| 1. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option
- 2023
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long -term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Relation between alpha(S1)-casein, genotype, and quality traits of milk from Swedish dairy goats
- 2023
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 106, s. 5582-5592
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Locally produced food is becoming popular among Swedish consumers. One product that has increased in popularity is artisan-manufactured goat cheese, and although the dairy goat industry in Sweden is smallscale, production is gradually increasing. In goats, the CSN1S1 gene regulates expression of the protein aS1casein (alpha(S1)-CN), which has been found to be important for cheese yield. Over the years, breeding animals have been imported to Sweden from Norway. Historically, a high frequency of the Norwegian goat population carried a polymorphism at the CSN1S1 gene. This polymorphism, called the Norwegian null allele (D), leads to zero or significantly reduced expression of alpha(S1)-CN. Using milk samples from 75 goats, this study investigated associations between expression of alpha(S1)-CN and genotype at the CSN1S1 gene on milk quality traits from Swedish Landrace goats. Milk samples were grouped according to relative level of alpha(S1)-CN (low: 0-6.9% of total protein; medium-high: 7-25% of total protein) and genotype (DD, DG, DA/AG/AA). While the D allele leads to extremely low expression of alpha(S1)-CN, the G allele is low expressing and the A allele is highly expressing for this protein. Principal component analysis was used to explore the total variation in milk quality traits. To evaluate the effect of different allele groups on milk quality attributes, 1-way ANOVA and Tukey pairwise comparison tests were used. The majority (72%) of all goat milk samples investigated showed relative aS1-CN content of 0% to 6.82% of total protein. The frequency of individuals homozygous for the Norwegian null allele (DD) was 59% in the population of sampled goats, and only 15% carried at least one A allele. A low relative concentration of alpha(S1)-CN was associated with lower total protein, higher pH, and higher relative concentration of beta-casein and levels of free fatty acids. Milk from goats homozygous for the null allele (DD) showed a similar pattern as milk with low relative concentration of alpha(S1)-CN, but total protein was only numerically lower, and somatic cell count and alpha(S2)-CN were higher than for the other genotypes. The associations between levels of alpha(S1)-CN and the investigated genotype at the CSN1S1 gene indicate a need for a national breeding program for Swedish dairy goats.
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| 3. |
- Langton, Maud, et al.
(author)
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Gelation of faba bean proteins - Effect of extraction method, pH and NaCl
- 2020
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In: Food Hydrocolloids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0268-005X .- 1873-7137. ; 103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of extraction method, pH and NaCl addition on rheological properties and microstructure of heat-induced faba bean protein gels was evaluated. Gels formed at pH 7 (no NaCl) of alkaline-extracted protein had the densest and finest network structure and highest stress and strain at fracture. The high density of nodes and small pores in the protein network could contribute to those mechanical properties. In contrast, storage modulus (G′) and Young's modulus were lowest for protein gels at pH 7. The gels formed at pH 5 had high G′ and Young's modulus, whereas stress and strain at fracture were lower, especially for gels formed from alkaline-extracted protein. Gels formed at pH 5 with 2% NaCl had two types of internal gel network, caused by a change in solubility of 7S globulins. When the protein powder was dissolved in water, particle size was dependent on the extraction method, with alkaline extraction giving much larger protein particles than soaked extraction.
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| 4. |
- Abulaiti, Yiming, et al.
(author)
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Measurement of the centrality dependence of the charged-particle pseudorapidity distribution in proton-lead collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
- 2016
-
In: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 76:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The centrality dependence of the mean charged-particle multiplicity as a function of pseudorapidity is measured in approximately 1 mu b(-1) of proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Charged particles with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.7 are reconstructed using the ATLAS pixel detector. The p + Pb collision centrality is characterised by the total transverse energy measured in the Pb-going direction of the forward calorimeter. The charged-particle pseudorapidity distributions are found to vary strongly with centrality, with an increasing asymmetry between the proton-going and Pb-going directions as the collisions become more central. Three different estimations of the number of nucleons participating in the p + Pb collision have been carried out using the Glauber model as well as two Glauber-Gribov inspired extensions to the Glauber model. Charged-particle multiplicities per participant pair are found to vary differently for these three models, highlighting the importance of including colour fluctuations in nucleon-nucleon collisions in the modelling of the initial state of p + Pb collisions.
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| 5. |
- Andersson Odén, Tomas, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Kriskommunikation 2.0. Allmänhet, medier och myndigheter i det digitala medielandskapet
- 2016
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Hur uppfattar allmänheten nyhetsmediernas rapportering och myndigheternas kriskommunikation? Och hur kriskommunicerar allmänheten själv i de sociala mediernas tidevarv? Det är frågor som ställt i denna bok, där kriskommunikationen i samband med fem dramatiska svenska händelser jämförs och analyseras, med medborgarnas kommunikationsbehov som utgångspunkt. Boken vänder sig till kommunikatörer i offentlig tjänst, till mediemedarbetare, samt till forskare och andra med intresse av kriskommunikation. Boken utgör slutrapport från projektet Kriskommunikation 2.0, som finansierats av Myndighten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB)
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| 6. |
- Antonson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Andningsvårdande behandling vid buk- och thoraxkirurgi
- 2010
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In: Fysioterapi. - 1653-5804. ; :2, s. 36-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sedan snart hundra år arbetar sjukgymnaster för att minska risken för postoperativa lungkomplikationer hos patienter som skall opereras i bröstkorg och buk. Klinisk erfarenhet visar att sjukgymnastisk andningsvård är viktig men vad vet vi idag om effekten av olika insatser? Vilka insatser bör man i första hand välja? Författarna till denna artikel har utarbetat Riktlinjer för andningsvårdande behandling inom sjukgymnastik för patienter som genomgår buk- och thoraxkirurgi. Målet med riktlinjearbetet har varit att utvärdera och sammanställa befintlig evidens för andningsvårdande behandlingsmetoder inom sjukgymnastik som används i samband med buk- och thoraxkirurgiska ingrepp. Den samlade evidensen i kombination med expertgruppens kommentarer har resulterat i kliniska behandlingsrekommendationer. Dessa riktar sig till kliniskt verksamma sjukgymnaster som arbetar med buk- och thoraxkirurgiska patienter. Förhoppningen är att den aktuella och systematiskt sammanställda kunskapen ska bidra till diskussioner på enskilda arbetsplatser och att behandlingsrekommendationerna kan anpassa till lokala förhållanden. Denna artikel är en sammanfattning av riktlinjerna som finns att hämta på Sjukgymnastförbundets hemsida under Profession. I riktlinjedokumentet återfinns också en fullständig referenslista
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Barclay, Victoria K. H., et al.
