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1.	Ward, Heather A., et al. (författare) Measured adiposity in relation to head and neck cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 2017 Ingår i: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. - : AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH. - 1538-7755 .- 1055-9965. ; 26:6, s. 895-904 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence from cohort studies indicates that adiposity is associated with greater incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC). However, most studies have used self-reported anthropometry which is prone to error.METHODS: Among 363 094 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC) with measured anthropometry, there were 837 incident cases of HNC. HNC risk was examined in relation to body mass index (BMI) [lean: < 22.5 kg/m2, normal weight (reference): 22.5-24.9 kg/m2, overweight 25-29.9 kg/m2, obese: > 30 kg/m2], waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) using Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS: Among men, a BMI < 22.5 kg/m2 was associated with higher HNC risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 - 2.12)]; BMI was not associated with HNC among women. WC and WHR were associated with greater risk of HNC among women, (WC per 5 cm: HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 - 1.15; WHR per 0.1 unit: HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.38 - 1.93). After stratification by smoking status, the association for WHR was present only among smokers (p interaction 0.004). Among men, WC and WHR were associated with HNC only upon additional adjustment for BMI (WC per 5 cm: HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07 - 1.26; WHR per 0.1 unit: HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21 - 1.65).CONCLUSION: Central adiposity, particularly among women, may have a stronger association with HNC risk than previously estimated.IMPACT: Strategies to reduce obesity may beneficially impact HNC incidence.
2.	Arvidsson, Anna, 1973, et al. (författare) Quantitative Analysis of Titanium Implant Integration in Rat Bone Using 2D Techniques 2012 Ingår i: AstraTech World Congress, May 9-12, 2012, Göteborg, Sweden. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
3.	Bamia, Christina, et al. (författare) Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans : the EPIC-Elderly Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) 2007 Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 10:6, s. 590-598 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: To investigate the association of a posteriori dietary patterns with overall survival of older Europeans.Design and setting: This is a multi-centre cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association of the prevailing, a posteriori-derived, plant-based dietary pattern with all-cause mortality in a population of subjects who were 60 years or older at recruitment to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort). Analyses controlled for all known potential risk factors.Subjects: In total, 74 607 men and women, 60 years or older at enrolment and without previous coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, with complete information about dietary intakes and potentially confounding variables, and with known survival status as of December 2003, were included in the analysis.Results: An increase in the score which measures the adherence to the plant-based diet was associated with a lower overall mortality, a one standard deviation increment corresponding to a statistically significant reduction of 14% (95% confidence interval 5–23%). In country-specific analyses the apparent association was stronger in Greece, Spain, Denmark and The Netherlands, and absent in the UK and Germany.Conclusions: Greater adherence to the plant-based diet that was defined a posteriori in this population of European elders is associated with lower all-cause mortality. This dietary score is moderately positively correlated with the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score that has been constructed a priori and was also shown to be beneficial for the survival of the same EPIC-Elderly cohort.
4.	Barkarmo, Sargon, et al. (författare) Inflammatory cytokine release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium in vitro. 2018 Ingår i: Journal of biomaterials applications. - : SAGE Publications. - 1530-8022 .- 0885-3282. ; 33:2, s. 245-258 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective To investigate the cytokine expression profiles of blood cells exposed to polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium materials in vitro. Materials and methods Coin-shaped samples composed of titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium, polyetheretherketone, and blasted polyetheretherketone were manufactured. The surfaces of the coins were characterized using optical interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 10 blood donors were cultured for one, three, and six days in the presence or absence of the coins, and then assayed for cytokine production. Quantification of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells attached to the coins was performed using confocal microscopy after immunofluorescence staining. Results The machined titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium coins had a smoother surface topography compared to the machined polyetheretherketone and blasted polyetheretherketone. The highest mean contact angle was noted for the blasted polyetheretherketone, followed by the machined polyetheretherketone and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced significantly more proinflammatory cytokines when exposed to the polyetheretherketone surface compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface, while the blasted polyetheretherketone induced the highest level of proinflammatory cytokine release from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Significantly more cells attached to both polyetheretherketone surfaces, as compared to the titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium surface. Conclusion Polyetheretherketone induces a stronger inflammatory response from peripheral blood mononuclear cells than does titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium. Surface topography has an impact on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
5.	Boeing, Heiner, et al. (författare) Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: the prospective EPIC-study 2006 Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7225 .- 0957-5243. ; 17:7, s. 957-969 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Epidemiologic studies suggest that a high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract. We studied data from 345,904 subjects of the prospective European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) recruited in seven European countries, who had completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998. During 2,182,560 person years of observation 352 histologically verified incident squamous cell cancer (SCC) cases (255 males; 97 females) of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus were identified. Linear and restricted cubic spline Cox regressions were fitted on variables of intake of fruits and vegetables and adjusted for potential confounders. We observed a significant inverse association with combined total fruits and vegetables intake (estimated relative risk (RR) = 0.91; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.00 per 80 g/d of consumption), and nearly significant inverse associations in separate analyses with total fruits and total vegetables intake (RR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.02) and RR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78-1.02) per 40 g/d of consumption). Overall, vegetable subgroups were not related to risk with the exception of intake of root vegetables in men. Restricted cubic spline regression did not improve the linear model fits except for total fruits and vegetables and total fruits with a significant decrease in risk at low intake levels (< 120 g/d) for fruits. Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake.
6.	Bolind, Pia, 1953, et al. (författare) Histologic evaluation of Branemark clinic oral implants retrieved from grafted sites 2006 Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - Hamilton, Ont. : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 8:1, s. 44-53 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this report is to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the bone tissue response to Branemark implants retrieved from grafted sites in patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The material consists of consecutively received Branemark implants retrieved from grafted sites. Thirty-five of these implants, retrieved from 16 patients, were suitable for the histologic evaluation of undecalcified sections in the light microscope. RESULTS: The unloaded implants were mainly lined with soft tissue, and sparse bone-implant contact was observed only in some sections. The loaded implants, with the exception of one implant removed due to mobility, had mature and new bone-implant contact. Resorption of graft through cutting cone structures was detected. Cement lines were found separating bone-like tissue albeit no cellular content and bone tissue with detectable osteocytes. CONCLUSION: In this heterogeneous group of implants from grafted sites, the unloaded implants showed limited bone-implant contact. The autografts showed seemingly mixed viability as judged by the cell content in the osteocyte lacunae and cement lines separating areas with filled and empty lacunae.
7.	Bolind, Pia, 1953, et al. (författare) Retrieved implants from irradiated sites in humans: a histologic/histomorphometric investigation of oral and craniofacial implants 2006 Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - Hamilton, Ont. : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 8:3, s. 142-50 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this report was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the tissue response to bone-anchored implants retrieved from irradiated sites in patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material consists of 23 consecutively received Branemark implants (Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) placed in pre- or postoperatively irradiated sites. Twenty-two of the 23 implants were suitable for histologic evaluation of undecalcified sections in the light microscope. RESULTS: The oral implants with shorter time in situ demonstrated sparse bone to implant contact with mainly dense connective tissue in the interface. However, for implants with longer time in situ, high amounts of bone-implant contact and bone fill of threads were noted. The mean values of bone-implant contact and bone area within the thread were calculated to 40% (16-94) and 70% (13-96), respectively. The craniofacial implants, with the exception of two implants lined with a capsular formation, demonstrated mature and newly formed bone at the bone-implant interface. The mean value for bone-metal contact was calculated to 45 and 53% for two specimens. The mean value for bone area within the thread ranged from 65 to 88% for three specimens. CONCLUSION; The possibility to achieve bone anchorage of implants in irradiated tissue was supported by the findings in this study. However, due to limited material, conclusions with regard to radiation dose and bone tissue response to implants cannot be stated.
