| 1. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1968-
(författare)
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Optics of coated paperboard : Aspects of surface treatment on porous structures
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Calendering of coated and uncoated paper is widely used to enhance optical properties such as gloss and print quality. The aim of this thesis is to characterize coatings and prints, and to validate models using experimental results from optical measurements of physical samples. Calendering of coated paper often leads to a brightness decrease. The mechanism for this is not altogether clear. One common explanation is that the porosity of the coating layer decreases and hence the scattering decreases. By comparing simulated and measured results it was shown that modifications of the surface properties account for the brightness decrease of ground calcium carbonate coated substrates with calendering. Monte Carlo light scattering simulations, taking into account the measured decrease of surface microroughness and increased effective refractive index, showed that surface modifications accounted for most of the observed brightness decrease of the ground calcium carbonate coated substrate, whereas the bulk scattering and absorption coefficients were not affected by calendering. It was also shown that the scattering coefficient is significantly dependent on the coat weight whereas the physical absorption coefficient is not. The penetration of ink in the z-direction of a substrate influences the quality of the print. The ink penetration affects print density, mottling and dot gain, common print effects that influence the preference of consumers. The pressure in the printing nip and the porosity of the substrate both affect the amount of ink that is pressed into the porous structure of a coating layer during printing. By printing pilot coated paperboard with different coating porosity and measuring the resulting optical properties of the prints, a basis for simulations of the different layers, that is to say the coating, the print and the mixed layer in between, was created. Results show that ink distribution is strongly affected by the roughness of the substrate. Fibres and fibre flocks underneath the two coating layers created an unevenly distributed coating thickness that affected the print quality. Differences in pore size and pore size distribution also affected the behaviour of the ink. A coating layer of broad pigment particle size distribution resulted in a relatively low print density, in comparison to coatings of narrowly distributed particle sizes. Comparison of dot gain showed that the coating layer of a narrow particle size distribution had a relatively low dot gain compared to others. In this work, these results are explained by the differences in ink distributions on and in the coating layers.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Galván, Ignacio Fdez., et al.
(författare)
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OpenMolcas : From Source Code to Insight
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1549-9618 .- 1549-9626. ; 15:11, s. 5925-5964
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this Article we describe the OpenMolcas environment and invite the computational chemistry community to collaborate. The open-source project already includes a large number of new developments realized during the transition from the commercial MOLCAS product to the open-source platform. The paper initially describes the technical details of the new software development platform. This is followed by brief presentations of many new methods, implementations, and features of the OpenMolcas program suite. These developments include novel wave function methods such as stochastic complete active space self-consistent field, density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) methods, and hybrid multiconfigurational wave function and density functional theory models. Some of these implementations include an array of additional options and functionalities. The paper proceeds and describes developments related to explorations of potential energy surfaces. Here we present methods for the optimization of conical intersections, the simulation of adiabatic and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, and interfaces to tools for semiclassical and quantum mechanical nuclear dynamics. Furthermore, the Article describes features unique to simulations of spectroscopic and magnetic phenomena such as the exact semiclassical description of the interaction between light and matter, various X-ray processes, magnetic circular dichroism, and properties. Finally, the paper describes a number of built-in and add-on features to support the OpenMolcas platform with postcalculation analysis and visualization, a multiscale simulation option using frozen-density embedding theory, and new electronic and muonic basis sets.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Svavel- och kvävenedfalletöver Stockholms län
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten presenterar resultat från spridningsberäkningar och mätningar av svavel- ochkvävenedfallet för perioden oktober 1994 — september 1995 (ett hydrologiskt år). Förberäkningarna används spridningsmodeller som utvecklats speciellt för Stockholms länoch som ingår i miljöövervakningssystemet som drivs av Luftvårdsförbundet i Stockholmslän.Modellberäkningarna ger halter av svaveldioxid och kväveoxider för varje timme med4x4 kilometers upplösning i hela länet. Torr- och våtdepositionen har summerats tillmånadsvärden. För beräkningarna används en detaljerad emissionsdatabas samt resultatenfrån ett stort antal mätningar av meteorologi, deposition, krondropp och föroreningshaltersom genomförts inom ramen för Luftvårdsförbundets och Länsstyrelsensregionala miljöövervakning. Beräkningarna jämförs med mätningar.Våtdepositionen av svavel och kväve är till största delen beroende av nederbördens geografiskafördelning, som varierar kraftigt p g a lokala klimatförhållanden. I genomsnittsyns två områden med förhållandevis hög nederbörd — inre delarna av Södertörn ochnorra delarna av Norrtälje kommun. I dessa områden är nederbördsmängden nästandubbelt så stor som över de yttre delarna