(author)
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Acidic transformation of nordiazepam can affect recovery estimate during trace analysis of diazepam and nordiazepam in environmental water samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- 2019
-
In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 411:17, s. 3919-3928
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, a special interest was focused on the stability of diazepam and nordiazepam in aqueous samples at acidic and neutral pH. The aim of the study was to isolate and illustrate one of the many possible sources of error that can be encountered when developing and validating analytical methods. This can be of particular importance when developing multi-analyte methods where there is limited time to scrutinize the behavior of each analyte. A method was developed for the analysis of the benzodiazepines diazepam and nordiazepam in treated wastewater. The samples were extracted by solid phase extraction, using SPEC C18AR cartridges, and analyzed by the use of liquid chromatography, with a C18 stationary phase, coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Environmental water samples are often acidified during storage to reduce the microbial degradation of the target compounds and to preserve the sample. In some cases, the samples are acidified before extraction. In this study, it was found that a chemical equilibrium between nordiazepam and a transformation product could cause inaccurately high extraction recovery values when the samples were stored at low sample pH. The stability of nordiazepam was shown to be low at pH3. Within 12days, 20% of the initial concentration of nordiazepam was transformed. Interestingly, the transformed nordiazepam was shown to be regenerated and reformed to nordiazepam during sample handling. At a sample pH of 7, diazepam and nordiazepam were stable for 12days. It was concluded that great care must be taken when acidifying water samples containing nordiazepam during storage or extraction. The storage and the extraction should be conducted at neutral pH if no internal standard is used to compensate for degradation and conversion of nordiazepam. The developed method was validated in treated wastewater and applied for the quantification of diazepam and nordiazepam in treated wastewater samples.
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| 9. |
- Barclay, Victoria K.H., et al.
(author)
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Chiral analysis of metoprolol and two of its metabolites, alpha‑hydroxymetoprolol and deaminated metoprolol, in wastewater using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- 2012
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In: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1269:SI, s. 208-217
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A LC–MS/MS method for the chiral separation of metoprolol and two of its main metabolites, α-hydroxymetoprolol (α-OH-Met) and deaminated metoprolol (COOH-Met), in environmental water samples has been developed. The target bases, metoprolol and α-OH-Met, as well as the acidic metabolite (COOH-Met) were extracted from water samples by a solid phase extraction method employing Oasis HLB cartridges. The extraction recoveries were ≥73% for all compounds in surface water. Four different types of chiral stationary phases were investigated for the separation of the eight stereoisomers of metoprolol and its metabolites, Chiralcel OD-H, Chirobiotic V, Chiral AGP and Chiral CBH. In the final method, the enantiomers of metoprolol and four stereoisomers of α-OH-Met were separated using Chiral CBH, the enantiomers of COOH-Met were separated employing Chiral AGP. The analytes were detected in SRM mode by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The method was applied for the chiral analysis of the analytes in treated wastewater samples from Uppsala, Sweden. The enantiomers and diastereoisomers of α-OH-Met were detected and analyzed in the samples. The concentrations of the three first eluting stereoisomers of α-OH-Met were between 54 and 61 pM. Interestingly, the last eluting stereoisomer was found to be present at a concentration of 151 pM at the same sampling occasion. This is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first time the stereoisomers of α-OH-Met have been detected in wastewater samples. The enantiomers of metoprolol were determined to be 1.77 and 1.86 nM in the same matrix. The enantiomers of COOH-Met were not detected above the method detection limit (42 pM) in treated wastewater samples. The developed LC–MS/MS methods were validated in wastewater samples.
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| 10. |
- Barclay, Victoria K.H.
(author)
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Development of LC-MS/MS Methods for the Analysis of Chiral and Achiral Pharmaceuticals and Metabolites in Aqueous Environmental Matrices
- 2012
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis describes the development of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods for the trace analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their metabolites in aqueous environmental matrices. The research was focused on the development of chiral LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of fluoxetine and metoprolol, as well as their chiral metabolites in environmental water samples. A method was also developed for the achiral compounds, diazepam and nordiazepam. The LC-MS/MS methods were validated by the use of the isotope-labeled compounds. As these isotope-labeled compounds were not found in the wastewater samples, the validation could be assessed at trace level concentrations in the actual matrices in which the analytes were detected. The analytes were extracted from the water samples using solid phase extraction methods. Different types of solid phase extraction sorbents were evaluated. Fluoxetine and norfluoxetine were extracted through the use of a mixed mode polymeric based extraction sorbent. A hydrophilic and lipophilic balanced sorbent was employed for the simultaneous extraction of metoprolol and its metabolites, the base α-hydroxymetoprolol and the acidic metabolite deaminated metoprolol. Moreover, silica based C18 extraction discs were applied for the sample preparation of diazepam and nordiazepam. The chromatographic separations were conducted in reversed phase LC with MS compatible mobile phases. The enantiomers of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine were simultaneously separated using the chiral stationary phase (CSP), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). The Chiral AGP column was also applied for the separation of the enantiomers of deaminated metoprolol. For the simultaneous separation of the metoprolol enantiomers and the four stereoisomers of α-hydroxymetoprolol, the cellobiohydrolase (CBH) protein based CSP was used. An octadecyl silica based LC column was applied for the separation of diazepam and nordiazepam. The analytes were detected by the use of tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry operating in selective reactive monitoring mode. High resolution MS, employing a quadrupole time-of-flight (QqTOF) mass analyzer, was utilized for the identification of an unknown compound in wastewater samples. The APIs and their metabolites, as well as their respective enantiomers, were quantified in raw and treated wastewater from Uppsala, Sweden along with surface water from the River Fyris in Uppsala.
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| 11. |
- Barclay, Victoria K. H., et al.
(author)
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Trace analysis of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine : Part I: Development of a chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for wastewater samples
- 2011
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In: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1218:33, s. 5587-5596
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An enantioselective method for the determination of fluoxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and its pharmacologically active metabolite norfluoxetine has been developed for raw and treated wastewater samples. The stable isotope-labeled fluoxetine and norfluoxetine were used in an extended way for extraction recovery calculations at trace level concentrations in wastewater. Wastewater samples were enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE) with Evolute CX-50 extraction cartridges. The obtained extraction recoveries ranged between 65 and 82% in raw and treated wastewater at a trace level concentration of 50 pM (15-16 ng L(-1)). The target compounds were identified by the use of chiral liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The enantiomers were successfully resolved on a chiral alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein column (chiral AGP) with acetonitrile and 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer at pH 4.4 (3/97, v/v) as the mobile phase. The effects of pH, amount of organic modifier and buffer concentration in the mobile phase were investigated on the enantiomeric resolution (R(s)) of the target compounds. Enantiomeric R(s)-values above 2.0 (1.03 RSD%, n = 3) were achieved for the enantiomers of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in all mobile phases investigated. The method was validated by assessing parameters such as cross-contamination and carryover during SPE and during LC analysis. Cross-talk effects were examined during the detection of the analytes in SRM mode. In addition, the isotopic purity of fluoxetine-d(5) and norfluoxetine-d(5) were assessed to exclude the possibility of self-contamination. The interassay precision of the chromatographic separation was excellent, with relative standard deviations (RSD) equal to or lower than 0.56 and 0.81% in raw and treated wastewaters, respectively. The method detection and quantification limits (respectively, MDL and MQL) were determined by the use of fluoxetine-d5 and norfluoxetine-d5. The MQL for the single enantiomers ranged from 12 to 14 pM (3.6-4.3 ng L(-1)) in raw wastewater and from 3 to 4 pM (0.9-1 ng L(-1)) in treated wastewater. The developed method has been employed for the quantification of (R)-fluoxetine, (S)-fluoxetine and the enantiomers of norfluoxetine in raw and treated wastewater samples to be presented in Part II of this study.