8.	Carlsson, Carolina, et al. (författare) Comparing light and fluorescence microscopic data : A pilot study of titanium and magnesium oxide implant integration in rabbit bone 2009 Ingår i: Titanium: The International Journal of Dental Implants & Biomaterials. - : P M K Media Group. - 1946-0155. ; 1:1, s. 61-70 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
9.	Carlsson, Carolina, et al. (författare) Comparing light- and fluorescence microscopic data: A pilot study of titanium- and magnesium oxide implant integration in rabbit bone. 2009 Ingår i: Titanium: International Scientific Journal of Dental Implants & Biomaterials 2008 Ti-08-002. - 1946-0155. ; 1:1, s. 61-70 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Without abstract
10.	Chuang, Shu-Chun, et al. (författare) Circulating Biomarkers of Tryptophan and the Kynurenine Pathway and Lung Cancer Risk 2014 Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 23:3, s. 461-468 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Imbalances in tryptophan metabolism have been linked to cancer-related immune escape and implicated in several cancers, including lung cancer. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer andNutrition (EPIC) that included 893 incident lung cancer cases and 1,748matched controls. Circulating levels of tryptophan and six of its metabolites were measured and evaluated in relation to lung cancer risk. Results: Tryptophan (P-trend = 2 Chi 10(-5)) and the kynurenine/ tryptophan ratio (KTR; P-trend 4 Chi 10(-5)) were associated with lung cancer risk overall after adjusting for established risk factors. The ORs comparing the fifth and first quintiles (OR5th (vs. 1st)) were 0.52 [ 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.37-0.74] for tryptophan and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.24-2.45) for KTR. After adjusting for plasma methionine (available fromprevious work, which was strongly correlated with tryptophan), the associations of tryptophan (adjusted P-trend 0.13) and KTR (P-trend = 0.009) were substantially attenuated. KTR was positively associated with squamous cell carcinoma, the OR5th vs. 1st being 2.83 (95% CI, 1.62-4.94, P-trend -3 Chi 10(-5)) that was only marginally affected by adjusting for methionine. Conclusions: This study indicates that biomarkers of tryptophan metabolism are associated with subsequent lung cancer risk. Although this result would seem consistent with the immune system having a role in lung cancer development, the overall associations were dependent on methionine, and further studies are warranted to further elucidate the importance of these metabolites in lung cancer etiology. Impact: This is the first prospective study investigating the tryptophan pathway in relation to lung cancer risk.
11.	Dewi, Nikmah Utami, et al. (författare) Anthropometry and the risk of lung cancer in EPIC 2016 Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 184:2, s. 129-139 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The associations of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements with lung cancer were examined in 348,108 participants in the European Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) between 1992 and 2010. The study population included 2,400 case patients with incident lung cancer, and the average length of follow-up was 11 years. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models in which we modeled smoking variables with cubic splines. Overall, there was a significant inverse association between BMI (weight (kg)/height (m)2) and the risk of lung cancer after adjustment for smoking and other confounders (for BMI of 30.0-34.9 versus 18.5-25.0, hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.84). The strength of the association declined with increasing follow-up time. Conversely, after adjustment for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were significantly positively associated with lung cancer risk (for the highest category of waist circumference vs. the lowest, hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.50). Given the decline of the inverse association between BMI and lung cancer over time, the association is likely at least partly due to weight loss resulting from preclinical lung cancer that was present at baseline. Residual confounding by smoking could also have influenced our findings.
12.	Duell, Eric J, et al. (författare) Vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A1 and SLC23A2) polymorphisms, plasma vitamin C levels, and gastric cancer risk in the EPIC cohort 2013 Ingår i: Genes & Nutrition. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1555-8932 .- 1865-3499. ; 8:6, s. 549-560 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Vitamin C is known to protect mucosal tissues from oxidative stress and inhibit nitrosamine formation in the stomach. High consumption of fruits, particularly citrus, and higher circulating vitamin C concentrations may be inversely associated with gastric cancer (GC) risk. We investigated 20 polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter genes SCL23A1 and SCL23A2 and GC risk in 365 cases and 1,284 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. We also evaluated the association between these polymorphisms and baseline plasma vitamin C levels in a subset of participants. Four SNPs were predictors of plasma vitamin C levels (SLC23A1 rs11950646 and rs33972313; SLC23A2 rs6053005 and rs6133175) in multivariable linear regression models. One SNP (SLC23A2 rs6116569) was associated with GC risk, in particular non-cardia GC (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI = 1.11-2.39, based on 178 non-cardia cases), but this association was attenuated when plasma vitamin C was included in the logistic regression model. Haplotype analysis of SLC23A1 yielded no associations with GC. In SLC23A2, one haplotype was associated with both overall and non-cardia GC, another haplotype was associated with GC overall, and a third was associated with intestinal-type GC. Common variants in SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 may influence plasma vitamin C concentration independent of dietary intake, and variation in SLC23A2 may influence GC risk. Additional prospective studies in large populations and consortia are recommended. Investigation of variation in vitamin C transporter genes may shed light on the preventative properties of vitamin C in gastric carcinogenesis.
13.	El Jellas, Khadija, et al. (författare) Two New Mutations in the CEL Gene Causing Diabetes and Hereditary Pancreatitis : How to Correctly Identify MODY8 Cases 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:4, s. 1455-1466 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Context: Maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 8 (MODY8) is associated with mutations in the CEL gene, which encodes the digestive enzyme carboxyl ester lipase. Several diabetes cases and families have in recent years been attributed to mutations in CEL without any functional or clinical evidence provided. Objective: To facilitate correct MODY8 diagnostics, we screened 2 cohorts of diabetes patients and delineated the phenotype. Methods: Young, lean Swedish and Finnish patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (352 cases, 406 controls) were screened for mutations in the CEL gene. We also screened 58 Czech MODY cases who had tested negative for common MODY genes. For CEL mutation-positive subjects, family history was recorded, and clinical investigations and pancreatic imaging performed. Results: Two cases (1 Swedish and 1 Czech) with germline mutation in CEL were identified. Clinical and radiological investigations of these 2 probands and their families revealed dominantly inherited insulin-dependent diabetes, pancreatic exocrine dysfunction, and atrophic pancreas with lipomatosis and cysts. Notably, hereditary pancreatitis was the predominant phenotype in 1 pedigree. Both families carried single-base pair deletions in the proximal part of the CEL variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) region in exon 11. The mutations are predicted to lead to aberrant protein tails that make the CEL protein susceptible to aggregation. Conclusion: The diagnosis of MODY8 requires a pancreatic exocrine phenotype and a deletion in the CEL VNTR in addition to dominantly inherited diabetes. CEL screening may be warranted also in families with hereditary pancreatitis of unknown genetic etiology.
14.	Eussen, Simone J. P. M., et al. (författare) North-south gradients in plasma concentrations of B-vitamins and other components of one-carbon metabolism in Western Europe: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study 2013 Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 110:2, s. 363-374 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Different lifestyle patterns across Europe may influence plasma concentrations of B-vitamins and one-carbon metabolites and their relation to chronic disease. Comparison of published data on one-carbon metabolites in Western European regions is difficult due to differences in sampling procedures and analytical methods between studies. The present study aimed, to compare plasma concentrations of one-carbon metabolites in Western European regions with one laboratory performing all biochemical analyses. We performed the present study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort among 5446 presumptively healthy individuals. Quantile regression was used to compare sex-specific median concentrations between Northern (Denmark and Sweden), Central (France, Germany, The Netherlands and United Kingdom) and Southern (Greece, Spain and Italy) European regions. The lowest folate concentrations were observed in Northern Europe (men, 10.4 nmol/l; women, 10.7 nmol/l) and highest concentrations in Central Europe. Cobalamin concentrations were slightly higher in Northern Europe (men, 330 pmol/l; women, 352 pmol/l) compared with Central and Southern Europe, but did not show a clear north-south gradient. Vitamin B-2 concentrations were highest in Northern Europe (men, 22.2 nmol/l; women, 26.0 nmol/l) and decreased towards Southern Europe (P-trend < 0.001). Vitamin B-6 concentrations were highest in Central Europe in men (77.3 nmol/l) and highest in the North among women (70.4 nmol/l), with decreasing concentrations towards Southern Europe in women (P-trend < 0.001). In men, concentrations of serine, glycine and sarcosine increased from the north to south. In women, sarcosine increased from Northern to Southern Europe. These findings may provide relevant information for the study of regional differences of chronic disease incidence in association with lifestyle.