av skärgården, där de minsta mängderna förekommer.Som mest noteras drygt 900 mm nederbörd för det hydrologiska året 1994/95.Detta är ca. 30% högre än de genomsnittligt högsta värdena för 10 år (1984 — 1993).Den relativa geografiska fördelningen av årsnederbörden 1994/95 skiljer sig inte väsentligtfrån den genomsnittliga fördelningen under de senaste 10 åren.Den högsta våtdepositionen av svavel sker över Södertörn med drygt 6 kg S/ha/år. I yttreskärgården ligger värdena på omkring 3 till 4 kg/ha/år. För kväve är motsvarande siffrordrygt 7 kg N/ha/år respektive 4 kg N/ha/år. Den geografiska fördelningen av torrdepositionenbestäms i hög grad av var utsläppen sker. Beräkningarna visar på mycket skarpagradienter med den högsta torrdepositionen i Stockholmsregionen och lägre värden utmot landsbygden och skärgården. Högsta torrdepositionen av svavel och kväve beräknasuppgå till 5 kg S/ha/år respektive 7 kg N/ha/år, vilket är drygt hälften av den totala depositionen.Som mest uppgår den totala depositionen (summan av våt- och torrdepositionen) avsvavel och kväve till drygt 9 kg S/ha/år respektive 12 kg N/ha/år. Det lägsta nedfallet,som sker över landsbygdsområden och skärgården, är på knappt hälften av de högstavärdena. I hela länet överskrids de undre kritiska belastningsgränserna för både svaveloch kväve.Bidragen till nedfallet från utsläpp av kväve och svavel i Stockholms län har beräknatsmed hjälp av spridningsmodellen. För kväve kan drygt 50% av den totala depositionen iStorstockholm härledas till utsläppen i länet. För svavel är motsvarande siffra 30% —40%.- 5 -Utanför tätortsområdena har utsläppen inom länet endast liten betydelse för den totaladepositionen. Här står intransporterade svavel- och kväveföreningar för huvuddelen.Mätningarna visar att halterna i luften som transporteras in är jämnt fördelade över länet.De geografiska variationerna i depositionen över landsbygden och skärgården ärdärför dels beroende av nederbördens fördelning, som bestämmer variationen i våtdeposition,dels markanvändningen, som påverkar variationen i torrdeposition.Det enda säkra sättet att bedöma noggrannheten i beräkningarna är att så långt det gårjämföra beräknade halter, deposition och nederbörd med uppmätta värden (i vissapunkter). För nederbörden erhålls en god beskrivning på de flesta platserna. I genomsnittför 12 mätstationer är beräknad årsnederbörd inom 2% av uppmätt värde. Under sommarenkan dock avvikelserna bli stora p g a mycket stora variationer i nederbördsmängdernaför olika platser i länet.När det gäller kväveoxidhalter (NOx och NO2) erhålls en god överensstämmelse mellanberäkningar och mätningar i Stockholms innerstad. Beräknade månadsmedelvärden liggerför de flesta månaderna inom 20% av uppmätta värden. För svaveldioxidhalterna(SO2) är skillnaden större speciellt för sommarmånaderna då halterna är mycket låga.Beräknat totalt nedfall av svavel stämmer relativt väl med krondroppsmätningarna. Beräknattotalt nedfall av kväve kan däremot inte jämföras med kvävenedfallet i krondropp,eftersom träden tar upp en avsevärd del av det kväve som tillförs skogen via luftoch nederbörd.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Metod för analys av limeffektiviteten i spånskivor
- 1991
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En metod har utvecklats, som gör det möjligt att identifiera karbamidlimmet på spån och i träbaserade skivor. Med metodens hjälp, och i kombination med bildanalys, kan man studera limmets fördelning på spånen och hur effektivt det utnyttjas i skivan. Metoden har utvecklats till en Trätek-service som vi erbjuder industrin. Kontakta Ingvar Johansson, tel 08-14 53 00, för mer information.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
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Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Den kalejdoskopiska offentligheten : Lokal press, värdemönster och det offentliga samtalets villkor 1880-1910
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim with this dissertation is to contribute to a deeper knowledge of three interwoven problem complexes. First, the aim is to analyse the functions of the press in society, in this context with a particular focus on the provincial press. Second, special attention is given to the significance of regional patterns of values for the potential of the newspapers to function. Third, the dissertation deals with the difficult and complex questions of the conditions for the public discourse. The primary aim is to analyse in detail what can be expressed in a particular environment at a particular time. The area investigated is the county of Kronoberg in the period 1880-1910. The empirical basis for the dissertation consists of in-depth studies of some attempts to establish newspapers in the county, along with a number of thematic studies.On the basis of previous research a number of functions of the press has been identified: information, politics, economy, education, entertainment and identity. The thematic studies of this dissertation reveals the context-bound relationship between the various functions. All the studies conducted here shows clearly that the occurrence of specific regional patterns of values was of great significance for the actions of the newspapers. All the newspapers studied recognize the existence of a shared foundation of values in the region. Some of the newspapers supported the ideals, others tried to combat them. None of them tried to deny that they existed or that they were significant. With Jürgen Habermas' model of public discourse as a starting-point and with the aid of four key terms - public sphere, accessibility, critique and discursive tone - I have systematically tried to capture the significance of the press for the conditions in which the public discourse is carried on.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Barros, Gustavo Gil, 1976-
(författare)
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Influence of Substrate Topography on Ink Distribution in Flexography