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| 12. |
- Barclay, Victoria K H, et al.
(author)
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Trace analysis of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine. Part II : Enantioselective quantification and studies of matrix effects in raw and treated wastewater by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1227, s. 105-114
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The isotope-labeled compounds fluoxetine-d5 and norfluoxetine-d5 were used to study matrix effects caused by co-eluting compounds originating from raw and treated wastewater samples, collected in Uppsala, Sweden. The matrix effects were investigated by the determination of matrix factors (MF) and by a post-column infusion method. The matrix factors were determined to be 38–47% and 71–86% for the enantiomers of norfluoxetine-d5 and fluoxetine-d5, respectively. The influence of matrix effects when quantifying the enantiomers of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and the metabolite in wastewater samples with LC–MS/MS is discussed and methods to overcome the problem are presented. The enantiomeric concentrations of fluoxetine and its human metabolite norfluoxetine, quantified by a one-point calibration method, were 12–52 pM (3.5–16 ng L−1) in raw wastewater and 4–48 pM (1.2–15 ng L−1) in treated wastewater. Furthermore, the calculated enantiomeric fractions (EF) of the substances were found to be between 0.68 and 0.71 in both matrices. Neither the EF values for fluoxetine nor those for norfluoxetine were significantly different in the raw wastewater compared to the treated wastewater. Interestingly, the concentration of (S)-fluoxetine was found to be higher than the concentration of (R)-fluoxetine in both raw and treated wastewater. These results are different from other results presented in the literature, which shows that the relative concentrations of the enantiomers of a chiral active pharmaceutical ingredient might be significantly different in wastewater samples from different treatment systems. We report, for the first time, the concentrations of the enantiomers of norfluoxetine in wastewater samples. The concentrations of (S)-norfluoxetine were found to be higher than the concentration of (R)-norfluoxetine in the raw as well as in the treated wastewater samples.
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| 13. |
- Berg, Monika, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Building Institutional Trust Through Service Experiences : Private Versus Public Provision Matter
- 2020
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In: Journal of public administration research and theory. - : Oxford University Press. - 1053-1858 .- 1477-9803. ; 30:2, s. 290-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Welfare service experiences are known to shape citizens' trust in public institutions and their sup-port of the welfare state. But, there is poor understanding of how this relationship is shaped in systems of mixed provision, that is, welfare states that use public in-house as well as contracted private providers for publically funded services. Drawing on the notion of system trust this article provides a theoretical account of how mixed-provision welfare systems condition the relationship between service experience and trust, affecting the legitimacy of the state. Utilizing a random-ized vignette experiment with participants in a general citizen survey in Sweden, we investigate whether it matters for the formation of institutional trust if the welfare service is provided by a public or third-party private provider. The main result show that the spillover of trust from positive service experiences with the provider to trust in public institutions is higher in cases of public ser-vice provision. Thus, the possibility of using welfare services to build trust in the welfare system seems to be greater when public provision is used.
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| 14. |
- Berg, Monika, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Trust and safety in the segregated city : contextualizing the relationship between institutional trust, crime-related insecurity and generalized trust
- 2016
-
In: Scandinavian Political Studies. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0080-6757 .- 1467-9477. ; 39:4, s. 458-481
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trust is a crucial asset for any society, and the quest to generate and uphold trust is as crucial as ever. Several contemporary societal developments are proposed as being particularly challenging for upholding and restoring the levels of trust in society, including increasing ethnic diversity, rising inequality and the related geographical segregation. It has been convincingly argued that democratic institutions may generate trust by neutralizing some of these effects. This article explores how the mechanisms of trust differ in segregated, disadvantaged neighbourhoods as opposed to the surrounding general society. The empirical material consists of individual-level data from a segregated neighbourhood (Vivalla) in a medium-sized city in Sweden (Örebro), with a random sample from the population of the city (the Vivalla area excluded) as the comparison reference point, representing the general society. In the article we introduce perceived safety as an important mediator between trust in legal and government institutions and generalized trust, through which the differing mechanisms become evident. In the disadvantaged neighbourhood, we show that trust in government institutions has the function of primarily decreasing crime-related insecurity, which in its turn affects generalized trust. Thus, the relationship is indirect. In the city population, the effect instead goes directly from trust in government institutions to generalized trust. The results suggest that the potentials of different means to build and restore trust are dependent on local context.
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| 15. |
- Bernes, Gun, et al.
(author)
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Forskning pågår - från foder till ost
- 2018
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In: Nytt / Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för norrländsk jordbruksvetenskap.
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- I ett samarbete mellan Norrmejerier, Växa Sverige och institutioner vid SLU i Umeå och i Uppsala pågår tre sammanlänkade projekt där vi studerar hur ostens kvalitet påverkas av olika faktorer, från gård till mejeri. De bakterier och andra mikroorganismer som finns i foder, mjölk och ost studeras särskilt noga. Vi vill bland annat veta vad mikrofloran har för inverkan på ostens lagringstid och på dess smak och konsistens.
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| 16. |
- Bernes, Gun, et al.
(author)
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Från vallfoder till ost
- 2019
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In: Svenska vallbrev. - 1653-8064. ; , s. 3-5
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 17. |
- Bernes, Gun, et al.
(author)
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Vad påverkar mikrofloran i mjölken på gård och mejeri?