15.	Fanidi, Anouar, et al. (författare) Circulating vitamin D in relation to cancer incidence and survival of the head and neck and oesophagus in the EPIC cohort 2016 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Experimental and epidemiological data suggest that vitamin D play a role in pathogenesis and progression of cancer, but prospective data on head and neck cancer (HNC) and oesophagus cancer are limited. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study recruited 385,747 participants with blood samples between 1992 and 2000. This analysis includes 497 case-control pairs of the head and neck and oesophagus, as well as 443 additional controls. Circulating 25(OH)D3 were measured in pre-diagnostic samples and evaluated in relation to HNC and oesophagus cancer risk and post-diagnosis all-cause mortality. After controlling for risk factors, a doubling of 25(OH)D3 was associated with 30% lower odds of HNC (OR 0.70, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.56-0.88, Ptrend = 0.001). Subsequent analyses by anatomical sub-site indicated clear inverse associations with risk of larynx and hypopharynx cancer combined (OR 0.55, 95CI% 0.39-0.78) and oral cavity cancer (OR 0.60, 95CI% 0.42-0.87). Low 25(OH)D3 concentrations were also associated with higher risk of death from any cause among HNC cases. No clear association was seen with risk or survival for oesophageal cancer. Study participants with elevated circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D3 had decreased risk of HNC, as well as improved survival following diagnosis.
16.	Guida, Florence, et al. (författare) Assessment of Lung Cancer Risk on the Basis of a Biomarker Panel of Circulating Proteins 2018 Ingår i: JAMA Oncology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2374-2437 .- 2374-2445. ; 4:10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Importance There is an urgent need to improve lung cancer risk assessment because current screening criteria miss a large proportion of cases.Objective To investigate whether a lung cancer risk prediction model based on a panel of selected circulating protein biomarkers can outperform a traditional risk prediction model and current US screening criteria.Design, Setting, and Participants Prediagnostic samples from 108 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and samples from 216 smoking-matched controls from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) cohort were used to develop a biomarker risk score based on 4 proteins (cancer antigen 125 [CA125], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], cytokeratin-19 fragment [CYFRA 21-1], and the precursor form of surfactant protein B [Pro-SFTPB]). The biomarker score was subsequently validated blindly using absolute risk estimates among 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and 90 matched controls from 2 large European population-based cohorts, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS).Main Outcomes and Measures Model validity in discriminating between future lung cancer cases and controls. Discrimination estimates were weighted to reflect the background populations of EPIC and NSHDS validation studies (area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve [AUC], sensitivity, and specificity).Results In the validation study of 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer and 90 matched controls (mean [SD] age, 57.7 [8.7] years; 68.6% men) from EPIC and NSHDS, an integrated risk prediction model that combined smoking exposure with the biomarker score yielded an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.90) compared with 0.73 (95% CI, 0.64-0.82) for a model based on smoking exposure alone (P = .003 for difference in AUC). At an overall specificity of 0.83, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the sensitivity of the integrated risk prediction (biomarker) model was 0.63 compared with 0.43 for the smoking model. Conversely, at an overall sensitivity of 0.42, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the integrated risk prediction model yielded a specificity of 0.95 compared with 0.86 for the smoking model.Conclusions and Relevance This study provided a proof of principle in showing that a panel of circulating protein biomarkers may improve lung cancer risk assessment and may be used to define eligibility for computed tomography screening.
17.	Hammarström Johansson, Petra, 1967, et al. (författare) Does tissue fixation and sample thickness matter in bone-biology research? 2005 Ingår i: The 19th European Conference on Biomaterials, 11-15 September, Sorrento, Napels, Italy 2005.. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
18.	Hermann, Silke, et al. (författare) The association of education with body mass index and waist circumference in the EPIC-PANACEA study 2011 Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 11:1, s. 169- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of education with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).METHOD: This study included 141,230 male and 336,637 female EPIC-participants, who were recruited between 1992 and 2000. Education, which was assessed by questionnaire, was classified into four categories; BMI and WC, measured by trained personnel in most participating centers, were modeled as continuous dependent variables. Associations were estimated using multilevel mixed effects linear regression models.RESULTS: Compared with the lowest education level, BMI and WC were significantly lower for all three higher education categories, which was consistent for all countries. Women with university degree had a 2.1 kg/m2 lower BMI compared with women with lowest education level. For men, a statistically significant, but less pronounced difference was observed (1.3 kg/m2). The association between WC and education level was also of greater magnitude for women: compared with the lowest education level, average WC of women was lower by 5.2 cm for women in the highest category. For men the difference was 2.9 cm.CONCLUSION: In this European cohort, there is an inverse association between higher BMI as well as higher WC and lower education level. Public Health Programs that aim to reduce overweight and obesity should primarily focus on the lower educated population.
19.	Johansson, Carina B., 1955, et al. (författare) Biomechanical Data Confirm Improved Osseointegration Of Implants With Hierarchical Nano-Structured Surfaces 2012 Ingår i: AstraTech World Congress, Göteborg, May 9-12, 2012. Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
20.	Kaaks, Rudolf, et al. (författare) Lag Times between Lymphoproliferative Disorder and Clinical Diagnosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia : A Prospective Analysis Using Plasma Soluble CD23 2015 Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 24:3, s. 538-545 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a chronic disease that often progresses slowly from a precursor stage, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), and that can remain undiagnosed for a long time. Methods: Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort, we measured prediagnostic plasma sCD23 for 179 individuals who eventually were diagnosed with CLL and an equal number of matched control subjects who remained free of cancer. Results: In a very large proportion of CLL patients' plasma sCD23 was clearly elevated 7 or more years before diagnosis. Considering sCD23 as a disease predictor, the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90-1.00] for CLL diagnosed within 0.1 to 2.7 years after blood measurement, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.86-0.95) for diagnosis within 2.8 to 7.3 years, and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.65-0.86) for CLL diagnosed between 7.4 and 12.5 years. Even at a 7.4-year and longer time interval, elevated plasma sCD23 could predict a later clinical diagnosis of CLL with 100% specificity at > 45% sensitivity. Conclusions: Our findings provide unique documentation for the very long latency times during which measurable B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder exists before the clinical manifestation of CLL. Impact: Our findings have relevance for the interpretation of prospective epidemiologic studies on the causes of CLL in terms of reverse causation bias. The lag times indicate a time frame within which an early detection of CLL would be theoretically possible. (c) 2014 AACR.
21.	Kassapidou, Maria, et al. (författare) Cobalt-chromium alloys fabricated with four different techniques: Ion release, toxicity of released elements and surface roughness 2020 Ingår i: Dental Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0109-5641 .- 1879-0097. ; 36:11 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective. To investigate the metal ion release, surface roughness and cytoxicity for Co-Cr alloys produced by different manufacturing techniques before and after heat treatment. In addition, to evaluate if the combination of materials affects the ion release. Methods. Five Co-Cr alloys were included, based on four manufacturing techniques. Commercially pure titanium, CpTi grade 4 and a titanium alloy were included for comparison. The ion release tests involved both Inductive Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry and Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry analyses. The surface analysis was conducted with optical interferometry. Cells were indirectly exposed to the materials and cell viability was evaluated with the MTT (3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Results. All alloys showed a decrease of the total ion release when CpTi grade 4 was present. The total ion release decreased over time for all specimens and the highest ion release was observed from the cast and milled Co-Cr alloy in acidic conditions. The cast and laser-melted Co-Cr alloy and the titanium alloy became rougher after heat treatment. All materials were within the limits of cell viability according to standards. Significance. The ion release from Co-Cr alloys is influenced by the combination of materials, pH and time. Surface roughness is influenced by heat treatment. Furthermore, both ion release and surface roughness are influenced by the manufacturing technique and the alloy type. The clinical implication needs to be further investigated. (C) 2020 The Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Inc.
