of high‐risk NB is amplification of the neural MYC (MYCN) oncogene, which is currently therapeutically intractable. Identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) as an NB oncogene raised the possibility of using ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treatment of patients with activating ALK mutations. 8–10% of primary NB patients are ALK‐positive, a figure that increases in the relapsed population. ALK is activated by the ALKAL2 ligand located on chromosome 2p, along with ALK and MYCN, in the “2p‐gain” region associated with NB. Dysregulation of ALK ligand in NB has not been addressed, although one of the first oncogenes described was v‐sis that shares > 90% homology with PDGF. Therefore, we tested whether ALKAL2 ligand could potentiate NB progression in the absence of ALK mutation. We show that ALKAL2 overexpression in mice drives ALK TKI‐sensitive NB in the absence of ALK mutation, suggesting that additional NB patients, such as those exhibiting 2p‐gain, may benefit from ALK TKI‐based therapeutic intervention.
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| 21. |
- Dalstam, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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A stepwise implementation of the virtual factory in manufacturing industry
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. ; 2018-December, s. 3229-3240
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A big challenge for manufacturers today is to create a flexible and efficient production system. One way of managing this challenge is to establish a virtual factory, a virtual model of the production unit. Working smarter by using the advantages that digitalization implies enables production of personalized products at increasing speed. This paper explores how to implement such a concept by stepwise increasing the maturity of the virtual factory. Evaluated at a large-scale Swedish manufacturer, local needs and enabling technologies benchmarked at industry leaders have been identified and strategically mapped to their corresponding maturity step. This paper shows that the implementation of a virtual factory relies on standardized work procedures, ensuring its use as a decision aid throughout the company. Implementing a virtual factory in this manner will facilitate user-driven development and more accurate decision making, generating support for efficient production systems.
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| 22. |
- Doyle, Maria, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur polis och universitet effektivt kan samverka
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Past, the Present and the Future of Police Research. - Växjö : Linnéuniversitetet, Polisutbildningen. ; , s. 183-200
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 23. |
- Drevinge, Christina, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Perilipin 5 is protective in the ischemic heart
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 219, s. 446-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Myocardial ischemia is associated with alterations in cardiac metabolism, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation. Here we investigate how myocardial lipid content and dynamics affect the function of the ischemic heart, and focus on the role of the lipid droplet protein perilipin 5 (Plin5) in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia. Methods and results: We generated Plin5(-/-) mice and found that Plin5 deficiency dramatically reduced the triglyceride content in the heart. Under normal conditions, Plin5(-/-) mice maintained a close to normal heart function by decreasing fatty acid uptake and increasing glucose uptake, thus preserving the energy balance. However, during stress or myocardial ischemia, Plin5 deficiency resulted in myocardial reduced substrate availability, severely reduced heart function and increased mortality. Importantly, analysis of a human cohort with suspected coronary artery disease showed that a common noncoding polymorphism, rs884164, decreases the cardiac expression of PLIN5 and is associated with reduced heart function following myocardial ischemia, indicating a role for Plin5 in cardiac dysfunction. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Plin5 deficiency alters cardiac lipid metabolism and associates with reduced survival following myocardial ischemia, suggesting that Plin5 plays a beneficial role in the heart following ischemia. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 24. |
- Evangelou, Evangelos, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:10, s. 1412-1425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
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| 25. |
- Everard, A., et al.