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The printability of paper in flexography is largely dependent on the topographical characteristics of the substrate. Topography imaging instruments make it possible to obtain three-dimensional scans of paper surfaces that can be further used to calculate valuable quality parameters. The primary aim of the work described in this thesis has been to identify and isolate structural properties of the paper surface which significantly influence the ink distribution during printing and limit the subsequently attainable print quality.OptiTopo is an optical imaging technique which provides precise and fast topographic scans of both printed and unprinted paper surfaces. The potential and limitations of the technique have been evaluated. The optical requirements on the substrate for an accurate and precise topographic scan were determined. Detail-rendering was substantially improved using a custom-designed restoring filter, and a new enhanced spatial resolution range was established. A combination of further algorithm improvements made it possible also to obtain reflectance-factor-calibrated intensity images of scanned printed surfaces.Serious deficiencies affecting the quality of flexographic prints may appear in the form of local unprinted areas (UCA) in a full-tone print, generally caused by incomplete ink transfer. An algorithm detecting and quantifying local uncovered area was developed, tested and successfully integrated with the OptiTopo instrument. A UCA occurrence frequency distribution, indicating the percentage of the uncovered area at a certain topographical elevation, was calculated for different prints. The topographic characteristics of the uncovered areas clearly indicate that surface depressions are the primary cause of uncovered areas in flexographic printing.Four different predictive models based on topography thresholding were proposed and tested using two independent quality judgement criteria. These quality indices took into account both the amount and location of the predictions. A deeper understanding of the topographical features governing UCA occurrence was established with a proposed ink bridging effect. The total risk of non-ink-covered areas in flexography printing due to topographical features was estimated.The overall influence of paper topography on the flexography printability of full-tone areas was studied and its importance for the ink distribution assessed. The impacts of printing plate hardness, printing pressure, anilox cylinder volume and substrate roughness were quantified. Two typical flexography patterns were identified and their origin discussed: sub-millimetre elongated structures and millimetre-scale blotches.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Barros, Gustavo Gil, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of UnCovered Area occurrence in flexography based on topography : A feasibility study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 21:2, s. 172-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This investigation concerns the development and prediction of uncovered areas (UCA) in flexographic full-tone prints based purely on substrate topographic information. Four different predictive models based on topography thresholding were proposed and tested using two independent quality judgement criteria.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Beach, Dennis, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Rurality and education relations : metro-centricity and local values in rural communities and rural schools
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Educational Research Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-9041. ; 18:1, s. 19-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on ethnographic fieldwork in six different types of rural area and their schools in different parts of Sweden, this article identifies how rural schools relate to the local place and discusses some of the educational implications from this. Recurrent references to the local community were present in some schools and people there explicitly positioned themselves in the local rural context and valorised rurality positively in education exchanges, content and interactions, with positive effects on young people's experiences of participation and inclusion. These factors tended to occur in sparsely populated areas. An emphasis on nature and its value as materially vital in people's lives was present as was a critique of middle-class metrocentricity. Such values and critique seemed to be absent in other areas, where rurality was instead often represented along the metrocentric lines of a residual space in modernizing societies.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Berg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Sequestration of carbon in the humus layer of Swedish forests - direct measurements
- 2009
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 39:5, s. 962-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine sequestration rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) we calculated the carbon (C) storage rate in humus layers of Swedish forests with Podsolic soils, which account for 14.2 x 106 ha of the 22.7 x 106 ha of forested land in Sweden. Our data set covered 41 years of humus inventories and mean humus layer thickness in 82513 plots. We analysed three forest types: (i) all combinations of tree species, (ii) forests dominated (>70%) by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and (Ui) forests dominated (>70%) by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). To relate changes in humus layer thickness to land area we used the intersections in 25 km x 25 km grids and used kriging interpolation, permitting calculations for each forest type. For each intersection mean humus thickness for each year was calculated and regressed against time to obtain the rate of change. This rate, humus bulk density, and humus C concentration were used, to calculate sequestration rates. The mean sequestration rate was 251 kg C-ha-1'year1, which is higher than theoretical values. The sequestration rate was positively related to temperature sum, albeit including effects of forest management. The pine-dominated forest type had a mean rate of 283 kgCha⁁year-1, and. the spruce-dominated had a mean rate of 239 kg Cha-1-year1. Under similar site conditions, pine sequestered more C than spruce (difference of 71 kg Cha-1'year-1; p < 0.0001), showing the importance of this type of ecosystem for C sequestration.