22.	Kassapidou, Maria, et al. (författare) Cobalt-chromium alloys in fixed prosthodontics : Investigations of mechanical properties and microstructure 2023 Ingår i: The Journal of prosthetic dentistry (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0022-3913 .- 1097-6841. ; 130:2, s. 255.e1-255.e10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys possess beneficial mechanical properties because alloys, even in thin sections, can resist high mastication forces and exhibit an acceptable bond to the surface porcelain layer. Traditional manufacturing techniques of Co-Cr alloys such as casting have been replaced with newer fabrication techniques, such as milling, laser melting, and presintered milling. Despite scarce documentation, these new manufacturing techniques are being used to fabricate dental and implant constructions.PURPOSE: This in vitro study investigates the hardness, yield strength, elastic modulus, and microstructure of the most commonly used Co-Cr alloys for fixed prosthodontics based on manufacturing technique. In addition, this study investigates the effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of these materials.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five Co-Cr alloys were included (dumbbell and rectangular shaped) based on four manufacturing techniques: cast, milled, laser melted, and presintered milled. Commercially pure titanium grade 4 and titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium ELI (extra low interstitial) were included for comparison, and yield strength and elongation after fracture were evaluated. The specimens were tested for hardness using the Vickers test and for elastic modulus using a nondestructive impulse excitation technique. The microstructure of selected specimens was analyzed using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).RESULTS: The mechanical properties depend on the manufacturing technique used; the laser-melted and presintered Co-Cr specimens demonstrated the highest mechanical properties, followed by the milled and cast groups. Both the laser-melted and the presintered milled Co-Cr specimens showed smaller grain size compared with the cast and milled Co-Cr specimens. The titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium ELI demonstrated higher hardness and yield strength compared to commercially pure titanium grade 4. No major differences were observed for the selected materials regarding the mechanical properties and microstructural appearance after heat treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The laser melting and presintered milling techniques produced higher mechanical properties compared with the cast and milled Co-Cr. These findings were confirmed through microstructural analysis with respect to the grain size, precipitation, and number of pores.
23.	Kassapidou, Maria, et al. (författare) Inflammatory Response to Cobalt-Chromium Alloys Fabricated With Different Techniques 2021 Ingår i: Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Research. - : UAB Stilus Optimus. - 2029-283X. ; 12:4 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To explore the in vitro cytokine expression of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to cobalt-chromium alloys, manufactured with different techniques, in comparison with commercially pure titanium grade 4 and titanium alloy grade 23.Material and Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 10 healthy blood donors and exposed to machine-ground coin-shaped: (a) cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) specimens (n = 5) manufactured by four techniques, i.e. cast, milled, laser melted and presintered milled; (b) commercially pure titanium grade 4; and (c) titanium alloy grade 23. The cells were cultured for 4, 24 and 72 hours followed by investigations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine release using Bio-Plex Pro (TM).Results: In general, the PBMC produced significantly more cytokines when exposed to the cast and presintered milled Co-Cr materials compared to laser melted, milled Co-Cr and titanium materials.Conclusions: Within the limitation of the present study, it may be suggested that cast and presintered milled cobalt-chromium alloys provoke a stronger inflammatory response compared to milled and laser melted cobalt-chromium alloys and titanium materials.
24.	Knaze, Viktoria, et al. (författare) Intake estimation of total and individual flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins, their food sources and determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study 2012 Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 108:6, s. 1095-1108 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Epidemiological studies suggest health-protective effects of flavan-3-ols and their derived compounds on chronic diseases. The present study aimed to estimate dietary flavan-3-ol, proanthocyanidin (PA) and theaflavin intakes, their food sources and potential determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration cohort. Dietary data were collected using a standardised 24 h dietary recall software administered to 36 037 subjects aged 35-74 years. Dietary data were linked with a flavanoid food composition database compiled from the latest US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and expanded to include recipes, estimations and retention factors. Total flavan-3-ol intake was the highest in UK Health-conscious men (453.6 mg/d) and women of UK General population (377.6 mg/d), while the intake was the lowest in Greece (men: 160.5 mg/d; women: 124.8 mg/d). Monomer intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 213.5 mg/d; women: 178.6 mg/d) and the lowest in Greece (men: 26.6 mg/d in men; women: 20.7 mg/d). Theaflavin intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 29.3 mg/d; women: 25.3 mg/d) and close to zero in Greece and Spain. PA intake was the highest in Asturias (men: 455.2 mg/d) and San Sebastian (women: 253 mg/d), while being the lowest in Greece (men: 134.6 mg/d; women: 101.0 mg/d). Except for the UK, non-citrus fruits (apples/pears) were the highest contributors to the total flavan-3-ol intake. Tea was the main contributor of total flavan-3-ols in the UK. Flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intakes were significantly different among all assessed groups. This study showed heterogeneity in flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intake throughout the EPIC countries.
25.	Kwon, David H., et al. (författare) Bone tissue response following local drug delivery of bisphosphonate through titanium oxide nanotube implants in a rabbit model 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979. ; 44:9, s. 941-949 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether surface chemistry-controlled TiO2 nanotube structures may serve as a local drug delivery system for zoledronic acid improving implant-bone support. Methods: Twenty-four screw-shaped Ti implants with surface chemistry-controlled TiO2 nanotube structures were prepared and divided into a zoledronic acid-formatted test and a native control group. The implants were inserted into contra-lateral femoral condyles in 12 New Zealand White rabbits. Bone support was evaluated using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and removal torque (RTQ), as well as histometric analysis following a 3-weeks healing interval. Results: Zoledronic acid-formatted TiO2 nanotube test implants showed significantly improved implant stability and osseointegration measured using RFA and RTQ compared with control (p<0.05), and showed significantly enhanced new bone formation within the root of the threads compared with control (p<0.05). Conclusions: TiO2 nanotube implants may prove to be a significant delivery system for drugs or biologic agents aimed at supporting local bone formation. Additional study of candidate drugs/agents, optimized dosage and release kinetics is needed prior to evaluation in clinical settings. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
26.	Lilja Andersson, Petra, et al. (författare) Clinical Final Examination : A model to reach national unity standards for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing in Sweden 2009 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
27.	Michaud, Dominique S., et al. (författare) Lifestyle, dietary factors, and antibody levels to oral bacteria in cancer-free participants of a European cohort study 2013 Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 24:11, s. 1901-1909 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that oral microbiota play a pivotal role in chronic diseases, in addition to the well-established role in periodontal disease. Moreover, recent studies suggest that oral bacteria may also be involved in carcinogenesis; periodontal disease has been linked to several cancers. In this study, we examined whether lifestyle factors have an impact on antibody levels to oral bacteria.METHODS: Data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions were obtained at the time of blood sample collection. For the current analysis, we measured antibody levels to 25 oral bacteria in 395 cancer-free individuals using an immunoblot array. Combined total immunoglobin G (IgG) levels were obtained by summing concentrations for all oral bacteria measured.RESULTS: IgG antibody levels were substantially lower among current and former smokers (1,697 and 1,677 ng/mL, respectively) than never smokers (1,960 ng/mL; p trend = 0.01), but did not vary by other factors, including body mass index, diabetes, physical activity, or by dietary factors, after adjusting for age, sex, education, country, and smoking status. The highest levels of total IgG were found among individuals with low education (2,419 ng/mL).CONCLUSIONS: Our findings on smoking are consistent with previous studies and support the notion that smokers have a compromised humoral immune response. Moreover, other major factors known to be associated with inflammatory markers, including obesity, were not associated with antibody levels to a large number of oral bacteria.