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- När man producerar långtidslagrad ost är det viktigt att kunna förutsäga lagringstiden och minimera förlusterna i produktionen från ystning till lagring och leverans av färdigt produkt. Mejeriet kan styra över processer och lagring men kan bara i begränsad omfattning påverka mjölkråvarans sammansättning. Projektet har syftat till att undersöka sambandet mellan olika gårdsfaktorer och sammansättning och mikroflora i mjölkråvaran på gården (gårdsmjölken). Dessutom undersöktes sambandet mellan mjölkråvaran på mejeriet (silomjölken) och kvaliteten och mognadstiden hos långtidslagrade ostar. Vi ville också studera säsongsvariationen hos mjölkråvarans kvalitet med fokus på mikrofloran. Studien inleddes med att dokumentera produktionen av mjölk på gårdar som levererar mjölk till mejeriet i Burträsk och dessutom några ekologiska gårdar som jämförelse. Totalt omfattande studien 43 gårdar. Dokumentationen inleddes med en enkät rörande gårdarnas storlek, inhysning, vallproduktion, fodermedel, mjölkningsrutiner mm. Enkätsvaren har kompletterats med data från Växa Sverige (Kokontrollen). Gårdarna har besökts vid två tillfällen då grovfoderprover tagits som analyserats för fermentationskvalitet. För att studera säsongsvariationen i mjölkråvarans kvalitet under ett år har prov från gårdarnas mjölktankar samlats in månadsvis av tankbilschaufförerna (utöver ordinarie provtagning). Proverna har analyserats för traditionella parametrar, inklusive totalantal bakterier och termoresistenta bakterier, men även för aktiviteten av plasmin, ett enzym som bryter ned mjölkens protein. För att få information om vilka bakterier som förekommer i gårds- och silomjölk, dvs sammansättningen av mjölkens mikroflora, har prover analyserats med molekylär teknik, s.k. DNA-sekvensering. Resultaten beskriver bakteriernas fördelning i procent men anger inte hur många de är i absoluta tal eller vilken betydelse de har. För att studera sambanden mellan gårdsdata, mjölkkvalitet inklusive mikroflorans sammansättning, och säsong har vi skapat ett antal matriser som länkar olika typer av information till varandra och bearbetat data med multivariata statistiska metoder. Vi har utifrån detta försökt utvärdera vilka faktorer på gården som påverkar gårdsmjölkens kvalitet, mikroflora och plasminaktivitet. Den viktigaste faktorn för totalantal bakterier och mikroflorans sammansättning visade sig vara vilket mjölkningssystem som fanns på gården, dvs bås, grop eller robot. Gårdar med robotmjölkning hade högre antal bakterier och fler termoresistenta bakterier i mjölken jämfört med de andra systemen. De hade även en annan sammansättning av mikrofloran jämfört med gårdar med mjölkning på bås. Mjölkning i grop visade sig vara ett mellanting mellan bås- och robotsystem när det gäller bakterier. Vi kunde även se att mjölknings- och diskrutiner hade betydelse för mikroflorans sammansättning och mjölkkvalitet, liksom hygienen på båspallen, användning av gummimatta och att korna inte klövverkas för sällan. I projektets andra del studerades kopplingen mellan silomjölkens sammansättning och produktion och lagring av långtidslagrad ost. Vi tog prover från mjölksilos innan pastörisering av mjölken och analyserade dessa för samma parametrar som för gårdsmjölken i den första delen av projekt, inklusive DNA-analyser av mikrofloran. Vid mejeriet i Burträsk tillverkas ost i stor skala och varje mjölksilo innehåller mjölk från ett stort antal gårdar. Mjölken som provtogs och analyserades i den här delen av studien kom i huvudsak från de gårdar som ingick i projektet men även från ett antal gårdar som inte deltog i projektet. Silomjölken provtogs från februari 2016 till februari 2017. Vid varje tillfälle togs prov från två eller tre silos. Ostar som producerades av mjölken provtogs och analyserades på alla traditionella parametrar inklusive sensoriska analyser. Detta gjordes efter 14 månaders mognadstid och därefter fram till att de bedömts som färdiga. För att förstå sambanden mellan silomjölk och ostproduktion analyserades data med multivariata statistiska metoder. Det fanns endast svaga samband mellan silomjölkens mikroflora före pastörisering och den resulterande ostens kvalitet och lagringstid. Det fanns dock viss koppling mellan mjölkens kvalitet och utbytet av ystningen, dvs hur mycket mjölk 4 som går åt för att göra ett kilo ostmassa; förhöjda värden för celltal, fria fettsyror, totalantal bakterier och pH var kopplat till minskat utbyte, medan högre fett- och proteinhalt var kopplat till ett högre utbyte. Orsaken till att vi bara ser svaga samband mellan silomjölkens sammansättning inklusive mikroflora, och ostens kvalitet, beror främst på att silomjölken är en blandning av mjölk från många gårdar, vilket gör att vi inte ser den tydliga variation som finns mellan enskilda gårdar.
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| 18. |
- Bernhardsson, Susanne, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of a tailored, multi-component intervention for implementation of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in primary care physical therapy: a non-randomized controlled trial
- 2014
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In: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 14:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Background Clinical practice guidelines are important for transmitting research findings into practice and facilitating the application of evidence-based practice (EBP). There is a paucity of knowledge about the impact of guideline implementation strategies in primary care physical therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a guideline implementation intervention in primary care physical therapy in western Sweden. Methods An implementation strategy based on theory and current evidence was developed. A tailored, multi-component implementation intervention, addressing earlier identified determinants, was carried out in three areas comprising 28 physical therapy practices including 277 physical therapists (PTs) (intervention group). In two adjacent areas, 171 PTs at 32 practices received no intervention (control group). The core component of the intervention was an implementation seminar with group discussions. Among other components were a website and email reminders. Data were collected at baseline and follow-up with a web-based questionnaire. Primary outcomes were the self-reported awareness of, knowledge of, access to, and use of guidelines. Secondary outcomes were self-reported attitudes toward EBP and guidelines. Analyses were performed using Pearson’s χ2 test and approximative z-test. Results 168 PTs (60.6%) in the intervention group and 88 PTs (51.5%) in the control group responded to the follow-up questionnaire. 186/277 PTs (67.1%) participated in the implementation seminars, of which 97 (52.2%) responded. The proportions of PTs reporting awareness of (absolute difference in change 20.6%, p = 0.023), knowledge where to find (20.4%, p = 0.007), access to (21.7%, p < 0.001), and frequent use of (9.5%, NS) guidelines increased more in the intervention group than in the control group. The proportion of PTs reporting frequent guideline use after participation in the implementation seminar was 15.2% (p = 0.043) higher than the proportion in the control group. A higher proportion considered EBP helpful in decision making (p = 0.018). There were no other significant differences in secondary outcomes. Conclusions A tailored, theory- and evidence-informed, multi-component intervention for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines had a modest, positive effect on awareness of, knowledge of, access to, and use of guidelines, among PTs in primary care in western Sweden. In general, attitudes to EBP and guidelines were not affected.
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| 19. |
- De Vries, Ruben, et al.
(author)
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Effect of shortening or omitting the dry period of Holstein-Friesian cows on casein composition of milk
- 2015
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 98, s. 8678-8687
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shortening or omitting the dry period of dairy cows on milk casein composition. For this study, we analyzed milk samples of 90 cows with a dry period of 0, 30, or 60 d and either a glucogenic or a lipogenic ration in early lactation. Milk was sampled at 6 and 2 wk prepartum and at 2, 6, and 12 wk postpartum. Milk was analyzed for casein (CN) composition by capillary zone electrophoresis, and isoforms of kappa-CN were measured by reversed phase-HPLC. Shortening the dry period from 60 to 30 d reduced the (alpha S1)-CN fraction by 3.8% and increased the alpha(S2)-CN fraction by 5.5%. In milk from cows with a 0-d dry period, the glycosylated is,-CN fraction in late lactation increased from 8 to 12% between 6 and 2 wk prepartum. After calving, the glycosylated kappa-CN fraction in milk was higher for cows with a 0-d dry period (6.7%) compared with cows with a 60-d dry period (5.2%). The glycosylated kappa-CN fraction at 2 wk postpartum was negatively correlated with milk yield, suggesting that glycosylation was related to reduced productivity of mammary epithelial cells. In early lactation, the beta-CN fraction was reduced in milk of cows with a 0-d dry period. A lowered beta-CN fraction was associated with high somatic cell count and greater parity, indicating that it was the result of proteolytic activity. In conclusion, casein composition changes that result from shortening the dry period from 60 to 30 d are not expected to affect processing characteristics of milk. Applying a 0-d dry period may affect processability of milk because of a higher glycosylated kappa-CN fraction, and possibly because of higher proteolytic activity compared with a 60-d dry period.