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| 23. |
- Berggren, K., et al.
(författare)
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Partitioning of peptides and recombinant protein-peptide fusions in thermoseparating aqueous two-phase systems : effect of peptide primary structure
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography B. - 0378-4347. ; 743:1-2, s. 295-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic engineering has been used for fusion of peptides, with different length and composition, on a protein to study the effect on partitioning in an aqueous two-phase system. The system was composed of dextran and the thermoseparating ethylene oxide-propylene oxide random copolymer, EO30PO70. Peptides containing tryptophan, proline, arginine or aspartate residues were fused at the C-terminus of the recombinant protein ZZ-cutinase. The aim was to find effective tags for the lipolytic enzyme cutinase for large-scale extraction. The target protein and peptide tags were partitioned separately and then together in the fusion proteins in order to gain increased understanding of the influence of certain amino acid residues on the partitioning. The salt K2SO4 was used to reduce the charge dependent salt effects on partitioning and to evaluate the contribution to the partition coefficient from the hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties of the amino acid residues. The effect of Trp on peptide partitioning was independent of the difference in primary structure for (Trp)n, (Trp-Pro)n, (Ala-Trp-Trp-Pro)n and was only determined by the number of Trp. The effect of the charged residues, Arg and Asp, was dependent on the surrounding residues, i.e. if they were situated next to Trp or not. The partitioning behaviour observed for the peptides was qualitatively and in some cases also quantitatively the same as for the fusion proteins. The effect of the salts sodium perchlorate and triethylammonium phosphate on the partitioning was also studied. The salt effects observed for the peptides were qualitatively similar to the effects observed for the fusion proteins.
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| 24. |
- Berglund, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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An explorative randomised phase II study of sequential chemotherapy in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Medical Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1357-0560 .- 1559-131X. ; 27:1, s. 65-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The feasibility, safety, and efficacy of planned sequential administration of docetaxel and irinotecan with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin in advanced upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma (UGIA) are unknown. Seventy-three patients with gastric (GC; n = 22), pancreatic (PC; n = 28) or biliary cancer (BC; n = 23) were randomised to start with 45 mg/m2 docetaxel or 180 mg/m2 irinotecan combined with 5-FU/leucovorin every 2nd week. After every 2nd course, the patients were crossed over to the other combination. Treatment was given for a maximum of 12 courses. Quality-of-life (QoL) was evaluated during the first two months using the EORTC QLQ-C30. Eighteen patients (25%; GC 32%, PC 21%, BC 22%) demonstrated partial response (PR) and 21 (29%) had prolonged stable disease. Mean QoL scores were low at baseline. Twenty-three (32%) patients had improved QoL using a summary measure and 13 were stable. Median time to progression was 4.4 months and overall survival 8.2 months. The treatments were reasonably well tolerated. Grade 3–4 toxicities were slightly more common for the docetaxel combination. There were two treatment-related deaths. Planned sequential treatment with docetaxel or irinotecan with 5-FU/leucovorin is feasible, reasonably tolerable and appears active in advanced UGIA.
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| 25. |
- Bjuggren, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Kommunal markskatt är mycket bättre
- 2006
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; 22 september
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 26. |
- Byström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of predictive markers for patients with advanced colorectal cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 51:7, s. 849-859
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background.To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of serum and plasma tumor markers, in comparison with clinical and biomedical parameters for response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with combination chemotherapy.Material and methods.One-hundred and six patients with mCRC from three centers, part of a multicenter study, received irinotecan with the Nordic bolus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid schedule (FLIRI) or the de Gramont schedule (Lv5FU2-IRI). Blood samples for CEA, CA19-9, TPA, TIMP-1, SAA, transthyretin and CRP were taken at baseline and after two, four and eight weeks of treatment. Tumor marker levels at baseline and longitudinally were compared with responses evaluated (CT/MRI) after two and four months of treatment. The correlations to RR, PFS and OS were evaluated with regression analyses.Results.A significant correlation to OS was seen for baseline levels of all markers. In multivariate analyses with clinical parameters, TPA, CRP, SAA and TIMP-1 provided independent information. The baseline values of CEA, TPA and TIMP-1 were also significantly correlated to PFS and TPA to RR. Changes during treatment, i.e. the slope gave with the exception of CA19-9 for OS less information about outcomes. The best correlation to response was seen for CEA, CA19-9 and TPA with AUC values of 0.78, 0.83 and 0.79, respectively, using a combined model based upon an interaction between the slope and the baseline value.Conclusions.Baseline tumor markers together with clinical parameters provide prognostic information about survival in patients with mCRC. The ability of the individual tumor markers to predict treatment response and PFS is limited. Changes in marker levels during the first two months of treatment are less informative of outcome.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Byström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Serum vitamin B12 and folate status among patients with chemotherapy treatment for advanced colorectal cancer