(författare)
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Microbiome of prebiotic-treated mice reveals novel targets involved in host response during obesity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Isme Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1751-7362 .- 1751-7370. ; 8:10, s. 2116-2130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gut microbiota is involved in metabolic and immune disorders associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We previously demonstrated that prebiotic treatment may significantly improve host health by modulating bacterial species related to the improvement of gut endocrine, barrier and immune functions. An analysis of the gut metagenome is needed to determine which bacterial functions and taxa are responsible for beneficial microbiota-host interactions upon nutritional intervention. We subjected mice to prebiotic (Pre) treatment under physiological (control diet: CT) and pathological conditions (high-fat diet: HFD) for 8 weeks and investigated the production of intestinal antimicrobial peptides and the gut microbiome. HFD feeding significantly decreased the expression of regenerating islet-derived 3-gamma (Reg3g) and phospholipase A2 group-II (PLA2g2) in the jejunum. Prebiotic treatment increased Reg3g expression (by similar to 50-fold) and improved intestinal homeostasis as suggested by the increase in the expression of intectin, a key protein involved in intestinal epithelial cell turnover. Deep metagenomic sequencing analysis revealed that HFD and prebiotic treatment significantly affected the gut microbiome at different taxonomic levels. Functional analyses based on the occurrence of clusters of orthologous groups (COGs) of proteins also revealed distinct profiles for the HFD, Pre, HFD-Pre and CT groups. Finally, the gut microbiota modulations induced by prebiotics counteracted HFD-induced inflammation and related metabolic disorders. Thus, we identified novel putative taxa and metabolic functions that may contribute to the development of or protection against the metabolic alterations observed during HFD feeding and HFD-Pre feeding.
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| 26. |
- González Chávez, Clarissa Alejandra, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving Sustainable Manufacturing by Embedding Sustainability KPIs in Digital Twins
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. ; 2022-December, s. 1683-1694
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manufacturing industry requires highly flexible and dynamic production lines that shift from conventional mass production to cover the requirements and fulfill demands. Customized production may reduce production waste but has not been studied to a wide extent. The advancement of digital technologies, e.g., Digital Twins, enable factories to collect real-time data. Also, they can enable remote monitoring of the production processes by establishing bi-directional flows of data between the physical and virtual spaces. This study draws its sight to the potential of digital manufacturing to improve sustainability in production systems by making use of Digital Twins. This research work performs a literature review and identifies suitable KPIs for a DES model and evaluates the impact in a drone factory in four scenarios that test final assembly processes. The findings of this work can pose a first step toward the future development of a digital twin.
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| 27. |
- Herz, Marcus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Avslutning
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Kritiskt socialt arbete. - Malmö : Liber. - 9789147096886 ; , s. 169-180
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Johansson, Maria E, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Is Expressed in Human Atherosclerosis and Inhibits Disease in Mice-Brief Report
- 2014
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1079-5642 .- 1524-4636. ; 34:12, s. 2632-2636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective-Cholinergic pathways of the autonomic nervous system are known to modulate inflammation. Because atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition, we tested whether cholinergic signaling operates in this disease. We have analyzed the expression of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha 7nAChR) in human atherosclerotic plaques and studied its effects on the development of atherosclerosis in the hypercholesterolemic Ldlr(-/-) mouse model. Approach and Results-alpha 7nAChR protein was detected on T cells and macrophages in surgical specimens of human atherosclerotic plaques. To study the role of alpha 7nAChR signaling in atherosclerosis, male Ldlr(-/-) mice were lethally irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow from wild-type or alpha 7nAChR-deficient animals. Ablation of hematopoietic cell alpha 7nAChR increased aortic atherosclerosis by 72%. This was accompanied by increased aortic interferon-gamma mRNA, implying increased Th1 activity in the absence of a7nAChR signaling. Conclusions-The present study shows that signaling through hematopoietic alpha 7nAChR inhibits atherosclerosis and suggests that it operates by modulating immune inflammation. Given the observation that alpha 7nAChR is expressed by T cells and macrophages in human plaques, our findings support the notion that cholinergic regulation may act to inhibit disease development also in man.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Johansson, Marcus, 1975
(författare)
-
Screening of oxygen-carrier particles based on iron-, manganese-, copper- and nickel oxides for use in chemical-looping technologies
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Capture and storage of carbon dioxide from combustion will likely be used in the future as a method of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and thus be part of the overall strategy to stabilize the atmospheric levels of CO2. Chemical-looping combustion is a method of combustion where CO2 is inherently separated from the non-condensable components in the flue gas without the need for an energy intensive air separation unit. This is because nitrogen from the combustion air is never mixed with the fuel. Instead, oxygen carriers, in the form of metal oxide particles, circulate between two interconnected fluidized reactors and transfer oxygen from the air to the fuel through heterogeneous gas-solid redox reactions. The technology could also be adapted for the production of hydrogen from fossil fuels with CO2 separation, i.e. chemical-looping reforming.108 different oxygen-carriers based on iron-, manganese-, copper- and nickel oxides have been investigated. These carriers are prepared with inert material to increase the lifetime and performance of the particles. All particles but one have been produced by a freeze-granulation method. In order to optimize the