28.	Nilsson, Björn, et al. (författare) Threshold-free high-power methods for the ontological analysis of genome-wide gene expression studies 2007 Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 8:5, s. R74- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ontological analysis facilitates microarray data interpretation. We describe new ontological analysis methods which, unlike existing approaches, are threshold-free and statistically powerful. We perform extensive evaluations and introduce a new concept, detection spectra, to characterize methods. We show that different ontological analysis methods exhibit distinct detection spectra, and that it is critical to account for this diversity. Our results argue strongly against the continued use of existing methods, and provide directions towards an enhanced approach.
29.	Nyberg, Jan, 1960-, et al. (författare) Single-dose irradiation followed by implant insertion in rat bone : An investigative study to find a critical level for osseointegration 2010 Ingår i: Journal of Osseointegration. - Carimate, Italy : Ariesdue. - 2036-4121. ; 2:2, s. 52-60 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aim: No general consensus exists regarding the ideal time to insert implants in bone after irradiation or how the various irradiation doses influence implant success. This study aims at investigating integration of implants in pre-irradiated rat bone and find a critical level doses that cause disturbed osseointegration.Materials and methods: Single irradiation doses of 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 Gy were given to one leg of adult rats 3 days prior to insertion of screw-shaped implants whereas the other leg served as a non-irradiated control. The follow up was 5 weeks. Bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) were measured on undecalcified cut and ground sections in the light microscope. The tissue quality was also examined in the light microscope.Results: Doses of 5 and 10 Gy resulted in 25% higher contact values for the irradiated samples compared to non-irradiated controls. The most impaired integration occurred when doses of 20 Gy were given, revealing a 50% difference between the irradiated (25%) and the non irradiated samples (50%). The bone area demonstrated no major quantitative differences albeit the qualitative observations differed substantially being most pronounced in the 20 and 30 Gy irradiated samples.Conclusions: The osseointegration was substantially impaired after radiation doses of 20 and 30 Gy. Quantitative data alone are insufficient to describe implant integration in situation like this. Qualitative observations are of utmost importance and require great attention. The importance of judging and describing various grades of tissue damage is complicated but necessary. Based on the results obtained in this study, full scale experiments are now ongoing.
30.	Nyberg, Jan, 1960-, et al. (författare) Titanium implants in free fibula grafts for mandibular reconstruction : Histologic analysis and a long-term clinical follow up Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
31.	Ragnerstam, Petra, et al. (författare) "Lucy Church amiably" : nonsense and the production of meaning 2005 Ingår i: Limitation and liberation : women writers and the politics of genre. - 9197568007 ; , s. 83-95 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
32.	Reinedahl, David, et al. (författare) Aseptic Ligatures Induce Marginal Peri-Implant Bone Loss-An 8-Week Trial in Rabbits 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 8:8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The clinical value of ligature-induced experimental peri-implantitis studies has been questioned due to the artificial nature of the model. Despite repeated claims that ligatures of silk, cotton and other materials may not induce bone resorption by themselves; a recent review showed that the tissue reaction toward them has not been investigated. Hence, the current study aimed to explore the hard and soft tissue reactions toward commonly used ligature materials. A total of 60 dental implants were inserted into the femur ( = 20) and tibia ( = 40) of 10 rabbits. The femoral implants were ligated with sterile 3-0 braided silk in one leg and sterile cotton retraction chord in the other leg. The tibial implants were ligated with silk or left as non-ligated controls. All wounds were closed in layers. After a healing time of 8 weeks, femoral (silk versus cotton) and proximal tibial (silk versus non-ligated control) implants were investigated histologically. Distal tibial (silk versus non-ligated control) implants were investigated with real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The distance from the implant-top to first bone contact point was longer for silk ligated implants compared to non-ligated controls ( = 0.007), but did not vary between cotton and silk. The ligatures triggered an immunological reaction with cell infiltrates in close contact with the ligature materials, adjacent soft tissue encapsulation and bone resorption. qPCR further demonstrated an upregulated immune response toward the silk ligatures compared to non-ligated controls. Silk and cotton ligatures provoke foreign body reactions of soft tissue encapsulation type and bone resorption around implants in the absence of plaque.
33.	Romieu, Isabelle, et al. (författare) Alcohol intake and breast cancer in the European Prospective investigation into Cancer and Nutrition : Short title 2015 Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 137:8, s. 1921-1930 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Alcohol intake has been associated to breast cancer in pre and postmenopausal women; however results are inconclusive regarding tumor hormonal receptor status, and potential modifying factors like age at start drinking. Therefore, we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer using prospective observational data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Up to 334,850 women, aged 35-70 years at baseline, were recruited in ten European countries and followed up an average of 11 years. Alcohol intake at baseline and average lifetime alcohol intake were calculated from country-specific dietary and lifestyle questionnaires. The study outcomes were the Hazard ratios (HR) of developing breast cancer according to hormonal receptor status. During 3,670,439 person-years, 11,576 incident breast cancer cases were diagnosed. Alcohol intake was significantly related to breast cancer risk, for each 10 g/day increase in alcohol intake the HR increased by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.7-5.8%). Taking 0 to 5 g/day as reference, alcohol intake of >5 to 15 g/day was related to a 5.9% increase in breast cancer risk (95% CI: 1-11%). Significant increasing trends were observed between alcohol intake and ER+/PR+, ER-/PR-, HER2- and ER-/PR-HER2- tumors. Breast cancer risk was stronger among women who started drinking prior to first full-time pregnancy. Overall, our results confirm the association between alcohol intake and both hormone receptor positive and hormone receptor negative breast tumors, suggesting that timing of exposure to alcohol drinking may affect the risk. Therefore, women should be advised to control their alcohol consumption. What's new? Although it is now established that alcohol consumption increases breast cancer risk, many questions remain. Using a prospective study design with 11,576 incident breast cancer cases across 10 European countries, the authors confirmed the increased risk of alcohol on breast cancer development. They further show that women who started drinking before their first full-term pregnancy have a higher risk than women who started afterwards. These effects were observed in hormone-receptor positive and -negative tumors pointing to non-hormonal pathways that need to be further investigated.
34.	Romieu, Isabelle, et al. (författare) Fiber intake modulates the association of alcohol intake with breast cancer 2017 Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 140:2, s. 316-321 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Alcohol intake has been related to an increased risk of breast cancer (BC) while dietary fiber intake has been inversely associated to BC risk. A beneficial effect of fibers on ethanol carcinogenesis through their impact on estrogen levels is still controversial. We investigated the role of dietary fiber as a modifying factor of the association of alcohol and BC using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). This study included 334,850 women aged 35–70 years at baseline enrolled in the ten countries of the EPIC study and followed up for 11.0 years on average. Information on fiber and alcohol intake at baseline and average lifetime alcohol intake were calculated from country-specific dietary and lifestyle questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HR) of developing invasive BC according to different levels of alcohol and fiber intake were computed. During 3,670,439 person-years, 11,576 incident BC cases were diagnosed. For subjects with low intake of fiber (<18.5 g/day), the risk of BC per 10 g/day of alcohol intake was 1.06 (1.03–1.08) while among subjects with high intake of fiber (>24.2 g/day) the risk of BC was 1.02 (0.99–1.05) (test for interaction p = 0.011). This modulating effect was stronger for fiber from vegetables. Our results suggest that fiber intake may modulate the positive association of alcohol intake and BC. Alcohol is well known to increase the risk for BC, while a fiber-rich diet has the opposite effect. Here the authors find a significant interaction between both lifestyle factors indicating that high fiber intake can ease the adverse effects associated with alcohol consumption. Consequently, women with high alcohol intake and low fiber intake (<18.5 g/day) had the highest risk for BC. Specific benefits were associated with fibers from vegetable, warranting further investigations into specific fiber sources and their mechanistic interactions with alcohol-induced BC risk.