- 2009
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 114:3, s. 160-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There are conflicting results on the role of cobalamin and folate for epidemiology and carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer patients and the need of supplementation for prevention of chemotherapy toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum cobalamin, folate, and homocysteine were analysed before and during the treatment of 93 patients with advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC) with first-line chemotherapy treatment. This cohort was compared with a healthy control group of 224 individuals. RESULTS: Patients with ACRC had similar cobalamin, folate, and homocysteine values as the healthy control group. There were no correlations between serum cobalamin, folate, and homocysteine values and objective response. There were no correlations to anaemia or other severe toxicity for cobalamin and homocysteine. A total of 12 patients had folate deficiency, and 10 of those suffered from severe toxicity (grade 3 or more). All patients had markedly increased folate values after 2 months of treatment. Folate and homocysteine did not predict patient outcome; however, patients with subclinically low cobalamin values (<300 pmol/L) had significant better overall survival and time to progression than patients with normal or high cobalamin values. CONCLUSION: Patients with ACRC seem to have fairly adequate cobalamin and folate status before and during chemotherapy treatment. This study indicates that ACRC patients receiving chemotherapy do not need supplementation with vitamin B12 and folate. A minor portion of the patients had folate deficiency, and most of those patients had severe toxicity. Patients with subclinically low cobalamin values had surprisingly better survival.
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| 29. |
- Chinga-Carrasco, Gary, et al.
(författare)
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Structural effects on print-through and set-off
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 27:3, s. 596-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the effect of paper structure on ink transfer and cold-set print quality was assessed. A factorial experiment involving 5 factors with two levels was designed. Several sheet structures were constructed. The sheets were made from three basic pulps, thermomechanical pulp (TMP), de-inked pulp (DIP) and stone groundwood (SGW). The designed structures were homogeneous and layered to verify the effect of sheet structure and fines content on print quality. A comprehensive multiscale characterisation of the sheet structures was performed. The analyses comprised scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury porosimetry for bulk structure assessment. Parker Print Surf (PPS), laser profilometry and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were applied for giving a detailed description of the surface structure affecting ink transfer. The study revealed that the surface structure affects the ink demand and set-off. Increasing the micro-roughness leads to an increment of ink demand in order to achieve a given print density. The bulk pore structure affects the light scattering coefficients. Small pores are positive for increasing the light scattering and thus for reducing the print-through level. This was confirmed by SEM and mercury porosimetry measurements.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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The MAX IV Facility
- 2013
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Ingår i: 11th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2012). - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV synchrotron radiation facility is currently being constructed in Lund, Sweden. The accelerator park consists of a 3 GeV linac injector and 2 storage rings operated at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively. The linac injector will also be used for the generation of short Xray pulses. Close to 30 straight sections will be available for IDs at the rings. The three machines mentioned above are described below with some emphasis on the effort to create a very small emittance in the 3 GeV ring. Some unconventional technical solutions imposed by the emittance minimisation are discussed.
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| 32. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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The MAX IV Synchrotron Light Source
- 2011
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. - 9789290833666 ; , s. 3026-3028
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV synchrotron radiation facility is currently being constructed in Lund, Sweden. It consists of a 3 GeV linac injector and 2 storage rings operated at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively. The linac injector will also be used for the generation of short X-ray pulses. The three machines mentioned above are described with some emphasis on the effort to create a very small emittance in the 3 GeV ring. Some unconventional technical solutions will also be presented.