performance of the particles, the sintering temperature of the particles was varied between 950°C and 1600°C. Normally particles of the size range of 125-180 m have been used for the reactivity investigations. Screening tests were performed in a laboratory fluidized-bed reactor of quartz placed in a furnace. The particles were exposed to an environment simulating a real chemical-looping combustor, by alternating between reducing (50% CH4 / 50 % H2O) and oxidizing conditions (5% O2 in N2). The temperature was varied in the range 600 – 950°C with most experiments conducted at 950°C. In addition the particles were characterized with respect to strength, physical appearance and chemical structure before and after the experiments. Some suitable oxygen carriers were investigated in more detail in the fluidized bed, and parameters such as reaction temperature, particle size, reducing gas and experimental method were varied. With respect to reactivity with methane, the different oxygen carriers can generally be ranked in the order nickel> copper> manganese> iron whereas the crushing strength roughly follows the opposite order. Several types of inert material were used in this work, and this was found to be a very important parameter. It was found that inert material based on alumina and zirconia in general resulted in promising oxygen carriers, whereas titania, silica and magnesia were less promising with respect to reactivity or lifetime of the particles. Using a low sintering temperature in preparation is associated with a high reactivity, but also a low strength. This is because the higher temperatures provoke a breakdown of the internal porous structure which also makes them denser. Twelve out of the initial 108 particles were not useful for different reasons, including melting, lack of structure and lack of reactivity due to formation of non-reducible species.The majority of the investigated oxygen carriers are well suited for chemical-looping combustion taking into consideration the important criteria of reactivity, high conversion of the fuel, relatively high strength and ability to withstand de-fluidization, agglomeration, fragmentation and abrasion.
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| 36. |
- Johansson, Marcus, 1975
(författare)
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Selection of oxygen carriers for chemical-looping combustion using methane as a fuel
- 2005
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to meet new demands on clean energy producing technologies, chemical-looping combustion could play an important role. With this technique, CO2 from the flue gases can be separated and collected without excessive energy and efficiency penalty. This is because nitrogen from the combustion air is never mixed with the fuel. Instead, oxygen carriers, in the form of metal oxide particles, circulate between two interconnected fluidized reactors and transfer oxygen from the air to the fuel through solid-gas phase redox reactions. In this thesis, 90 different oxygen-carriers based on nickel-, manganese- and iron oxides have been investigated. These carriers are prepared with inert material to increase the lifetime and performance of the particles. With the exception of one oxygen carrier, all particles have been produced by a freeze-granulation method. The sintering temperature of the particles was between 950°C to 1600°C in order to optimize the strength and porosity. Normally particles of the size range of 125-180 m have been used for the reactivity tests. These tests were performed in a laboratory fluidized-bed reactor of quartz placed in a furnace holding 950°C. There the particles were exposed to an environment simulating a real chemical-looping combustor, by alternating between reducing (50% CH4 / 50 % H2O) and oxidizing conditions (5% O2 in N2). In addition the particles were characterized with respect to strength, physical appearance and chemical structure before and after the experiments. With respect to reactivity the different oxygen carriers with methane can generally be ranked in the order nickel> manganese> iron whereas the strength roughly follows the opposite order. The addition of inert is made to examine if the properties of the particles can be improved. It was found that inert material based on alumina and zirconia gives good results whereas titania, silica and magnesia were less successful. Another important parameter that affects the reactivity of the particles is the sintering temperature used as the last step in manufacturing. Using a low sintering temperature is associated with a high reactivity, but also a low strength. This is because the higher temperatures provoke a breakdown of the internal porous structure which also makes them denser. Ten out of the initial 90 particles were not useful for different reasons including melting, lack of structure and lack of reactivity due to formation of non-reducible species.The majority of the investigated oxygen carriers are well suited for chemical-looping combustion taking into consideration the important criteria of high reactivity (solids inventory in the fuel reactor less than 500 kg/MWCH4), high conversion of the fuel, relatively high strength and ability to withstand de-fluidization, agglomeration, fragmentation and attrition.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Johansson, Marcus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Using continuous and pulse experiments to compare two promising nickel-based oxygen carriers for use in chemical-looping technologies
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 87:6, s. 988-1001
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical-looping technologies have obtained widespread recognition as power or hydrogen production units with inherent carbon capture in a future scenario where CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is reality. In this paper three different techniques are described; chemical-looping combustion and two categories of chemical-looping reforming. The three techniques are all based on oxygen carriers that are circulating between an air- and a fuel reactor, providing the fuel with undiluted oxygen. Two different oxygen carriers; NiO/NiAl2O4 (40/60 wt/wt) and NiO/MgAl2O4 (60/40 wt/wt) are compared. Both continuous and pulse experiments were performed in a batch laboratory fluidized bed working at 950 °C using methane as fuel. It was found that pulse experiments offer advantages in comparison to continuous experiments, particularly when evaluating suitable particles for autothermal chemical-looping reforming. Firstly, smaller conversion ranges can be investigated in more detail, and secondly, the onset and extent of carbon formation can be determined more accurately. Of the two oxygen carriers, NiO/MgAl2O4 offers several advantages at elevated temperatures, i.e. higher methane conversion, higher selectivity to reforming and lesser tendency for carbon formation.