35.	Thorkildsen, R. D., et al. (författare) Early Cup Loosening After Metal-on-Metal Total Joint Replacement of the Trapeziometacarpal Joint: A Retrieval Study 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0363-5023. ; 45:3, s. 213-222 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: To investigate the possible mechanisms behind early cup loosening in a metal-on-metal trapeziometacarpal joint replacement. Methods: The trapezia from 5 female patients were removed as part of a salvage procedure after a median of 22 months (range, 7–43 months) after implantation. Three osteoarthritic patients with symptomatic cup loosening and 2 with instability had a median age of 62 years (range, 59–65 years) at primary surgery. The trapezia with cups in situ were preserved and processed for histomorphometry. Studies with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were also performed on 2 of the specimens. Results: In all 5 specimens, osteolytic lesions undermined the cups and were also seen at the cup edges, completely surrounding the loose cups. Large amounts of dark particular material were seen in the periprosthetic tissues, mostly internalized by macrophages. The presence of chrome and cobalt in these regions was confirmed. Four of the 5 cups showed marked or complete loss of hydroxyapatite. Conclusions: We have found several possible explanations for the poor performance of this cup, including its cannulated design and metal-on-metal bearing. The changes seen are early and advanced, raising serious concerns about the implant and particularly the articulation. Type of study/level of evidence: Therapeutic V. © 2019 American Society for Surgery of the Hand
36.	Tjonneland, Anne, et al. (författare) Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 2007 Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7225 .- 0957-5243. ; 18:4, s. 361-373 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective Most epidemiologic studies have suggested an increased risk of breast cancer with increasing alcohol intake. Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer. Methods Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on Cox proportional hazard models were calculated using reported intake of alcohol, recent (at baseline) and lifetime exposure. We adjusted for known risk factors and stratified according to study center as well as potentially modifying host factors. Results During 6.4 years of follow up, 4,285 invasive cases of breast cancer within the age group 35-75 years were identified. For all countries together the IRR per 10 g/day higher recent alcohol intake (continuous) was 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.05). When adjusted, no association was seen between lifetime alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer. No difference in risk was shown between users and non-users of HRT, and there was no significant interaction between alcohol intake and BMI, HRT or dietary folate. Conclusion This large European study supports previous findings that recent alcohol intake increases the risk of breast cancer.
37.	Törneman, Niklas, et al. (författare) Litteraturstudie om kemiska ämnen och nanopartiklar i produkter inför screening 2007 2006 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract SWECO VIAK har på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket genomfört en litteraturstudie av ett 80 tal ämnen som kan bli aktuella för screening inom den nationella miljöövervakningen. Dessutom har en litteraturstudie om nanopartiklar genomförts.Litteraturstudierna omfattade fysiokemisk information, begränsningar och förbud som berör ämnena, toxikologiska och ekotoxikologiska data, hantering och emissioner av ämnena, spridning och omvandling i naturen, förekomst i miljö och människa, en PBT bedömning (dvs. en bedömning av ämnenas motstånd mot nedbrytning, ämnenas bioackumulationspotential och ämnenas toxicitet), en bedömning av möjliga matriser där ämnena kan återfinnas samt möjliga metoder för analys av ämnena.För att förbättra överskådligheten presenteras detaljerad information om de olika ämnena i ämnesrapporter som bifogas huvudrapporten. I själva rapporten redovisas varje ämnesgrupp i översiktliga tabeller där en del av informationen om varje ämne återfinns.En rad olika informationskällor har använts. Dessa innefattar olika ämnesdatabaser, rapporter från statliga och överstatliga organ, vetenskapliga databaser där nyare information återfinns och olika tillverkares/importörers/exportörers information om de olika ämnena.De studerade ämnesgrupperna är, med en kortfattad beskrivning:Aminer är en grupp alifatiska eller aromatiska ämnen där minst en amingrupp ingår. Alla ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade och tillgången på toxikologiska och ekotoxikologisk data är förhållandevis god. Ämnena inom gruppen används bl.a. som smörjmedelstillsatser och tre ämnen i gruppen är högvolymsprodukter. Några av ämnena bedöms vara något intressanta för screening pga. de påträffats i miljön och kan ha negativa hälso- och miljöeffekter.Biocider är en liten grupp ämnen som bl.a. används i färger. Alla ämnena i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på toxikologiska och ekotoxikologisk data är förhållandevis god. Ett av ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara något intressant för screening pga. de förhållandevis låga ekotoxikologiska effekthalterna och den icke försumbara mängden som registreras.Estrar innefattar både estrar med enkla och polyaromatiska substituenter och alifatiska estrar. Två ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är förhållandevis god. Ämnena ingår i olika industriella kemikalieprodukter och de flesta är högvolymskemikalier i EU. Två av ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara något intressanta för screening pga. de förhållandevis låga ekotoxikologiska effekthalterna och den icke försumbara mängden som registreras.Heterocykliska ämnen innefattar fyra ämnen vars enda strukturella likhet är att de innehåller minst en aromatisk ring. Flera ämnen i gruppen är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologisk data är begränsad. Ämnena ingår i olika industriella kemikalieprodukter och inga är högvolymskemikalier i EU. Ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara mindre intressanta för screening. Framförallt för att förhållandevis små mängder registreras årligen.Organiska fosfater och svavelföreningar innefattar tre ämnen utan strukturella likheter. Alla tre ämnen är högvolymsprodukter i EU och används som tillsatsämnen i kemikalie/plast -industrin. Ett av ämnena i gruppen är något intressant för screening eftersom registreringen ökar samtidigt som ämnet är misstänkt cancerframkallande. Dock är registreringen av detta ämne i Sverige förhållandevis låg (20 ton/år).Organiska halogener innefattar åtta ämnen. Samtliga är faroklassificerade som mycket giftiga för vattenlevande organismer och tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är god. Fyra ämnen är dessutom misstänkt cancerogena. De flesta ämnen i gruppen är bekämpningsmedel och fyra ämnen är högvolymsprodukter. Flera ämnena i gruppen bedöms vara intressanta för screening pga. mycket hög giftighet gentemot vattenlevande organismer. Extra intressant i denna grupp är cypermetrin vars användning förväntas öka för att skydda timmerupplag mot skadedjurangrepp.Organiska jonföreningar innefattar sexton anjoniska ämnen som alla innehåller minst en bensenring. Flera av ämnena är alkylbensensulfonater och några av dessa har linjära alkylgrupper vilket innebär att de är s.k. linjära alkylbensensulfonater (LAS). Inga av ämnena i gruppen är faroklassificerade. Ämnen förekommer främst i olika rengörings- och ytbehandlingsprodukter och elva ämnen i gruppen är högvolymsprodukter i EU. Tillgången på ekotoxikologiska data är varierande men flera av ämnena tycks vara relativt giftiga för vattenlevande organismer. Flera ämnen i denna grupp bedöms vara intressanta för screening främst för att stora mängder registreras årligen samtidigt som den huvudsakliga användningen är i sådana produkter där en spridning till omgivningen via t.ex. reningsverk är möjlig.Pigmentämnen innefattar 10 gula, 3 orange, 13 röda, 3 lila, 1 blå och 2 gröna pigmentämnen. Hela gruppen är mycket heterogen vad gäller molekylstruktur, egenskaper, farlighet förr människa och miljö samt registrerade mängder. I denna studie är detta den grupp av ämnen som det finns minst information om i förhållande till den mängd som registreras. Trots bristen på information bör inte denna grupp uteslutas från screening. Däremot kan det viktigaste kriteriet för urval av pigmentämnen till screening tänkas vara den registrerade mängden. Ur detta hänseende framstår det enda blå pigmentämnet som en lämplig kandidat med en registrerad mängd av 1250 ton år 2004 samtidigt som det finns förhållandevis mycket information om detta ämne.Betongtillsatser innefattar 7 ämnen vars enda gemensamma nämnare är att de alla används som tillsatsämnen vid betongtillblandning. Flertalet av dessa ämnen är faroklassificeradeoch alla ämnen är högvolymsprodukter inom EU samtidigt som mycket stora mängder registreras i Sverige årligen (100 – 12000 ton). Tillgången på ekotoxikologisk data är varierande men flera av ämnena tycks vara relativt giftiga för vattenlevande organismer. Flera ämnen i denna grupp bedöms vara intressanta för screening främst för att mycket stora mängder registreras årligen samtidigt som deras miljöfarlighet inte är obetydlig.Nanopartiklar är inte en ämnesgrupp i egentlig mening. Istället är detta en materialkategori som kännetecknas av rymdstrukturer på en skala < 100 nm. I denna rapport behandlas främst nanopartiklar vilket innefattar både linjära och partikulära nanomaterial men inte nanoytor (ytbeläggningar). Nanopartiklar kemiska sammansättning varierar mellan helt oorganiska nanopartiklar, kolnanopartiklar och nanokompositer. Pga. av sin storlek kan nanopartiklar passera en rad biologiska barriärer inklusive cellmembran och blod-hjärn barriären. Nanopartiklars speciella egenskaperna (t.ex. hög reaktivitet) beror bl.a. på den extremt stora ytan i förhållande till volymen vilket innebär att en stor andel av alla atomer befinner sig på ytan av strukturer, där de har en större möjlighet till att interagera med andra abiotiska eller biologiska material. Nanopartiklar har i laboratorieförsök visat sig kunna ha negativa hälsoeffekter. Trots detta finns det endast begränsad kunskap om i vilken grad som exponering för nanopartiklar leder till faktiska hälsoeffekter. Det går inte i nuläget att kvantifiera varken import, export eller mängden nanopartiklar som används i Sverige. Orsakerna är att det i nuläget inte finns några krav på att material eller produkter som innehåller nanopartiklar skall rapporteras till någon myndighet, varken i Sverige eller på EU-nivå. Dessutom finns det en mycket lång rad användningsområden för nanopartiklar, vilket gör att det kan vara besvärligt att sammanställa statistik som på ett tillförlitligt sätt kvantifierar användning, export och import. Det faktum att mycket stora mängder nanopartiklar (framförallt kolpulverbaserade nanopartiklar) använts i en lång rad år före begreppet nanopartiklar uppmärksammades, försvårar statistiksammanställningen ytterligare.