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| 33. |
- Fahlcrantz, Carl-Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison of different print mottle evaluation models
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Technical Association of the Graphic Arts, TAGA. - San Antonio, TX. ; , s. 511-525
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Print mottle, i.e. unwanted reflectance variation patterns, is perhaps one of the factors most detrimental to general print quality, and it is therefore important that it is evaluated in a proper and understandable manner. Several models have, over the years, been developed to evaluate mottle instrumentally. Today, there is also an ISO Standard for evaluating print mottle. The theoretical foundation of this standard is not however entirely reassuring. This paper attempts to examine a number of different print mottle evaluation models, including ISO 13660, conceptually and to compare the extents to which they correlate with visual print mottle assessment. Results suggest that three aspects of stochastic monochrome print mottle must be considered in any attempt to evaluate print mottle instrumentally: the amplitude of the variation, the coarseness of the variation, and the mean reflectance level of the print. The way in which this is carried out is however somewhat less crucial. We question whether an ISO standard for print mottle evaluation should indeed be based on a specific model such as the one described in ISO 13660. A standard based on a rigorous visual assessment of artificially created mottle would perhaps serve a better purpose.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Fahlcrantz, Carl-Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluating colour print mottle
- 2007
-
Ingår i: ADVANCES IN PRINTING AND MEDIA TECHNOLOGY. - 9789537292034 ; , s. 329-339
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the most detrimental features of print quality are unintentional spatial reflectance variations in prints, frequently referred to as print mottle. The ability of the human visual system to discriminate between colours makes it sensitive not only to lightness variations, but also to chromatic variations. Previously, several models have been put forward to estimate the amount of lightness variations in prints, but few to measure chromatic variations. In this paper, a new evaluation model, based on a previous achromatic model but generalized to colour, is presented. Printed samples from two sets of simulated prints with various degrees of colour variations and two sets of colour prints from various conventional presses were analysed to evaluate the performance of the new model. The new model gave a result which correlated considerably better with visual evaluation than the achromatic model when the variation was chromatic in character. In practical printing situations, however, the variation does not seem to be mainly chromatic in character and a colour mottle evaluation model may therefore often be redundant.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Fahlcrantz, Carl-Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
The Influence of Mean Reflectance on Perceived Print Mottle
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Imaging Science And Technology. - 8750-9237. ; 47:1, s. 54-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perceived magnitude of a stimulus detected by the human visual system is, according to Fechner's Law, proportional to the logarithm of its physical intensity. This suggests that the perceived mottle in a printed image depends not only on the reflectance variation of the image, but also on its mean reflectance level. One possible approach is therefore to use the reflectance variation divided by the mean reflectance level, dR/R, as an estimate of the perceived mottle in an image. However, practical use of this method indicates that perceived mottle may be overestimated in dark and underestimated in light images. The present study therefore attempts to establish a better relationship between perceived mottle and mean reflectance level. A set of halftone patches was constructed by digital simulation, and then visually evaluated. Results suggest that the measured variation should be divided by a power function, with an exponent less than 1, of the mean reflectance to obtain the best correlation between visual and instrumental evaluation. The highest correlation was attained using the inverse square root, i.e., an exponent equal to 0.5.
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| 38. |
- Fioretos, Thoas, et al.
(författare)
-
Isochromosome 17q in blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia and in other hematologic malignancies is the result of clustered breakpoints in 17p11 and is not associated with coding TP53 mutations
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Blood. - 1528-0020. ; 94:1, s. 225-232
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An isochromosome of the long arm of chromosome 17, i(17q), is the most frequent genetic abnormality observed during the disease progression of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and has been described as the sole anomaly in various other hematologic malignancies. The i(17q) hence plays a presumably important pathogenetic role both in leukemia development and progression. This notwithstanding, the molecular consequences of this abnormality have not been investigated in detail. We have analyzed 21 hematologic malignancies (8 CML in blast crisis, 8 myelodysplastic syndromes [MDS], 2 acute myeloid leukemias, 2 chronic lymphocytic leukemias, and 1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia) with i(17q) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Using a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig, derived from the short arm of chromosome 17, all cases were shown to have a breakpoint in 17p. In 12 cases, the breaks occurred within the Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) common deletion region in 17p11, a gene-rich region which is genetically unstable. In 10 of these 12 cases, we were able to further map the breakpoints to specific markers localized within a single YAC clone. Six other cases showed breakpoints located proximally to the SMS common deletion region, but still within 17p11, and yet another case had a breakpoint distal to this region. Furthermore, using chromosome 17 centromere-specific probes, it could be shown that the majority of the i(17q) chromosomes (11 of 15 investigated cases) were dicentric, ie, they contained two centromeres, strongly suggesting that i(17q) is formed through an intrachromosomal recombination event, and also implicating that the i(17q), in a formal sense, should be designated idic(17)(p11). Because i(17q) formation results in loss of 17p material, potentially uncovering the effect of a tumor suppressor on the remaining 17p, the occurrence of TP53 mutations was studied in 17 cases by sequencing the entire coding region. In 16 cases, no TP53 mutations were found, whereas one MDS displayed a homozygous deletion of TP53. Thus, our data suggest that there is no association between i(17q) and coding TP53 mutations, and that another tumor suppressor gene(s), located in proximity of the SMS common deletion region, or in a more distal location, is of pathogenetic importance in i(17q)-associated leukemia.
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| 39. |
- Fredriksson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Labeling of human C-peptide by conjugation with N-succinimidyl-4- F-18 fluorobenzoate
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 44:7, s. 509-519
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have labeled proinsulin connecting peptide (C-peptide) with fluorine-18 (t(1/2) = 109.7min) in order to perform in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies with position emission tomography (PET). This study reports the optimization of the conjugation labeling in the N-terminal with N-succinimidyl-4-[F-18]fluorobenzoate ([F-18]SFB). In preparative runs N-4-[F-18]fluorobenzoyl-C-peptide ([F-18]FB-C-peptide) was produced in 8-12% decay-corrected yields, counted from resolubilized [F-18]F-, in less than 5h. The specific radioactivity of [F-18]FB-C-peptide, determined using ELISA for one of the preparations, was around 70 GBq/mu mol at end of synthesis.