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| 39. |
- Kosen, Sandoko, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Building blocks of a flip-chip integrated superconducting quantum processor
- 2022
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Ingår i: Quantum Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 2058-9565. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have integrated single and coupled superconducting transmon qubits into flip-chip modules. Each module consists of two chips-one quantum chip and one control chip-that are bump-bonded together. We demonstrate time-averaged coherence times exceeding 90 mu s, single-qubit gate fidelities exceeding 99.9%, and two-qubit gate fidelities above 98.6%. We also present device design methods and discuss the sensitivity of device parameters to variation in interchip spacing. Notably, the additional flip-chip fabrication steps do not degrade the qubit performance compared to our baseline state-of-the-art in single-chip, planar circuits. This integration technique can be extended to the realisation of quantum processors accommodating hundreds of qubits in one module as it offers adequate input/output wiring access to all qubits and couplers.
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| 40. |
- Krantz, Marcus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Anaerobicity prepares Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells for faster adaptation to osmotic shock
- 2004
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Ingår i: Eukaryotic Cell. - 1535-9786 .- 1535-9778. ; 3:6, s. 1381-1390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Yeast cells adapt to hyperosmotic shock by accumulating glycerol and altering expression of hundreds of genes. This transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to osmotic shock encompasses genes whose products are implicated in protection from oxidative damage. We addressed the question of whether osmotic shock caused oxidative stress. Osmotic shock did not result in the generation of detectable levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To preclude any generation of ROS, osmotic shock treatments were performed in anaerobic cultures. Global gene expression response profiles were compared by employing a novel two-dimensional cluster analysis. The transcriptional profiles following osmotic shock under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were qualitatively very similar. In particular, it appeared that expression of the oxidative stress genes was stimulated upon osmotic shock even if there was no apparent need for their function. Interestingly, cells adapted to osmotic shock much more rapidly under anaerobiosis, and the signaling as well as the transcriptional response was clearly attenuated under these conditions. This more rapid adaptation is due to an enhanced glycerol production capacity in anaerobic cells, which is caused by the need for glycerol production in redox balancing. Artificially enhanced glycerol production led to an attenuated response even under aerobic conditions. These observations demonstrate the crucial role of glycerol accumulation and turgor recovery in determining the period of osmotic shock-induced signaling and the profile of cellular adaptation to osmotic shock.
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| 41. |
- Lantero Rodriguez, Marta, et al.