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| 20. |
- De Vries, Ruben, et al.
(author)
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Short communication: Influence of shortening the dry period of Swedish dairy cows on plasmin activity in milk
- 2016
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 99, s. 9300-9306
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of shortening the dry period of Swedish dairy cows on plasmin activity and casein composition in milk. Swedish Holstein and Swedish Red cows, 45 in total, were assigned to a dry period of either 4 or 8 wk. Milk samples were taken 10 and 5 wk prepartum, and 6 and 12 wk postpartum. Plasmin activity and plasminogen activity were measured with a spectrophotometric assay. Casein composition was measured by capillary zone electrophoresis. Prepartum plasminogen activity increased by 22% between 10 and 5 wk prepartum, whereas no change in plasmin activity was observed during the same period. Cows with a 4-wk dry period had 61% higher plasmin activity in postpartum milk than cows with an 8-wk dry period. Cows of third or greater parity tended to have a stronger increase in plasmin activity as a result of applying a short dry period than cows of second parity. Although the alpha(S1)- and beta-casein fractions declined with increasing plasmin activity, no dry period effects were found. Based on postpartum differences in plasmin activity, it was concluded that particularly multiparous cows require more than 4 wk between lactations for recovery of the mammary epithelium. Changes in casein composition as an effect of plasmin activity are not expected to have a great effect on processing quality of milk, although future work is needed to verify this.
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| 21. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Media Salience Shifts and the Public’s Perceptions About Reality: How Fluctuations in News Media Attention Influence the Strength of Citizens’ Sociotropic Beliefs
- 2024
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In: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines whether shifts in news media attention to societal issues matter for how strong beliefs citizens have about those issues. Based on an issue signal approach, in which media salience is conceptualized as signal strength, the study analyzes whether sociotropic beliefs become more prevalent, extreme, and certain when news media salience rises, and less prevalent, extreme, and certain when media salience drops. Using a four-wave panel survey dataset collected over a two-year period, the empirical analysis links media content analyses of issue salience to panel survey data, comparing four issues with different levels of baseline salience and political controversy: violent crimes, immigration, climate change, and antibiotic resistance. The analysis shows that issue-specific news media exposure and issue-specific use of alternative media offer two different pathways to the formation of beliefs. The hypothesized relationship with news media salience was supported for the two controversial issues with high baseline salience (immigration and violent crimes), but not for climate change and antibiotic resistance. The results indicate that issue attributes matter and that audiences may respond differently to salience shifts depending on the level of controversy of the issue.
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| 22. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Policy failure or moral scandal? Political accountability, journalism and new public management
- 2013
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In: Media Culture and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 35:8, s. 960-976
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Political accountability is fundamental in a democratic society. Societal changes such as the marketization of the public sector have, however, made accountability issues complex and negotiable. The question of who is to be held to account for policy failures is increasingly a subject of struggle within the media. The aim of this article is to examine how journalism does “accountability work” in a political setting marked by new public management. The empirical study focuses on an example of intensive news coverage of the mistreatment of elderly people in private health care, in Sweden, 2011. A corpus of 156 news items is analyzed. The analysis focuses on the use of accountability interviews, and how journalism constructs boundaries of political accountability by framing social problems. In general, the study shows that the political accountability work carried out was weak and restricted, the problems were constructed as a moral scandal instead of a policy failure.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(author)
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The Mediatization of Political Accountability - Politics, the news media logic and industrial crises in the 1980s and 2000s
- 2014
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In: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 15:3, s. 321-338
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigates how political accountability, as a key democratic principle, is performed in the media and how the practices and representations of accountability are transformed over time by the influences of mediatization. The implications of mediatization are analyzed with a focus on how aspects of media dramaturgy and independent journalism influence news reporting of political responsibility and how politicians are held to account in the media. The effects of mediatization are understood as conditioned by other structural changes in political life, in particular depoliticization. The empirical study is designed as a comparison of news reports on two national industrial crises in 1980–1982 and 2008–2011, and is based on content analyses of daily morning newspapers, evening tabloids, and regional and local newspapers. The study provides evidence for a non-linear understanding of mediatization. Significant aspects of media dramaturgy are shown to be rather stable between the two time periods whilst the journalistic independence and interpretations increase as expected. The hypothesis of depoliticization receives some support although the results are not unambiguous.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Dolatkhah, Mats
(author)
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Läsfrämjande i pedagogisk verksamhet
- 2015
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Other publication (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Flera institutioner i samhället arbetar på olika sätt med barns och ungas läsning. Dels handlar det om att barn och unga behöver utveckla läsförmågan för att kunna delta i utbildning, arbete och samhällsliv, dels eftersträvas ofta att utveckla läsintressen och läsvanor. På politisk nivå sätts läsandet i samband med såväl individuella som samhälleliga värden och ses ofta som en tillgång för demokratin (se t.ex. Litteraturutredningen 2012a, och Proposition 2013/14:3). I artikeln tas upp en omfattande forskning om läsning som kan vara av intresse för detta arbete.
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| 27. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of Bone Marrow Niche in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Identifies CXCL14 as a New Therapeutic Option
- 2023
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long-term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 28. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Leukotriene signaling via ALOX5 and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 is dispensable for in vitro growth of CD34+CD38- stem and progenitor cells in chronic myeloid leukemia
- 2017
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In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 490:2, s. 378-384
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the BCR-ABL oncoprotein in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are remarkably effective inducing deep molecular remission in most patients. However, they are less effective to eradicate the leukemic stem cells (LSC), resulting in disease persistence. Therefore, there is great need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to specifically target the LSC. In an experimental mouse CML model system, the leukotriene pathway, and specifically, the expression ALOX5, encoding 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), has been reported as a critical regulator of the LSC. Based on these results, the 5-LO inhibitor zileuton has been introduced in clinical trials as a therapeutic option to target the LSC although its effect on primary human CML LSC has not been studied. We have here by using multiplex single cell PCR analyzed the expression of the mediators of the leukotriene pathway in bone marrow (BM) BCR-ABL+CD34+CD38- cells at diagnosis, and found low or undetectable expression of ALOX5. In line with this, zileuton did not exert significant overall growth inhibition in the long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) and colony (CFU-C) assays of BM CD34+CD38- cells from 7 CML patients. The majority of the single leukemic BCR-ABL +CD34+CD38- cells expressed cysteinyl leukotriene receptors CYSLT1 and CYSLT2. However, montelukast, an inhibitor of CYSLT1, also failed to significantly suppress CFU-C and LTC-IC growth. These findings indicate that targeting ALOX5 or CYSLT1 signaling with leukotriene antagonists, introduced into the clinical practice primarily as prophylaxis and treatment for asthma, may not be a promising pharmacological strategy to eradicate persisting LSC in CML patients.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Edo Giménez, Mar, et al.