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| 40. |
- Hägglund, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Objektiv utvärdering av målningsfärger på trä för utomhusbruk del 1
- 1987
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital bildbehandling för utvärdering av målade träytors kondition har studerats. Resultatet visar att bildbehandling kan utvecklas till en objektiv metod med vilken man på ett tidigt stadium kan bedöma målade träytors kondition. Sådana metoder saknas i stort sett för närvarande. Bildbehandlingen måste dock kombineras med en lämplig metod för avlägsnande av färg med reducerad vidhäftning. Bildbehandling skulle kunna beräkna mängd sprickor, nedsmutsning och eventuell biologisk påväxt samt analysera orsakerna till att vidhäftningen mellan färg och trä försämras.
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| 41. |
- Isaksson, Sofi, et al.
(författare)
-
Detecting EGFR alterations in clinical specimens-pitfalls and necessities.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Virchows Archiv: an international journal of pathology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-2307. ; 463:6, s. 755-764
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in early stage lung cancer in Southern Sweden, a population for which there are no previous reports on the EGFR mutation frequency. Three hundred fifty small cell lung cancers, adenocarcinomas (AC), squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC), and large cell carcinomas were analyzed using a combination of techniques for the analysis of protein expression, gene copy numbers, and mutations. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with antibodies for the EGFR mutations L858R and del E746-A750 revealed intratumoral heterogeneity and several discrepant cases when compared to mutation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis. The frequencies of these two mutations, when considering IHC staining with mutation-specific antibodies in a cohort of 298 cases and subsequent confirmation by PCR, were 10 % in AC and <2 % in SqCC. Furthermore, screening by sequencing of EGFR in a cohort of 52 lung AC and squamous carcinomas demonstrated a more diverse mutation spectrum, not covered by the mutation-specific antibodies. High expression of total EGFR protein was correlated to high gene copy numbers but did not reflect the mutational status of the tumors. We believe that the mutation spectra in a Southern Swedish population is too diverse to be covered by the mutation-specific antibodies, and we also raise some other issues regarding the use of the mutation-specific antibodies, for example concerning heterogeneous expression of the mutated protein, optimal antibody dilution, and discrepancies between staining results and PCR.
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| 42. |
- Jansson, Jan-Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Reading times and adpative styles among patients diagnosed with psychosis as assessed by the serial color-word test
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125. ; 114:1, s. 3-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on how patients diagnosed with psychosis deal with a conflicting situation. In the study, two groups of patients were assessed. One group consisted of patients diagnosed with psychosis (n=41), while the comparison group (n=135) consisted of inpatients diagnosed either with anorexia nervosa or with bulimia nervosa. The groups were assessed using the Serial Color Word Test (S-CWT), designed for studying an individual's successive adaptation over time to a conflicting situation. The S-CWT differentiated the two groups regarding both reading time and adaptive styles. Patients diagnosed with psychosis had longer reading times and an adaptive style that was deviant throughout the test, indicating poorer cognitive functioning and more serious psychopathology. These problems may in turn influence functioning in work or study and daily living, all of which are important in treatment planning.
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| 43. |
- Jansson, Ronnie, et al.