(författare)
-
Testosterone reduces metabolic brown fat activity in male mice
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 251:1, s. 83-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brown adipose tissue (BAT) burns substantial amounts of mainly lipids to produce heat. Some studies indicate that BAT activity and core body temperature are lower in males than females. Here we investigated the role of testosterone and its receptor (the androgen receptor; AR) in metabolic BAT activity in male mice. Castration, which renders mice testosterone deficient, slightly promoted the expression of thermogenic markers in BAT, decreased BAT lipid content, and increased basal lipolysis in isolated brown adipocytes. Further, castration increased the core body temperature. Triglyceride-derived fatty acid uptake, a proxy for metabolic BAT activity in vivo, was strongly increased in BAT from castrated mice ( 4.5-fold increase vs sham-castrated mice) and testosterone replacement reversed the castration-induced increase in metabolic BAT activity. BAT-specific AR deficiency did not mimic the castration effects in vivo and AR agonist treatment did not diminish the activity of cultured brown adipocytes in vitro, suggesting that androgens do not modulate BAT activity via a direct, AR-mediated pathway. In conclusion, testosterone is a negative regulator of metabolic BAT activity in male mice. Our findings provide new insight into the metabolic actions of testosterone.
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| 42. |
- Leion, Henrik, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The use of ilmenite as an oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Research and Design. - 0263-8762 .- 1744-3563. ; 86, s. 1017-1026
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The feasibility of using ilmenite as oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion has been investigated. Itwas found that ilmenite is an attractive and inexpensive oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion.Alaboratory fluidizedbed reactor system, simulating chemical-looping combustion by exposing the sample to alternating reducing and oxidizing conditions,was used to investigate the reactivity. During the reducing phase, 15 g of ilmenite with a particlesize of 125–180μm was exposed to a flow of 450mLn/min of either methane or syngas (50% CO, 50% H2) and during the oxidizing phase to a flow of 1000mLn/min of 5% O2 in nitrogen. The ilmenite particles showed no decrease in reactivity in the laboratory experiments after 37 cycles of oxidation and reduction. Equilibrium calculations indicate that the reduced ilmenite is in the form FeTiO3 and the oxidized carrier is in the form Fe2TiO5 +TiO2. The theoretical oxygen transfer capacity between these oxidation states is 5%. The same oxygen transfer capacity was obtained in the laboratory experiments with syngas. Equilibrium calculations indicate that ilmenite should be able to give high conversion of the gases with the equilibrium ratios CO/(CO2 + CO) and H2/(H2O+H2) of 0.0006 and 0.0004, respectively. Laboratory experiments suggest a similar ratio for CO. The equilibrium calculations give a reaction enthalpy of the overall oxidation that is 11% higher than for the oxidation of methane per kmol of oxygen. Thus, the reduction fromFe2TiO5 +TiO2 to FeTiO3 with methane is endothermic, but less endothermic compared to NiO/Ni and Fe2O3/Fe3O4, and almost similar to Mn3O4/MnO.
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| 43. |
- Levin, Malin, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Rip2 deficiency leads to increased atherosclerosis despite decreased inflammation.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Circulation research. - 1524-4571. ; 109:11, s. 1210-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The innate immune system and in particular the pattern-recognition receptors Toll-like receptors have recently been linked to atherosclerosis. Consequently, inhibition of various signaling molecules downstream of the Toll-like receptors has been tested as a strategy to prevent progression of atherosclerosis. Receptor-interacting protein 2 (Rip2) is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in multiple nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation pathways, including Toll-like receptors, and is therefore an interesting potential target for pharmaceutical intervention.