38.	Ward, Heather A., et al. (författare) Haem iron intake and risk of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort 2019 Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 8:73, s. 1122-1132 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that haem iron, which is found predominantly in red meat and increases endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds, may be positively associated with lung cancer. The objective was to examine the relationship between haem iron intake and lung cancer risk using detailed smoking history data and serum cotinine to control for potential confounding. Methods: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 416,746 individuals from 10 countries completed demographic and dietary questionnaires at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident lung cancer (n = 3731) risk relative to haem iron, non-haem iron, and total dietary iron intake. A corresponding analysis was conducted among a nested subset of 800 lung cancer cases and 1489 matched controls for whom serum cotinine was available. Results: Haem iron was associated with lung cancer risk, including after adjustment for details of smoking history (time since quitting, number of cigarettes per day): as a continuous variable (HR per 0.3 mg/1000 kcal 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.07), and in the highest versus lowest quintile (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02–1.32; trend across quintiles: P = 0.035). In contrast, non-haem iron intake was related inversely with lung cancer risk; however, this association attenuated after adjustment for smoking history. Additional adjustment for serum cotinine did not considerably alter the associations detected in the nested case–control subset. Conclusions: Greater haem iron intake may be modestly associated with lung cancer risk.
39.	Zamora-Ros, Raul, et al. (författare) Dietary intakes and food sources of phenolic acids in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study 2013 Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 110:8, s. 1500-1511 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Phenolic acids are secondary plant metabolites that may have protective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer in experimental studies. To date, limited data exist on the quantitative intake of phenolic acids. We estimated the intake of phenolic acids and their food sources and associated lifestyle factors in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Phenolic acid intakes were estimated for 36 037 subjects aged 35-74 years and recruited between 1992 and 2000 in ten European countries using a standardised 24 h recall software (EPIC-Soft), and their food sources were identified. Dietary data were linked to the Phenol-Explorer database, which contains data on forty-five aglycones of phenolic acids in 452 foods. The total phenolic acid intake was highest in Aarhus, Denmark (1265.5 and 980.7 mg/d in men and women, respectively), while the intake was lowest in Greece (213.2 and 158.6 mg/d in men and women, respectively). The hydroxycinnamic acid subclass was the main contributor to the total phenolic acid intake, accounting for 84.6-95.3% of intake depending on the region. Hydroxybenzoic acids accounted for 4.6-14.4%, hydroxyphenylacetic acids 0.1-0.8% and hydroxyphenylpropanoic acids <= 0.1% for all regions. An increasing south-north gradient of consumption was also found. Coffee was the main food source of phenolic acids and accounted for 55.3-80.7% of the total phenolic acid intake, followed by fruits, vegetables and nuts. A high heterogeneity in phenolic acid intake was observed across the European countries in the EPIC cohort, which will allow further exploration of the associations with the risk of diseases.
40.	Zamora-Ros, Raul, et al. (författare) Estimated dietary intakes of flavonols, flavanones and flavones in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24 hour dietary recall cohort 2011 Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 106:12, s. 1915-1925 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Flavonols, flavanones and flavones (FLAV) are sub-classes of flavonoids that exert cardioprotective and anti-carcinogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. We aimed to estimate the FLAV dietary intake, their food sources and associated lifestyle factors in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. FLAV intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven study centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on FLAV was compiled using data from US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded using recipes, estimations and flavonoid retention factors in order to increase its correspondence with the 24 h dietary recall. Our results showed that the highest FLAV-consuming centre was the UK health-conscious group, with 130.9 and 97.0 mg/d for men and women, respectively. The lowest FLAV intakes were 36.8 mg/d in men from Umea and 37.2 mg/d in women from Malmo (Sweden). The flavanone sub-class was the main contributor to the total FLAV intake ranging from 46.6 to 52.9% depending on the region. Flavonols ranged from 38.5 to 47.3% and flavones from 5.8 to 8.6%. FLAV intake was higher in women, non-smokers, increased with level of education and physical activity. The major food sources were citrus fruits and citrus-based juices (especially for flavanones), tea, wine, other fruits and some vegetables. We concluded that the present study shows heterogeneity in intake of these three sub-classes of flavonoids across European regions and highlights differences by sex and other sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
41.	Zamora-Ros, Raul, et al. (författare) Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study 2011 Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - London : Cambridge U. P.. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 106:7, s. 1090-1099 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Anthocyanidins are bioactive flavonoids with potential health-promoting effects. These may vary among single anthocyanidins considering differences in their bioavailability and some of the mechanisms involved. The aim of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of anthocyanidins, their food sources and the lifestyle factors (sex, age, BMI, smoking status, educational level and physisical activity) involved among twenty-seven centres in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Anthocyanidin intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven redefined centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on anthocyanidins (cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin) was compiled using data from the US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded by adding recipes, estimated values and cooking factors. For men, the total anthocyanidin mean intake ranged from 19.83 (SE 1.53) mg/d (Bilthoven, The Netherlands) to 64.88 (SE 1.86) mg/d (Turin, Italy), whereas for women the range was 18.73 (SE 2.80) mg/d (Granada, Spain) to 44.08 (SE 2.45) mg/d (Turin, Italy). A clear south to north gradient intake was observed. Cyanidins and malvidins were the main anthocynidin contributors depending on the region and sex. Anthocyanidin intake was higher in non-obese older females, non-smokers, and increased with educational level and physical activity. The major food sources were fruits, wine, non-alcoholic beverages and some vegetables. The present study shows differences in both total and individual anthocyanidin intakes and various lifestyle factors throughout Europe, with some geographical variability in their food sources.