(författare)
-
Recombinant Spider Silk Genetically Functionalized with Affinity Domains
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 15:5, s. 1696-1706
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functionalization of biocompatible materials for presentation of active protein domains is an area of growing interest. Herein, we describe a strategy for functionalization of recombinant spider silk via gene fusion to affinity domains of broad biotechnological use. Four affinity domains of different origin and structure; the IgG-binding domains Z and C2, the albumin-binding domain ABD, and the biotin-binding domain M4, were all successfully produced as soluble silk fusion proteins under nondenaturing purification conditions. Silk films and fibers produced from the fusion proteins were demonstrated to be chemically and thermally stable. Still, the bioactive domains are concluded to be folded and accessible, since their respective targets could be selectively captured from complex samples, including rabbit serum and human plasma. Interestingly, materials produced from mixtures of two different silk fusion proteins displayed combined binding properties, suggesting that tailor-made materials with desired stoichiometry and surface distributions of several binding domains can be produced. Further, use of the IgG binding ability as a general mean for presentation of desired biomolecules could be demonstrated for a human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) model system, via a first capture of anti-VEGF IgG to silk containing the Z-domain, followed by incubation with hVEGF. Taken together, this study demonstrates the potential of recombinant silk, genetically functionalized with affinity domains, for construction of biomaterials capable of presentation of almost any desired biomolecule.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Jarnheimer, Per-åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics in a Hospital Sewage Line; Occurrence, Distribution and Impact on Bacterial Resistance
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 36:10, s. 752-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In hospital sewage lines, human faecal bacteria are exposed to antibiotics, posing a risk for selection of antibiotic resistant microorganisms. We constructed a system for continuous sampling in a hospital sewage line that allowed us to study longitudinal establishment of bacteria, concentrations of antibiotics, and selection of bacterial resistance in waste water, sediment and biofilm. The focus in this study was on fluoroquinolones, a widely used group of antibiotics with increasing resistance problems. We found low levels of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in waste water but high concentrations in sediment. Despite the high levels of fluoroquinolones bound to sediment, we did not find any development of resistance against fluoroquinolones in Enterobacteriacae spp. and faecal enterococci isolated from sediment.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Johansson Capusan, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Evakueringar av svårt sjuka från Balkan satte etiska dilemman på sin spets : Prioriteringar i ett biståndsprojekt med relevans för svensk sjukvård
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 107:43, s. 2640-2643
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prioriteringsarbetet i ett flerårigt medicinskt biståndsprojekt gentemot Bosnien och Kosovo har blottlagt många svåra etiska avvägningar.Realitetens restriktioner, föränderliga förutsättningar och i sammanhanget irrationella faktorer påverkade den praktiska tillämpningen av de etiska principerna.En strävan att inom projektets begränsade ekonomiska ramar uppnå optimal avvägning mellan att hjälpa dem med störst vårdbehov och att erbjuda så många som möjligt vård ledde till ett allt mera strukturerat arbetssätt för att lösa etiska dilemman. Arbetssättet uppvisar likheter med utveckling av procedurer för prioriteringar i landstingen.Erfarenheter och exempel från detta konkreta prioriteringsarbete kan ha relevans för svensk sjukvård genom att belysa betydelsen av och fördelarna med ett strukturerat arbetssätt.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Daniella, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
A process integration analysis of H2 production from gasification of biomass in the oil refining industry
- 2010
-
Ingår i: 7th European Congress of Chemical Engineering 7, 19th International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering CHISA 2010, conference proceedings.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The refining industry faces a future with increasing hydrogen demand, a change in fuel mixture that increases process energy demand and at the same time a future with harder regulations on CO2 emissions. In this paper the CO2 effect of integrating different biomass gasification concepts to meet an increasing demand of hydrogen in an oil refinery are examined and presented in comparison with a conventional steam reformer. The result shows that if biomass is considered as an unlimited resource (i.e. CO2 neutral), biomass gasification concepts have a potential to reduce CO2 emissions. However, if biomass is considered as a limited resource, which is a likely future scenario, all studied concepts show an increase of CO2 emissions.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Daniella, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
CO2 capture at five industries at five industries in the Skagerrak area - Technical background report to: Carbon Capture and Storage in the Skagerrak/Kattegat region, Final report
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CO2 capture is an alternative to decrease CO2 emissions from industries. A large part of the cost for carbon capture is related to the heat supply to the capture plant. In this study four alternatives to supply the heat demand in the capture plant at five industries in the Skagerrak area are evaluated. These industries are Preem Göteborg, Preem Lysekil, Esso Slagentangen, Borealis Stenungsund and Yara Porsgrunn. The heat supply alternatives are; Natural Gas Combined Cycle, Natural Gas Boiler, Biomass Boiler and Excess heat from the process alone or in combination with a Heat Pump.The lowest specific capture costs are found when excess heat is utilized. In those plants where the available amount of excess heat is not large enough to cover the whole heat demand in the capture plant, via direct heat exchange, the lowest specific capture cost is found when a heat pump also is used. Specific capture costs of 45 to 60 €/ton can be reached in such systems. The specific avoidance costs are the same for these systems since no fossil fuel is used. Higher specific costs are found if the heat from the heat pump is not large enough to cover the heat demand in the capture plant and supplementary heat via a heat supply plant (e.g. a boiler) is needed.
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| 50. |
- Johansson, Daniella, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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CO2 capture in oil refineries-an evaluation of different heat integration possibilities for heat supply to the post-combustion process
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings, No.57. World Renweable Energy Congress 2011, May 8-13, Linköping, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper estimates the costs of CO2 post-combustion capture for two refineries by comparing different alternatives for supplying the heat needed for the regeneration of the absorbent. The cost of capture ranges from 30 to 472 €/ tCO2 avoided, depending on technology choice for heat supply and energy penalty for the CO2 separation. In this study, it is concluded that process integration leads to a reduction in avoidance costs. However, the avoidance cost depends greatly on which system perspective is considered, i.e. whether CO2 emission changes outside the refinery are included or not.
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