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| 44. |
- Lind, Marcus, 1975-
(författare)
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Determinants of adverse events during oral anticoagulant treatment
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Treament with oral anticoagulation is highly effective in reducing the burden of thromboembolic complications in several clinical conditions. The number of patients receiving oral anticoagulation is growing steadily. InSwedenabout 1.5 percent of the population receives treatment. Although the treatment is highly effective in preventing thromboembolic complications, it is also associated with a substantial increase in the risk of bleeding. In clinical practice every physician has to balance the potential benefit of treatment against the risk of bleeding complications in the individual patient. To aid in this decision making, risk scores addressing the likelihood of thromboembolic events, as well as the risk of bleeding complications, have been developed. These scores are imperfect and, to some degree limited by the fact that the risk factors predictive of thromboembolic events are also often associated with bleeding complications. The addition of biomarkers has the potential to increase the predictive ability of risk scores and further enhance the net benefit of oral anticoagulant treatment in the individual patient. In this thesis several potential biomarkers for thromoboembolic and haemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant therapy have been investigated in a longitudinal cohort study of 719 patients with a median follow-up time of 4.2 years. Thrombomodulin is a key component in the generation of activated protein C and hence, a coagulation inhibitor. Conversely, it is also a key component in the inhibition of fibrinolysis by activation of trombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor. In warfarin-treated patients we demonstrate that thrombomodulin predicts an increased risk of bleeding complications, but not cardiovascular events. Thus, thrombomodulin has potential as a biomarker specifically for bleeding complications. Von Willebrand factor plays a central and intricate role in the aggregation of platelets and low levels of VWF have been associated with bleeding as a manifestation of von Willebrand’s disease. In our study we noted that high levels of von Willebrand factor predict an increased risk of cardiovascular as well as all-cause mortality, possibly as an expression of endothelial dysfunction. We also noted that high levels of WVF seem to be associated with serious bleeding complications. Decreased renal function is usually measured by an increase in the levels of creatinine and cystatin C, or a decrease in the calculated glomerular filtration rate. A decrease in kidney function is regarded as a marker of an increased risk of bleeding complications. We investigated all the mentioned markers of kidney function and no association with bleeding complications became apparent. However, a clear association between a decrease in kidney function and mortality was noted. Our findings indicate that the emphasis on impaired kidney function as a risk marker needs to be shifted from bleeding complications toward thromboembolic events. Fibrinolysis is important in containing coagulation and several constituents of the fibrinolytic pathway have been shown to predict cardiovascular events and mortality. We found that fibrinolytic factors seem to predict cardiovascular events in patients with oral anticoagulation and that D-dimer also predicts bleeding complications. In conclusion, we have found several biomarkers which exhibit different predictive abilities in patients with oral anticoagulation. It is likely that biomarkers, either alone, in combination, or as ancillary components of risk scores, can contribute to improved risk stratification in patients with oral anticoagulation.
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| 45. |
- Lindwall, Magnus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic associations of change in physical activity and change in cognitive function: Coordinated analyses of four longitudinal studies
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Aging Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2204 .- 2090-2212. ; 2012
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study used a coordinated analyses approach to examine the association of physical activity and cognitive change in four longitudinal studies. A series of multilevel growth models with physical activity included both as a fixed (between-person) and time-varying (within-person) predictor of four domains of cognitive function (reasoning, memory, fluency, and semantic knowledge) was used. Baseline physical activity predicted fluency, reasoning and memory in two studies. However, there was a consistent pattern of positive relationships between time-specific changes in physical activity and time-specific changes in cognition, controlling for expected linear trajectories over time, across all four studies. This pattern was most evident for the domains of reasoning and fluency.
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| 46. |
- Lyngfelt, Anders, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Chemical-looping combustion - status of development
- 2008
-
Ingår i: 9th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds May 13 - May 16, Hamburg 2008.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a combustion technology with inherentseparation of the greenhouse gas CO2. The technique involves the use of a metal oxide as anoxygen carrier which transfers oxygen from combustion air to the fuel, and hence a directcontact between air and fuel is avoided. Two inter-connected fluidized beds, a fuel reactor andan air reactor, are used in the process. In the fuel reactor, the metal oxide is reduced by thereaction with the fuel and in the air reactor; the reduced metal oxide is oxidized with air. Theoutlet gas from the fuel reactor consists of CO2 and H2O, and almost pure stream of CO2 isobtained when water is condensed. Considerable research has been conducted on CLC in thelast years with respect to oxygen carrier development, reactor design, system efficiencies andprototype testing. In 2002 the process was a paper concept, albeit with some important butlimited laboratory work on oxygen carrier particles. Today more than 600 materials have beentested and the technique has been successfully demonstrated in chemical-looping combustors inthe size range 0.3 – 50 kW, using different types of oxygen carriers based on the metals Ni, Co,Fe, Cu and Mn. The total time of operational experience is more than a thousand hours. Fromthese tests it can be established that almost complete conversion of the fuel can be obtained and100% CO2 capture is possible. Most work so far has been focused on gaseous fuels, but thedirect application to solid fuels is also being studied. Moreover, the same principle of oxygentransfer is used in chemical-looping reforming (CLR), which involves technologies to producehydrogen with inherent CO2 capture. This paper presents an overview of the research performedon CLC and CLR highlights the current status of the technology.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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