(author)
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Manual för plockanalyser av brännbart bygg- och rivningsavfall
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This manual provides instructions on how to perform sorting analyses of combustible construction and demolition waste studied in the project Framtidens avfallsbränsle – Uppströmsarbete och kvalitet.The sorting strategy described in this manual recommends sorting out the content of the waste sample based on its composition (referred to as main fractions) and functionality (referred to as subfractions). In this way, four material fractions are identified and sorted out (i.e. plastic, paper, wood and “others combustible and non-combustible materials”), and up to 48 different subfraction (i.e. plastic pipes, wooden furniture, packaging paper, cables, metal pieces etc.).It is important to mention that the subfractions listed in this report are indicative: not all of the subfractions listed are always found in the combustible construction and demolition waste. Additions or substitutions may be necessary to ensure the best outcomes from the sorting analyses depending on the aim and goals of the project.The way the waste sample is handled before a sorting analysis is performed is essential. For that reason, this manual also includes instructions about sample collection, identification and storage once the sample is received at the sorting waste plants; as well as brief recommendations about how to perform a pre-sorting of those materials with a potential for recycling and waste which can be easily removed.
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| 32. |
- Eklund, D. Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Homologues of the Arabidopsis thaliana SHI/STY/LRP1 genes control auxin biosynthesis and affect growth and development in the moss Physcomitrella patens
- 2010
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In: Development. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 137:8, s. 1275-1284
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The plant hormone auxin plays fundamental roles in vascular plants. Although exogenous auxin also stimulates developmental transitions and growth in non-vascular plants, the effects of manipulating endogenous auxin levels have thus far not been reported. Here, we have altered the levels and sites of auxin production and accumulation in the moss Physcomitrella patens by changing the expression level of homologues of the Arabidopsis SHI/STY family proteins, which are positive regulators of auxin biosynthesis genes. Constitutive expression of PpSHI1 resulted in elevated auxin levels, increased and ectopic expression of the auxin response reporter GmGH3pro:GUS, and in an increased caulonema/chloronema ratio, an effect also induced by exogenous auxin application. In addition, we observed premature ageing and necrosis in cells ectopically expressing PpSHI1. Knockout of either of the two PpSHI genes resulted in reduced auxin levels and auxin biosynthesis rates in leafy shoots, reduced internode elongation, delayed ageing, a decreased caulonema/chloronema ratio and an increased number of axillary hairs, which constitute potential auxin biosynthesis sites. Some of the identified auxin functions appear to be analogous in vascular and non-vascular plants. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal expression of the PpSHI genes and GmGH3pro:GUS strongly overlap, suggesting that local auxin biosynthesis is important for the regulation of auxin peak formation in non-vascular plants.
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| 33. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Negotiating politicians' responsibilities in news interviews
- 2016
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In: Journalism Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-2786 .- 1751-2794. ; 10:8, s. 983-1004
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- News interviews are contexts in which political responsibilities are articulated and negotiated. Although the accountability interview is recognized as a commonsense practice in journalism, and the research on political interviews is substantial, it partly remains to explore how responsibilities are negotiated in different forms of questioning in journalism. This study investigates three generic forms of questioning: accountability questioning, the clarifying of promises, and the principal assessments. Key features of the different forms are specified. The empirical study investigates how the questionings are performed in news on industrial crises in Sweden, in the different political regimes in the 1970s and the 2000s. The data consist of 27 news interviews with the formally responsible Ministers. The method is based on Conversation Analysis and includes detailed analyses of questions and answers. The study shows (1) how the forms of questioning differ when it comes to the action agenda and in how responsibilities are invoked and negotiated; (2) how the questionings tend to reproduce particular expectations of Governmental interventions; (3) how increased assertiveness and adversarialness in interviewing coincide with reduced expectations of political responsibilities.
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| 34. |
- Engström, Marianne, et al.
(author)
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Increased citrullination and expression of peptidylarginine deiminases independently of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans in gingival tissue of patients with periodontitis
- 2018
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In: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5876. ; 16
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis has been suggested from findings that individuals with RA are prone to have advanced periodontitis and vice versa. In search of possible common pathogenetic features of these two diseases, we investigated the presence of citrullinated proteins and expression of endogenous peptidylarginine deiminases (PAD2 and PAD4), in periodontal tissue of individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls, in relation to the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), producing leukotoxin as virulence factor. These two oral bacteria have been suggested to be linked to anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in patients with RA.METHODS: Gingival tissue biopsies were obtained from 15 patients with periodontitis and 15 individuals without periodontal disease. Presence of CD3-positive lymphocytes, citrullinated proteins, PAD2, PAD4, P. gingivalis as well as A. actinomycetemcomitans and Mannheimia haemolytica produced leukotoxins were analysed by immunohistochemistry, followed by triple-blind semi-quantitative analysis. Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyse differences between groups. PADI2 and PADI4 mRNA levels were assessed by RT-qPCR and analysed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.RESULTS: Increased staining of citrullinated proteins was observed in gingival connective tissue from subjects with periodontitis (80%, 12/15) compared to healthy gingival tissue (27%, 4/15), whereas no differences were observed in gingival epithelium. There was also an increased staining of the citrullinating enzymes PAD2 and PAD4 in gingival connective tissue of patients with periodontitis whereas similar levels of PAD2 and PAD4 were observed in the gingival epithelium of the two groups. Similarly, the mRNA levels of PADI2 and PADI4 were also increased in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, presence of P. gingivalis and leukotoxins was comparable in both epithelium and connective tissue, from the different investigated individuals with and without periodontitis, and there were no correlations between the presence of periodontal pathogens and the expression of citrullinated proteins or PAD enzymes.CONCLUSION: Chronic gingival inflammation is associated with increased local citrullination and PAD2 and PAD4 expression in periodontitis. The increased citrullination and PAD2 and PAD4 expression in periodontitis were, however, independent of the presence of periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin.