42.	Zuo, Hui, et al. (författare) Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Link Vitamin B6 Catabolism and Lung Cancer Risk 2018 Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 78:1, s. 302-308 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Circulating pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) has been linked to lung cancer risk. The PAr index, defined as the ratio 4-pyridoxic acid/(pyridoxal + PLP), reflects increased vitamin B6 catabolism during inflammation. PAr has been defined as a marker of lung cancer risk in a prospective cohort study, but analysis of a larger numbers of cases are needed to deepen the significance of this study. Here, we conducted a nested case–control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, n = 521,330), which included 892 incident lung cancer cases and 1,748 controls matched by center, gender, date of blood collection, and date of birth. The association of PAr with risk of lung cancer was evaluated by using conditional logistic regression. Study participants with elevated PAr experienced higher risk of lung cancer in a dose–response fashion, with a doubling in PAr levels associated with 52% higher odds of lung cancer after adjustment for tobacco smoking, serum cotinine levels, educational attainment, and BMI [OR, 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27–1.81; P < 0.001]. Additional adjustment for intake of vegetables and fruits and physical activity did not materially affect risk association. The association of PAr with lung cancer risk was similar in both genders but slightly stronger in former smokers and in participants diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. This study provides robust evidence that increased vitamin B6 catabolism is independently associated with a higher risk of future lung cancer.
43.	Adisa, Femi, et al. (författare) Living Requirements Space An open access tool for enterprise resource planning systems requirements gathering 2010 Ingår i: Online information review (Print). - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1468-4527 .- 1468-4535. ; 34:4, s. 540-564 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose - This paper aims to discuss a new tool for requirements gathering in the Web 2.0 era. It seeks to investigate the features that this kind of tool should have in order to be as widely applicable and useful as possible. Further, it aims to explore the extent to which business requirements for enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems can be collected and discussed collaboratively in a worldwide community of business process experts. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is a combination of empirical research, hermeneutics and design research. Findings - The proposed Living Requirements Space (LRS) platform has the potential of becoming an international forum for collecting and discussing business requirements for ERP systems. Practical implications - The LRS platform will allow ERP developers, ERP systems implementers, and academics to better understand the evolution of business requirements for ERP systems. It will create a knowledge base of ERP business requirements, that is, a repository that guarantees open and unrestricted access to content. It will thus allow for more international ERP systems and far more comprehensive education on and understanding of business processes and ERP systems. Originality/value - LRS is an open access tool that allows for the gathering of ERP systems requirements in a vendor-and project-independent approach that is unbiased towards any geographic region.
44.	Agudo, Antonio, et al. (författare) Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 30:36, s. 4550-4557 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). Methods The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AF(p)), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country. Results The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AF(p) were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC. Conclusion Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AF(p) estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark).
45.	Ahnlund, Petra, 1973- (författare) Omsorg som arbete : Om utbildning, arbetsmiljö och relationer i äldre- och handikappomsorgen 2008 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Background: At the central administrative level in Sweden, care work is presented as a complex task for which personnel require special qualifications. In elderly care, questions of training and qualifications form the highly topical theme noticed by central actors. According to The National Board of Health and Welfare, the supply of manpower and the educational levels of the workers are the most important factors in ensuring high quality care for the elderly. The question of educational levels is, however, with the exception of personal assistants, not given as much attention in care for people with disabilities. Aim: The aim of this dissertation is firstly to compare elderly care and care for persons with disabilities with the focus to describe and analyse education and work environment in these sectors. Secondly, the aim is to analyse if, and if so how, questions of education interacts with personnel’s view of the social work environment. Methods: The thesis is comprised of four studies and paper 1, 2 and 3 are based on the results of a qualitative interview study, which was comprised of 48 persons who worked in elderly care and the care for persons with disabilities. Of the 48 persons who took part in the study, 11 of them worked as middle managers and 37 worked as care workers in the every day care. Paper 4 consists of a research summary on how education for care workers is being studied in a Swedish and an international context. The personnel who participated in the interview study work in different care settings; in elderly care the personnel work in both sheltered housing and public home care services. In the care for disabled persons, the personnel work in residential housing with special services, in public daily activities for people with intellectual disabilities and as personal assistants. Result: Both managers and personnel find it important for care workers to have a degree of educational background as a basis for the learning process at the work place. The results also show that educational levels and the work environment are themes that are discussed differently by different actors. In previous research on education for care workers in both elderly care and the care for People with disabilities, academic education or education at a ground level has been seen as problematic due to the distance it is said to create between the worker and the care recipient. My results show that the discussion about education for care workers has become rather biased, and that highly educated personnel tend to be more aware of the power they possesses and that the relation to the care receiver is important. In elderly care the issue of education seems to be more a question of a general educational level. In the care for people with disabilities, the question of education for personnel is on a more individual basis, where the care workers learn together with the care recipient. Educational levels, the work environment and relations with colleagues and care recipients are connected and support from the managers is important for understanding the work and the relational perspective.
46.	Ahnlund, Petra, 1973-, et al. (författare) Omvårdnadsprogrammet : genomströmning, etableringsgrad och utbildningens relevans 2011 Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract I den offentliga omsorgen om äldre och personer med funktionshinder arbetar i dag personal som tillsammans utgör det största yrkesområdet i Sverige. I rapporten studeras hur intentionerna med att höja utbildningsnivån för äldreomsorgens personal genom att formalisera all kompetens kring en utbildning lyckats. Till grund för analysen ligger enkätdata samt statistik från SCB. Undersökningen visar att gymnasieskolans omvårdnadsprogram inte som enda aktör kan utbilda personal i en omfattning som motsvarar de framtida rekryteringsbehoven. Detta trots att omvårdnadsprogrammet har en god genomströmning och trots att en stor andel av eleverna arbetar inom avsedda målgruppsområden efter avslutade studier. Av de som avgick från omvårdnadsprogrammet 2000 och som finns i arbete 2008, arbetade 78 procent i ett målgruppsområde, de flesta som vård- och omsorgspersonal (SSYK 513) följt av sjukstöterskor (SSYK 223 och 323). Rapporten visar att utbildningen på omvårdnadsprogrammet har förberett eleverna för kommande arbetsliv på ett bra sätt, ett påstående som både de som arbetade och de som inte arbetade inom vård- och omsorg instämde i. Däremot råder det en stor variation bland de som arbetade inom vård- och omsorgsfältet vad gäller om kunskapen tas tillvara på den nuvarande arbetsplatsen.
47.	Ahnlund, Petra, et al. (författare) Omvårdnadsutbildning som mål eller medel? : Om legitimitetsproblem och kunskapssyn 2006 Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - 1104-1420. ; 13:3, s. 212-227 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
48.	Ahnlund, Petra, 1973-, et al. (författare) Upper secondare health care programme as means or measure? : On the problem of legitimacy and the view of knowledge 2008 Ingår i: Care work in crisis. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144052533 ; , s. 324-340 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
49.	Ahnlund, Petra, 1973-, et al. (författare) Utbildning och kompetensfrågor för äldre- och handikappomsorgens personal : En forskningsöversikt 2008 Ingår i: Tidskriften Socionomens forskningsöversikt. - Stockholm : Akademikerförbundet SSR. - 0283-1929. ; :6, s. 70-82 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
50.	Albert, J., et al. (författare) Risk of HIV transmission from patients on antiretroviral therapy: A position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy 2014 Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 46:10, s. 673-677 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The modern medical treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has drastically reduced the morbidity and mortality in patients infected with this virus. ART has also been shown to reduce the transmission risk from individual patients as well as the spread of the infection at the population level. This position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy is based on a workshop organized in the fall of 2012. It summarizes the latest research and knowledge on the risk of HIV transmission from patients on ART, with a focus on the risk of sexual transmission. The risk of transmission via shared injection equipment among intravenous drug users is also examined, as is the risk of mother-to-child transmission. Based on current knowledge, the risk of transmission through vaginal or anal intercourse involving the use of a condom has been judged to be minimal, provided that the person infected with HIV fulfils the criteria for effective ART. This probably also applies to unprotected intercourse, provided that no other sexually transmitted infections are present, although it is not currently possible to fully support this conclusion with direct scientific evidence. ART is judged to markedly reduce the risk of blood-borne transmission between people who share injection equipment. Finally, the risk of transmission from mother to child is very low, provided that ART is started well in advance of delivery.

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