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| 35. |
- Eriksson, Elin, 1980-
(author)
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Undervisning med stöd av förproducerade material : Ett närmande av naturvetenskap i förskolan
- 2022
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis aims to develop an understanding of the possibilities and challenges pre-produced teaching materials present to teachers and the learning opportunities children are offered in teaching that uses such materials. To do this a study of preschool teachers and children from three preschool departments in Sweden was carried out. The study focuses on the preschool teachers’ descriptions of their planned teaching as well as their realization of their teaching when they use the pre-produced teaching material titled “Science and Technology for All”. The teacher guides to this material, used by the preschool teachers, are also examined. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of interviews, video observations and the teacher guides. The theoretical foundation is based on a pragmatic view from the ideas of John Dewey and the theoretical concepts ultimate and proximate purposes and continuity is used in the analysis.The results of the thesis show that, even though the preschool teachers drew on the same teaching material, they displayed three different teaching practices, each of which created different opportunities to learn natural science for the participating children. The results highlight specific teaching actions that appear to either promote or hinder children's opportunities for learning natural science. The results also show that the teacher guides are vague and ambiguous, thus opening the possibility of different interpretations regarding what should be focused on in the teaching. The study concludes by stressing the importance of clear and unambiguous teacher guides. The results of the study are relevant for teaching in preschool, and other early-years educational settings for example the early school years. The results also have a general validity across a wide range of subject areas.
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| 36. |
- Fagevik Olsén, Monika, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Long COVID - respiratory symptoms in non-hospitalised subjects - a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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In: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177. ; 25:5, s. 283-290
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the variety of respiratory appearances in Long COVID subjects who were not hospitalised during the acute phase of the infection. Methods: A consecutive series of 60 subjects participated (x) over bar 10.8 months (SD 4.5) after the acute phase of the infection. Respiratory function was tested concerning lung volumes, expiratory flow, muscle strength, physical capacity including concurrent oxygen saturation, chest expansion, lung sounds, pain and breathing pattern. Differences between those with or without positive test and duration of symptoms more or less than 6 months were analysed with T-test, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results: Decreased forced vital capacity was found in 6/60 (10%), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s and 7/60 (12%), low maximal inspiratory pressure in 38/58 (54%) and low maximal expiratory pressure in 10/58 (17%). Decreased physical capacity was registered in 36/52 (69%), and thoracic expansion in 26/46 (56%). Pathologic lung sounds had 15/58 (26%) and six patients desaturated during the test of physical capacity. A majority (36/58, 67%) presented pain in the ribcage. All but three patients (95%) showed a dysfunctional breathing pattern in sitting and standing. Only poor and fair correlations were found between age, duration and level of physical capacity compared to spirometry, respiratory muscle strength and thoracic expansion. Conclusion: Abnormal breathing pattern and respiratory movements as well as pain, and reduced lung volumes, flow, respiratory muscle strength, physical capacity and thoracic expansion may be involved in Long COVID. The breathing symptoms should therefore be looked for in a wider picture beyond spirometry and oximetry.
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| 37. |
- Fagevik Olsén, Monika, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Variations in respiratory and functional symptoms at four months after hospitalisation due to COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
- 2024
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In: BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE. - 1471-2466. ; 24:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Much remains unknown about complex respiratory symptoms after COVID-19. Here we aimed to describe and analyse patients' various respiratory symptoms 4 months after discharge from hospitalisation for COVID-19, focusing on sex, previous pulmonary disease, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Methods This cross-sectional study involved five hospitals and included 52 patients with self-assessed respiratory dysfunction at 4 months after discharge from hospitalisation for severe COVID-19. Their average age was 63 years, 38% were women, 15 had a previous diagnosed pulmonary disease, and 29 were current or previous smokers. Additionally, 31 had required intensive care-among whom 21 were intubated and 11 needed mechanical ventilation for >= 20 days. Respiratory function was tested concerning lung volumes, expiratory flow, muscle strength, physical capacity (including concurrent oxygen saturation), thoracic expansion, and respiratory movements. Results Among 52 patients, 47 (90%) had one or several objectively measured respiratory function abnormalities. Decreased thoracic expansion was observed in 32 patients (62%), abnormal respiratory movements in 30 (58%), decreased vital capacity in 21 (40%), low physical function in 13 (26%), and desaturation during the test in 9 (17%). Respiratory inspiratory muscle strength was more commonly diminished than expiratory strength (27% vs. 8%). We did not observe differences between men and women, or between patients with versus without diagnosed pulmonary disease, except that those with pulmonary disease had significantly lower physical capacity assessed with 6MWD (70% vs. 88% predicted, p = 0.013). Compared to those who did not, patients who required >= 20 days of mechanical ventilation performed similarly on most tests, except that all thoracic breathing movements were significantly smaller (p < 0.05). The numbers and combinations of abnormal findings varied widely, without clear patterns. Conclusion Patients with remaining respiratory symptoms 4 months after discharge from hospitalization due to COVID-19 may suffer from various abnormal breathing functions, and dysfunctional breathing that is not detected using traditional measurements. These patients may benefit from multidimensional measuring of breathing movement, thoracic expansion, and respiratory muscle strength, along with traditional measurements, to assess their symptoms and enable prescription of optimal treatment interventions and rehabilitation.
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| 38. |
- Flöög, Eva-Maria, et al.
(author)
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StilBib : erfarenheter av skolbiblioteksprojekt för språkutveckling
- 2008
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektet Stöd till skolbiblioteksutveckling (StilBib) ingår i en serie nationella satsningar som genomförts under ett decennium för att stödja kreativa språkmiljöer i skolan, där skolbibliotek uppfattas som en vital del av sådana miljöer. Satsningarna har syftat till att stärka skolbibliotekens pedagogiska roll för att stimulera barns och ungdomars språkutveckling.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Glimstedt, Amanda, et al.
(author)
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Att stimulera läsintresse med stöd av digitala redskap
- 2015
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Other publication (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artikeln tar upp forskning om hur digitala redskap på olika sätt kan användas för att stimulera och utveckla elevers läsintresse. Utifrån en syn på läsning och skrivande som en högst social praktik lyfter vi fram potentialen i digitala verktyg för att bygga gemensamma textvärldar och bidra till en levande läskultur i skolan. Utifrån begreppet läsargemenskap diskuteras hur man kan arbeta med texter genom skrivande, samtal, lek, bildskapande och dramatiseringar.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Gustavsson, Frida, et al.
(author)
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Effects of breed and casein genetic variants on protein profile in milk from Swedish Red, Danish Holstein, and Danish Jersey cows.
- 2014
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 1525-3198 .- 0022-0302. ; 97:6, s. 3866-3877
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In selecting cows for higher milk yields and milk quality, it is important to understand how these traits are affected by the bovine genome. The major milk proteins exhibit genetic polymorphism and these genetic variants can serve as markers for milk composition, milk production traits, and technological properties of milk. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between casein (CN) genetic variants and detailed protein composition in Swedish and Danish dairy milk. Milk and DNA samples were collected from approximately 400 individual cows each of 3 Scandinavian dairy breeds: Swedish Red (SR), Danish Holstein (DH), and Danish Jersey (DJ). The protein profile with relative concentrations of α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and αS1-, αS2-, κ-, and β-CN was determined for each milk sample using capillary zone electrophoresis. The genetic variants of the αS1- (CSN1S1), β- (CSN2), and κ-CN (CSN3) genes for each cow were determined using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Univariate statistical models were used to evaluate the effects of composite genetic variants, αS1-β-κ-CN, on the protein profile. The 3 studied Scandinavian breeds differed from each other regarding CN genotypes, with DH and SR having similar genotype frequencies, whereas the genotype frequencies in DJ differed from the other 2 breeds. The similarities in genotype frequencies of SR and DH and differences compared with DJ were also seen in milk production traits, gross milk composition, and protein profile. Frequencies of the most common composite αS1-β-κ-CN genotype BB/A(2)A(2)/AA were 30% in DH and 15% in SR, and cows that had this genotype gave milk with lower relative concentrations of κ- and β-CN and higher relative concentrations of αS-CN, than the majority of the other composite genotypes in SR and DH. The effect of composite genotypes on relative concentrations of the milk proteins was not as pronounced in DJ. The present work suggests that a higher frequency of BB/A(1)A(2)/AB, together with a decrease in BB/A(2)A(2)/AA, could have positive effects on DH and SR milk regarding, for example, the processing of cheese.
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| 44. |
- Hattinger, Monika, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Collaboration for lifelong-learning and contract education : towards a competence development model
- 2020
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In: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 26-28
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Competence development and continuous lifelong learning are increasing due to skill transformations in the surrounding world which have an impact on workplaces. Upskilling, down-skilling, re-skilling, and the need of totally new skills are intensified that changes the conditions for a sustainable work practice. Old academic degrees need to be updated and for those lacking one, employees are required to build up academic credits. A constant knowledge and skills development of employees are therefore vital for the changed work conditions, meaning for both the organization and for the individual lifelong learning. In such situation, the university can play asignificant role for educating and supporting the working life with higher education in forms that are adjusted to organizational competence needs. With contract education - CE, the Swedish universities can educate staff for competence development on all educational levels, even those without an earlier academic degree. However, only organizations (including private companies and public authorities) can commission a service from a higher education institution. Individuals are not allowed to buy a course place, which is regulated through the jurisdiction of Uppdragsförordningen 2002:760. Despite the many possibilities with CE to collaborate with the surrounding society, it put pressures on the university toorganize, support and create new routines for the teaching and administrativepersonnel for the contract educational process of customer dialogue, needs inventory, course design, implementation, and follow-up on initiatives.Given such background, a collaborative development project between six universities in Sweden was conducted between November 2017 until January 2021. Overall aim was to increase the knowledge of CE by developing a collaborative model forcompetence development. The project was designed to enhance the knowledge informs of models, methods, and documentation in three development areas for CE; 1) organization and work processes, 2) customer dialogue, needs inventory and course design, and 3) incentives and collaboration skills. Both the conditions of the university’s internal abilities, restrictions, and structures (i.e., area 1) as well as the incentives and capabilities for external organizations (customers) involved in the activities (i.e., area 2), have been in focus. Area 3 concerned the teacher’s abilities to grant collaborative qualifications by teaching and engaging with external partners.In an initial case study of area 1 and 2, and we asked: What are the university conditions for organizing contract education, and how is the educational process directing and supporting the working life knowledge requirement?The second study focused on area 3 and we asked: How does the university grant collaboration skills and qualifications for teachers and leaders involved in contract education?Study one summarized eight universities responses showing that four universities have a centralized organization for running CE of which two universities have a university enterprise for CE. The other four universities are decentralized organized. It is not clear which organization is most beneficial. However, it seems that central functions are essential for a long-term external collaboration with key customers. The variation of administrative support is large, and there are also many universities lacking a full-fledge support organization for developing sustainable internal routines as well as external collaborations. When it comes to the educational process of routines for CE, most universities in the study show a very similar process, concerning the steps of curricula development, contract development, calculation, and student admission etc. However, there are various efficiency between the universities built on volume and experience of CE, which effect the time from initialization to evaluation of a CE course. The second and small document and interview study (six interviews) was targeting the teacher’s incitement, skills, and their ability to grant contract education work as accreditation in their professional academic career. This study shows that universities generally lack support for skills acquisition regarding “collaboration” skills both for professional development and further qualification. It also shows that the six included universities in the project, have diverse documentation and work practices for collaboration skills accreditation. However, this study and the project itself have pushed, the included universities to start up evaluation of their documents and routines around accreditation.A summary report for the whole project including a competence development model and methods and as well as findings from the two studies, raises the overarching need to develop the external collaboration university – working life, as well as knowledge about the university conditions for planning, developing, and running contract education as one successful competence model for lifelong learning. Contract education is therefore argued to support work-integrated and lifelong learning through collaborative forms between university and the working life.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Hultgren, Frances, et al.
(author)
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Skolbibliotek och läsning
- 2021
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In: Skolbibliotek och lärande. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144141749 ; , s. 75-112
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 48. |
- Hultgren, Frances, et al.
(author)
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Stimulera läsintresse - en introduktion
- 2017
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Other publication (peer-reviewed)abstract
- I den här modulen diskuteras, utifrån läsforskning och styrdokument, skolans potential och ansvar för att utveckla elevers läsande. I denna första artikel presenteras och förklaras en rad begrepp kopplade till elevers läsutveckling. Betydelsen av samverkan mellan lärare och skolbibliotekarier för att stödja elevernas läsutveckling lyfts. Avslutningsvis introduceras hur en Läsvanestudie kan vara ett verktyg för att kartlägga hur elever ser på och använder sig av läsning.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Johansson, Ann-Sofi, et al.
(author)
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Cytotoxicity of superoxide dismutase 1 in cultured cells is linked to Zn2+ chelation
- 2012
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:4, s. e36104-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neurodegeneration in protein-misfolding disease is generally assigned to toxic function of small, soluble protein aggregates. Largely, these assignments are based on observations of cultured neural cells where the suspect protein material is titrated directly into the growth medium. In the present study, we use this approach to shed light on the cytotoxic action of the metalloenzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), associated with misfolding and aggregation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The results show, somewhat unexpectedly, that the toxic species of SOD1 in this type of experimental setting is not an aggregate, as typically observed for proteins implicated in other neuro-degenerative diseases, but the folded and fully soluble apo protein. Moreover, we demonstrate that the toxic action of apoSOD1 relies on the protein's ability to chelate Zn(2+) ions from the growth medium. The decreased cell viability that accompanies this extraction is presumably based on disturbed Zn(2+) homeostasis. Consistently, mutations that cause global unfolding of the apoSOD1 molecule or otherwise reduce its Zn(2+) affinity abolish completely the cytotoxic response. So does the addition of surplus Zn(2+). Taken together, these observations point at a case where the toxic response of cultured cells might not be related to human pathology but stems from the intrinsic limitations of a simplified cell model. There are several ways proteins can kill cultured neural cells but all of these need not to be relevant for neurodegenerative disease.
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